planishv.

Brit.

/ˈplanɪʃ/, U.S.

/ˈplænɪʃ/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French planiss-, planir.

Etymology: < Middle French planiss-, extended stem (compare -ish suffix²) of planir to smooth (15th cent.; French †planir ; compare Old French, Middle French, French aplanir ; compare also Middle French planisser (1530 in Palsgrave in an apparently isolated attestation)) < classical Latin plānus level, flat (see plain adj.²). Compare planisher n.Perhaps attested earlier in the following compound, although it is unclear whether the first element is to be interpreted as an instance of the verb or an abbreviation for planishing n.:1374 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1836) I. 92 Lego Willielmo..unum magnum stythy, unum planyssch stythy.

a. transitive. To flatten (sheet metal, a metal object, etc.) with a smooth-faced hammer, or by rubbing a flat-ended tool over the surface; to reduce in thickness (metal, esp. metal for making coins) by passing between rollers. Hence later also: to polish (paper, etc.) by means of a roller.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > paper-making > make paper [verb (transitive)] > specific processes

planish1361

calender1513

couch1751

watermarkc1800

part1809

satin1839

re-reel1860

to break in1865

hot press1875

tub-size1880

reslush1938

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > forge or shape > in specific way

batterc1380

beat1483

peena1522

hammer1522

malleate1598

extenuate1599

upset1678

planish1688

to set down1703

foliate1704

raise1774

skelp1803

tilt1825

jump1851

cold-hammer1858

stub1869

upend1932

ding1939

coin1940

1361 [implied in: 1361 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Wills Court of Husting (1890) II. 42 (MED) [He leaves one large] planyssyng-aneveld [and eight] planyssyng-hamers. (at planishing n.)].

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 150/2 Planish the Plate, is to beat it on a smooth Anvile, with a broad, smooth faced Hammer.

1747 R. Campbell London Tradesman Appendix 320 After the Plate..is cast and turned, it is then planished with a Hammer.

1799 F. T. Burton Artist's Arcanum 35 The silver is first annealed, and pickled in diluted spirits of salt; it is then planished.

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 725 The silver..is planished, and then scraped on the surface to be fitted on the copper.

1831 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal I. 333 Saws are manufactured..of iron, which is hammer-hardened, or planished on an anvil.

1863 Sci. Amer. 27 June 173/2 Machine for planishing paper... I claim the use of the smooth planishing roller, E, in combination with the pressure roller, D.

a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 688/2 Saw blades are planished to straighten them. Buckling is removed by planishing.

1964 H. Hodges Artifacts iv. 76 Much of it was clearly carefully planished by going over the surface with a light hammer.

1994 Sci. Amer. Apr. 63/3 The smith knew just how much to planish the sheet to give it the right amount of springiness.

b. transitive. gen. To make level or smooth; to level. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > make flat or level [verb (transitive)]

evenlOE

slighta1300

planec1350

complanec1420

levelc1450

dismount1563

planish1580

equalize1596

equal1610

to even out1613

flat1613

flattena1631

complanate1643

platten1688

reconcile1712

range1825

macadamize1826

lay1892

plata1903

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Esplanade, faire des esplanades, to planish and make euen the way.

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Piallare, to plane, to smooth or shaue boordes, to planish.

1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (1828) I. xv. 497 Then entering the cell, [they] place it at the angles and sides, &c. which they had previously planished.

†2. transitive. To plane or shave (something) away. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > perform general or industrial manufacturing processes [verb (transitive)] > smooth surface

planish1622

strip1831

surface1837

grind1888

1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 274 Those thinne shauings which your Ioyners planish away with their playners when they shaue their wainscoat.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	planish
释义	planishv. Brit. /ˈplanɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈplænɪʃ/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French planiss-, planir. Etymology: < Middle French planiss-, extended stem (compare -ish suffix²) of planir to smooth (15th cent.; French †planir ; compare Old French, Middle French, French aplanir ; compare also Middle French planisser (1530 in Palsgrave in an apparently isolated attestation)) < classical Latin plānus level, flat (see plain adj.²). Compare planisher n.Perhaps attested earlier in the following compound, although it is unclear whether the first element is to be interpreted as an instance of the verb or an abbreviation for planishing n.:1374 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1836) I. 92 Lego Willielmo..unum magnum stythy, unum planyssch stythy. 1. a. transitive. To flatten (sheet metal, a metal object, etc.) with a smooth-faced hammer, or by rubbing a flat-ended tool over the surface; to reduce in thickness (metal, esp. metal for making coins) by passing between rollers. Hence later also: to polish (paper, etc.) by means of a roller. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > paper-making > make paper [verb (transitive)] > specific processes planish1361 calender1513 couch1751 watermarkc1800 part1809 satin1839 re-reel1860 to break in1865 hot press1875 tub-size1880 reslush1938 society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > forge or shape > in specific way batterc1380 beat1483 peena1522 hammer1522 malleate1598 extenuate1599 upset1678 planish1688 to set down1703 foliate1704 raise1774 skelp1803 tilt1825 jump1851 cold-hammer1858 stub1869 upend1932 ding1939 coin1940 1361 [implied in: 1361 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Wills Court of Husting (1890) II. 42 (MED) [He leaves one large] planyssyng-aneveld [and eight] planyssyng-hamers. (at planishing n.)]. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 150/2 Planish the Plate, is to beat it on a smooth Anvile, with a broad, smooth faced Hammer. 1747 R. Campbell London Tradesman Appendix 320 After the Plate..is cast and turned, it is then planished with a Hammer. 1799 F. T. Burton Artist's Arcanum 35 The silver is first annealed, and pickled in diluted spirits of salt; it is then planished. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 725 The silver..is planished, and then scraped on the surface to be fitted on the copper. 1831 J. Holland Treat. Manuf. Metal I. 333 Saws are manufactured..of iron, which is hammer-hardened, or planished on an anvil. 1863 Sci. Amer. 27 June 173/2 Machine for planishing paper... I claim the use of the smooth planishing roller, E, in combination with the pressure roller, D. a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 688/2 Saw blades are planished to straighten them. Buckling is removed by planishing. 1964 H. Hodges Artifacts iv. 76 Much of it was clearly carefully planished by going over the surface with a light hammer. 1994 Sci. Amer. Apr. 63/3 The smith knew just how much to planish the sheet to give it the right amount of springiness. b. transitive. gen. To make level or smooth; to level. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > make flat or level [verb (transitive)] evenlOE slighta1300 planec1350 complanec1420 levelc1450 dismount1563 planish1580 equalize1596 equal1610 to even out1613 flat1613 flattena1631 complanate1643 platten1688 reconcile1712 range1825 macadamize1826 lay1892 plata1903 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Esplanade, faire des esplanades, to planish and make euen the way. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Piallare, to plane, to smooth or shaue boordes, to planish. 1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (1828) I. xv. 497 Then entering the cell, [they] place it at the angles and sides, &c. which they had previously planished. †2. transitive. To plane or shave (something) away. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > perform general or industrial manufacturing processes [verb (transitive)] > smooth surface planish1622 strip1831 surface1837 grind1888 1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. 274 Those thinne shauings which your Ioyners planish away with their playners when they shaue their wainscoat. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1361
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