plano-comb. form¹

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin plānus , -o- connective.

Etymology: < classical Latin plānus flat, smooth, level (see plain adj.²) + -o- connective. In classical Latin the combining form was plāni- : see plani- comb. form.Formations in English first occur in the mid 17th cent. (compare planoconcave adj., planography n.) and remain common from then onwards. Formations in other languages occur occasionally from a similar date (e.g. French plano-convexe (1666: see planoconvex adj.), post-classical Latin plano-geometricus relating to plane geometry (1658), planometria (1650 or earlier: see planometry n.)). N.E.D. (1907) gives only the pronunciation (plēⁱno) /pleɪnəʊ/.

Of or relating to a plane or flat surface or position.

1. Chiefly Botany and Zoology. (Prefixed to adjectives of shape) forming adjectives denoting modification of a form towards a plane.

planocompressed adj.

Brit.

/ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)kəmˈprɛst/

U.S.

/ˌpleɪnoʊkəmˈprɛst/

ΚΠ

1839 J. Lindley School Bot. viii. 183 Seeds plano-compressed or winged at the apex.

1994 Brittonia 46 270 Pettogyne chrysopis, an emergent tree of Bahian Atlantic Forest notable for..planocompressed, elliptic-suborbicular fruits narrowly winged along the..suture.

plano-conical adj.

Brit.

/ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈkɒnᵻkl/

U.S.

/ˌpleɪnoʊˈkɑnək(ə)l/

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > [adjective] > conical > plane on one side

plano-conical1681

1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis i. iv. 75 Some few are Plano-Conical, whose Superfice is in part level between both ends.

1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 553 Corallum firm; cells..quite shallow, plano-conical.

1995 Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 113 267 Many keeled and/or planoconical forms.., as well as unkeeled groups..were surface or subsurface dwellers.

† plano-hemispherical adj. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 327 Cespitose, plano-hemispherical.

† plano-obconical adj. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 453 With a solid plano-obconical base.

plano-orbicular adj.

Brit.

/ˌpleɪnəʊɔːˈbɪkjᵿlə/

U.S.

/ˌpleɪnoʊɔrˈbɪkjələr/

ΚΠ

1907 N.E.D. at Plano- Plano-compressed,..-orbicular.

† plano-patellate adj. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1887 W. Phillips Man. Brit. Discomycetes 175 Gregarious, suberumpent, sessile, waxy, plano-patellate.

† plano-rotund adj. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 347 Subcylindrical,..plano-rotund at top.

plano-subulate adj.

Brit.

/ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈsʌbjᵿlət/

/ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈsʌbjᵿleɪt/

U.S.

/ˌpleɪnoʊˈsəbjəˌleɪt/

/ˌpleɪnoʊˈsəbjələt/

ΚΠ

1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. ii. xviii. 108 The Claws plano-subulate.

1923 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 10 296 Stamens 10, filaments plano-subulate, broadest downwards, strongly contracted and incurving above.

2. Forming adjectives denoting combination of a plane with another surface, esp. forming adjectives designating a lens, etc., that is plane on one side, and of another shape (denoted by the second element) on the other (cf. planoconcave adj., planoconvex adj.).

plano-cylindric adj.

Brit.

/ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)sᵻˈlɪndrɪk/

U.S.

/ˌpleɪnoʊsəˈlɪndrɪk/

rare = plano-cylindrical adj.

ΚΠ

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 541 If, in a straight wall, there be a cylindric aperture, continuing quite through it, two arches will be formed, called plano-cylindric arches.

plano-cylindrical adj.

Brit.

/ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)sᵻˈlɪndrᵻkl/

U.S.

/ˌpleɪnoʊsəˈlɪndrək(ə)l/

flat on one side and of a cylindrical form on the other.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [adjective] > half of cylinder

plano-cylindrical1712

semi-cylindrical1731

semicylindric1760

hemicylindrical1854

1712 Proposals for printing Treat. Art of Political Lying 7 He supposes the Soul to be of the Nature of a Plano-Cylindrical Speculum..; that the plain side was made by God Almighty, but that the Devil afterwards wrought the other side into a Cylindrical Figure.

1847 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 137 73 The combination of two plano-cylindrical glass lenses, as used in obtaining the register fig. 8, Plate IX., is here represented.

1964 S. Duke-Elder Parsons' Dis. Eye (ed. 14) vii. 74 The streak effect is obtained by using a plano-cylindrical retinoscopy mirror or a similarly adjusted electric retinoscope.

plano-spherical adj.

Brit.

/ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈsfɛrᵻkl/

U.S.

/ˌpleɪnoʊˈsfɪrək(ə)l/

/ˌpleɪnoʊˈsfɛrək(ə)l/

planoconvex, with the convex side having spherical curvature.

ΚΠ

1757 T. Birch Hist. Royal Soc. IV. 101 Mr Hooke shewed..a very expeditious way of finding all the possible foci of parallel rays refracted by a plano-spherical lens.

1997 Photo Trade News (Nexis) Mar. 24 The ports feature plano-spherical optical glass with O-rings seals.

3. Other compounds.

† plano-horizontal adj. Obsolete rare flat and horizontally situated.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > [adjective] > and horizontal

flatc1440

plano-horizontal1760

1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. ii. xx. 114 Vexillum, the Standard, a Petal covering the rest..plano-horizontal.

plano-miller n.

Brit.

/ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈmɪlə/

U.S.

/ˌpleɪnoʊˈmɪlər/

a milling machine with a flat bed that carries the workpiece and a sliding crosspiece that carries rotating cutters, used esp. for heavy planing.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > other specific machine tools > [noun] > milling > types of

plano-milling machine1905

plano-miller1906

planer-miller1943

1906 J. G. Horner Mod. Milling Machines v. 130 Plano-Millers or Slabbing Machines.—This is a name that seems most appropriate to designate that large and growing group of machines which is built on the model of the common planing machine, with bed, table, housings, and cross rail.

1963 Gen. Engin. Workshop Pract. (ed. 3) vi. 218/2 The plano-miller is a milling machine, but designed to execute certain work formerly confined to the planer.

2003 India Business Insight (Nexis) 31 Dec. The plant has a range of modern equipments like Plano-millers, floor borers, vertical turrets, lathes, shapers, and radial drills.

plano-milling machine n.

Brit.

/ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈmɪlɪŋ məˌʃiːn/

U.S.

/ˌpleɪnoʊˈmɪlɪŋ məˌʃin/

= plano-miller n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > other specific machine tools > [noun] > milling > types of

plano-milling machine1905

plano-miller1906

planer-miller1943

1905 T. R. Shaw Machine Tools vii. 478 Universal plano-milling machines are now constructed of any size with either one or two saddles carrying spindles on the cross-slide, just as with the tool-boxes of planing machines.

1964 S. Crawford Basic Engin. Processes vi. 154 A plano milling machine possesses several advantages as compared with the planing machine, including the reduction of non-cutting time, wider range of operations in one setting, and increased rate of production.

2003 Tooling & Production (Nexis) 1 Mar. 8 The machine tool line includes single- and double-column vertical turning and boring mills..; plano-milling machines, moving gantry-type milling machines, and moving table bridge-type milling machines.

† plano-solid adj. Mathematics Obsolete designating a number formed by the multiplication of five (prime) factors, i.e. by the multiplication of a product of two factors (a number representable as a plane rectangular figure whose sides represent its factors) and a product of three factors (a number representable as a solid cuboid figure whose sides represent its factors); cf. plane number n. at plane adj. Compounds 1, solid adj. 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [adjective] > produced in a certain way > produced by factors > of specific kinds

superficiala1398

evenly odd1570

oddly odd1570

plano-solida1679

a1679 T. Hobbes Seven Philos. Probl. (1682) viii. 82 There be some Numbers called Plain, others Solid, others Plano-solid.

plano-subcucullate adj.

Brit.

/ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)sʌbˈkjuːkəleɪt/

/ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)sʌbkjuːˈkʌleɪt/

U.S.

/ˌpleɪnoʊˌsəbkjuˈkəˌleɪt/

/ˌpleɪnoʊˌsəbˈkjukəˌleɪt/

/ˌpleɪnoʊˌsəbkjuˈkələt/

[ < plano- comb. form¹ + sub- prefix + cucullate adj.] rare having a flattened and slightly hooded shape.

ΚΠ

1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 336 Very broad explanate, and often plano-subcucullate.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	plano-
释义	plano-comb. form¹ Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin plānus , -o- connective. Etymology: < classical Latin plānus flat, smooth, level (see plain adj.²) + -o- connective. In classical Latin the combining form was plāni- : see plani- comb. form.Formations in English first occur in the mid 17th cent. (compare planoconcave adj., planography n.) and remain common from then onwards. Formations in other languages occur occasionally from a similar date (e.g. French plano-convexe (1666: see planoconvex adj.), post-classical Latin plano-geometricus relating to plane geometry (1658), planometria (1650 or earlier: see planometry n.)). N.E.D. (1907) gives only the pronunciation (plēⁱno) /pleɪnəʊ/. Of or relating to a plane or flat surface or position. 1. Chiefly Botany and Zoology. (Prefixed to adjectives of shape) forming adjectives denoting modification of a form towards a plane. planocompressed adj. Brit. /ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)kəmˈprɛst/ , U.S. /ˌpleɪnoʊkəmˈprɛst/ ΚΠ 1839 J. Lindley School Bot. viii. 183 Seeds plano-compressed or winged at the apex. 1994 Brittonia 46 270 Pettogyne chrysopis, an emergent tree of Bahian Atlantic Forest notable for..planocompressed, elliptic-suborbicular fruits narrowly winged along the..suture. plano-conical adj. Brit. /ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈkɒnᵻkl/ , U.S. /ˌpleɪnoʊˈkɑnək(ə)l/ ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > [adjective] > conical > plane on one side plano-conical1681 1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis i. iv. 75 Some few are Plano-Conical, whose Superfice is in part level between both ends. 1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 553 Corallum firm; cells..quite shallow, plano-conical. 1995 Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 113 267 Many keeled and/or planoconical forms.., as well as unkeeled groups..were surface or subsurface dwellers. † plano-hemispherical adj. Obsolete ΚΠ 1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 327 Cespitose, plano-hemispherical. † plano-obconical adj. Obsolete ΚΠ 1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 453 With a solid plano-obconical base. plano-orbicular adj. Brit. /ˌpleɪnəʊɔːˈbɪkjᵿlə/ , U.S. /ˌpleɪnoʊɔrˈbɪkjələr/ ΚΠ 1907 N.E.D. at Plano- Plano-compressed,..-orbicular. † plano-patellate adj. Obsolete ΚΠ 1887 W. Phillips Man. Brit. Discomycetes 175 Gregarious, suberumpent, sessile, waxy, plano-patellate. † plano-rotund adj. Obsolete ΚΠ 1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 347 Subcylindrical,..plano-rotund at top. plano-subulate adj. Brit. /ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈsʌbjᵿlət/ , /ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈsʌbjᵿleɪt/ , U.S. /ˌpleɪnoʊˈsəbjəˌleɪt/ , /ˌpleɪnoʊˈsəbjələt/ ΚΠ 1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. ii. xviii. 108 The Claws plano-subulate. 1923 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 10 296 Stamens 10, filaments plano-subulate, broadest downwards, strongly contracted and incurving above. 2. Forming adjectives denoting combination of a plane with another surface, esp. forming adjectives designating a lens, etc., that is plane on one side, and of another shape (denoted by the second element) on the other (cf. planoconcave adj., planoconvex adj.). plano-cylindric adj. Brit. /ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)sᵻˈlɪndrɪk/ , U.S. /ˌpleɪnoʊsəˈlɪndrɪk/ rare = plano-cylindrical adj. ΚΠ 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 541 If, in a straight wall, there be a cylindric aperture, continuing quite through it, two arches will be formed, called plano-cylindric arches. plano-cylindrical adj. Brit. /ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)sᵻˈlɪndrᵻkl/ , U.S. /ˌpleɪnoʊsəˈlɪndrək(ə)l/ flat on one side and of a cylindrical form on the other. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > cylinder > [adjective] > half of cylinder plano-cylindrical1712 semi-cylindrical1731 semicylindric1760 hemicylindrical1854 1712 Proposals for printing Treat. Art of Political Lying 7 He supposes the Soul to be of the Nature of a Plano-Cylindrical Speculum..; that the plain side was made by God Almighty, but that the Devil afterwards wrought the other side into a Cylindrical Figure. 1847 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 137 73 The combination of two plano-cylindrical glass lenses, as used in obtaining the register fig. 8, Plate IX., is here represented. 1964 S. Duke-Elder Parsons' Dis. Eye (ed. 14) vii. 74 The streak effect is obtained by using a plano-cylindrical retinoscopy mirror or a similarly adjusted electric retinoscope. plano-spherical adj. Brit. /ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈsfɛrᵻkl/ , U.S. /ˌpleɪnoʊˈsfɪrək(ə)l/ , /ˌpleɪnoʊˈsfɛrək(ə)l/ planoconvex, with the convex side having spherical curvature. ΚΠ 1757 T. Birch Hist. Royal Soc. IV. 101 Mr Hooke shewed..a very expeditious way of finding all the possible foci of parallel rays refracted by a plano-spherical lens. 1997 Photo Trade News (Nexis) Mar. 24 The ports feature plano-spherical optical glass with O-rings seals. 3. Other compounds. † plano-horizontal adj. Obsolete rare flat and horizontally situated. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > [adjective] > and horizontal flatc1440 plano-horizontal1760 1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. ii. xx. 114 Vexillum, the Standard, a Petal covering the rest..plano-horizontal. plano-miller n. Brit. /ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈmɪlə/ , U.S. /ˌpleɪnoʊˈmɪlər/ a milling machine with a flat bed that carries the workpiece and a sliding crosspiece that carries rotating cutters, used esp. for heavy planing. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > other specific machine tools > [noun] > milling > types of plano-milling machine1905 plano-miller1906 planer-miller1943 1906 J. G. Horner Mod. Milling Machines v. 130 Plano-Millers or Slabbing Machines.—This is a name that seems most appropriate to designate that large and growing group of machines which is built on the model of the common planing machine, with bed, table, housings, and cross rail. 1963 Gen. Engin. Workshop Pract. (ed. 3) vi. 218/2 The plano-miller is a milling machine, but designed to execute certain work formerly confined to the planer. 2003 India Business Insight (Nexis) 31 Dec. The plant has a range of modern equipments like Plano-millers, floor borers, vertical turrets, lathes, shapers, and radial drills. plano-milling machine n. Brit. /ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)ˈmɪlɪŋ məˌʃiːn/ , U.S. /ˌpleɪnoʊˈmɪlɪŋ məˌʃin/ = plano-miller n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > machine tool > other specific machine tools > [noun] > milling > types of plano-milling machine1905 plano-miller1906 planer-miller1943 1905 T. R. Shaw Machine Tools vii. 478 Universal plano-milling machines are now constructed of any size with either one or two saddles carrying spindles on the cross-slide, just as with the tool-boxes of planing machines. 1964 S. Crawford Basic Engin. Processes vi. 154 A plano milling machine possesses several advantages as compared with the planing machine, including the reduction of non-cutting time, wider range of operations in one setting, and increased rate of production. 2003 Tooling & Production (Nexis) 1 Mar. 8 The machine tool line includes single- and double-column vertical turning and boring mills..; plano-milling machines, moving gantry-type milling machines, and moving table bridge-type milling machines. † plano-solid adj. Mathematics Obsolete designating a number formed by the multiplication of five (prime) factors, i.e. by the multiplication of a product of two factors (a number representable as a plane rectangular figure whose sides represent its factors) and a product of three factors (a number representable as a solid cuboid figure whose sides represent its factors); cf. plane number n. at plane adj. Compounds 1, solid adj. 2b. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > [adjective] > produced in a certain way > produced by factors > of specific kinds superficiala1398 evenly odd1570 oddly odd1570 plano-solida1679 a1679 T. Hobbes Seven Philos. Probl. (1682) viii. 82 There be some Numbers called Plain, others Solid, others Plano-solid. plano-subcucullate adj. Brit. /ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)sʌbˈkjuːkəleɪt/ , /ˌpleɪnə(ʊ)sʌbkjuːˈkʌleɪt/ , U.S. /ˌpleɪnoʊˌsəbkjuˈkəˌleɪt/ , /ˌpleɪnoʊˌsəbˈkjukəˌleɪt/ , /ˌpleɪnoʊˌsəbkjuˈkələt/ [ < plano- comb. form¹ + sub- prefix + cucullate adj.] rare having a flattened and slightly hooded shape. ΚΠ 1846 J. D. Dana U.S. Exploring Exped.: Zoophytes 336 Very broad explanate, and often plano-subcucullate. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). plano-comb. form² Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Forms: Before a vowel or h plan- Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek πλανο-. Etymology: < ancient Greek πλανο-, combining form (in e.g. πλανοστιβής trodden by wanderers) of Hellenistic Greek πλάνος wandering (already in ancient Greek as a noun, denoting the action of wandering) < πλανᾶν to lead astray, in passive to wander (see planet n.); compare -o- connective.The combining form is first found in English in the mid-19th cent. (compare planuria n., planodia n.). It becomes more established in the latter part of the 19th cent. (compare e.g. planoblast n., planogamete n.), but remains uncommon. Biology. Categories » Forming nouns and adjectives with the sense ‘free-living, motile’, as planoblast n., planogamete n., planospore n. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2020). < comb. form¹a1679comb. form²
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plano-comb. form1

plano-comb. form2

plano-comb. form¹

plano-comb. form²