pitch-polen.

Brit.

/ˈpɪtʃpəʊl/, U.S.

/ˈpɪtʃˌpoʊl/

Forms:

α. 1600s– pitch-pole; English regional 1800s– pitch-pawle, 1800s– pitch-poll.

β. 1900s– pitchipoll.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pitch v.², English pole , poll n.¹, pole n.¹

Etymology: < pitch v.² + pole, variant of poll n.¹ Compare slightly later pitch-pole v. In sense 2 perhaps partly reanalysed as pitch v.² + pole n.¹ (with reference to the rotation of the axles).

a. An instance of falling headlong or of being upended, a somersault; the game of turning head over heels, somersaulting. Now English regional.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > [noun] > toppling over

rureOE

pitch-polea1661

topple1907

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > leaping, springing, or jumping > [noun] > somersault

supersault1503

somersault1530

tumbling cast1530

sobersaulta1533

somerset1591

turn-over1660

pitch-pole1842

spin1842

salto mortale1896

flip-flop1902

a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 5 All vice is at the pitch-pole [L. omne in praecipiti vitium stetit].

a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 186 Whence to a greater ruine after all With a huge pitch-pole he was forc'd to fall [L. unde altior esset casus et inpulsae praeceps inmane ruinae].

1682 W. Richards Wallography 70 By a most disastrous Pitch-pole into Mud and Dirt, [the miller] discolour'd his Coat.

1842 S. Kettell Daw's Doings ix. 61 Goosecap..did nothing all day long but lollop about at his ease..playing at pitchpole among the clover.

1888 B. Lowsley Gloss. Berks. Words & Phrases 127 Pitch-pawle, a very common sport with children, otherwise called ‘head over heels.’

1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Gloss. Words Wilts. 119 When rooks are..playing and tumbling head over heels in the air (a sign of rain) they are said to be playing pitch-pole.

1932 H. J. Massingham Wold without End 297 Words again like..pitchipoll (somersault)..are conceived on a broader basis than that of imitating an object, action, or condition by sound.

b. Nautical. An instance of a boat being upended, stern over bow.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > [noun] > upending

pitch-pole1927

pitchpoling1971

1927 G. Bradford Gloss. Sea Terms 129/2 Pitch pole, a disaster to a boat or small vessel in which a breaking sea astern casts her stern over bow in a sort of half somersault.

1987 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 10 Jan. iii. 14/3 I closed the hatch when I went below, and 30 minutes later all hell broke loose; it was a pitch-pole, roll, nose-dive.

2003 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 14 June a13 A race that saw him..survive a deadly pitchpole—where his boat somersaulted end over end—splintering his mast to pieces.

2. Agriculture. A kind of harrow. More fully pitch-pole harrow. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harrowing equipment > [noun] > harrow > types of harrow

drag1388

ox-harrow1465

drag-harrow1744

bush-harrow1770

twitch harrow1771

brake1786

crab-harrow1796

twitch drag1799

tormentor1808

flag-harrow1845

chain-harrow1870

pitch-pole1929

1929 Times 11 Mar. 22/7 The entry from Massey Harris includes a dung-spreader, while Wilder's pitch pole harrow will be shown at work on an old pasture.

1932 R. H. Biffen Fream's Elem. Agric. (ed. 12) ii. 48 The pitch-pole harrow is an implement of recent introduction, which has attained some popularity for tearing a thick mat on old pasture, and also for working arable land... The implement has a very drastic action and the heavy draught necessitates a tractor.

1951 P. Oyler Feeding Ourselves x. 92 It is a good plan to run heavy tine harrows or the modern Pitchpole over pastures again and again both ways.

1960 Farmer & Stockbreeder 16 Feb. 128/3 The average contract rate for pitchpole harrowing is 20s per acre first time.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pitch-polev.

Brit.

/ˈpɪtʃpəʊl/, U.S.

/ˈpɪtʃˌpoʊl/

Forms:

α. 1600s– pitch-pole, 1800s– pitch-paowl, 1800s– pitch-poll.

β. 1800s– pitchipoll.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pitch v.², English pole , poll n.¹, pole n.¹

Etymology: < pitch v.² + pole, variant of poll n.¹ Compare slightly earlier pitch-pole n. In sense 2 probably reanalysed as < pitch v.² + pole n.¹ (compare quot. 1942 at sense 2).

a. intransitive. Of a person: to turn head over heels; to somersault; (also) to fall headlong. Also occasionally transitive: to pitch (a person) head first. Chiefly English regional in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > leaping, springing, or jumping > leap, spring, or jump [verb (intransitive)] > somersault

tumbc1000

tumble1303

to top over tail1545

somerset1599

pitch-pole1682

topple1802

somersault1858

sunfish1923

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > fall [verb (intransitive)] > topple over

welt13..

tiltc1390

overfalla1400

waltc1400

tirvec1425

top over tervea1450

overtumble1487

overwelta1522

to fall over1541

top1545

topple1600

tramble1609

tope1796

tottle1830

overtopple1855

whemmel1895

pitch-pole1896

1682 W. Richards Wallography 85 The wrath which Shenkin discover'd, whom his quaffing Beast had pitch-pol'd into a River.

1701 A. J. Compl. Acct. Portugueze Lang. Esgarabulhár ónde segarabulhão, to turn like a wheel, or to pitchpole.

1861 Mrs. H. Wood East Lynne III. iii. v. 28 The ragged urchins pitchpoling in the gutter and the dust.

1890 J. D. Robertson Gloss. Words County of Gloucester 114 Pitchpoll or Pitchipoll,..to turn a somersault.

1893 J. Salisbury Gloss. Words S.E. Worcs. 28 Pitch-paowl, to turn head over heels.

1896 Westm. Gaz. 21 Mar. 7/1 We couldn't go out of our houses up and down street without pitch-polling over strings tied across the road.

2008 A. Davies Mine All Mine 189 I don't care when we ram something ahead of us and I pitchpole onto the diamond plating of the ambulance floor, my face grating away.

b. transitive and intransitive. To upend (something); to roll over and over; (also) to rock violently from side to side.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > revolve or rotate [verb (transitive)] > turn over and over or roll

trendc1315

trendle1382

welter?a1400

rollc1400

overweltera1450

wamble1561

trindle1595

obvolve1649

pitch-pole1926

1845 S. Smith May-day in N.Y. iii. 59 Things was all pitch-poled, helter-skelter, and mixed up as thick again as they was when I went out.

1861 D. B. Bates Incidents on Land & Water (ed. 11) xviii. 190 The wagon pitch-poled, distributing the contents..in every direction.

1926 T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (subscribers' ed.) cxvii. 617 The wind snapped them [sc. thistles] off at the hollow root, and pitch-polled their branchy tops along the level ground, thistle blowing against thistle.

1995 T. Ferguson Fire Line iv. 113 The trailer pitchpoled and crashed through the underbrush.

c. transitive and intransitive. Nautical. To capsize, or nearly capsize, by upending stern over bow. Also: to be violently rocked by the motion of the sea.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > suffer shipwreck [verb (intransitive)] > be upended

pitch-pole1877

society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > cause to suffer shipwreck [verb (transitive)] > upend

pitch-pole1976

1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 438/1 Let us overhaul another of the alleged failings of the catamaran, to wit: Their tendency to turn over endwise or pitch-pole.

1903 G. S. Wasson Cap'n Simeon's Store iii. 44 Ain't it hard lines enough for a sickly ole feller same's him having to go outside here late in the fall o' the year and pitch-pole around into a punky old ark.

1915 R. Kipling Fringes of Fleet 67 Dawn sees them pitch-poling insanely between head-seas.

1961 F. H. Burgess Dict. Sailing 160 Pitch pole, be up-ended, stern first, and completely overthrown by the sea.

1976 Sci. Amer. May 130/3 The big wave that can pitchpole any boat.

1991 P. C. Newman Merchant Princes xi. 298 A steward who served under him recalled a hazardous climb to the bridge as the ship, battered by blizzards and waves higher than her funnel, seemed ready to pitch-pole.

2. transitive. Whaling. To throw (a long lance or harpoon) in a high arc. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > capsize or upset

overcastc1230

overturnc1300

overthrowc1330

to-turna1382

overwhelm?a1400

tilta1400

tipa1400

welt?a1400

overtiltc1400

tirvec1420

reverse?a1439

devolvec1470

subvert1479

welter?a1505

renverse1521

tumble1534

verse1556

upturn1567

overwhirl1577

rewalt1587

subverse1590

overset1599

overtumble1600

walt1611

to fetch up1615

ramvert1632

treveer1636

transvolve1644

capsize1788

upset1806

keel1828

overwelt1828

pitch-pole1851

purl1856

1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick lxxxiv. 409 The harpoon may be pitchpoled in the same way with the lance.

1926 C. W. Ashley Yankee Whaler 137 Pitch-pole, to,..to dart an iron a long distance by tossing it upward and allowing it to describe a considerable arc before striking.

1942 Sci. Monthly May 427/1 The harpoon was not thrown or ‘pitch-poled’ at the swordfish, as it is at a whale, but, with the pole held in the hands, the harpoon head was driven into the fish's back.

Derivatives

† pitchpoler n. Whaling Obsolete a person who pitchpoles a harpoon.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > whaling and seal-hunting > whaling > whale-hunter > [noun] > harpooner

harpooneer1613

darter1720

harpooner1726

specksioneer1820

pitchpoler1851

1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick lxxxiv. 410 The pitchpoler dropping astern, folds his hands.

ˈpitchpoling n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [noun] > turning over and over or rolling > causing

rollingc1451

pitchpoling1851

society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > [noun] > upending

pitch-pole1927

pitchpoling1971

1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick lxxxiv. 410 Pitchpoling..is only indispensable with an inveterate running whale; its grand fact and feature is the wonderful distance to which the long lance is accurately darted from a violently rocking, jerking boat, under extreme headway.

1929 Travel Jan. 48/2 In some instances, when the animal had become alarmed while still beyond reach, resort was had to pitch-poling, a peculiar manner of throwing the harpoon, with tolerable accuracy, for longer distances.

1971 S. E. Morison European Discov. Amer.: Northern Voy. p. xi The hazards that the early navigators encountered as a matter of course—enormous freak waves, pitch-poling, capsizing.

1998 Yachts & Yachting 10 July 66/2 She was almost 45 degrees tilted forwards and she was in danger of pitchpoling.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	pitch-pole
释义	pitch-polen. Brit. /ˈpɪtʃpəʊl/, U.S. /ˈpɪtʃˌpoʊl/ Forms: α. 1600s– pitch-pole; English regional 1800s– pitch-pawle, 1800s– pitch-poll. β. 1900s– pitchipoll. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pitch v.², English pole , poll n.¹, pole n.¹ Etymology: < pitch v.² + pole, variant of poll n.¹ Compare slightly later pitch-pole v. In sense 2 perhaps partly reanalysed as pitch v.² + pole n.¹ (with reference to the rotation of the axles). 1. a. An instance of falling headlong or of being upended, a somersault; the game of turning head over heels, somersaulting. Now English regional. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > [noun] > toppling over rureOE pitch-polea1661 topple1907 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > leaping, springing, or jumping > [noun] > somersault supersault1503 somersault1530 tumbling cast1530 sobersaulta1533 somerset1591 turn-over1660 pitch-pole1842 spin1842 salto mortale1896 flip-flop1902 a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 5 All vice is at the pitch-pole [L. omne in praecipiti vitium stetit]. a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 186 Whence to a greater ruine after all With a huge pitch-pole he was forc'd to fall [L. unde altior esset casus et inpulsae praeceps inmane ruinae]. 1682 W. Richards Wallography 70 By a most disastrous Pitch-pole into Mud and Dirt, [the miller] discolour'd his Coat. 1842 S. Kettell Daw's Doings ix. 61 Goosecap..did nothing all day long but lollop about at his ease..playing at pitchpole among the clover. 1888 B. Lowsley Gloss. Berks. Words & Phrases 127 Pitch-pawle, a very common sport with children, otherwise called ‘head over heels.’ 1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Gloss. Words Wilts. 119 When rooks are..playing and tumbling head over heels in the air (a sign of rain) they are said to be playing pitch-pole. 1932 H. J. Massingham Wold without End 297 Words again like..pitchipoll (somersault)..are conceived on a broader basis than that of imitating an object, action, or condition by sound. b. Nautical. An instance of a boat being upended, stern over bow. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > [noun] > upending pitch-pole1927 pitchpoling1971 1927 G. Bradford Gloss. Sea Terms 129/2 Pitch pole, a disaster to a boat or small vessel in which a breaking sea astern casts her stern over bow in a sort of half somersault. 1987 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 10 Jan. iii. 14/3 I closed the hatch when I went below, and 30 minutes later all hell broke loose; it was a pitch-pole, roll, nose-dive. 2003 Calgary (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 14 June a13 A race that saw him..survive a deadly pitchpole—where his boat somersaulted end over end—splintering his mast to pieces. 2. Agriculture. A kind of harrow. More fully pitch-pole harrow. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harrowing equipment > [noun] > harrow > types of harrow drag1388 ox-harrow1465 drag-harrow1744 bush-harrow1770 twitch harrow1771 brake1786 crab-harrow1796 twitch drag1799 tormentor1808 flag-harrow1845 chain-harrow1870 pitch-pole1929 1929 Times 11 Mar. 22/7 The entry from Massey Harris includes a dung-spreader, while Wilder's pitch pole harrow will be shown at work on an old pasture. 1932 R. H. Biffen Fream's Elem. Agric. (ed. 12) ii. 48 The pitch-pole harrow is an implement of recent introduction, which has attained some popularity for tearing a thick mat on old pasture, and also for working arable land... The implement has a very drastic action and the heavy draught necessitates a tractor. 1951 P. Oyler Feeding Ourselves x. 92 It is a good plan to run heavy tine harrows or the modern Pitchpole over pastures again and again both ways. 1960 Farmer & Stockbreeder 16 Feb. 128/3 The average contract rate for pitchpole harrowing is 20s per acre first time. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pitch-polev. Brit. /ˈpɪtʃpəʊl/, U.S. /ˈpɪtʃˌpoʊl/ Forms: α. 1600s– pitch-pole, 1800s– pitch-paowl, 1800s– pitch-poll. β. 1800s– pitchipoll. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: pitch v.², English pole , poll n.¹, pole n.¹ Etymology: < pitch v.² + pole, variant of poll n.¹ Compare slightly earlier pitch-pole n. In sense 2 probably reanalysed as < pitch v.² + pole n.¹ (compare quot. 1942 at sense 2). 1. a. intransitive. Of a person: to turn head over heels; to somersault; (also) to fall headlong. Also occasionally transitive: to pitch (a person) head first. Chiefly English regional in later use. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > leaping, springing, or jumping > leap, spring, or jump [verb (intransitive)] > somersault tumbc1000 tumble1303 to top over tail1545 somerset1599 pitch-pole1682 topple1802 somersault1858 sunfish1923 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > fall [verb (intransitive)] > topple over welt13.. tiltc1390 overfalla1400 waltc1400 tirvec1425 top over tervea1450 overtumble1487 overwelta1522 to fall over1541 top1545 topple1600 tramble1609 tope1796 tottle1830 overtopple1855 whemmel1895 pitch-pole1896 1682 W. Richards Wallography 85 The wrath which Shenkin discover'd, whom his quaffing Beast had pitch-pol'd into a River. 1701 A. J. Compl. Acct. Portugueze Lang. Esgarabulhár ónde segarabulhão, to turn like a wheel, or to pitchpole. 1861 Mrs. H. Wood East Lynne III. iii. v. 28 The ragged urchins pitchpoling in the gutter and the dust. 1890 J. D. Robertson Gloss. Words County of Gloucester 114 Pitchpoll or Pitchipoll,..to turn a somersault. 1893 J. Salisbury Gloss. Words S.E. Worcs. 28 Pitch-paowl, to turn head over heels. 1896 Westm. Gaz. 21 Mar. 7/1 We couldn't go out of our houses up and down street without pitch-polling over strings tied across the road. 2008 A. Davies Mine All Mine 189 I don't care when we ram something ahead of us and I pitchpole onto the diamond plating of the ambulance floor, my face grating away. b. transitive and intransitive. To upend (something); to roll over and over; (also) to rock violently from side to side. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > revolve or rotate [verb (transitive)] > turn over and over or roll trendc1315 trendle1382 welter?a1400 rollc1400 overweltera1450 wamble1561 trindle1595 obvolve1649 pitch-pole1926 1845 S. Smith May-day in N.Y. iii. 59 Things was all pitch-poled, helter-skelter, and mixed up as thick again as they was when I went out. 1861 D. B. Bates Incidents on Land & Water (ed. 11) xviii. 190 The wagon pitch-poled, distributing the contents..in every direction. 1926 T. E. Lawrence Seven Pillars (subscribers' ed.) cxvii. 617 The wind snapped them [sc. thistles] off at the hollow root, and pitch-polled their branchy tops along the level ground, thistle blowing against thistle. 1995 T. Ferguson Fire Line iv. 113 The trailer pitchpoled and crashed through the underbrush. c. transitive and intransitive. Nautical. To capsize, or nearly capsize, by upending stern over bow. Also: to be violently rocked by the motion of the sea. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > suffer shipwreck [verb (intransitive)] > be upended pitch-pole1877 society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > cause to suffer shipwreck [verb (transitive)] > upend pitch-pole1976 1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 438/1 Let us overhaul another of the alleged failings of the catamaran, to wit: Their tendency to turn over endwise or pitch-pole. 1903 G. S. Wasson Cap'n Simeon's Store iii. 44 Ain't it hard lines enough for a sickly ole feller same's him having to go outside here late in the fall o' the year and pitch-pole around into a punky old ark. 1915 R. Kipling Fringes of Fleet 67 Dawn sees them pitch-poling insanely between head-seas. 1961 F. H. Burgess Dict. Sailing 160 Pitch pole, be up-ended, stern first, and completely overthrown by the sea. 1976 Sci. Amer. May 130/3 The big wave that can pitchpole any boat. 1991 P. C. Newman Merchant Princes xi. 298 A steward who served under him recalled a hazardous climb to the bridge as the ship, battered by blizzards and waves higher than her funnel, seemed ready to pitch-pole. 2. transitive. Whaling. To throw (a long lance or harpoon) in a high arc. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > capsize or upset overcastc1230 overturnc1300 overthrowc1330 to-turna1382 overwhelm?a1400 tilta1400 tipa1400 welt?a1400 overtiltc1400 tirvec1420 reverse?a1439 devolvec1470 subvert1479 welter?a1505 renverse1521 tumble1534 verse1556 upturn1567 overwhirl1577 rewalt1587 subverse1590 overset1599 overtumble1600 walt1611 to fetch up1615 ramvert1632 treveer1636 transvolve1644 capsize1788 upset1806 keel1828 overwelt1828 pitch-pole1851 purl1856 1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick lxxxiv. 409 The harpoon may be pitchpoled in the same way with the lance. 1926 C. W. Ashley Yankee Whaler 137 Pitch-pole, to,..to dart an iron a long distance by tossing it upward and allowing it to describe a considerable arc before striking. 1942 Sci. Monthly May 427/1 The harpoon was not thrown or ‘pitch-poled’ at the swordfish, as it is at a whale, but, with the pole held in the hands, the harpoon head was driven into the fish's back. Derivatives † pitchpoler n. Whaling Obsolete a person who pitchpoles a harpoon. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > whaling and seal-hunting > whaling > whale-hunter > [noun] > harpooner harpooneer1613 darter1720 harpooner1726 specksioneer1820 pitchpoler1851 1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick lxxxiv. 410 The pitchpoler dropping astern, folds his hands. ˈpitchpoling n. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > revolution or rotation > [noun] > turning over and over or rolling > causing rollingc1451 pitchpoling1851 society > travel > travel by water > shipwreck > [noun] > upending pitch-pole1927 pitchpoling1971 1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick lxxxiv. 410 Pitchpoling..is only indispensable with an inveterate running whale; its grand fact and feature is the wonderful distance to which the long lance is accurately darted from a violently rocking, jerking boat, under extreme headway. 1929 Travel Jan. 48/2 In some instances, when the animal had become alarmed while still beyond reach, resort was had to pitch-poling, a peculiar manner of throwing the harpoon, with tolerable accuracy, for longer distances. 1971 S. E. Morison European Discov. Amer.: Northern Voy. p. xi The hazards that the early navigators encountered as a matter of course—enormous freak waves, pitch-poling, capsizing. 1998 Yachts & Yachting 10 July 66/2 She was almost 45 degrees tilted forwards and she was in danger of pitchpoling. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1661v.1682
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