pitchblenden.

Brit.

/ˈpɪtʃblɛnd/, U.S.

/ˈpɪtʃˌblɛnd/

Forms:

α. 1700s– pitchblende, 1900s– pitchblend.

β. 1700s pecheblende, 1800s pechblende.

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Pechblende.

Etymology: < German Pechblende (1720 (in a Latin text) or earlier) < Pech pitch n.¹ + Blende blende n., so called on account of its black colour. Compare Swedish peck-blände (1768; earlier as pechblende (1758 in the source cited in quot. 1770, where it is in fact identified as German rather than Swedish by the English translator; compare also †beck-blände (1747)), French pechblende (1790); both < German.This mineral was first analysed as containing uranium in 1789 by Martin Klaproth. A popular tradition supposes the first element to represent colloquial German Pech bad luck, because the mineral indicated the absence of silver (its association with lung cancer among miners seems likely to be a later discovery). However, this meaning of the German word is not otherwise attested until the late 18th cent.

Mineralogy.

Native uranium oxide, occurring as an amorphous or microcrystalline variety of uraninite in brown to black masses, and containing radium from the decay of uranium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > ore > [noun] > metal ore > uranium ore

pitchblende1770

medjidite1848

uraninite1868

pitch ore1896

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > [noun] > rutile and uranite groups A02 > uraninite

pitchblende1770

uraninite1868

nivenite1889

pitch ore1896

the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > [noun] > uranium > native oxide of

pitchblende1898

1770 G. von Engeström & E. M. da Costa tr. A. F. Cronstedt Ess. Syst. Mineral. 217 Pechblende or Pitch Blende of the Germans.

1794 W. Hutchinson Catal. Animals in Hist. Cumberland I. 52/1 Pecheblende, of a glassy shining surface, often crystallized in irregular pyramids.

1861 H. W. Bristow Gloss. Mineral. 290/2 Pitchblende is distinguished from brown Blende by colour, specific gravity, fracture and streak.

1898 Daily Chron. 8 Oct. 3/4 Pitchblende..possesses the property of emitting the rays, or form of energy, known as the Becquerel rays.

1904 Times 6 Jan. 9/4 She [sc. Marie Curie] found that pitch-blende and oxide of uranium, especially the variety found in Bohemia, was even more radio-active than uranium itself.

1929 W. F. Foshag in G. P. Merrill Minerals from Earth & Sky ii. iv. 214 These same calcite veins carry gold and are remarkable in that the precious metal is directly associated with pitchblende, the principal ore of radium.

2001 O. Sacks Uncle Tungsten xx. 251 Uncle Abe encouraged me to repeat Becquerel's discovery in my own lab, giving me a chunk of pitchblende rich in uranium oxide.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pitchblende
释义	pitchblenden. Brit. /ˈpɪtʃblɛnd/, U.S. /ˈpɪtʃˌblɛnd/ Forms: α. 1700s– pitchblende, 1900s– pitchblend. β. 1700s pecheblende, 1800s pechblende. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Pechblende. Etymology: < German Pechblende (1720 (in a Latin text) or earlier) < Pech pitch n.¹ + Blende blende n., so called on account of its black colour. Compare Swedish peck-blände (1768; earlier as pechblende (1758 in the source cited in quot. 1770, where it is in fact identified as German rather than Swedish by the English translator; compare also †beck-blände (1747)), French pechblende (1790); both < German.This mineral was first analysed as containing uranium in 1789 by Martin Klaproth. A popular tradition supposes the first element to represent colloquial German Pech bad luck, because the mineral indicated the absence of silver (its association with lung cancer among miners seems likely to be a later discovery). However, this meaning of the German word is not otherwise attested until the late 18th cent. Mineralogy. Native uranium oxide, occurring as an amorphous or microcrystalline variety of uraninite in brown to black masses, and containing radium from the decay of uranium. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > ore > [noun] > metal ore > uranium ore pitchblende1770 medjidite1848 uraninite1868 pitch ore1896 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > [noun] > rutile and uranite groups A02 > uraninite pitchblende1770 uraninite1868 nivenite1889 pitch ore1896 the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > [noun] > uranium > native oxide of pitchblende1898 1770 G. von Engeström & E. M. da Costa tr. A. F. Cronstedt Ess. Syst. Mineral. 217 Pechblende or Pitch Blende of the Germans. 1794 W. Hutchinson Catal. Animals in Hist. Cumberland I. 52/1 Pecheblende, of a glassy shining surface, often crystallized in irregular pyramids. 1861 H. W. Bristow Gloss. Mineral. 290/2 Pitchblende is distinguished from brown Blende by colour, specific gravity, fracture and streak. 1898 Daily Chron. 8 Oct. 3/4 Pitchblende..possesses the property of emitting the rays, or form of energy, known as the Becquerel rays. 1904 Times 6 Jan. 9/4 She [sc. Marie Curie] found that pitch-blende and oxide of uranium, especially the variety found in Bohemia, was even more radio-active than uranium itself. 1929 W. F. Foshag in G. P. Merrill Minerals from Earth & Sky ii. iv. 214 These same calcite veins carry gold and are remarkable in that the precious metal is directly associated with pitchblende, the principal ore of radium. 2001 O. Sacks Uncle Tungsten xx. 251 Uncle Abe encouraged me to repeat Becquerel's discovery in my own lab, giving me a chunk of pitchblende rich in uranium oxide. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1770
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