plainsongn.

Brit.

/ˈpleɪnsɒŋ/, U.S.

/ˈpleɪnˌsɔŋ/,

/ˈpleɪnˌsɑŋ/

Forms: see plain adj.² and song n.¹; also late Middle English pleyngsong; Scottish pre-1700 playnsyng.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; partly modelled on a Latin lexical item, and partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: plain adj.², song n.¹

Etymology: < plain adj.² + song n.¹, after post-classical Latin cantus planus and Middle French plain chant (see plainchant n.).

Music.

1. Music developed for the unaccompanied unison singing of Christian liturgies, based on a system of modes (see mode n. 1c) and performed in free rhythm corresponding at least in part to the accentuation of the words, though often with considerable elaboration of the melody; the performance of such music.Applied chiefly to the music of the Western Church, which was most importantly systematized in the 4th cent. by St Ambrose, and in the 6th cent. by St Gregory the Great; see Gregorian adj. 1, and cf. Ambrosian adj.²

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > church music > plainchant > [noun]

Ambrosiana1225

plainsong1445

plain singing1537

Gregorian chant1653

plainchant1740

Gregoriana1873

vesper music1888

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > religious or devotional > [noun] > chanted > plainchant

plainsong1445

plain singing1537

Gregorian chant1653

plainchant1740

canto fermo1789

Gregoriana1873

vesper music1888

1445 Peebles Burgh Rec. I. 11 Thar sal na man be feit thairtil bot he that can sufficiandly syng playn sang to help Goddis service.

1448 in J. Raine Hist. Dunelmensis Scriptores Tres (1839) p. cccxv (MED) Johannes illos monachos Dunelmenses..sibi ad addiscendum diligenter et meliori modo..playnsange, prikenot, faburdon, dischaunte, et countre..informabit.

1513 in Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 6 362 Chapellanis that has vnderstandyng to syng plane sang, priket sang, and to do seruice efter the tenour of his foundation.

1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 11 I wysshe..that the laudable custome of Englande to teache chyldren their plainesong and priksong, were not so decayed.

a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 29 I lerned of him the gam, plean-song, and monie of the treables of the psalmes.

1655 tr. A. Semedo Hist. China i. ii. 54 The Bonzi do use Musick in their offices and mortuaries, the Tone whereof is not much unlike our Cantus firmus, or plainsong; though they have not formally either plain-song or Organ-note; for they do not raise, nor fal their voice immediately from a note to the next note or half-note.

1706 A. Bedford Temple Musick iii. 62 The first..Performance was done..by Plain Song; as the Psalms are..read in Cathedrals.

1759 A. Butler Lives Saints IV. 235 The saint established in all the churches of the north the use of Plain-song, which St. Gregory the Great instituted in the church musick.

1851 A. W. Pugin Chancel Screens 87 They sang the praises of God in the old plain song.

1878 Stainer in Queen's Printers' Bible-Aids 67 The tendency of recitation to develop into monotone and an irregular chant..is illustrated by the history of ‘plain song’ in the early Christian Church.

1895 H. B. Briggs in Elem. Plainsong 1 Plainsong or Cantus planus—even, level, plain song—is perfectly distinct from cantus figuratus, or mensuratus, i.e. harmonised, measured music, from which it essentially differs in tonality and rhythm... In plainsong the accents occur irregularly, thus making the rhythm free, but subject to certain laws of proportion which satisfy the ear.

1977 E. Heath Travels vi. 136 The unaccompanied choir was chanting plainsong, the earliest and simplest form of ecclesiastical music.

2002 Cathedral Music Oct. 46/1 The cathedral choir has a very important role to play in preserving the tradition of singing plainsong and polyphony.

2. A simple or principal melody, as accompanied by a running melody or ‘descant’ (see descant n.). Chiefly figurative and in figurative contexts. Now rare and poetic.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [noun] > part in harmony or counterpoint > melody or ground

plainsonga1450

ground1592

melody1728

cantilena1740

canto1782

canto fermo1789

air1813

cantus firmus1847

cantus1887

musica plana1940

a1450 L. Power Treat. on Counterpoint in Speculum (1935) 10 248 (MED) Here folwith ensaumplis of diuerse playn-songis, hou þu shalt discant hem be diuerse wise, and hou þu shalt discant be-twene la & vt & vt la.

?a1500 R. Cutell Treat. Descant in F. Mercer Burney's Gen. Hist. Music (1935) I. 701 (MED) The sighte of discant is sum-tyme beneth the playne songe and sum-tyme a-bown & sum-tyme with the playne songe.

a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Biv^v Without mencion of them [ladies], you can make no sporte: They are your Playne songe to sing Descant vpon.

1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 70 When a man talketh of a Descanter, it must be vnderstood of one that can extempore sing a part upon a playnesong.

1607 T. Tomkis Lingua i. i. sig. A3 Ling. Nay good Auditus doe but heare me speake. Aud. Lingua thou strik'st too much upon one string, Thy teadious plaine-song grates my tender eares. Ling. 'Tis plaine indeed, for Truth no descant needs.

1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xiii. 184 Running, Leaping, and Dancing, the descants on the plain song of walking.

1659 H. Thorndike Epil. Trag. Church of Eng. i. 212 Ecclesiasticus..descants indeed upon Solomon's plain song in the VIII^th and IX^th of the Proverbs.

a1970 J. V. Cunningham Poems (1997) 84 A descant on the plainsong of persistence.

1990 C. Urdang Alternative Lives 30 As if numberless black-shawled women have given tongue In the rain that thrums all night among the leaves To counterpoint the plainsong of their lives.

Compounds

General attributive.

ΚΠ

1552 in Proc. Suffolk Inst. Arch. (1939) 23 133 Robt. Legget for ii playn song bokes, xxiid.

a1577 G. Gascoigne Grief of Joye iv., in Compl. Wks. (1910) II. 549 Thus much I syng, because my playnesong note, Must yett be herd, much lowder then before.

1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. i. 124 The Fynch, the Sparrowe, and the Larke, The plainsong Cuckow gray.

a1646 J. Gregory Posthuma (1649) 53 The same Creed hath been most certainly Sung..in a plain Song-fashion, ever since the date of the Councel [of Nice] it self.

1925 R. Dunstan Cycl. Dict. Music (ed. 4) 555/2 Virga (L.) ‘A twig’. A square note with a stem or tail... The plainsong Virga is interpreted as a quaver.

1948 C. Day Lewis Poems 1943–7 56 Heath and harebell intone a plainsong grief.

1993 Classic CD June 56/3 Litanies, with its delicate a capella passages, plainsong reminiscences and Stravinskian influences, is beautifully handled.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	plainsong
释义	plainsongn. Brit. /ˈpleɪnsɒŋ/, U.S. /ˈpleɪnˌsɔŋ/, /ˈpleɪnˌsɑŋ/ Forms: see plain adj.² and song n.¹; also late Middle English pleyngsong; Scottish pre-1700 playnsyng. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; partly modelled on a Latin lexical item, and partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: plain adj.², song n.¹ Etymology: < plain adj.² + song n.¹, after post-classical Latin cantus planus and Middle French plain chant (see plainchant n.). Music. 1. Music developed for the unaccompanied unison singing of Christian liturgies, based on a system of modes (see mode n. 1c) and performed in free rhythm corresponding at least in part to the accentuation of the words, though often with considerable elaboration of the melody; the performance of such music.Applied chiefly to the music of the Western Church, which was most importantly systematized in the 4th cent. by St Ambrose, and in the 6th cent. by St Gregory the Great; see Gregorian adj. 1, and cf. Ambrosian adj.² ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > church music > plainchant > [noun] Ambrosiana1225 plainsong1445 plain singing1537 Gregorian chant1653 plainchant1740 Gregoriana1873 vesper music1888 society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > religious or devotional > [noun] > chanted > plainchant plainsong1445 plain singing1537 Gregorian chant1653 plainchant1740 canto fermo1789 Gregoriana1873 vesper music1888 1445 Peebles Burgh Rec. I. 11 Thar sal na man be feit thairtil bot he that can sufficiandly syng playn sang to help Goddis service. 1448 in J. Raine Hist. Dunelmensis Scriptores Tres (1839) p. cccxv (MED) Johannes illos monachos Dunelmenses..sibi ad addiscendum diligenter et meliori modo..playnsange, prikenot, faburdon, dischaunte, et countre..informabit. 1513 in Trans. Royal Hist. Soc. 6 362 Chapellanis that has vnderstandyng to syng plane sang, priket sang, and to do seruice efter the tenour of his foundation. 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 11 I wysshe..that the laudable custome of Englande to teache chyldren their plainesong and priksong, were not so decayed. a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 29 I lerned of him the gam, plean-song, and monie of the treables of the psalmes. 1655 tr. A. Semedo Hist. China i. ii. 54 The Bonzi do use Musick in their offices and mortuaries, the Tone whereof is not much unlike our Cantus firmus, or plainsong; though they have not formally either plain-song or Organ-note; for they do not raise, nor fal their voice immediately from a note to the next note or half-note. 1706 A. Bedford Temple Musick iii. 62 The first..Performance was done..by Plain Song; as the Psalms are..read in Cathedrals. 1759 A. Butler Lives Saints IV. 235 The saint established in all the churches of the north the use of Plain-song, which St. Gregory the Great instituted in the church musick. 1851 A. W. Pugin Chancel Screens 87 They sang the praises of God in the old plain song. 1878 Stainer in Queen's Printers' Bible-Aids 67 The tendency of recitation to develop into monotone and an irregular chant..is illustrated by the history of ‘plain song’ in the early Christian Church. 1895 H. B. Briggs in Elem. Plainsong 1 Plainsong or Cantus planus—even, level, plain song—is perfectly distinct from cantus figuratus, or mensuratus, i.e. harmonised, measured music, from which it essentially differs in tonality and rhythm... In plainsong the accents occur irregularly, thus making the rhythm free, but subject to certain laws of proportion which satisfy the ear. 1977 E. Heath Travels vi. 136 The unaccompanied choir was chanting plainsong, the earliest and simplest form of ecclesiastical music. 2002 Cathedral Music Oct. 46/1 The cathedral choir has a very important role to play in preserving the tradition of singing plainsong and polyphony. 2. A simple or principal melody, as accompanied by a running melody or ‘descant’ (see descant n.). Chiefly figurative and in figurative contexts. Now rare and poetic. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [noun] > part in harmony or counterpoint > melody or ground plainsonga1450 ground1592 melody1728 cantilena1740 canto1782 canto fermo1789 air1813 cantus firmus1847 cantus1887 musica plana1940 a1450 L. Power Treat. on Counterpoint in Speculum (1935) 10 248 (MED) Here folwith ensaumplis of diuerse playn-songis, hou þu shalt discant hem be diuerse wise, and hou þu shalt discant be-twene la & vt & vt la. ?a1500 R. Cutell Treat. Descant in F. Mercer Burney's Gen. Hist. Music (1935) I. 701 (MED) The sighte of discant is sum-tyme beneth the playne songe and sum-tyme a-bown & sum-tyme with the playne songe. a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Biv^v Without mencion of them [ladies], you can make no sporte: They are your Playne songe to sing Descant vpon. 1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 70 When a man talketh of a Descanter, it must be vnderstood of one that can extempore sing a part upon a playnesong. 1607 T. Tomkis Lingua i. i. sig. A3 Ling. Nay good Auditus doe but heare me speake. Aud. Lingua thou strik'st too much upon one string, Thy teadious plaine-song grates my tender eares. Ling. 'Tis plaine indeed, for Truth no descant needs. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xiii. 184 Running, Leaping, and Dancing, the descants on the plain song of walking. 1659 H. Thorndike Epil. Trag. Church of Eng. i. 212 Ecclesiasticus..descants indeed upon Solomon's plain song in the VIII^th and IX^th of the Proverbs. a1970 J. V. Cunningham Poems (1997) 84 A descant on the plainsong of persistence. 1990 C. Urdang Alternative Lives 30 As if numberless black-shawled women have given tongue In the rain that thrums all night among the leaves To counterpoint the plainsong of their lives. Compounds General attributive. ΚΠ 1552 in Proc. Suffolk Inst. Arch. (1939) 23 133 Robt. Legget for ii playn song bokes, xxiid. a1577 G. Gascoigne Grief of Joye iv., in Compl. Wks. (1910) II. 549 Thus much I syng, because my playnesong note, Must yett be herd, much lowder then before. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. i. 124 The Fynch, the Sparrowe, and the Larke, The plainsong Cuckow gray. a1646 J. Gregory Posthuma (1649) 53 The same Creed hath been most certainly Sung..in a plain Song-fashion, ever since the date of the Councel [of Nice] it self. 1925 R. Dunstan Cycl. Dict. Music (ed. 4) 555/2 Virga (L.) ‘A twig’. A square note with a stem or tail... The plainsong Virga is interpreted as a quaver. 1948 C. Day Lewis Poems 1943–7 56 Heath and harebell intone a plainsong grief. 1993 Classic CD June 56/3 Litanies, with its delicate a capella passages, plainsong reminiscences and Stravinskian influences, is beautifully handled. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1445
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