phrenologyn.

Brit.

/frᵻˈnɒlədʒi/, U.S.

/frəˈnɑlədʒi/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: phreno- comb. form, -logy comb. form.

Etymology: < phreno- comb. form + -logy comb. form (see quot. 1811 at sense 1). Forster appears to have been the originator of use in sense 2 (see quot. 1815 at sense 2); compare French phrénologie (1818 or earlier in sense 2, German Phrenologie (1833 or earlier in sense 2).

Now chiefly historical.

†1. The scientific study of the mind; psychology. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1810 Poulson's Amer. Daily Advertiser (Philadelphia) 16 Mar. 3 Moral Science, comprehending Phrenology or the history of the human mind.

1811 B. Rush Sixteen Introd. Lect. xi. 271 Very different is the state of phrenology, if I may be allowed to coin a word, to designate the science of the mind.

1883 O. T. Mason in Ann. Rep. Board Regents Smithsonian Inst., 1881 499 We find this being [sc. man] endowed with a set of faculties called intellectual, allied in certain particulars to those of the lower animals, but so far transcending them as to form a separate branch of study, requiring totally diverse methods and machinery of observation... To all these studies we have given the name of Comparative Psychology or Phrenology.

2. The theory that the mental powers or characteristics of an individual consist of separate faculties, each of which has its location in an organ found in a definite region of the surface of the brain, the size or development of which is commensurate with the development of the particular faculty; the study of the external conformation of the cranium as an index to the position and degree of development of the various faculties. Cf. earlier craniology n. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > faculty psychology > [noun]

phrenology1815

faculty psychology1890

faculty doctrine1912

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > faculty psychology > psychological study of the skull > [noun]

cranioscopy1804

craniology1806

craniognosy1810

craniognomy1813

organology1814

phrenology1815

zoonomy1815

bumpology1822

turnipology1824

organoscopy1864

1815 T. Forster (title of pamphlet) in Pamphleteer 5 219 Sketch of the new Anatomy and Physiology of the Brain and Nervous System of Drs. Gall and Spurzheim, considered as comprehending a complete system of Phrenology. [When reprinted in the same year, ‘Phrenology’ was altered to ‘Zoonomy’.]

1819 G. Combe Ess. Phrenol. Introd. The real subject of the system is the Human Mind: I have therefore adopted the term ‘Phrenology’..as the most appropriate, and that which Dr. Spurzheim has for some years employed.

1844 R. W. Emerson Ess. 2nd Ser. vi. 194 Astronomy to the selfish becomes astrology;..and anatomy and physiology become phrenology and palmistry.

1913 J. Muir Story of my Boyhood vii. 122 The graham bread and anti-flesh doctrines came suddenly into our backwoods neighborhood, making a stir something like phrenology and spirit-rappings.

1964 C. Chaplin My Autobiogr. iii. 42 Zarmo was also interested in phrenology and would read our characters.

1990 Independent on Sunday 28 Jan. 14/1 Soon after Goya died in exile in 1828, his head was stolen from his tomb in Bordeaux by devotees of the pseudo-science of phrenology.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	phrenology
释义	phrenologyn. Brit. /frᵻˈnɒlədʒi/, U.S. /frəˈnɑlədʒi/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: phreno- comb. form, -logy comb. form. Etymology: < phreno- comb. form + -logy comb. form (see quot. 1811 at sense 1). Forster appears to have been the originator of use in sense 2 (see quot. 1815 at sense 2); compare French phrénologie (1818 or earlier in sense 2, German Phrenologie (1833 or earlier in sense 2). Now chiefly historical. †1. The scientific study of the mind; psychology. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1810 Poulson's Amer. Daily Advertiser (Philadelphia) 16 Mar. 3 Moral Science, comprehending Phrenology or the history of the human mind. 1811 B. Rush Sixteen Introd. Lect. xi. 271 Very different is the state of phrenology, if I may be allowed to coin a word, to designate the science of the mind. 1883 O. T. Mason in Ann. Rep. Board Regents Smithsonian Inst., 1881 499 We find this being [sc. man] endowed with a set of faculties called intellectual, allied in certain particulars to those of the lower animals, but so far transcending them as to form a separate branch of study, requiring totally diverse methods and machinery of observation... To all these studies we have given the name of Comparative Psychology or Phrenology. 2. The theory that the mental powers or characteristics of an individual consist of separate faculties, each of which has its location in an organ found in a definite region of the surface of the brain, the size or development of which is commensurate with the development of the particular faculty; the study of the external conformation of the cranium as an index to the position and degree of development of the various faculties. Cf. earlier craniology n. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > faculty psychology > [noun] phrenology1815 faculty psychology1890 faculty doctrine1912 the mind > mental capacity > psychology > faculty psychology > psychological study of the skull > [noun] cranioscopy1804 craniology1806 craniognosy1810 craniognomy1813 organology1814 phrenology1815 zoonomy1815 bumpology1822 turnipology1824 organoscopy1864 1815 T. Forster (title of pamphlet) in Pamphleteer 5 219 Sketch of the new Anatomy and Physiology of the Brain and Nervous System of Drs. Gall and Spurzheim, considered as comprehending a complete system of Phrenology. [When reprinted in the same year, ‘Phrenology’ was altered to ‘Zoonomy’.] 1819 G. Combe Ess. Phrenol. Introd. The real subject of the system is the Human Mind: I have therefore adopted the term ‘Phrenology’..as the most appropriate, and that which Dr. Spurzheim has for some years employed. 1844 R. W. Emerson Ess. 2nd Ser. vi. 194 Astronomy to the selfish becomes astrology;..and anatomy and physiology become phrenology and palmistry. 1913 J. Muir Story of my Boyhood vii. 122 The graham bread and anti-flesh doctrines came suddenly into our backwoods neighborhood, making a stir something like phrenology and spirit-rappings. 1964 C. Chaplin My Autobiogr. iii. 42 Zarmo was also interested in phrenology and would read our characters. 1990 Independent on Sunday 28 Jan. 14/1 Soon after Goya died in exile in 1828, his head was stolen from his tomb in Bordeaux by devotees of the pseudo-science of phrenology. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1810
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