单词 | polished |
释义 | polishedadj. 1. a. Made smooth (and usually glossy) by friction. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > refinement > [adjective] polisheda1382 dainteousc1386 polite?a1500 delicatea1533 courtly1535 civil1551 court-like1552 well-refined1575 nice1588 perpolite1592 politic1596 soft1599 terse1628 refine1646 refined1650 elegant1652 genteel1678 chastea1797 spirituala1806 aesthetic1844 nicey1859 raffiné1865 nuttish1869 too-tooa1884 sophisticated1895 lavender1928 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [adjective] polisheda1382 forbed1413 furbishedc1430 smeltc1540 nitid1615 neat-polished1729 the world > matter > light > reflection > [adjective] > made reflective or lustrous ybrent1297 yburnuschtc1330 polisheda1382 burnishedc1400 well-polished1485 glazed1530 slicked1594 glossed1602 nut-brown1609 well-glossed?1611 perpolished1616 varnished1642 reflectorized1932 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials having undergone process > [adjective] > smoothed or polished polisheda1382 politea1398 burnishedc1400 rubbed?c1425 levigated1578 expolite1592 smoothened1818 the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [adjective] > smooth and polished or glossy > made smooth and polished or glossy polisheda1382 rubbed?c1425 levigated1578 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) 3 Kings vi. 36 He bildide þe porche with inne forth with þre ordres of pulscht [v.r. polshid] stones. a1400 Siege Jerusalem (Laud) (1932) 471 A plate of pulsched gold. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 684 (MED) Þoruȝ þe toun..Of pulsched marbil vp-on strong pilleris Deuised wern..Fresche alures. a1505 R. Henryson Test. Cresseid 347 in Poems (1981) 122 Ane poleist glas. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. bviv Throw platis of polist steill. 1563 T. Becon Reliques of Rome (rev. ed.) Pref. sig. ☛.1 That their sonnes..may grow vp as the younge plantes, and that their doughters maye be as the polyshed corners of the temple. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iv. iii. 154 O polisht perturbation! golden care! View more context for this quotation 1670 T. Case Mt. Pisgah i. 8 These early Impressions are polished Jewels, which he hath, of special grace laid up. 1736 T. Gray Let. 8 May in Corr. T. Gray & W. Mason (1853) 3 In dust the polish'd ball he roll'd. 1746 G. Adams Micrographia Illustrata xvii. 69 Mr. Leeuwenhoek counted upwards of 200 Eggs of a blackish Colour and smooth, like polished Glass. 1815 M. Capel Let. 12 June (1955) ii. 106 The Floors..are beautifully inlaid with different woods, & looking like Polished Marble. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xv. 100 The road..lay right over the polished rocks. 1955 Times 29 June 3/5 Mr. Justice Haver in the Queen's Bench Division declared 313 polished diamonds..to have been forfeited. 1997 BBC Vegetarian Good Food Feb. 13/1 Made of quality polished stainless steel with a thermocore base to ensure even heat distribution. b. Having naturally a smooth, glossy surface. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > reflection > [adjective] > lustrous or shining with reflected light browna1000 brightOE cleara1300 slighta1300 burnedc1384 burnishedc1400 orientc1400 orientalc1450 sheeningc1480 refulgenta1500 silken1513 lustrantc1550 glossy1556 crisp1567 lustring1582 shiny1590 of shine1601 glossful1606 lustry1610 lustrousa1616 nitent1616 illustriousa1626 polished1649 lustrious1651 sheeny1673 shining1674 splendy1683 glazy1724 smolt1837 lustreful1843 lustred1858 sheened1920 the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [adjective] > smooth and polished or glossy slighta1300 politea1398 well-burnishedc1400 well-polished1485 snod?a1500 sleeked1513 sneith1513 snog1513 sleek1589 enamelled1600 polished1649 slid1719 waxen1722 glazy1724 smolt1837 patent leather1904 smarmy1909 ciré1921 1649 B. Gerbier 1st Lect. Cosmogr. 12 That if it bee asked from whence it proceeded, its from the reflection of the light which is incountred in the shadow of the Earth: for as the Moon is a polished body, [etc.]. 1825 Lancet 26 Nov. 309/1 The polished mucous surface glides without the smallest friction over the equally polished globe. 1833 Penny Cycl. I. 76/2 Acer lævigatum, the polished maple. 1901 E. Step Shell Life viii. 125 The Polished Wedge-shell (D[onax] politus) may be at once distinguished from the preceding by the absence of the milling along the inner margins of the valves. 1958 J. E. Morton Molluscs ii. 35 The cowries (Cypraeacea) are not burrowers, but they have a rounded and sometimes smoothly polished shell, covered in life by integument. 2002 Times (Nexis) 21 Sept. (Weekend section) 8 There are pale, twisted seed pods from Clitoria ternatea, a nutmeg still inside its polished shell, [etc.]. c. Of rice: having the outer layers of the grain removed. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > [adjective] > having husk removed hulleda1382 mundifiedc1425 unhusked1597 gelded1611 unhulled1656 polished1840 1840 Southern Cabinet Dec. 739 As regards the quality of the polished rice when compared with that prepared by the pestle, I arrived at the conclusions, 1st. That the polisher cleaned the rice more effectively than the pestle [etc.]. 1897 Idaho Daily Statesman 8 May 2/2 Germany consumes annually 120,000 tons of polished rice. 1902 Times 6 Mar. 5/3 In the Tariff Bill Committee the duty on polished rice was raised from four to six marks per 100 kilos. 1948 Good Housek. Cookery Bk. ii. 400 The natural rice has rather more flavour and food value than polished rice. 1992 Cambr. Encycl. Human Evol. (1994) ii. vii. 69/2 Beri-beri is caused by a lack of thiamine in diets based on refined cereals (e.g. polished rice) and lacking in meat. 2. figurative. Refined, cultured, elegant; smooth, performed with skilful ease. Cf. polish v. 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > [adjective] > well-mannered > polished or refined > of conduct urbane1659 nice1818 polished1894 a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Harl. 4866) (1897) 2939 (MED) Weyue fauel with his polysshid speche. 1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell 1093 Noble Chaucer, whos pullisshyd eloquence Oure englysshe rude so fresshely hath set out. 1639 in Hamilton Papers (1880) 100 Grace them with your more perfect and polished expressions. 1707 Ld. Godolphin Let. 28 July in H. L. Snyder Marlborough–Godolphin Corr. (1975) II. 863 I am not in despair of a sort of polished up agreement..for the present, which may help to gain time for farther measures in the winter. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1763 I. 212 [Johnson:] In more polished times there are people to do every thing for money. 1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice I. vi. 53 I consider it as one of the first refinements of polished societies. View more context for this quotation 1894 Ld. Wolseley Life Marlborough I. 239 Charles..liked his polished manners. 1978 S. Brill Teamsters vi. 200 He is more polished than his Teamsters friends. 1995 Guardian 1 Dec. (Friday Review section) 20/2 Jungle music's first true superstar brand of polished drum'n'bass took urban tension to the sleepy suburbs. Compounds polished cotton n. a glazed cotton fabric having a glossy appearance. ΚΠ 1900 Los Angeles Times 26 Jan. 8/4 ‘Polished’ cotton, ‘Mercerized’ cotton, and Pandura ‘silk’ made of gelatine thread have struggled for recognition in the market. 1959 Times 20 Apr. 13/2 Other good fabrics in the shops include a polished cotton made by Old Glamis, a pen and wash drawing of roses in pinks and tawny browns, [etc.]. 1999 Time Out N.Y. 10 June 37/1 The spring collection includes polished cotton capri pants in tawny yellow and periwinkle ($80) and ‘crinkle maxiskirts’ with adjustable strings. Derivatives ˈpolishedly adv. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > refinement > [adverb] nicelyc1450 polishedly1594 tersely1600 politely1624 refinedly1645 elegantly1728 spirituelly1825 sophisticatedly1956 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > [adverb] > in a well-mannered way > in a refined or polished manner cunninglyc1385 refinedly1645 politely1748 urbanely1789 polishedly1889 1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits ix. 121 He could not..deliuer his mind in them polishedly. 1762 P. Pineda Short & Compendious Meth. (ed. 3) 217 Pulidamente, this adverb comes from pulir, to polish; so that if the word may be allowed it is polishedly. 1889 A. C. Gunter That Frenchman! ix. 107 Polishedly polite to his equals. 1986 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 10 May The Genova Trio swung polishedly and cohesively in I Feel Pretty, representative of its several uptempo numbers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.a1382 |
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