pilingn.¹

Brit.

/ˈpʌɪlɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈpaɪlɪŋ/

Forms: late Middle English pilynge, late Middle English pylyng, 1500s–1600s pyling, 1600s pilinge, 1600s– piling.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pile n.¹, -ing suffix¹; pile v.¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: Partly < pile n.¹ + -ing suffix¹, and partly < pile v.¹ + -ing suffix¹.

1. The action of driving piles into the ground; the construction of a foundation, etc., with piles.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > [noun] > building foundations > with piles

piling1347

pallification1624

pile-work1702

pile-driving1809

spiling1841

1347 in L. F. Salzman Building in Eng. (1992) App. B. 435 (MED) Et predicti Decanus et Capitulum facient expensas pro predicto Wharfo, circa pilyng si necesse fuerit, et circa fossura tocius predicti operis.

c1440 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 143 (MED) In mundacione de langmerdyk cum le pylyng ibidem fact.

c1582 T. Digges Briefe Disc. Dover Hauen in Archaeologia (1794) 11 226 Yt is..doubtfull..whether they shall euer with any pyling reach so deepe as to make a sure foundation.

1624 H. Wotton Elements Archit. i. 26 I haue sayd nothing of Pallification, or Pyling of the Ground-plot..when we build vpon a moist or marshy soile.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia at Pallification Piling of the ground plot.

1739 C. Labelye Short Acct. Piers Westm. Bridge 55 The Grounds which most require piling are a loose Sand, soft Clays, and..fenny Places.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §336 The piling of this foundation was finished.

1845 F. Beavan Life in Backwoods N.B. 46 The wife..toiled with him in piling and fencing as well as in planting and reaping.

1898 Engin. Mag. 16 91 The timber..is chiefly for piling purposes and spars.

1973 Daily Tel. 3 Apr. 21 (advt.) Piling has also been completed on the Hutchison House site and construction of the foundation is well in hand.

1991 Offshore Engineer Sept. 15/3 After four days of piling, installation contractor HeereMac lifted on the 6600t cellar deck.

2. A group or line of piles (pile n.¹); a structure composed of piles; pilework; wood for piles.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [noun] > wood for other specific uses

mazera1200

waywoodware1334

piling1422

tenter-timber1562

pinwood1580

mazer wood1594

stop-rice1653

pudlay1679

puncheon1686

veneer1702

pit-wood1715

broach-wood1835

chipwood1838

matchwood1838

fretwood1881

pulpwood1881

coffin-wood1883

bur1885

spool-wood1895

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > foundation(s) > pile(s)

pilelOE

piling1422

spile1513

piloti1674

stilt1697

drift1721

bearing pile?1761

sheet-piling1789

sheeting-pile1837

screw pile1840

sheet-pile1841

sheath-piling1902

1422–7 in S. Rose Navy of Lancastrian Kings (1982) 115 Piles [and] stakes [used in the repair of the] stakynge [and] pilynge [in the port of Hamble].

1488 Maldon (Essex) Liber B f. 39 The Brygge in Maldon..was so in decaye bothe in stone werke and also in wodyng and pylyng.

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Pilotis, a pyling with timber in water workes.

1631 Minutes Norwich Mayoral Court 1630–1 (1942) 1 June 160 Wm Aldred..shall..finde Tymber Iron worke pilinge & all other Stuffe Except masons worke.

1772 C. Hutton Princ. Bridges 99 A border of piling to secure the foundation.

1839 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 2 81/2 They are also erected on a foundation of concrete, and protected with sheet piling.

1883 Cent. Mag. 26 422 Seven hundred feet of piling were driven.

1939 A. Ransome Secret Water xiv. 170 The wood of the quay was rotting, and water was working in and out through gaps in the piling.

1944 Sun (Baltimore) 18 Mar. 6/2 It is claimed that the timber piling is not sufficiently strong to support the structure and the loads it carries; the pile caps and stringers are in poor condition.

1992 Amer. Way 1 Feb. 18/2 The warped, tilting floor, which sits on pilings, shifted in mud during the great San Francisco quake of 1906.

Compounds

piling engine n. a machine for driving piles into the ground.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > driving or beating tools > [noun] > pile-drivers

wilkin1495

rammer1538

gin1682

pile engine1754

piling engine1763

piledriver1766

ringing engine1837

postdriver1857

1763 J. Smeaton Rep. (1797) I. 180 To piling engines, pumps, and other utensils.

1863 Daily Tel. 6 Apr. Instructed to collect timber, piling engines, staff, &c.

1995 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) (Nexis) 9 Dec. 1 The giant piling engines that have just sprung to life.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pilingn.²

Brit.

/ˈpʌɪlɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈpaɪlɪŋ/

Forms: late Middle English pileng, late Middle English pilyng, 1500s– piling.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pile n.⁶, -ing suffix¹; pile v.², -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: Partly < pile n.⁶ + -ing suffix¹, and partly < pile v.² + -ing suffix¹.

1. The action of forming into a pile or piles; heaping or stacking up; accumulation.In quot. 1443 perhaps with reference to the heaping up of the embankment of a ditch; it is possible that this quot. may instead show piling n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [noun] > composite collectiveness > accumulation > heaping or piling up

heapingc900

upheapingc1374

aggeration?a1425

piling1434

coacervation1495

pilement1597

bulking1602

acervation1614

aggestion1659

exaggerationa1676

pyramiding1910

1434–6 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 237 Also paid For costis Freigh[t], cariage, Wharuage, & pilyng up of ij shippes of Waltill.

1443 in J. A. Kingdon Arch. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1886) II. 257 (MED) Item, paide for al maner Costages of Beelding, that is to sey, Masonz, Carpenters..and for al maner costes in pileng of the diche.

1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Entassement, heaping, a piling.

1620 G. Markham Farwell to Husbandry xv. 139 The proofe of this manner of piling or putting vp of graine, serueth as well for Land as Sea.

1674 E. Settle Notes on Empress of Morocco Revised 78 All Abdallas Subjects piled upon one another might not pull down his Fate so well as without piling.

1729 S. Switzer Compend. Method raising Brocoli (ed. 4) 39 Come we now to the piling up and Disposal of the Clay which you are to burn.

1792 Jrnl. House of Commons 13 Feb. 47 363/1 The Expence of piling, unpiling, &c. &c. as is practised in His Majesty's Yards.

1807 C. Hutton Course Math. (ed. 5) II. 262 Of the Piling of Balls and Shells.

1867 A. Barry Life & Wks. Sir C. Barry ii. 50 This piling of house upon house.

1948 T. C. Elliott Electr. Accumulator Man. iii. 26 The piling up of sludge..and the creation of possible short circuits through the growths clinging to the tubes..must be avoided.

1993 A. Horne Price of Glory (BNC) 185 What of the spiritual effects of this piling of horror upon horror at Verdun?

2. Tanning. The placing of hides in a pile in order to sweat them and cause the hair to come off; †a pile so formed (obsolete); any process for removing the hair from hides, as hanging in a stove.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > [noun] > cleaning hides > removing hairs

unhairing1842

pilinga1877

beaming1885

slating1885

1773 Art of tanning & currying Leather 11 There are four pilings, three of which are 32 Hides, and one of 16.

a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1703/2 Piling... (Leather) Unhairing hides by piling or hanging up in a stove, so called.

1885 C. T. Davis Manuf. Leather (1897) vii. 126 Piling is nothing more nor less than a slow inward sweating.

1997 Leather (Nexis) Sept. 37 In piling and storing, care must be taken to ensure that the skins do not start to dry.

Compounds

† piling furnace n. Obsolete a furnace in which piles (pile n.⁶ 1g) of puddled iron bars are reheated for rolling or forging.

ΚΠ

1861 W. Fairbairn Iron 121 The pieces [of scrap iron]..being piled or faggotted into convenient sized masses..are placed in a reheating or piling furnace.

piling swivel n. a type of swivel mounting attached to a gun.

ΚΠ

1904 Westm. Gaz. 9 Dec. 7/2 A cut-off..—with a piling swivel subsequently asked for—is fitted to all naval rifles.

2001 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 16 Oct. 22 The wily Pathans..seem to have been born with ex-Army Lee Enfields grafted to their elbows (piling swivels in full working order).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	piling
释义	pilingn.¹ Brit. /ˈpʌɪlɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpaɪlɪŋ/ Forms: late Middle English pilynge, late Middle English pylyng, 1500s–1600s pyling, 1600s pilinge, 1600s– piling. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pile n.¹, -ing suffix¹; pile v.¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: Partly < pile n.¹ + -ing suffix¹, and partly < pile v.¹ + -ing suffix¹. 1. The action of driving piles into the ground; the construction of a foundation, etc., with piles. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > [noun] > building foundations > with piles piling1347 pallification1624 pile-work1702 pile-driving1809 spiling1841 1347 in L. F. Salzman Building in Eng. (1992) App. B. 435 (MED) Et predicti Decanus et Capitulum facient expensas pro predicto Wharfo, circa pilyng si necesse fuerit, et circa fossura tocius predicti operis. c1440 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 143 (MED) In mundacione de langmerdyk cum le pylyng ibidem fact. c1582 T. Digges Briefe Disc. Dover Hauen in Archaeologia (1794) 11 226 Yt is..doubtfull..whether they shall euer with any pyling reach so deepe as to make a sure foundation. 1624 H. Wotton Elements Archit. i. 26 I haue sayd nothing of Pallification, or Pyling of the Ground-plot..when we build vpon a moist or marshy soile. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia at Pallification Piling of the ground plot. 1739 C. Labelye Short Acct. Piers Westm. Bridge 55 The Grounds which most require piling are a loose Sand, soft Clays, and..fenny Places. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §336 The piling of this foundation was finished. 1845 F. Beavan Life in Backwoods N.B. 46 The wife..toiled with him in piling and fencing as well as in planting and reaping. 1898 Engin. Mag. 16 91 The timber..is chiefly for piling purposes and spars. 1973 Daily Tel. 3 Apr. 21 (advt.) Piling has also been completed on the Hutchison House site and construction of the foundation is well in hand. 1991 Offshore Engineer Sept. 15/3 After four days of piling, installation contractor HeereMac lifted on the 6600t cellar deck. 2. A group or line of piles (pile n.¹); a structure composed of piles; pilework; wood for piles. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [noun] > wood for other specific uses mazera1200 waywoodware1334 piling1422 tenter-timber1562 pinwood1580 mazer wood1594 stop-rice1653 pudlay1679 puncheon1686 veneer1702 pit-wood1715 broach-wood1835 chipwood1838 matchwood1838 fretwood1881 pulpwood1881 coffin-wood1883 bur1885 spool-wood1895 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > foundation(s) > pile(s) pilelOE piling1422 spile1513 piloti1674 stilt1697 drift1721 bearing pile?1761 sheet-piling1789 sheeting-pile1837 screw pile1840 sheet-pile1841 sheath-piling1902 1422–7 in S. Rose Navy of Lancastrian Kings (1982) 115 Piles [and] stakes [used in the repair of the] stakynge [and] pilynge [in the port of Hamble]. 1488 Maldon (Essex) Liber B f. 39 The Brygge in Maldon..was so in decaye bothe in stone werke and also in wodyng and pylyng. 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Pilotis, a pyling with timber in water workes. 1631 Minutes Norwich Mayoral Court 1630–1 (1942) 1 June 160 Wm Aldred..shall..finde Tymber Iron worke pilinge & all other Stuffe Except masons worke. 1772 C. Hutton Princ. Bridges 99 A border of piling to secure the foundation. 1839 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 2 81/2 They are also erected on a foundation of concrete, and protected with sheet piling. 1883 Cent. Mag. 26 422 Seven hundred feet of piling were driven. 1939 A. Ransome Secret Water xiv. 170 The wood of the quay was rotting, and water was working in and out through gaps in the piling. 1944 Sun (Baltimore) 18 Mar. 6/2 It is claimed that the timber piling is not sufficiently strong to support the structure and the loads it carries; the pile caps and stringers are in poor condition. 1992 Amer. Way 1 Feb. 18/2 The warped, tilting floor, which sits on pilings, shifted in mud during the great San Francisco quake of 1906. Compounds piling engine n. a machine for driving piles into the ground. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > driving or beating tools > [noun] > pile-drivers wilkin1495 rammer1538 gin1682 pile engine1754 piling engine1763 piledriver1766 ringing engine1837 postdriver1857 1763 J. Smeaton Rep. (1797) I. 180 To piling engines, pumps, and other utensils. 1863 Daily Tel. 6 Apr. Instructed to collect timber, piling engines, staff, &c. 1995 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) (Nexis) 9 Dec. 1 The giant piling engines that have just sprung to life. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pilingn.² Brit. /ˈpʌɪlɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpaɪlɪŋ/ Forms: late Middle English pileng, late Middle English pilyng, 1500s– piling. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pile n.⁶, -ing suffix¹; pile v.², -ing suffix¹. Etymology: Partly < pile n.⁶ + -ing suffix¹, and partly < pile v.² + -ing suffix¹. 1. The action of forming into a pile or piles; heaping or stacking up; accumulation.In quot. 1443 perhaps with reference to the heaping up of the embankment of a ditch; it is possible that this quot. may instead show piling n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [noun] > composite collectiveness > accumulation > heaping or piling up heapingc900 upheapingc1374 aggeration?a1425 piling1434 coacervation1495 pilement1597 bulking1602 acervation1614 aggestion1659 exaggerationa1676 pyramiding1910 1434–6 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 237 Also paid For costis Freigh[t], cariage, Wharuage, & pilyng up of ij shippes of Waltill. 1443 in J. A. Kingdon Arch. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1886) II. 257 (MED) Item, paide for al maner Costages of Beelding, that is to sey, Masonz, Carpenters..and for al maner costes in pileng of the diche. 1580 C. Hollyband Treasurie French Tong Entassement, heaping, a piling. 1620 G. Markham Farwell to Husbandry xv. 139 The proofe of this manner of piling or putting vp of graine, serueth as well for Land as Sea. 1674 E. Settle Notes on Empress of Morocco Revised 78 All Abdallas Subjects piled upon one another might not pull down his Fate so well as without piling. 1729 S. Switzer Compend. Method raising Brocoli (ed. 4) 39 Come we now to the piling up and Disposal of the Clay which you are to burn. 1792 Jrnl. House of Commons 13 Feb. 47 363/1 The Expence of piling, unpiling, &c. &c. as is practised in His Majesty's Yards. 1807 C. Hutton Course Math. (ed. 5) II. 262 Of the Piling of Balls and Shells. 1867 A. Barry Life & Wks. Sir C. Barry ii. 50 This piling of house upon house. 1948 T. C. Elliott Electr. Accumulator Man. iii. 26 The piling up of sludge..and the creation of possible short circuits through the growths clinging to the tubes..must be avoided. 1993 A. Horne Price of Glory (BNC) 185 What of the spiritual effects of this piling of horror upon horror at Verdun? 2. Tanning. The placing of hides in a pile in order to sweat them and cause the hair to come off; †a pile so formed (obsolete); any process for removing the hair from hides, as hanging in a stove. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > [noun] > cleaning hides > removing hairs unhairing1842 pilinga1877 beaming1885 slating1885 1773 Art of tanning & currying Leather 11 There are four pilings, three of which are 32 Hides, and one of 16. a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1703/2 Piling... (Leather) Unhairing hides by piling or hanging up in a stove, so called. 1885 C. T. Davis Manuf. Leather (1897) vii. 126 Piling is nothing more nor less than a slow inward sweating. 1997 Leather (Nexis) Sept. 37 In piling and storing, care must be taken to ensure that the skins do not start to dry. Compounds † piling furnace n. Obsolete a furnace in which piles (pile n.⁶ 1g) of puddled iron bars are reheated for rolling or forging. ΚΠ 1861 W. Fairbairn Iron 121 The pieces [of scrap iron]..being piled or faggotted into convenient sized masses..are placed in a reheating or piling furnace. piling swivel n. a type of swivel mounting attached to a gun. ΚΠ 1904 Westm. Gaz. 9 Dec. 7/2 A cut-off..—with a piling swivel subsequently asked for—is fitted to all naval rifles. 2001 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 16 Oct. 22 The wily Pathans..seem to have been born with ex-Army Lee Enfields grafted to their elbows (piling swivels in full working order). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1347n.²1434
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pilingn.1

Compounds

pilingn.2

Compounds

pilingn.¹

pilingn.²