plateletn.
/ˈpleɪtlᵻt/, U.S. /ˈpleɪtlᵻt/ 1. A small or minute plate (in various senses of the noun).
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the world > space > shape > condition of being broad in relation to thickness > [noun] > object > small
platelet1879
1879 Marion (Ohio) Daily Star 7 Feb. Proud Melinda passes Her little platelet back for more.
1895 Daily News 13 Aug. 6/1 The armour of these strange animals consisted of either circular or many-sided plates, encircled by a rim of smaller polygonal platelets.
a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xv. 409 The mollusc's shell..consists of platelets of calcium carbonate laid down along with an organic matrix called conchin.
1970 Physics Bull. July 322/1 The crystal..is then sliced into platelets 50 μm or so thick.
1997 G. S. Helfman et al. Diversity of Fishes xix. 338 (caption) Cross section through the body of a bleak..to show orientation of the reflective platelets in silvery fishes.
2. Physiology. More fully blood platelet. Any of numerous small, colourless, flattened corpuscles found in the blood of mammals, which are formed from the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes and are active in the process of coagulation. Also called thrombocyte.
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the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood > components of blood > blood corpuscle or plate > [noun]
blood corpuscle1838
disc1839
blood cell1841
corpuscle1845
haematoblast1876
blood plate1882
plaquette1883
blood plaque1884
plaque1884
blood platelet1888
platelet1888
haemad1891
thrombocyte1893
blood disc1902
blast cell1947
1888 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (ed. 5) I. i. 48 For various reasons blood platelets have been supposed to play an important part in the clotting of blood.
1893 Proc. Royal Soc. 1892–3 52 267 Excluding red blood corpuscles and platelets.., the following forms are found [in the blood and lymph of the frog].
1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 400 A minute spindle-shaped body, the hæmatoblast, not unlike a blood platelet.
1910 H. W. Armit tr. P. Ehrlich & A. Lazarus Anæmia iv. 203 He then determined the relative proportions of the platelets to the blood corpuscles.
1955 Sci. News Let. 14 May 320/3 Platelets, tiny cell fragments found in the blood, arrest bleeding by sticking to the edge of the wound and to each other until they pile up into a little cork that fills the hole.
1991 Pract. Health Jan. 44/3 At the other end of the spectrum are people with an overactive clotting system, perhaps because they have too many platelets.
Compounds
platelet-activating factor n. Physiology a cytokine involved in a number of processes, esp. platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis, which is released from a variety of cells including basophils and neutrophils (abbreviated PAF).
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1972 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 136 1356 (title) Leukocyte-dependent histamine release from rabbit platelets. The role of IgE, basophils, and a platelet-activating factor.
1989 Lancet 13 May 1071/1 We share your..excitement..about..platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonists in asthma.
1994 D. Tulchinsky & A. B. Little Maternal–Fetal Endocrinol. (ed. 2) xvii. 338/1 Platelet activating factor is a phosphocholine and has been shown to be released by..human embryos within hours of fertilization.
platelet-aggregating factor n. Physiology any of several substances (including platelet-activating factor, calpain, etc.) that cause platelet aggregation.
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1970 Thrombosis & Diarethis Haemorrhagica 23 423 (title) Absent plasma second phase platelet aggregation factor in a patient with Hageman trait.]
1973 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 70 2814 The studies reported here re-examine the association of bovine platelet-aggregating factor (PAF) and AHF.
2002 Crit. Care Med. 30 1488 In parallel, platelet-aggregating factor and interleukin-1beta as well as the specific activities of phospholipase A2..significantly increased.
platelet count n. the number of platelets in a stated volume of blood; a calculation of this.
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the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > measure > [noun] > count
cell count1899
plate count1901
platelet count1909
1909 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 11 542 In the experiments careful erythrocyte and leukocyte counts have been made and then the platelet count obtained by the indirect method, i.e., by ascertaining their number relative to that of the red blood cells in fresh preparations and checking this result by the relative number in carefully made stained smears.
1966 Lancet 24 Dec. 1384/1 The platelet-count gradually recovered after the drugs had been stopped.
2002 Borneo Post 18 Nov. 16/2 If platelet counts are very low, minor injuries or trauma can become very serious if the patient continues to bleed.
platelet-derived growth factor n. Physiology a cytokine composed of two homologous polypeptide chains, produced by platelets, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and various other types of cell, and having the main function of stimulating the division of mesenchymal cells and promoting wound healing (abbreviated PDGF).
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1977 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74 4481 The induction of DNA synthesis in quiescent BALB/s 3T3 cells can be resolved into at least two phases, controlled by different serum components: (i) competence, induced by the platelet-derived growth factor [etc].
1991 D. J. Weatherall New Genetics & Clin. Pract. (ed. 3) xi. 329 The purification of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) was finally achieved in the late 1970s and..this work was linked up with the oncogene field.
2001 Science 31 Aug. 1603/1 Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and angiopoietin are essential for vessel wall stabilization.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.1879