piranhan.

Brit.

/pᵻˈrɑːnə/, U.S.

/pəˈrɑn(j)ə/

Forms: 1700s pirhanha, 1700s 1900s– piraya (now rare), 1800s peraya, 1800s piránha, 1800s piranho, 1800s– piranha, 1900s perania (rare).

Origin: A borrowing from Portuguese. Etymon: Portuguese piranha.

Etymology: < Portuguese piranha (1587; compare piray (1555), given as a Tupi word in a Portuguese source) < Tupi pi'rãia < pi'ra fish + 'ãia teeth. Compare perai n. N.E.D. (1907) gives the pronunciation as (pirā·n^yă) /pɪˈraːɲa/.

1. Any of several deep-bodied, predatory, gregarious fishes of the freshwater genera Serrasalmus, Pygocentrus, and related genera of the family Characidae, native to South America and noted for their aggressiveness, powerful dentition, and voracity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Characoidei > member of family Serrasalmidae (piranha)

perai1769

caribe1820

devil fish1860

piranha1869

serrasalmonoid1880

1710 tr. F. Cauche Voy. Madagascar 59 They often snap off a Man's Arm or Leg in swiming. The Brasilians call it Piraya and Pirhanha [Fr. les Brasiliens l'appellent Piraya, & Pirhanha].

1763 R. Brookes New Syst. Nat. Hist. III. 162 The piraya, and piranha of the Brasilians, is a foot in length.

1785 W. F. Mavor New Dict. Nat. Hist. Piranha, an appellation given by the Americans to the more usually denominated piraya.

1854 R. Elwes Sketcher's Tour Round World 63 Piranhos (Myletes macropomus).

1862 J. G. Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. III. 329 The peraya, or pirai has been removed from the Salmonidae and placed in another family.

1863 H. W. Bates Naturalist on River Amazons II. ii. 90 Piránhas are of several kinds, many of which abound in the waters of the Tapajos.

1869 R. F. Burton Explor. Highlands Brazil II. 33 The poor almost live upon the..dreadful Piranha.

1904 G. A. Boulenger in Cambr. Nat. Hist. VII. 578 The ‘Piranha’ or ‘Cariba’ (Serrasalmo)..whose bite has been compared to the cut of a razor.

1931 J. R. Norman Hist. Fishes vii. 130 Another fish which is renowned for its ferocity is the Caribe or Piraya (Serrasalmus).

1960 T. Hughes Lupercal 20 Even the Amazon's taxed and patrolled To set laws by the few jaws—Piranha and jaguar.

1977 Time (Atlantic ed.) 19 Sept. 64/1 (advt.) Feel Tom Sterling's apprehension, when obliged to take a dip in the piranha-infested Amazon.

2001 D. Schoemperlen Our Lady of Lost & Found xv. 195 The left side of the store was lined with fish tanks: goldfish, guppies,..and three small piranhas.

2. figurative. An aggressive, predatory, or voracious person, animal, etc.attributive in quot. a1963.

ΚΠ

a1963 S. Plath Ariel (1965) 40 They are panes of ice, A vice of knives, A piranha Religion.

1977 Times 14 Mar. 19/6 Gayle Hunnicutt turned Sarah Pocock into a deceptively girlish piranha who..planned to nibble into tiny pieces everyone in sight.

1993 New Mexico's 1993 State Fair 12 Sept. 8/1 Border collies are a study in intensity that pushes the edge of sanity at times. They are sheep dogs of course, but they are the piranhas of sheep dogs.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	piranha
释义	piranhan. Brit. /pᵻˈrɑːnə/, U.S. /pəˈrɑn(j)ə/ Forms: 1700s pirhanha, 1700s 1900s– piraya (now rare), 1800s peraya, 1800s piránha, 1800s piranho, 1800s– piranha, 1900s perania (rare). Origin: A borrowing from Portuguese. Etymon: Portuguese piranha. Etymology: < Portuguese piranha (1587; compare piray (1555), given as a Tupi word in a Portuguese source) < Tupi pi'rãia < pi'ra fish + 'ãia teeth. Compare perai n. N.E.D. (1907) gives the pronunciation as (pirā·n^yă) /pɪˈraːɲa/. 1. Any of several deep-bodied, predatory, gregarious fishes of the freshwater genera Serrasalmus, Pygocentrus, and related genera of the family Characidae, native to South America and noted for their aggressiveness, powerful dentition, and voracity. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > superorder Ostariophysi or order Cypriniformes > [noun] > suborder Characoidei > member of family Serrasalmidae (piranha) perai1769 caribe1820 devil fish1860 piranha1869 serrasalmonoid1880 1710 tr. F. Cauche Voy. Madagascar 59 They often snap off a Man's Arm or Leg in swiming. The Brasilians call it Piraya and Pirhanha [Fr. les Brasiliens l'appellent Piraya, & Pirhanha]. 1763 R. Brookes New Syst. Nat. Hist. III. 162 The piraya, and piranha of the Brasilians, is a foot in length. 1785 W. F. Mavor New Dict. Nat. Hist. Piranha, an appellation given by the Americans to the more usually denominated piraya. 1854 R. Elwes Sketcher's Tour Round World 63 Piranhos (Myletes macropomus). 1862 J. G. Wood Illustr. Nat. Hist. III. 329 The peraya, or pirai has been removed from the Salmonidae and placed in another family. 1863 H. W. Bates Naturalist on River Amazons II. ii. 90 Piránhas are of several kinds, many of which abound in the waters of the Tapajos. 1869 R. F. Burton Explor. Highlands Brazil II. 33 The poor almost live upon the..dreadful Piranha. 1904 G. A. Boulenger in Cambr. Nat. Hist. VII. 578 The ‘Piranha’ or ‘Cariba’ (Serrasalmo)..whose bite has been compared to the cut of a razor. 1931 J. R. Norman Hist. Fishes vii. 130 Another fish which is renowned for its ferocity is the Caribe or Piraya (Serrasalmus). 1960 T. Hughes Lupercal 20 Even the Amazon's taxed and patrolled To set laws by the few jaws—Piranha and jaguar. 1977 Time (Atlantic ed.) 19 Sept. 64/1 (advt.) Feel Tom Sterling's apprehension, when obliged to take a dip in the piranha-infested Amazon. 2001 D. Schoemperlen Our Lady of Lost & Found xv. 195 The left side of the store was lined with fish tanks: goldfish, guppies,..and three small piranhas. 2. figurative. An aggressive, predatory, or voracious person, animal, etc.attributive in quot. a1963. ΚΠ a1963 S. Plath Ariel (1965) 40 They are panes of ice, A vice of knives, A piranha Religion. 1977 Times 14 Mar. 19/6 Gayle Hunnicutt turned Sarah Pocock into a deceptively girlish piranha who..planned to nibble into tiny pieces everyone in sight. 1993 New Mexico's 1993 State Fair 12 Sept. 8/1 Border collies are a study in intensity that pushes the edge of sanity at times. They are sheep dogs of course, but they are the piranhas of sheep dogs. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1710
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