belayv.

Brit.

/bᵻˈleɪ/, U.S.

/bəˈleɪ/,

/biˈleɪ/

Forms: Old English belecgan, Middle English bi-, be-legge(n, 1500s– belay. past tense Old English belegde, beléde, Middle English bilæde, Middle English bilaide, 1500s belaied, 1600s belaid, (Nautical) 1600s– belayed. past participle Old English belegd, beléd, Middle English bileȝȝd, Middle English bileyd, beleyd, beleid, 1500s belayd, 1500s–1600s belaied, 1600s belaid, (Nautical) 1600s– belayed.

Etymology: Old English bi- , belęcgan < Germanic *bilagjan, in Old High German bileckan , bilegen , modern German belegen , Dutch beleggen ; < bi- , be- prefix + lagjan , in Old English lęcgan to lay v.¹ Prof. Skeat suggests that the nautical use may have been taken from Dutch beleggen : compare belage v.

†1. transitive. To lay (a thing) about with other objects (i.e. by putting them about or around it); to surround, environ, invest, enclose, etc. with. Obsolete.

†a. literal.

ΚΠ

OE Andreas (1932) 1560 We mid unrihte ellþeodigne on carcerne clommum belegdon, witebendum.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7098 [With a strip of hide] A-buten he bilæde [c1300 Otho leide] muche del of londe.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5739 Him þouȝte brennynge a tre As hit wiþ loue al were bileyde.

†b. figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] > surround with

begirdc890

belayc893

bitrumc1000

umbegoc1300

vironc1440

compass1481

beset1578

entour1623

to fabricate about with1634

surround1635

hearse1646

gird1667

round1698

entwine1796

c893 tr. Orosius Hist. iii. viii. §3 Papirus wæs mid Romanum swylces domes beled.

1606 J. Reynolds Dolarnys Primerose 69 With many fauours, still thou didst belay mee.

†c. esp. To set about with (ornamentation), to lay with (a margin of gold, etc.). Cf. overlay n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > ornament [verb (transitive)] > tip, edge, or mount

belayc1175

tip1483

impale1553

befringe1611

scallop1749

mount1770

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 8167 All þe bære wass bileȝȝd Wiþþ bætenn gold.

1584 J. Dee Jrnl. in True & Faithful Relation Spirits (1659) i. 220 His Robes all belayed with lace of gold.

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. ii. sig. Aa3 A woodmans iacket..Of lincolne greene, belayd with siluer lace.

†2. spec.

a. To beset with armed men; to besiege, invest, beleaguer. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > besiege or blockade [verb (transitive)]

belieOE

besita1100

beset?c1225

assiege1297

besiege1297

belayc1320

umsiegea1325

ensiegec1380

environa1382

to set before1382

siege1390

forset?a1400

foldc1400

setc1400

to lay siege to, unto, about, against, beforec1449

oppugn?a1475

pursue1488

obsess1503

ferma1522

gird1548

begird1589

beleaguer1590

block1591

invest1591

intermure1606

blockade1684

to lay blockade to1713

leaguer1720

to form the siege1776

cerne1857

c1320 Sir Beves 3189 Themperur theroute us wille belegge.

1595 E. Spenser Amoretti xiv, in Amoretti & Epithalamion sig. A8^v Those small forts which ye were wont belay.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 281 It was by King Stephen belaied once or twise with sieges.

1648 G. Sandys Paraphr. Div. Poems: Deo Opt. Max. When Arabian Theeves belaid us round.

†b. To beset or line (a way or passage) with armed men so as to intercept an enemy; or with anything for the use of those who pass. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > attack > attack [verb (transitive)] > waylay (a road or position)

belay1603

waylay1609

the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide or supply (a person or thing) with anything > stock (a place, etc.) with something > line (a way) with supplies of something

belay1603

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 945 Simon..had so belaid that strait, as that the Turkes could not..passe the same.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vi. xlv. 258/2 Constantine..hasted from Rome, hauing belaid al the way with Posthorses for the purpose.

a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1677) ii. 44 Frederick..having belayed the ways made the Bishops..prisoners.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ix, in tr. Virgil Wks. 479 The speedy Horse all passages belay.

†c. To waylay, lie in wait for (a person). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > lie in wait for

keepc1000

waitc1200

aspya1250

awaita1250

wait onc1390

to wait on ——1390

forestall1413

belay1470

to lay fora1513

waylay1513

forelay1548

ambush1555

counterwait1562

to lie for1611

set1670

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur (1816) I. 273 All kings and knights of king Arthur's part belayed him, and waited for him.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 717 He was by certain Spaniards..belaid vpon the river Padus.

1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy I. xviii. 99 Other cases of danger which belay us in getting into the world.

†d. figurative. To forestall, make preparations for. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > delay [verb (transitive)]

forslowc888

eldc897

forsita940

gele971

lengOE

drilla1300

delayc1300

onfrestc1300

tarryc1320

jornc1330

dretchc1380

defer1382

forbida1387

to put offa1387

to put (also set) (something) in (or on) delaya1393

dilate1399

fordrawa1400

to put overc1410

latch?c1422

adjournc1425

prolongc1425

proloynec1425

rejournc1425

to put in respite1428

sleuthc1430

respitea1450

prorogue1453

refer1466

sleep1470

supersede1482

respectc1487

postpone1496

overseta1500

respett1500

enjourna1513

relong1523

retract1524

tarde1524

track1524

to fode forth1525

tract1527

protract1528

further1529

to make stay of1530

surcease1530

prorogate1534

to fay upon longc1540

linger1543

retard?1543

slake1544

procrastine1548

reprieve1548

remit1550

suspense1556

leave1559

shiftc1562

suspend1566

procrastinate1569

dally1574

post1577

to hold off1580

drift1584

loiter1589

postpose1598

to take one's (own) timea1602

flag1602

slug1605

elong1610

belay1613

demur1613

tardya1616

to hang up1623

frist1637

disjourn1642

future1642

off1642

waive1653

superannuate1655

perendinate1656

stave1664

detard1675

remora1686

to put back1718

withhold1726

protract1737

to keep over1847

to hold over1853

laten1860

to lay over1885

hold1891

back-burner1975

1613 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) sig. Kviii^v They who..haue entred into a confidence that they had belaied all euents.

†3. To invest (words) with a sense or meaning.

†a. To explain or expound (in some way). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > expound, explain [verb (transitive)]

arecchec885

unloukOE

overrunOE

sutelec1000

trahtnec1000

unfolda1050

belayc1175

openc1175

onopena1200

accountc1300

undo?a1366

remenea1382

interpret1382

unwrap1387

exploitc1390

enlumine1393

declarec1400

expoundc1400

unplait?c1400

enperc1420

planea1425

clearc1440

exponec1440

to lay outc1440

to give (also carry) lightc1449

unwind1482

expose1483

reducea1500

manifest1530

explicate1531

explaina1535

unlock?1536

dilucidate1538

elucidate1538

illustrate1538

rechec1540

explicate1543

illucidate1545

enucleate1548

unsnarl1555

commonstrate1563

to lay forth1577

straighten1577

unbroid1577

untwist1577

decipherc1586

illuminate1586

enlighten1587

resolvec1592

cipher1594

eliquidate1596

to take (a person) with one1599

rivelc1600

ravel1604

unbowel1606

unmist1611

extricate1614

unbolta1616

untanglea1616

enode1623

unperplexa1631

perspicuate1634

explata1637

unravel1637

esclarea1639

clarify1642

unweave1642

detenebrate1646

dismystery1652

undecipher1654

unfork1654

unparadox1654

reflect1655

enodate1656

unmysterya1661

liquidatea1670

recognize1676

to clear upa1691

to throw sidelight on1726

to throw (also cast, shed) light on (also upon)1731

eclaircise1754

irradiate1864

unbraid1880

predigest1905

to get (something) straight1920

disambiguate1960

demystify1963

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 67 Þet we seggeð and þus þa wordes we bi-leggeð.

a1250 Owl & Nightingale 903 Ȝet ich þe wile an oþer segge Ȝif þu hit const a riht bilegge.

†b. To gloze (so as to conceal meaning). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > hidden or indirect meaning > communicate secretively [verb (transitive)] > conceal meaning

belaya1250

a1250 Owl & Nightingale 672 He mot bi-hemmen and bi-legge.

a1250 Owl & Nightingale 837 Alle thine wordes thu bileist, That hit thincth soth al that thu seist.

†c. ? To illustrate by evidence or action. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 65 Gif we þos bode þus bileggeð.

†4. (Predicated of the thing which lies around): To encircle, clasp or coil round (about). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)]

befong971

beclipc1000

begoc1000

belieOE

bestandc1000

to go about ——OE

umbegangc1200

behema1250

befallc1275

berunc1275

girdc1290

bihalvena1300

umlapa1300

umlaya1300

umlouka1300

umbegoc1300

belayc1320

halsea1340

enclose1340

umbelapa1350

embracec1360

betrendc1374

circlec1374

umbecasta1375

to give about1382

environa1393

umbeclipa1395

compassa1400

encircle?a1400

enourle?a1400

umbegivea1400

umbeseta1400

umbeliec1400

umbetighc1400

enroundc1420

measurec1425

umbsteadc1450

adviron?1473

purprise1481

umbeviron1489

belta1500

girtha1500

overgirda1500

engirt15..

envirea1513

round?a1513

brace1513

umbereach1513

becompass1520

circuea1533

girtc1540

umbsetc1540

circule1553

encompass1555

circulate?a1560

ingyre1568

to do about1571

engird1573

circumdate1578

succinge1578

employ1579

circuate1581

girdle1582

wheel1582

circumgyre1583

enring1589

ringa1592

embail1593

enfold1596

invier1596

stem1596

circumcingle1599

ingert1599

engirdle1602

circulize1603

circumscribe1605

begirt1608

to go round1610

enwheela1616

surround1616

shingle1621

encirculize1624

circumviron1632

beround1643

orba1644

circumference1646

becircle1648

incircuitc1650

circumcinge1657

circumtend1684

besiege1686

cincture1789

zone1795

cravat1814

encincture1820

circumvent1824

begirdle1837

perambulate1863

cordon1891

c1320 tr. J. Bonaventura Medit. 274 Sorwe ȝoure hertes haþ alle be leyd.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 1336 (MED) Þis tre..A nedder hit had aboute bi leide.

1836 W. S. Landor Lett. of Conservative 86 Under the slightest whipping that ever belayed the shoulders of malefactor.]

a. Nautical. To coil a running rope round a cleat, belaying pin, or kevel, so as to fasten or secure it; to fasten by so putting it round. Said especially of one of the small ropes, used for working the sails. Also in Mountaineering.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > bind or tie [verb (transitive)] > fasten with a loop or noose > coil (rope) around something

belayc1550

belage1678

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 32 Mak fast & belay.

1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. ix. 42 To belay, is to make fast the ropes in their proper places.

1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. ii. 10 Bits..are..placed abaft the Manger..to belay the Cable thereto.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Belay or Belage [see belage v.]..Belay the Sheat, or Tack, i.e. fasten it to the Kennel, etc.

1762 W. Falconer Shipwreck ii. 21 Taught aft the sheet, they tally, and belay.

1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxiii. 231 The weather cross-jack braces and the lee main braces are each belayed together upon two pins.

1910 J. M. Archer-Thomson Climbing in Ogwen District viii. 79 After belaying the rope to a bollard on the right, the second man can assist the leader to start.

1957 R. G. Collomb Dict. Mountaineering 28 Belay, to tie oneself, as a stationary member of a roped party, to a firm rock projection..or to a piton, etc...in order to secure oneself and to afford a safeguard to the moving climber.

1957 R. W. Clark & E. C. Pyatt Mountaineering in Brit. ix. 160 Belayed by the third man, the second steadies the leader's foot.

b. transferred. To make fast, tie, secure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > condition of being fast bound or firmly fixed > make fast [verb (transitive)]

fastenOE

firmc1374

comforta1382

to make (something) fasta1400

anchor1425

defix?a1475

harden?1523

steeve1554

lock1590

confixa1616

secure1615

succour1688

belay1751

sicker1824

snackle1887

1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle IV. xciv. 13 Pipes had found it very difficult to keep him [sc. Peregrine] fast belayed.

1802 W. Giffard Juvenal ii. 84 The distaff, to a block belay'd.

1849 R. Curzon Visits to Monasteries Levant 376 The bridle, which was safely belayed to the pack-saddle.

c. Sailor's slang.

ΚΠ

1790 C. Dibdin Coll. Songs I. 153 My timbers! What lingo he'd coil and belay.

1867 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighbourhood III. viii. 188 Belay there, and hearken.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 94 Belay there, stop! that is enough! Belay that yarn, we have had enough of it!

†6. intransitive. To lay about one (sc. blows). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > strike or deliver blows [verb (intransitive)] > strike out

flingc1380

bursta1450

to lash out1567

belay1598

outlash1611

slash1689

to throw out1772

to let out1840

to hit out1856

sock1856

1598 B. Yong tr. J. de Montemayor Diana 109 They belaied about them, passing actiue and nimble in lending blowes.

†7. ? To lay down: but see allay v.¹ 12b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > wine-making > [verb (transitive)] > store wine or stock cellar

maintain1480

belay1562

wine1647

to lay down1839

bin1841

1562 W. Turner Bk. Natures Bathes Eng. f. 5, in 2nd Pt. Herball Youre wyne must be cleare and well belayd, accordinge vnto..the streingth and wekenes of the wyne.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	belay
释义	belayn. Brit. /ˈbiːleɪ/, U.S. /bəˈleɪ/, /biˈleɪ/ Etymology: < belay v. Mountaineering. A turn or fastening of a rope by belaying (see belay v. 5a). Also attributive and in other combinations. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > a bond, tie, or fastening > [noun] > a turn of rope round anything hitchingc1440 round turn1794 lingtow1815 belay1908 1908 Westm. Gaz. 12 June 5/1 A special knowledge of knots and roping method and belays might be their [sc. mountaineers'] only salvation. 1920 G. W. Young Mountain Craft v. 226 A very common position upon steep rock..is to turn face inward, and pass the rope round some belay-point from one hand to the other. 1957 R. W. Clark & E. C. Pyatt Mountaineering in Brit. xiii. 212 The use of the shoulder belay, and the technique that went with it, became standardised. Draft additions September 2015 A natural or artificial protrusion used for securing a climbing rope; a suitable site at which to belay (see belay v. 5a). ΚΠ 1906 G. D. Abraham & A. P. Abraham Rock-climbing N. Wales ix. 178 I climbed up to my brother's level, and made the rope safe round a small ‘belay’ which was exposed by a diligent search under some grass tufts. 1920 G. W. Young Mountain Craft v. 219 We must look out for a belay or anchor, any knob or split corner of rock, round which to pass the rope. 1963 A. Greenbank Instr. Rock Climbing vii. 82 The secure marble-sized chockstone jammed in a crack is a valuable belay, as even a small chockstone can take a full-weight rope. 2004 Trail May 142/1 Comfortable ledge with belays among the chockstones in the gully and cracks on the left wall. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online December 2021). belayv. Brit. /bᵻˈleɪ/, U.S. /bəˈleɪ/, /biˈleɪ/ Forms: Old English belecgan, Middle English bi-, be-legge(n, 1500s– belay. past tense Old English belegde, beléde, Middle English bilæde, Middle English bilaide, 1500s belaied, 1600s belaid, (Nautical) 1600s– belayed. past participle Old English belegd, beléd, Middle English bileȝȝd, Middle English bileyd, beleyd, beleid, 1500s belayd, 1500s–1600s belaied, 1600s belaid, (Nautical) 1600s– belayed. Etymology: Old English bi- , belęcgan < Germanic bilagjan, in Old High German bileckan* , bilegen , modern German belegen , Dutch beleggen ; < bi- , be- prefix + lagjan , in Old English lęcgan to lay v.¹ Prof. Skeat suggests that the nautical use may have been taken from Dutch beleggen : compare belage v. †1. transitive. To lay (a thing) about with other objects (i.e. by putting them about or around it); to surround, environ, invest, enclose, etc. with. Obsolete. †a. literal. ΚΠ OE Andreas (1932) 1560 We mid unrihte ellþeodigne on carcerne clommum belegdon, witebendum. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7098 [With a strip of hide] A-buten he bilæde [c1300 Otho leide] muche del of londe. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 5739 Him þouȝte brennynge a tre As hit wiþ loue al were bileyde. †b. figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] > surround with begirdc890 belayc893 bitrumc1000 umbegoc1300 vironc1440 compass1481 beset1578 entour1623 to fabricate about with1634 surround1635 hearse1646 gird1667 round1698 entwine1796 c893 tr. Orosius Hist. iii. viii. §3 Papirus wæs mid Romanum swylces domes beled. 1606 J. Reynolds Dolarnys Primerose 69 With many fauours, still thou didst belay mee. †c. esp. To set about with (ornamentation), to lay with (a margin of gold, etc.). Cf. overlay n. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > ornament [verb (transitive)] > tip, edge, or mount belayc1175 tip1483 impale1553 befringe1611 scallop1749 mount1770 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 8167 All þe bære wass bileȝȝd Wiþþ bætenn gold. 1584 J. Dee Jrnl. in True & Faithful Relation Spirits (1659) i. 220 His Robes all belayed with lace of gold. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. ii. sig. Aa3 A woodmans iacket..Of lincolne greene, belayd with siluer lace. View more context for this quotation †2. spec. a. To beset with armed men; to besiege, invest, beleaguer. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > besiege or blockade [verb (transitive)] belieOE besita1100 beset?c1225 assiege1297 besiege1297 belayc1320 umsiegea1325 ensiegec1380 environa1382 to set before1382 siege1390 forset?a1400 foldc1400 setc1400 to lay siege to, unto, about, against, beforec1449 oppugn?a1475 pursue1488 obsess1503 ferma1522 gird1548 begird1589 beleaguer1590 block1591 invest1591 intermure1606 blockade1684 to lay blockade to1713 leaguer1720 to form the siege1776 cerne1857 c1320 Sir Beves 3189 Themperur theroute us wille belegge. 1595 E. Spenser Amoretti xiv, in Amoretti & Epithalamion sig. A8^v Those small forts which ye were wont belay. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 281 It was by King Stephen belaied once or twise with sieges. 1648 G. Sandys Paraphr. Div. Poems: Deo Opt. Max. When Arabian Theeves belaid us round. †b. To beset or line (a way or passage) with armed men so as to intercept an enemy; or with anything for the use of those who pass. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > attack [verb (transitive)] > waylay (a road or position) belay1603 waylay1609 the mind > possession > supply > provide or supply (something) [verb (transitive)] > provide or supply (a person or thing) with anything > stock (a place, etc.) with something > line (a way) with supplies of something belay1603 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 945 Simon..had so belaid that strait, as that the Turkes could not..passe the same. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vi. xlv. 258/2 Constantine..hasted from Rome, hauing belaid al the way with Posthorses for the purpose. a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1677) ii. 44 Frederick..having belayed the ways made the Bishops..prisoners. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ix, in tr. Virgil Wks. 479 The speedy Horse all passages belay. †c. To waylay, lie in wait for (a person). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > hostile action or attack > make an attack upon [verb (transitive)] > lie in wait for keepc1000 waitc1200 aspya1250 awaita1250 wait onc1390 to wait on ——1390 forestall1413 belay1470 to lay fora1513 waylay1513 forelay1548 ambush1555 counterwait1562 to lie for1611 set1670 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur (1816) I. 273 All kings and knights of king Arthur's part belayed him, and waited for him. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 717 He was by certain Spaniards..belaid vpon the river Padus. 1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy I. xviii. 99 Other cases of danger which belay us in getting into the world. †d. figurative. To forestall, make preparations for. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > delay or postponement > delay [verb (transitive)] forslowc888 eldc897 forsita940 gele971 lengOE drilla1300 delayc1300 onfrestc1300 tarryc1320 jornc1330 dretchc1380 defer1382 forbida1387 to put offa1387 to put (also set) (something) in (or on) delaya1393 dilate1399 fordrawa1400 to put overc1410 latch?c1422 adjournc1425 prolongc1425 proloynec1425 rejournc1425 to put in respite1428 sleuthc1430 respitea1450 prorogue1453 refer1466 sleep1470 supersede1482 respectc1487 postpone1496 overseta1500 respett1500 enjourna1513 relong1523 retract1524 tarde1524 track1524 to fode forth1525 tract1527 protract1528 further1529 to make stay of1530 surcease1530 prorogate1534 to fay upon longc1540 linger1543 retard?1543 slake1544 procrastine1548 reprieve1548 remit1550 suspense1556 leave1559 shiftc1562 suspend1566 procrastinate1569 dally1574 post1577 to hold off1580 drift1584 loiter1589 postpose1598 to take one's (own) timea1602 flag1602 slug1605 elong1610 belay1613 demur1613 tardya1616 to hang up1623 frist1637 disjourn1642 future1642 off1642 waive1653 superannuate1655 perendinate1656 stave1664 detard1675 remora1686 to put back1718 withhold1726 protract1737 to keep over1847 to hold over1853 laten1860 to lay over1885 hold1891 back-burner1975 1613 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) sig. Kviii^v They who..haue entred into a confidence that they had belaied all euents. †3. To invest (words) with a sense or meaning. †a. To explain or expound (in some way). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > expound, explain [verb (transitive)] arecchec885 unloukOE overrunOE sutelec1000 trahtnec1000 unfolda1050 belayc1175 openc1175 onopena1200 accountc1300 undo?a1366 remenea1382 interpret1382 unwrap1387 exploitc1390 enlumine1393 declarec1400 expoundc1400 unplait?c1400 enperc1420 planea1425 clearc1440 exponec1440 to lay outc1440 to give (also carry) lightc1449 unwind1482 expose1483 reducea1500 manifest1530 explicate1531 explaina1535 unlock?1536 dilucidate1538 elucidate1538 illustrate1538 rechec1540 explicate1543 illucidate1545 enucleate1548 unsnarl1555 commonstrate1563 to lay forth1577 straighten1577 unbroid1577 untwist1577 decipherc1586 illuminate1586 enlighten1587 resolvec1592 cipher1594 eliquidate1596 to take (a person) with one1599 rivelc1600 ravel1604 unbowel1606 unmist1611 extricate1614 unbolta1616 untanglea1616 enode1623 unperplexa1631 perspicuate1634 explata1637 unravel1637 esclarea1639 clarify1642 unweave1642 detenebrate1646 dismystery1652 undecipher1654 unfork1654 unparadox1654 reflect1655 enodate1656 unmysterya1661 liquidatea1670 recognize1676 to clear upa1691 to throw sidelight on1726 to throw (also cast, shed) light on (also upon)1731 eclaircise1754 irradiate1864 unbraid1880 predigest1905 to get (something) straight1920 disambiguate1960 demystify1963 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 67 Þet we seggeð and þus þa wordes we bi-leggeð. a1250 Owl & Nightingale 903 Ȝet ich þe wile an oþer segge Ȝif þu hit const a riht bilegge. †b. To gloze (so as to conceal meaning). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > hidden or indirect meaning > communicate secretively [verb (transitive)] > conceal meaning belaya1250 a1250 Owl & Nightingale 672 He mot bi-hemmen and bi-legge. a1250 Owl & Nightingale 837 Alle thine wordes thu bileist, That hit thincth soth al that thu seist. †c. ? To illustrate by evidence or action. Obsolete. ΚΠ c1175 Lamb. Hom. 65 Gif we þos bode þus bileggeð. †4. (Predicated of the thing which lies around): To encircle, clasp or coil round (about). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > surrounding > surround or lie around [verb (transitive)] befong971 beclipc1000 begoc1000 belieOE bestandc1000 to go about ——OE umbegangc1200 behema1250 befallc1275 berunc1275 girdc1290 bihalvena1300 umlapa1300 umlaya1300 umlouka1300 umbegoc1300 belayc1320 halsea1340 enclose1340 umbelapa1350 embracec1360 betrendc1374 circlec1374 umbecasta1375 to give about1382 environa1393 umbeclipa1395 compassa1400 encircle?a1400 enourle?a1400 umbegivea1400 umbeseta1400 umbeliec1400 umbetighc1400 enroundc1420 measurec1425 umbsteadc1450 adviron?1473 purprise1481 umbeviron1489 belta1500 girtha1500 overgirda1500 engirt15.. envirea1513 round?a1513 brace1513 umbereach1513 becompass1520 circuea1533 girtc1540 umbsetc1540 circule1553 encompass1555 circulate?a1560 ingyre1568 to do about1571 engird1573 circumdate1578 succinge1578 employ1579 circuate1581 girdle1582 wheel1582 circumgyre1583 enring1589 ringa1592 embail1593 enfold1596 invier1596 stem1596 circumcingle1599 ingert1599 engirdle1602 circulize1603 circumscribe1605 begirt1608 to go round1610 enwheela1616 surround1616 shingle1621 encirculize1624 circumviron1632 beround1643 orba1644 circumference1646 becircle1648 incircuitc1650 circumcinge1657 circumtend1684 besiege1686 cincture1789 zone1795 cravat1814 encincture1820 circumvent1824 begirdle1837 perambulate1863 cordon1891 c1320 tr. J. Bonaventura Medit. 274 Sorwe ȝoure hertes haþ alle be leyd. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 1336 (MED) Þis tre..A nedder hit had aboute bi leide. 1836 W. S. Landor Lett. of Conservative 86 Under the slightest whipping that ever belayed the shoulders of malefactor.] 5. a. Nautical. To coil a running rope round a cleat, belaying pin, or kevel, so as to fasten or secure it; to fasten by so putting it round. Said especially of one of the small ropes, used for working the sails. Also in Mountaineering. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > bind or tie [verb (transitive)] > fasten with a loop or noose > coil (rope) around something belayc1550 belage1678 c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 32 Mak fast & belay. 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. ix. 42 To belay, is to make fast the ropes in their proper places. 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. ii. 10 Bits..are..placed abaft the Manger..to belay the Cable thereto. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Belay or Belage [see belage v.]..Belay the Sheat, or Tack, i.e. fasten it to the Kennel, etc. 1762 W. Falconer Shipwreck ii. 21 Taught aft the sheet, they tally, and belay. 1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast xxiii. 231 The weather cross-jack braces and the lee main braces are each belayed together upon two pins. 1910 J. M. Archer-Thomson Climbing in Ogwen District viii. 79 After belaying the rope to a bollard on the right, the second man can assist the leader to start. 1957 R. G. Collomb Dict. Mountaineering 28 Belay, to tie oneself, as a stationary member of a roped party, to a firm rock projection..or to a piton, etc...in order to secure oneself and to afford a safeguard to the moving climber. 1957 R. W. Clark & E. C. Pyatt Mountaineering in Brit. ix. 160 Belayed by the third man, the second steadies the leader's foot. b. transferred. To make fast, tie, secure. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > condition of being fast bound or firmly fixed > make fast [verb (transitive)] fastenOE firmc1374 comforta1382 to make (something) fasta1400 anchor1425 defix?a1475 harden?1523 steeve1554 lock1590 confixa1616 secure1615 succour1688 belay1751 sicker1824 snackle1887 1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle IV. xciv. 13 Pipes had found it very difficult to keep him [sc. Peregrine] fast belayed. 1802 W. Giffard Juvenal ii. 84 The distaff, to a block belay'd. 1849 R. Curzon Visits to Monasteries Levant 376 The bridle, which was safely belayed to the pack-saddle. c. Sailor's slang. ΚΠ 1790 C. Dibdin Coll. Songs I. 153 My timbers! What lingo he'd coil and belay. 1867 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighbourhood III. viii. 188 Belay there, and hearken. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 94 Belay there, stop! that is enough! Belay that yarn, we have had enough of it! †6. intransitive. To lay about one (sc. blows). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > strike or deliver blows [verb (intransitive)] > strike out flingc1380 bursta1450 to lash out1567 belay1598 outlash1611 slash1689 to throw out1772 to let out1840 to hit out1856 sock1856 1598 B. Yong tr. J. de Montemayor Diana 109 They belaied about them, passing actiue and nimble in lending blowes. †7. ? To lay down: but see allay v.¹ 12b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > wine-making > [verb (transitive)] > store wine or stock cellar maintain1480 belay1562 wine1647 to lay down1839 bin1841 1562 W. Turner Bk. Natures Bathes Eng. f. 5, in 2nd Pt. Herball Youre wyne must be cleare and well belayd, accordinge vnto..the streingth and wekenes of the wyne. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1906v.c893
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belayn.

Draft additions September 2015

belayv.