pinern.¹

Brit.

/ˈpʌɪnə/, U.S.

/ˈpaɪnər/

Forms: Old English–early Middle English pinere, 1600s pyner, 1600s 1800s– piner; also Scottish pre-1700 pynour.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pine v., -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < pine v. + -er suffix¹. Compare Middle Low German pīner, Middle Dutch pijner, Middle High German pīner.

†1. A tormentor, a torturer. Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > torture > [noun] > torturer

pinerOE

wiþerlaȝec1175

tormentorc1290

pincher1368

tortor1570

torturer1597

torture-monger1615

excruciator1864

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xviii. 34 Dominus eius tradidit eum tortoribus : hlaferd his gesalde hine ðæm pinerum.

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 17 (MED) Ðanne clepeð he his pineres, and hat hem me nemen, and bindem me.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 46 The rest of his body,..the pynouris raue with an yrne tangs, meruellous artificiouslie, to his dolour and langsum pane.

?1614 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses v. 76 Ile furnish thee with fresh waue; bread and wine Ruddie and sweet, that will the Piner [sc. hunger] pine.

2. An animal or bird suffering from starvation or a wasting disease.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > [noun] > sick or injured animal

waster14..

piner1882

symmelian1894

1882 Pall Mall Gaz. 26 July 4/2 A large proportion of the grouse have the appearance of having died from starvation... The keepers..call the emaciated birds ‘piners’.

1893 Westm. Gaz. 11 Feb. 10/2 It seemed as if the bull would have to be killed as a ‘piner’.

1924 Swatches o' Hamespun 12 Ay, an' I notice fermers never breed piners.

1956 Recorded Interview (Univ. Edinb.: School of Sc. Stud. Sound Archive) (SA1956.135) (MS transcript) ‘Ah'm goin tae kill a dick [i.e. duck] the day,’ he says, ‘Allie, an bury it, because it's a piner.’

2002 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 18 Nov. 21 After he has killed the piners and tidied up, the herd doesn't look so bad and the gloom lifts a bit.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pinern.²

Brit.

/ˈpʌɪnə/, U.S.

/ˈpaɪnər/, Scottish English

/ˈpʌinər/

Forms: 1500s piner, 1500s pyner; Scottish pre-1700 payner, pre-1700 pennour, pre-1700 penour, pre-1700 peynor, pre-1700 pinewr, pre-1700 pinnour, pre-1700 pinor, pre-1700 pinour, pre-1700 poyner, pre-1700 pynar, pre-1700 pynir, pre-1700 pynnour, pre-1700 pynor, pre-1700 pynore, pre-1700 pynowr, pre-1700 1700s pyner, pre-1700 1800s pynour, pre-1700–1700s 1900s– piner, 1700s pynner, 1800s poiner.

Origin: Probably a borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch piner.

Etymology: Probably < Middle Dutch piner, pijner (Dutch pijnder ), < pinen , pijnen to labour, toil (see pine v. 3b; compare pine n.¹ 3) + -er -er suffix¹. Compare Middle Low German pīner , piner . In sense 2 associated with pioneer n.

Originally and chiefly Scottish.

1. Scottish. A labourer; spec. (in north-east Scotland) a turf-cutter. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > [noun]

man1381

workera1382

labourerc1400

piner1497

pair of hands1598

operator1611

operatist1651

operative1809

operant1831

ouvrier1845

scissorbill1910

rehire1927

1497 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 348 Giffin to pynouris to bere the treis to be Mons new cradil to hir.

a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) ii. 559 Þe Egiptis for invy Anoyit þaim [sc. the Israelites] dispitously, And in all werkis þaim pynouris maid.

a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1848) II. 160 Sa scho wes lappit in a cope of leid, and keipit..unto the nyntene of October, quhen scho by pynouris wes caryed to a schip, and sa caryed to France.

a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 493 I ley down at your feit my Commission as the pynnour does his burding.

1725 Inverness Town Council Minutes in Sc. National Dict. (1968) at Piner They ordain the said Butts and the others loose earth to be spread on the said plain by pyners to be employed by the Treasurer.

1759 Fountainhall's Decisions I. 236 Forcing them to employ the common Piners in the Town, and exacting money for it.

1806 Case, Duff of Muirtown (Jam.) The people she saw..were poiners or carters from Inverness, who used to come there for materials.

1887 J. Bulloch Pynours v. 41 The pynour-fishermen pursuing their proper calling on the vasty deep.

1995 Scotsman (Nexis) 23 Nov. 18 Gone before them..are the legions of claydavies barrowmen, limelaries, timmer whiters, piners, ourgangers and many others.

†2. A soldier or other person employed in digging trenches, pits, etc.; = pioneer n. 1. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > pioneer

pioneer1517

piner1581

hatchet man1668

1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline ii. 122 There are to be placed thy piners who are to bee garded with .500. shot of each wing.

1587 J. Higgins Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) Caracalla xxv My piners eke were prest with showle and spade T' interre the dead.

1587 W. Baldwin et al. in J. Higgins Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) iii. Burdet lxx Hee pyners set to trenche, and vnder mine amayne.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pinern.³

Brit.

/ˈpʌɪnə/, U.S.

/ˈpaɪnər/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pine n.², -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < pine n.² + -er suffix¹.

1. Australian regional (Tasmania). A person who fells (Huon) pine trees; a person involved in the Huon timber trade.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > lumbering > [noun] > lumberman

wood-hewerc1000

wooderc1050

hagger1294

wood-hagger1294

feller1422

woodman1426

faller1614

wood-maker1616

forest-feller1618

axeman1671

holt-felstera1678

stocker1686

bayman1715

logger1734

wood-cutter1758

lumberer1809

lumbermana1817

shantyman1824

chopper1827

splitter1841

bushman1846

mahogany cutter1850

piner1871

bush-faller1882

lumberjack1888

bushwhacker1898

home guard1903

Jack1910

gyppo1912

timber-getter1912

timberjack1916

timber beast1919

1871 Mercury (Hobart) 5 Apr. 2 The piners have to go some 15 or 20 miles up the Davey River to the timber beds.

1891 W. Tilley Wild West Tasmania 43 The King River is only navigable for small craft... Piners' boats sometimes get in.

1901 Axeman's Jrnl. (Ulverstone, Tasmania) Oct. 77/1 A..sore grievance with our hardy piners, now that the pine forests are becoming thinned of big timber.

1949 W. Lawson Blue Gum Clippers 76 Her crew were rescued by the chief officer of the Flying Childers and two piners, Heather and Smith.

2003 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 26 Apr. (Travel section) 4 Strahan was established to provide ocean access for the inland miners and piners.

2. U.S. regional (southern). A native or inhabitant of a region (often of infertile land) where pine trees abound. Cf. pinelander n. rare.

ΚΠ

1894 Harper's Mag. Aug. 337 The term ‘piners’ is synonymous with the term ‘poor whites’ in the South.

1948 H. L. Mencken Amer. Lang. Suppl. II. 180 There must be rich material in the dialect of the so-called Pineys or Piners in the central and southern counties.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹OE

n.²1497

n.³1871

单词	piner
释义	pinern.¹ Brit. /ˈpʌɪnə/, U.S. /ˈpaɪnər/ Forms: Old English–early Middle English pinere, 1600s pyner, 1600s 1800s– piner; also Scottish pre-1700 pynour. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pine v., -er suffix¹. Etymology: < pine v. + -er suffix¹. Compare Middle Low German pīner, Middle Dutch pijner, Middle High German pīner. †1. A tormentor, a torturer. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > torture > [noun] > torturer pinerOE wiþerlaȝec1175 tormentorc1290 pincher1368 tortor1570 torturer1597 torture-monger1615 excruciator1864 OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xviii. 34 Dominus eius tradidit eum tortoribus : hlaferd his gesalde hine ðæm pinerum. a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 17 (MED) Ðanne clepeð he his pineres, and hat hem me nemen, and bindem me. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 46 The rest of his body,..the pynouris raue with an yrne tangs, meruellous artificiouslie, to his dolour and langsum pane. ?1614 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses v. 76 Ile furnish thee with fresh waue; bread and wine Ruddie and sweet, that will the Piner [sc. hunger] pine. 2. An animal or bird suffering from starvation or a wasting disease. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > [noun] > sick or injured animal waster14.. piner1882 symmelian1894 1882 Pall Mall Gaz. 26 July 4/2 A large proportion of the grouse have the appearance of having died from starvation... The keepers..call the emaciated birds ‘piners’. 1893 Westm. Gaz. 11 Feb. 10/2 It seemed as if the bull would have to be killed as a ‘piner’. 1924 Swatches o' Hamespun 12 Ay, an' I notice fermers never breed piners. 1956 Recorded Interview (Univ. Edinb.: School of Sc. Stud. Sound Archive) (SA1956.135) (MS transcript) ‘Ah'm goin tae kill a dick [i.e. duck] the day,’ he says, ‘Allie, an bury it, because it's a piner.’ 2002 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 18 Nov. 21 After he has killed the piners and tidied up, the herd doesn't look so bad and the gloom lifts a bit. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pinern.² Brit. /ˈpʌɪnə/, U.S. /ˈpaɪnər/, Scottish English /ˈpʌinər/ Forms: 1500s piner, 1500s pyner; Scottish pre-1700 payner, pre-1700 pennour, pre-1700 penour, pre-1700 peynor, pre-1700 pinewr, pre-1700 pinnour, pre-1700 pinor, pre-1700 pinour, pre-1700 poyner, pre-1700 pynar, pre-1700 pynir, pre-1700 pynnour, pre-1700 pynor, pre-1700 pynore, pre-1700 pynowr, pre-1700 1700s pyner, pre-1700 1800s pynour, pre-1700–1700s 1900s– piner, 1700s pynner, 1800s poiner. Origin: Probably a borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch piner. Etymology: Probably < Middle Dutch piner, pijner (Dutch pijnder ), < pinen , pijnen to labour, toil (see pine v. 3b; compare pine n.¹ 3) + -er -er suffix¹. Compare Middle Low German pīner , piner . In sense 2 associated with pioneer n. Originally and chiefly Scottish. 1. Scottish. A labourer; spec. (in north-east Scotland) a turf-cutter. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > [noun] man1381 workera1382 labourerc1400 piner1497 pair of hands1598 operator1611 operatist1651 operative1809 operant1831 ouvrier1845 scissorbill1910 rehire1927 1497 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 348 Giffin to pynouris to bere the treis to be Mons new cradil to hir. a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) ii. 559 Þe Egiptis for invy Anoyit þaim [sc. the Israelites] dispitously, And in all werkis þaim pynouris maid. a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1848) II. 160 Sa scho wes lappit in a cope of leid, and keipit..unto the nyntene of October, quhen scho by pynouris wes caryed to a schip, and sa caryed to France. a1614 J. Melville Autobiogr. & Diary (1842) 493 I ley down at your feit my Commission as the pynnour does his burding. 1725 Inverness Town Council Minutes in Sc. National Dict. (1968) at Piner They ordain the said Butts and the others loose earth to be spread on the said plain by pyners to be employed by the Treasurer. 1759 Fountainhall's Decisions I. 236 Forcing them to employ the common Piners in the Town, and exacting money for it. 1806 Case, Duff of Muirtown (Jam.) The people she saw..were poiners or carters from Inverness, who used to come there for materials. 1887 J. Bulloch Pynours v. 41 The pynour-fishermen pursuing their proper calling on the vasty deep. 1995 Scotsman (Nexis) 23 Nov. 18 Gone before them..are the legions of claydavies barrowmen, limelaries, timmer whiters, piners, ourgangers and many others. †2. A soldier or other person employed in digging trenches, pits, etc.; = pioneer n. 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > pioneer pioneer1517 piner1581 hatchet man1668 1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline ii. 122 There are to be placed thy piners who are to bee garded with .500. shot of each wing. 1587 J. Higgins Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) Caracalla xxv My piners eke were prest with showle and spade T' interre the dead. 1587 W. Baldwin et al. in J. Higgins Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) iii. Burdet lxx Hee pyners set to trenche, and vnder mine amayne. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pinern.³ Brit. /ˈpʌɪnə/, U.S. /ˈpaɪnər/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pine n.², -er suffix¹. Etymology: < pine n.² + -er suffix¹. 1. Australian regional (Tasmania). A person who fells (Huon) pine trees; a person involved in the Huon timber trade. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > lumbering > [noun] > lumberman wood-hewerc1000 wooderc1050 hagger1294 wood-hagger1294 feller1422 woodman1426 faller1614 wood-maker1616 forest-feller1618 axeman1671 holt-felstera1678 stocker1686 bayman1715 logger1734 wood-cutter1758 lumberer1809 lumbermana1817 shantyman1824 chopper1827 splitter1841 bushman1846 mahogany cutter1850 piner1871 bush-faller1882 lumberjack1888 bushwhacker1898 home guard1903 Jack1910 gyppo1912 timber-getter1912 timberjack1916 timber beast1919 1871 Mercury (Hobart) 5 Apr. 2 The piners have to go some 15 or 20 miles up the Davey River to the timber beds. 1891 W. Tilley Wild West Tasmania 43 The King River is only navigable for small craft... Piners' boats sometimes get in. 1901 Axeman's Jrnl. (Ulverstone, Tasmania) Oct. 77/1 A..sore grievance with our hardy piners, now that the pine forests are becoming thinned of big timber. 1949 W. Lawson Blue Gum Clippers 76 Her crew were rescued by the chief officer of the Flying Childers and two piners, Heather and Smith. 2003 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 26 Apr. (Travel section) 4 Strahan was established to provide ocean access for the inland miners and piners. 2. U.S. regional (southern). A native or inhabitant of a region (often of infertile land) where pine trees abound. Cf. pinelander n. rare. ΚΠ 1894 Harper's Mag. Aug. 337 The term ‘piners’ is synonymous with the term ‘poor whites’ in the South. 1948 H. L. Mencken Amer. Lang. Suppl. II. 180 There must be rich material in the dialect of the so-called Pineys or Piners in the central and southern counties. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹OEn.²1497n.³1871
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pinern.1

pinern.2

pinern.3

pinern.¹

pinern.²

pinern.³