plumbatan.

Brit.

/plʌmˈbɑːtə/, U.S.

/pləmˈbɑdə/

Inflections: Plural plumbatae.

Forms:

α. late Middle English plumbate, 1500s plumbatte, 1600s plumbat.

β. 1700s plumbate (plural), 1700s– plumbata.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin plumbata.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin plumbata (usually in plural plumbatae ) scourge to which leaden balls were attached (4th cent.), missile weighted with lead (4th cent.; compare classical Latin plumbātae sagittae , plural), use as noun of feminine of plumbātus , past participle of plumbāre to weight with lead, to fasten with lead < plumbum lead (see plumb n.¹). Compare plummet n. 4.

1. Roman History. A small missile in the form of a heavily weighted dart. Usually in plural.In quot. a1460 explained by the Middle Eng. Dict. as ‘a lead ball used as a missile in warfare’.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > [noun] > pointed missile

pileOE

dartc1330

plumbataa1460

a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 467 (MED) The barbulys that named ar plumbatys [L. Plumbatarum], Set in the sheld good to take fyve, That vsed hem of old wer grete estatys; As archerys, they wolde shote and dryve Her foo to flight or leve him not alyve.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. Notes p. lvi/2 They had acquired much reputation by the use of the plumbatæ, or darts loaded with lead. Each soldier carried five of these.

1969 G. R. Watson Roman Soldier 174 ‘Loaded javelins’ or plumbatae, were weapons in the late third and fourth centuries.

1999 E. Flint & D. Drake Destiny's Shield xxiii. 254 He tried to come to my aid, after a lance spilled me from my horse. But he was disabled himself, by a plumbata right through the thigh.

2. In plural. Lead weights attached to a whip, etc., to make its blows more painful. Now rare (historical in later use).

ΚΠ

α.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 94/1 Then Decius moued with anger commaunded hym to be beaten with plumbattes (which is sayth Sabellicus, a kinde of scourging).

1613 P. Simson Short Compend Hist. First Ten Persecutions I. iii. ii. sig. L7 The Emperour Decivs commanded that he shuld be scourged with plumbats (this was a sort of grieuous whip).

β. 1702 L. Echard Gen. Eccl. Hist. iii. 294 He was subjected to the most severe and merciless Torments, scourg'd with Plumbate, oblig'd to hold Fire in his Hands, [etc.].1866 J. M. Neale Sequences & Hymns i. 141 Them that were torn by the scourge, and them that defied the plumbatae, Thrown to the lions, or racked.1888 Catholic World Apr. 22 Was it not also an instrument of torture and death? De Rossi himself found plumbatæ in the crypt of St. Cecilia.1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 73/2 They were subject to the torture of the plumbatae in certain cases, such as fraud on the revenue and extortion.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	plumbata
释义	plumbatan. Brit. /plʌmˈbɑːtə/, U.S. /pləmˈbɑdə/ Inflections: Plural plumbatae. Forms: α. late Middle English plumbate, 1500s plumbatte, 1600s plumbat. β. 1700s plumbate (plural), 1700s– plumbata. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin plumbata. Etymology: < post-classical Latin plumbata (usually in plural plumbatae ) scourge to which leaden balls were attached (4th cent.), missile weighted with lead (4th cent.; compare classical Latin plumbātae sagittae , plural), use as noun of feminine of plumbātus , past participle of plumbāre to weight with lead, to fasten with lead < plumbum lead (see plumb n.¹). Compare plummet n. 4. 1. Roman History. A small missile in the form of a heavily weighted dart. Usually in plural.In quot. a1460 explained by the Middle Eng. Dict. as ‘a lead ball used as a missile in warfare’. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > [noun] > pointed missile pileOE dartc1330 plumbataa1460 a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 467 (MED) The barbulys that named ar plumbatys [L. Plumbatarum], Set in the sheld good to take fyve, That vsed hem of old wer grete estatys; As archerys, they wolde shote and dryve Her foo to flight or leve him not alyve. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. Notes p. lvi/2 They had acquired much reputation by the use of the plumbatæ, or darts loaded with lead. Each soldier carried five of these. 1969 G. R. Watson Roman Soldier 174 ‘Loaded javelins’ or plumbatae, were weapons in the late third and fourth centuries. 1999 E. Flint & D. Drake Destiny's Shield xxiii. 254 He tried to come to my aid, after a lance spilled me from my horse. But he was disabled himself, by a plumbata right through the thigh. 2. In plural. Lead weights attached to a whip, etc., to make its blows more painful. Now rare (historical in later use). ΚΠ α. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 94/1 Then Decius moued with anger commaunded hym to be beaten with plumbattes (which is sayth Sabellicus, a kinde of scourging). 1613 P. Simson Short Compend Hist. First Ten Persecutions I. iii. ii. sig. L7 The Emperour Decivs commanded that he shuld be scourged with plumbats (this was a sort of grieuous whip). β. 1702 L. Echard Gen. Eccl. Hist. iii. 294 He was subjected to the most severe and merciless Torments, scourg'd with Plumbate, oblig'd to hold Fire in his Hands, [etc.].1866 J. M. Neale Sequences & Hymns i. 141 Them that were torn by the scourge, and them that defied the plumbatae, Thrown to the lions, or racked.1888 Catholic World Apr. 22 Was it not also an instrument of torture and death? De Rossi himself found plumbatæ in the crypt of St. Cecilia.1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 73/2 They were subject to the torture of the plumbatae in certain cases, such as fraud on the revenue and extortion. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1460
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