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单词 placate
释义

placaten.

Brit. /ˈplakᵻt/, U.S. /ˈplækət/
Forms: 1500s placcatt, 1500s–1600s placcat, 1600s placcate, 1600s 1800s– placate, 1600s–1700s placaet, 1700s 1900s– placaat (historical); also Scottish pre-1700 placat, pre-1700 placatt, pre-1700 placcat, pre-1700 placcatt, pre-1700 plackatt, pre-1700 plakkat, 1800s placaat.
Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: placard n.
Etymology: Apparently a variant of placard n., influenced partly by -ate suffix1 and partly by either Dutch plakkaat (Middle Dutch plakaet) or Middle Low German plakāt: see placard n. Compare post-classical Latin placatum piece of plate armour (see placard n.). Compare placket n.1
Now historical.
1. Scottish. = placard n. 5. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > announcing or proclaiming > [noun] > an announcement or proclamation
ban1297
proclamationa1325
pronouncing1442
pronunciationc1455
annunciationa1500
announcement1512
placard1560
placate1567
bando1598
bill1642
declaration1659
advertisement1692
noration1799
pronunciamiento1832
1567 in D. Calderwood Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1843) II. 352 Bruited and calumniated by placats presentlie affixed on publick places of the burgh of Edinburgh.
1670 Kirkcaldy Burgh Rec. (1908) 19 Dec. Plackatts.
1675 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1881) 3rd Ser. IV. 495 The said Charles Lindsey caused some hyrelinges..to read..before the congregation then conveined placatts and paschalls most disgracefully.
2.
a. Scottish. = placard n. 4a. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [noun] > document which permits or authorizes
placard1482
warranta1513
placket1571
placate1572
licence1598
permission1607
purwanah1619
permit1649
furlougha1658
legitimation1660
chitty1698
chop1699
cedula1724
ticket of leave1732
chit1757
stiff1892
1572 in Cal. State Papers Scotl. (1905) IV. 373 Seing samony horsses as I have loissit it had bene hard to persuade me that I suld have been refused of a placat.
1577 in W. Fraser Douglas Bk. (1885) IV. 233 [Please] send ȝour ȝoung hors with hym that I may se gif I lyk hym or nocht. Gif I pleis hym, thair salbe na danger to ȝow, seing I haif ane plakkat for ȝour warrand.
b. An official announcement or edict; spec.= placard n. 4c. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > [noun] > edict, decree, ordinance, or institute > of States General in Netherlands
placard1586
placate1589
1589 Ancaster Papers ( O.S.) 13 May (R.R.O.) [Draft of Ld. Willoughby's Defence against] slaunders by a placcat.
1601 J. Wheeler Treat. Commerce 41 Those foresaid Placates, Edictes and Prohibitions, made against the English.
1678 A. Marvell Acct. Growth Popery (new ed.) 13 For revoking their Placaets against Wine, Brandy, and French Manufactures.
1685 C. Williams tr. R. Le Vayer de Boutigny Famous Romance Tarsis & Zelie iv. 117 They were commanded this Morning to publish in Gonnes a Placaet to all persons to discover Philadephe dead or alive, prohibiting his concealment upon pain of death.
1705 tr. W. Bosman New Descr. Coast of Guinea 6 This Trade..is in Effect, to Rob the West-India Company of the advantage of their Placaat or Patent obtain'd from the States-General.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Placaert or Placaet, (Dutch) a Proclamation or Ordinance, by the States of Holland.
1946 L. G. Green Few are Free i. 13 The Council of the Dutch East India Company issued a ‘Placaat’ forbidding the importation of Malay slaves.
1988 E. G. Stanley & T. F. Hoad Words: for Robert Burchfield's 65th Birthday 75 It is from this placaat that the expression Lion and Tiger money arose.
3.
a. A slit in a garment; = placket n.1 2. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > shirt > part of > slit
placket1595
placate1598
fent1611
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iii. i. 179 Dan Cupid, Regent of Loue-rimes, Lord of folded armes... Dread Prince of Placcats, King of Codpeeces. View more context for this quotation
b. = placket n.1 1. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1626 W. Rowley Birth of Merlin (1662) iii. i. sig. D2v The Childe has never a Father; nor we have no more mony to seek after him, a shame of all lecherous placcats.
4. A piece of armour consisting of an iron or steel plate worn over the cuirass; = placard n. 1a. Also: a leather jacket or doublet lined with strips of steel, worn under the outer armour.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [noun] > breast- or back-plate
placard1481
placket1626
placate1632
society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [noun] > plate-coat or -jacket > worn under outer armour
placate1632
1632 J. Cruso Mil. Instr. Cavallrie i. xxii. 29 [A breast] calliver proof (by addition of the placcate).
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xix. 166/2 They..haue vnder their Armour a good Buffe coate, or a Placcate or an under brest plate to make them caliver proofe.
1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour x. 204 The plates..placed in front of the shoulders were placates; but when the shoulders were covered by the reinforce-plates, they were distinguished as pauldrons.
1938 Burlington Mag. Mar. 132/1 The breastplate, like the last, has no placate.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

placateadj.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin plācātus.
Etymology: < classical Latin plācātus kindly disposed, merciful, peaceful, calm, use as adjective of past participle of plācāre placate v. Compare earlier placable adj. 2, placation n., placatory adj., and later placate v.
Obsolete. rare.
Composed; placid.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > calmness > [adjective]
eveneOE
still1340
unperturbeda1450
unmovedc1480
quietful1494
lowna1500
calma1568
calmya1586
unpassionatea1586
smartless1593
reposeful1594
dispassionate1595
recollected1595
unaffectedc1595
unpassioned?1605
unpassionated1611
collecteda1616
tranquila1616
untouched1616
impassionate1621
composed1628
dispassioneda1631
tranquillous1638
slow1639
serene1640
dispassionated1647
imperturbed1652
unruffled1654
reposing1655
equanimous1656
perplacid1660
placate1662
equal1680
collect1682
cooled1682
posed1693
sedate1693
impassive1699
uninflamed1714
unexcited1735
unalarmed1756
unfanned1764
unagitated1772
undistraught1773
recollected1792
equable1796
unfussy1823
take-it-easy1825
unflurried1854
cool1855
comfortable1856
disimpassioned1860
tremorless1869
unpressured1879
unrippled1883
ice-cool1891
unrattled1891
Zen-likea1908
unrestless1919
steadyish1924
ataractic1941
relaxed1958
nonplussed1960
loose1968
Zenned-out1968
downtempo1972
mellowed1977
de-stressed1999
1662 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 3rd Pt. 560 When are you more placate and serene?
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2020).

placatev.

Brit. /pləˈkeɪt/, U.S. /ˈpleɪˌkeɪt/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin plācāt-, plācāre.
Etymology: < classical Latin plācāt-, past participial stem (compare -ate suffix3) of plācāre to make favourably disposed, to conciliate, to appease, probably related to placēre to please (see placet int. and n.). Compare earlier placable adj. 2, placation n., placatory adj., placate adj. N.E.D. (1907) also gives the pronunciations (plēi·keit, plæ·keit) /ˈpleɪkeɪt/ /ˈplækeɪt/.
transitive. To make (a person) less angry or hostile; to pacify, conciliate; to propitiate.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > bringing about concord or peace > bring to peace (strife or discord) [verb (transitive)] > appease or propitiate
soft?c1225
queema1325
appeasec1374
pleasea1382
softena1382
mollifya1450
pacifya1500
apeace1523
temper1525
mitigatea1535
qualify?c1550
thaw1582
propitiate1583
aslake1590
smooth1608
to lay down1629
addulce1655
sweeten1657
acquiesce1659
gentle1663
palliate1678
placate1678
conciliate1782
to pour oil on the waters (also on troubled waters)1847
square1859
square1945
1678 R. Cudworth tr. Aratus in True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 476 Therefore is He always Propitiated and Placated both First and Last.
a1749 A. S. Catcott Serm. by Late Reverend A. S. Catcott (1752) 86 Our Lord hath..satisfied God's justice, placated his anger, and remov'd the effects of it.
1791 J. Townsend Journey Spain (1792) III. 14 Solicitous to placate an offended deity.
1868 E. Edwards Life Sir W. Ralegh I. xiii. 249 Nottingham..wrote earnestly to Essex, trying to placate him.
1894 J. Knight D. Garrick vi. 97 A victory so complete..failed to placate the indignant young actress.
1932 W. Faulkner Light in August viii. 185 He still believed that Max and Mame had to be placated, not for the actual fact, but because of his presence there.
1968 V. S. Pritchett Cab at Door viii. 140 When we went there, he was always irritated and Miss H had to placate him and quietly take our side.
2001 Times 27 Feb. ii. 24/4 In Fiji, until 150 years ago, cannibalism was an extreme act of power that placated the gods.

Derivatives

plaˈcated adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > bringing about concord or peace > [adjective] > appeasing or propitiatory > appeased
mitigate?a1475
propitiate1551
pacate1645
propitiated1659
placated1710
mollified1849
1710 G. Hickes Second Coll. Controv. Lett. relating to Church Eng., & Church Rome p. lx The common Notion that all Religions have of a Sacrifice, or Sacrificial Mystery of which the Offerers partake at the Tables of their placated, and atoned Gods.
1735 D. Forbes Thoughts on Relig. (1747) 10 To approach, and rely on the protection and beneficence of a placated Deity.
1867 F. H. Ludlow Little Briggs & I 223 The stern but placated bosoms of Barker and Moodle.
2002 Age (Melbourne) 15 June 4 Is..the current adversarial planning process..capable of producing a great city. ‘Or is it going to produce a lot of placated residents and a whole pile of mediocrity?’
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1567adj.1662v.1678
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