pirnn.¹

Brit.

/pəːn/, U.S.

/pərn/, Scottish English

/pɪrn/

Forms: late Middle English pyrne, 1500s–1700s pirne, 1500s– pirn, 1800s purn (English regional (Cumberland)), 1900s– pern, 1900s– perne; Scottish pre-1700 peyrne, pre-1700 prine (transmission error), pre-1700 pyrne, pre-1700 1700s pirne, pre-1700 1700s–1800s pyrn, pre-1700 1700s– pirn, 1700s pirme (Orkney), 1800s– pirm (Shetland), 1800s– purn, 1900s– pirrin, 1900s– purm (Orkney).

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps an imitative or expressive formation.

Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps imitative. J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang.(1808) at that entry points out that in sense 1 ‘it is sometimes called a broach’ (compare broach n.¹ 4), and it may thus be, like pirn n.², originally a metathetic variant of preen n.; but there is no evidence of any overlap or confusion in form or sense between the two words to support such an argument.

Now Scottish and English regional.

a. A bobbin, spool, or reel; spec. (in early use) a small cylinder on which thread, etc., is bound, usually made from a hollow reed or quill; (in later use) a wood, metal, or (occasionally) paper spool designed to hold the weft yarn in the shuttle; a weaver's bobbin. Also: a bobbin or reel with yarn wound on it; a reel of thread or cotton. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > winding on spool or bobbin > spool or bobbin

spoolc1325

pirn1440

rocket1440

quillc1450

bobbin1530

reed1530

spill1594

twill1664

ratchet1728

pirnie1776

runner1784

reel1785

spindle1837

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > winding on spool or bobbin > spool or bobbin > specific

tavell1523

pirn1829

spool1852

token1878

mother-in-babe1919

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 402 Pyrne, of a webstarys loome, panus [an error reproduced by Palsgrave].

1474 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 25 Item viij pirnis of gold for the sammyn harnessing, price of the pirne xs.; summa iiij li.

1502 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 289 Item..for xv pirn of gold.

c1550 Clariodus (1830) iii. 959 Scho bought hir pirnis baith of gold and silke.

1610 Brechin Test. III. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue f. 100 Aucht pirnis counterfut gold.

a1694 A. Balfour Lett. (1700) 210 In the Highest Storie there are Innumerable Pirns of Silk.

1721 A. Ramsay Elegy Patie Birnie Prol. (note) The pirn, or little hollow reed which holds the yarn in the shuttle.

1792 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. II. 510 Fit..to earn their bread at home, the women by spinning, and the men by filling pirns, (rolling up yarn upon lake reeds, cut in small pieces for the shuttle).

1829 E. Irving Tale of Times of Martyrs in A. Cunningham Anniversary 283 Her spinning wheel..having no heck, but a moveable eye which was carried along the pirn by a heart-motion.

1831 W. Patrick Pop. Descr. Plants Lanarkshire 82 The stalks [of Arundo Phragmites] were formerly used for making weaver's pirns.

a1886 D. Grant Sc. Stories (1888) 64 Gin a customer ca'd for a penny pirn.

1919 W. B. Yeats Wild Swans at Coole 36 He unpacks the loaded pern Of all 'twas pain or joy to learn.

1950 T. R. Henn Lonely Tower 185 Within the cones moves the ‘perne’, a spool which unwinds the thread spirally as the sphere moves onward.

1977 BSI News June 19/1 Weft pirns for woollen and worsted yarns.

1989 Daily News Record (U.S.) (Nexis) 1 Feb. 11 Occurrence of ‘double pick’ at the change of pirns is almost zero with air-jet looms, the Toyobo manager noted.

b. Thread or yarn wound on a bobbin, reel, or shuttle; the amount of yarn a bobbin or reel will hold. Now rare.Cf. quots. 1474 at sense 1a, 1502 at sense 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > pirnful

pirn1710

1710 T. Ruddiman in G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneis (new ed.) Gloss. at Pyrnit The Women and Weavers [of Scotland] call a small parcel of yarn put on a broach, (as they name it,) or as much as is put into the shuttle at once, a Pyrn, but most commonly the stick on which it is put passes under that name.

1835 J. Abbott Princ. Hydraul. Engine 127 Pirn, the wound yarn that is on a weaver's shuttle.

1894 J. Menzies Our Town 20 All through the long days..to have troubles with brittle yarn and tangled ‘pirns’.

1935 Jrnl. Royal Statist. Soc. Suppl. 2 49 The ‘errors of measurement’ are not completely eliminated even when a whole pirn is tested, but they are reduced.

†2. An imperfection or cockle in a piece of cloth, caused by different kinds of yarn being woven together. Cf. cockle n.³ Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > defects or irregularities in

burlc1440

scawe1463

stour1472

brack1552

pirn1688

sheave1696

sprit1737

sprat1756

crow's foot1948

pill1954

soil1959

1688 in W. R. Scott Rec. Sc. Cloth Manufactory New Mills (1905) 187 The..cloaths..being badly dressed and milned and some pirns in them.

1702 in Rec. Cloth Manuf. (1905) 329 A piece of cloath..quherein there was a pirne and change yearn..soe that when the same was cutt there was a coat spoiled.

1733 P. Lindsay Interest Scotl. 166 We should have no more bad Cloth, nor any Cloth disliklied by Bars, Strips, or Pirns, occasioned by putting different Kinds of Yarn..in the same piece.

1880 Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (new ed.) at Pyrnit They still say in Angus, that a web is all pirned, when woven with unequal yarn.]

3. Any device or object which resembles a reel or is used for winding; esp. a fishing reel.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > [noun] > for performing specific processes > for winding

rice1611

whare1688

pirn1750

spool1864

1750 Aberdeen Jrnl. 13 Nov. 4/1 Brass Pirns for Fishing-rods, Castwork of all sorts for Clock-makers, and Blacksmiths.

1794 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 84 17 The curvature of the wire, acquired by its being wound round a pirn, was not entirely unfolded for some months.

1833 J. S. Sands Poems 78 Auld Jacob's staff and fishing pirn.

1839 T. C. Hofland Brit. Angler's Man. (1841) i. 6 A winch or reel, is used for running-tackle, and is generally made of brass, but I have seen them in Scotland made of wood, where they are called pirns.

1900 C. Murray Hamewith 3 Hear the whirr o' the miller's pirn.

1988 Financial Times (Nexis) 9 Apr. (Weekend section) 17 A rare Scottish pirn, a device for fixing the rod to a boat, made £750.

Phrases

†P1. to wind (also ravel, etc.) someone a pirn and variants: to create problems for someone; to get someone into difficulty. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1571 Mary Queen of Scots in Cal. State Papers Scotl. (1905) IV. 60 We sal yit wirk [perh. read wind] them a pirne that studyes to circumvene us.

a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 201 Throw sic displesour he hes wynd him ane pirne.

1718 A. Ramsay Christ's-kirk on Green iii. 28 I'se wind ye a Pirn, To reel some Day.

1791 J. Learmont Poems Pastoral 164 Ye're now ane o' my hopefu'st bairns, Tho' ance ye ravell'd sair my pirns.

1904 A. Lang Hist. Scotl. III. ii. 48 Argyll is said to have advised Charles to keep him [sc. Lorne] in England or else he would wind him a pirn.]

†P2. to wind (up) one's pirn: to make an end of something, to finish up. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease activity [verb (intransitive)]

i-swikec893

swikec897

atwindc1000

linOE

studegieOE

stintc1175

letc1200

stuttea1225

leavec1225

astint1250

doc1300

finec1300

blina1325

cease1330

stable1377

resta1382

ho1390

to say or cry ho1390

resta1398

astartc1400

discontinuec1425

surcease1428

to let offc1450

resista1475

finish1490

to lay a straw?a1505

to give over1526

succease1551

to put (also pack) up one's pipes1556

end1557

to stay (one's own or another's) hand1560

stick1574

stay1576

to draw bridle1577

to draw rein1577

to set down one's rest1589

overgive1592

absist1614

subsista1639

beholdc1650

unbridle1653

to knock offa1657

acquiesce1659

to set (up) one's rest1663

sista1676

stop1689

to draw rein1725

subside1734

remit1765

to let up1787

to wind (up) one's pirna1835

to cry crack1888

to shut off1896

to pack in1906

to close down1921

to pack up1925

to sign off1929

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > be at an end [verb (intransitive)] > make an end, finish up, or conclude

have done!c1300

conclude1526

dispatcha1616

period1628

finale1797

to wind up1825

to wind (up) one's pirna1835

to top off1836

finish1878

finalize1922

to drop the flag1925

a1835 W. Motherwell Paisley Ball in Sc. Haggis (1858) 161 I'll just wind up my pirn, and hae done with a remark or sae.

†P3. an ill-favoured pirn: a troublesome or complicated situation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > types of difficulty > [noun] > difficulty or complexity > instance of > and confused

snarl1631

tangle1757

twaddle1785

an ill-favoured pirn1828

muddle1857

fankle1890

tie-up1906

snarl-up1960

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 45 By the Thane's Cross, man..this is an ill favoured pirn to wind.

†P4. to wind (oneself) a (bonny) pirn: to get into difficulty or become entangled. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > of difficulty: beset (a person) [verb (transitive)] > put (a person) in difficulty

mire?c1400

to make (a place, situation, etc.) too hot for1582

difficult1641

to wind (oneself) a (bonny) pirn1660

swamp1818

to be rough on1860

taigle1865

soup1895

hot1920

to hot up1927

1660 Ld. Wariston Diary (1940) III. 177 He is lyk to sitt between tuo stooles and may wind himself a pirne.

1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. x. 210 Ye'll spin and wind yoursell a bonnie pirn.

Compounds

C1.

pirn winder n.

ΚΠ

1765 Caledonian Mercury 10 July 325 Several Boys and Girls to serve as wooll-spinners, wooll-pickers, and pirn-winders.

1895 A. Philip Parish of Longforgan x. 276 A good canny pirn-winder.

1997 T. Pynchon Mason & Dixon 768 The work-shed grew clutter'd with shafts and weft-forks, pirn winders and pistons, silk-reels and boiler gauges.

pirn-winding n.

ΚΠ

1894 A. S. Robertson Provost o' Glendookie 54 Seventy years of pirn-winding.

1901 Westm. Gaz. 8 Feb. 2/1 ‘Pirn-winding’, an accessory trade to hand-loom weaving, will, no doubt, die with the present workers.

1961 OR 12 290 The calculations concerned all the weaving mills of the cotton industry and considered the looms, cross winding and pirn winding machines, dressing machines and warpers.

C2.

pirn cage n. now rare a frame for holding pirns or bobbins.

ΚΠ

1880 W. H. Patterson Gloss. Words Antrim & Down Pirn cage, an arrangement of pins standing up from a square frame, in which ‘pirns’ or bobbins are stuck—used in power-loom factories.

1920 Amer. Econ. Rev. 10 51 Pirns, pirn cages, spools, belting, driving ropes, damask cards, designs, patterns, models, furniture and fixtures.

† pirn-cap n. Obsolete rare a bowl used to hold weaver's reels.

ΚΠ

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Pirn-cap, a wooden bowl, used by weavers for holding their quills.

pirn-girnel n. rare a box for holding pirns while they are being wound with yarn.

ΚΠ

1907 N.E.D. at Pirn Pirn-girnel.

† pirn-house n. Obsolete rare a small building in which cloth is woven.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > weaving > place for

weaving-housec1440

weaving-shop1564

shop1614

loom-shed1835

loom-shop1835

weaving-mill1835

weaving-room1844

weaving-shed1844

weaving-factory1845

pirn-house1867

loom-stead1869

loom-stance1876

1867 E. Johnston Poems 129 Nae mair in oor pirn-house Ye'll hunt the rats, nor catch a moose.

pirn-mill n. now rare a mill where bobbins are manufactured.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific things are made > [noun] > bobbins

bobbin-mill1857

pirn-mill1915

1915 W. B. Yeats Reveries 13 Another day a sea captain pointed to the smoke from the Pern mill on the quays.

1938 in Sc. National Dict. (1968) VII. 140/1 The Pirners' Bridge, so-called either because bobbin-makers crossed it to get birch-timber in the adjacent copse to make their pirns, or because a pirn-mill once stood near it.

† pirn-stick n. Obsolete a wooden spindle which holds the pirn or bobbin during spinning; (figurative) a narrow, spindly leg.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > on reel > spindle on which yarn is placed

pirn-stick1843

1843 Children in Trades Rep. II. i. 3 Some men beat their boys more than others, with a ‘pin-stick’ [sic] as thick as his small finger.

1854 D. Robertson Laird of Logan (new ed.) 81 Legs liker twa German flutes than the limbs o'a human being; ye surely dinna depend on yon twa pirn-sticks carrying you to your grave!

1864 W. D. Latto Tammas Bodkin xxv. 257 My legs..they're like pirn-sticks buskit in breeks.

pirn wheel n. now rare a wheel for winding thread on to bobbins.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > winding on spool or bobbin > wheel for

pirn wheel1536

quill-turn1564

quill wheel1762

1536–7 in J. Imrie et al. Burgh Court Bk. Selkirk (1960) 178 Twa pirne quhelis.

1760 W. Hector Judicial Rec. (1876) I. 155 Two Pirn wheels. Two Pirn Winnels.

1896 ‘G. Setoun’ Robert Urquhart xxii. 226 Women discussed it at their pirn-wheels.

1920 D. H. Edwards Muirside 25 The pirn wheel was to be seen at work in every weaver's home.

† pirn wife n. Obsolete rare a woman employed to wind yarn on to bobbins.

ΚΠ

1869 E. Johnston Poems 132 Oor pirn wife's gane awa'.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pirn
释义	pirnn.¹ Brit. /pəːn/, U.S. /pərn/, Scottish English /pɪrn/ Forms: late Middle English pyrne, 1500s–1700s pirne, 1500s– pirn, 1800s purn (English regional (Cumberland)), 1900s– pern, 1900s– perne; Scottish pre-1700 peyrne, pre-1700 prine (transmission error), pre-1700 pyrne, pre-1700 1700s pirne, pre-1700 1700s–1800s pyrn, pre-1700 1700s– pirn, 1700s pirme (Orkney), 1800s– pirm (Shetland), 1800s– purn, 1900s– pirrin, 1900s– purm (Orkney). Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps an imitative or expressive formation. Etymology: Origin uncertain. Perhaps imitative. J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang.(1808) at that entry points out that in sense 1 ‘it is sometimes called a broach’ (compare broach n.¹ 4), and it may thus be, like pirn n.², originally a metathetic variant of preen n.; but there is no evidence of any overlap or confusion in form or sense between the two words to support such an argument. Now Scottish and English regional. 1. a. A bobbin, spool, or reel; spec. (in early use) a small cylinder on which thread, etc., is bound, usually made from a hollow reed or quill; (in later use) a wood, metal, or (occasionally) paper spool designed to hold the weft yarn in the shuttle; a weaver's bobbin. Also: a bobbin or reel with yarn wound on it; a reel of thread or cotton. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > winding on spool or bobbin > spool or bobbin spoolc1325 pirn1440 rocket1440 quillc1450 bobbin1530 reed1530 spill1594 twill1664 ratchet1728 pirnie1776 runner1784 reel1785 spindle1837 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > winding on spool or bobbin > spool or bobbin > specific tavell1523 pirn1829 spool1852 token1878 mother-in-babe1919 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 402 Pyrne, of a webstarys loome, panus [an error reproduced by Palsgrave]. 1474 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 25 Item viij pirnis of gold for the sammyn harnessing, price of the pirne xs.; summa iiij li. 1502 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 289 Item..for xv pirn of gold. c1550 Clariodus (1830) iii. 959 Scho bought hir pirnis baith of gold and silke. 1610 Brechin Test. III. in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue f. 100 Aucht pirnis counterfut gold. a1694 A. Balfour Lett. (1700) 210 In the Highest Storie there are Innumerable Pirns of Silk. 1721 A. Ramsay Elegy Patie Birnie Prol. (note) The pirn, or little hollow reed which holds the yarn in the shuttle. 1792 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. II. 510 Fit..to earn their bread at home, the women by spinning, and the men by filling pirns, (rolling up yarn upon lake reeds, cut in small pieces for the shuttle). 1829 E. Irving Tale of Times of Martyrs in A. Cunningham Anniversary 283 Her spinning wheel..having no heck, but a moveable eye which was carried along the pirn by a heart-motion. 1831 W. Patrick Pop. Descr. Plants Lanarkshire 82 The stalks [of Arundo Phragmites] were formerly used for making weaver's pirns. a1886 D. Grant Sc. Stories (1888) 64 Gin a customer ca'd for a penny pirn. 1919 W. B. Yeats Wild Swans at Coole 36 He unpacks the loaded pern Of all 'twas pain or joy to learn. 1950 T. R. Henn Lonely Tower 185 Within the cones moves the ‘perne’, a spool which unwinds the thread spirally as the sphere moves onward. 1977 BSI News June 19/1 Weft pirns for woollen and worsted yarns. 1989 Daily News Record (U.S.) (Nexis) 1 Feb. 11 Occurrence of ‘double pick’ at the change of pirns is almost zero with air-jet looms, the Toyobo manager noted. b. Thread or yarn wound on a bobbin, reel, or shuttle; the amount of yarn a bobbin or reel will hold. Now rare.Cf. quots. 1474 at sense 1a, 1502 at sense 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > pirnful pirn1710 1710 T. Ruddiman in G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneis (new ed.) Gloss. at Pyrnit The Women and Weavers [of Scotland] call a small parcel of yarn put on a broach, (as they name it,) or as much as is put into the shuttle at once, a Pyrn, but most commonly the stick on which it is put passes under that name. 1835 J. Abbott Princ. Hydraul. Engine 127 Pirn, the wound yarn that is on a weaver's shuttle. 1894 J. Menzies Our Town 20 All through the long days..to have troubles with brittle yarn and tangled ‘pirns’. 1935 Jrnl. Royal Statist. Soc. Suppl. 2 49 The ‘errors of measurement’ are not completely eliminated even when a whole pirn is tested, but they are reduced. †2. An imperfection or cockle in a piece of cloth, caused by different kinds of yarn being woven together. Cf. cockle n.³ Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > defects or irregularities in burlc1440 scawe1463 stour1472 brack1552 pirn1688 sheave1696 sprit1737 sprat1756 crow's foot1948 pill1954 soil1959 1688 in W. R. Scott Rec. Sc. Cloth Manufactory New Mills (1905) 187 The..cloaths..being badly dressed and milned and some pirns in them. 1702 in Rec. Cloth Manuf. (1905) 329 A piece of cloath..quherein there was a pirne and change yearn..soe that when the same was cutt there was a coat spoiled. 1733 P. Lindsay Interest Scotl. 166 We should have no more bad Cloth, nor any Cloth disliklied by Bars, Strips, or Pirns, occasioned by putting different Kinds of Yarn..in the same piece. 1880 Jamieson's Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (new ed.) at Pyrnit They still say in Angus, that a web is all pirned, when woven with unequal yarn.] 3. Any device or object which resembles a reel or is used for winding; esp. a fishing reel. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > [noun] > for performing specific processes > for winding rice1611 whare1688 pirn1750 spool1864 1750 Aberdeen Jrnl. 13 Nov. 4/1 Brass Pirns for Fishing-rods, Castwork of all sorts for Clock-makers, and Blacksmiths. 1794 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 84 17 The curvature of the wire, acquired by its being wound round a pirn, was not entirely unfolded for some months. 1833 J. S. Sands Poems 78 Auld Jacob's staff and fishing pirn. 1839 T. C. Hofland Brit. Angler's Man. (1841) i. 6 A winch or reel, is used for running-tackle, and is generally made of brass, but I have seen them in Scotland made of wood, where they are called pirns. 1900 C. Murray Hamewith 3 Hear the whirr o' the miller's pirn. 1988 Financial Times (Nexis) 9 Apr. (Weekend section) 17 A rare Scottish pirn, a device for fixing the rod to a boat, made £750. Phrases †P1. to wind (also ravel, etc.) someone a pirn and variants: to create problems for someone; to get someone into difficulty. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1571 Mary Queen of Scots in Cal. State Papers Scotl. (1905) IV. 60 We sal yit wirk [perh. read wind] them a pirne that studyes to circumvene us. a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 201 Throw sic displesour he hes wynd him ane pirne. 1718 A. Ramsay Christ's-kirk on Green iii. 28 I'se wind ye a Pirn, To reel some Day. 1791 J. Learmont Poems Pastoral 164 Ye're now ane o' my hopefu'st bairns, Tho' ance ye ravell'd sair my pirns. 1904 A. Lang Hist. Scotl. III. ii. 48 Argyll is said to have advised Charles to keep him [sc. Lorne] in England or else he would wind him a pirn.] †P2. to wind (up) one's pirn: to make an end of something, to finish up. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease activity [verb (intransitive)] i-swikec893 swikec897 atwindc1000 linOE studegieOE stintc1175 letc1200 stuttea1225 leavec1225 astint1250 doc1300 finec1300 blina1325 cease1330 stable1377 resta1382 ho1390 to say or cry ho1390 resta1398 astartc1400 discontinuec1425 surcease1428 to let offc1450 resista1475 finish1490 to lay a straw?a1505 to give over1526 succease1551 to put (also pack) up one's pipes1556 end1557 to stay (one's own or another's) hand1560 stick1574 stay1576 to draw bridle1577 to draw rein1577 to set down one's rest1589 overgive1592 absist1614 subsista1639 beholdc1650 unbridle1653 to knock offa1657 acquiesce1659 to set (up) one's rest1663 sista1676 stop1689 to draw rein1725 subside1734 remit1765 to let up1787 to wind (up) one's pirna1835 to cry crack1888 to shut off1896 to pack in1906 to close down1921 to pack up1925 to sign off1929 the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > be at an end [verb (intransitive)] > make an end, finish up, or conclude have done!c1300 conclude1526 dispatcha1616 period1628 finale1797 to wind up1825 to wind (up) one's pirna1835 to top off1836 finish1878 finalize1922 to drop the flag1925 a1835 W. Motherwell Paisley Ball in Sc. Haggis (1858) 161 I'll just wind up my pirn, and hae done with a remark or sae. †P3. an ill-favoured pirn: a troublesome or complicated situation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > types of difficulty > [noun] > difficulty or complexity > instance of > and confused snarl1631 tangle1757 twaddle1785 an ill-favoured pirn1828 muddle1857 fankle1890 tie-up1906 snarl-up1960 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth ii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 45 By the Thane's Cross, man..this is an ill favoured pirn to wind. †P4. to wind (oneself) a (bonny) pirn: to get into difficulty or become entangled. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > of difficulty: beset (a person) [verb (transitive)] > put (a person) in difficulty mire?c1400 to make (a place, situation, etc.) too hot for1582 difficult1641 to wind (oneself) a (bonny) pirn1660 swamp1818 to be rough on1860 taigle1865 soup1895 hot1920 to hot up1927 1660 Ld. Wariston Diary (1940) III. 177 He is lyk to sitt between tuo stooles and may wind himself a pirne. 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. x. 210 Ye'll spin and wind yoursell a bonnie pirn. Compounds C1. pirn winder n. ΚΠ 1765 Caledonian Mercury 10 July 325 Several Boys and Girls to serve as wooll-spinners, wooll-pickers, and pirn-winders. 1895 A. Philip Parish of Longforgan x. 276 A good canny pirn-winder. 1997 T. Pynchon Mason & Dixon 768 The work-shed grew clutter'd with shafts and weft-forks, pirn winders and pistons, silk-reels and boiler gauges. pirn-winding n. ΚΠ 1894 A. S. Robertson Provost o' Glendookie 54 Seventy years of pirn-winding. 1901 Westm. Gaz. 8 Feb. 2/1 ‘Pirn-winding’, an accessory trade to hand-loom weaving, will, no doubt, die with the present workers. 1961 OR 12 290 The calculations concerned all the weaving mills of the cotton industry and considered the looms, cross winding and pirn winding machines, dressing machines and warpers. C2. pirn cage n. now rare a frame for holding pirns or bobbins. ΚΠ 1880 W. H. Patterson Gloss. Words Antrim & Down Pirn cage, an arrangement of pins standing up from a square frame, in which ‘pirns’ or bobbins are stuck—used in power-loom factories. 1920 Amer. Econ. Rev. 10 51 Pirns, pirn cages, spools, belting, driving ropes, damask cards, designs, patterns, models, furniture and fixtures. † pirn-cap n. Obsolete rare a bowl used to hold weaver's reels. ΚΠ 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Pirn-cap, a wooden bowl, used by weavers for holding their quills. pirn-girnel n. rare a box for holding pirns while they are being wound with yarn. ΚΠ 1907 N.E.D. at Pirn Pirn-girnel. † pirn-house n. Obsolete rare a small building in which cloth is woven. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > weaving > place for weaving-housec1440 weaving-shop1564 shop1614 loom-shed1835 loom-shop1835 weaving-mill1835 weaving-room1844 weaving-shed1844 weaving-factory1845 pirn-house1867 loom-stead1869 loom-stance1876 1867 E. Johnston Poems 129 Nae mair in oor pirn-house Ye'll hunt the rats, nor catch a moose. pirn-mill n. now rare a mill where bobbins are manufactured. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific things are made > [noun] > bobbins bobbin-mill1857 pirn-mill1915 1915 W. B. Yeats Reveries 13 Another day a sea captain pointed to the smoke from the Pern mill on the quays. 1938 in Sc. National Dict. (1968) VII. 140/1 The Pirners' Bridge, so-called either because bobbin-makers crossed it to get birch-timber in the adjacent copse to make their pirns, or because a pirn-mill once stood near it. † pirn-stick n. Obsolete a wooden spindle which holds the pirn or bobbin during spinning; (figurative) a narrow, spindly leg. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > on reel > spindle on which yarn is placed pirn-stick1843 1843 Children in Trades Rep. II. i. 3 Some men beat their boys more than others, with a ‘pin-stick’ [sic] as thick as his small finger. 1854 D. Robertson Laird of Logan (new ed.) 81 Legs liker twa German flutes than the limbs o'a human being; ye surely dinna depend on yon twa pirn-sticks carrying you to your grave! 1864 W. D. Latto Tammas Bodkin xxv. 257 My legs..they're like pirn-sticks buskit in breeks. pirn wheel n. now rare a wheel for winding thread on to bobbins. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [noun] > winding > winding on spool or bobbin > wheel for pirn wheel1536 quill-turn1564 quill wheel1762 1536–7 in J. Imrie et al. Burgh Court Bk. Selkirk (1960) 178 Twa pirne quhelis. 1760 W. Hector Judicial Rec. (1876) I. 155 Two Pirn wheels. Two Pirn Winnels. 1896 ‘G. Setoun’ Robert Urquhart xxii. 226 Women discussed it at their pirn-wheels. 1920 D. H. Edwards Muirside 25 The pirn wheel was to be seen at work in every weaver's home. † pirn wife n. Obsolete rare a woman employed to wind yarn on to bobbins. ΚΠ 1869 E. Johnston Poems 132 Oor pirn wife's gane awa'. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † pirnn.² Forms: late Middle English pirne. Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: preen n. Etymology: Probably a variant (with metathesis) of preen n. (see forms at that entry). Obsolete. rare. Probably: a twig or branch. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch > twig stickeOE twigc950 yardc950 sprintlea1250 ricec1275 twistc1374 sarmenta1398 tinea1400 lancec1400 pirnc1450 shred15.. shrubc1530 shrag1552 taunt1567 ramelet1652 hag wood1804 hag1808 fibre1810 twiglet1849 virgultum1866 thorn-twig1895 twigling1907 c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 4981 (MED) Þai fande a ferly faire tre quare-on na frute groued, Was void of all hire verdure & vacant of leues..With-outen bark ouþir bast, full of bare pirnes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online December 2021). pirnn.³ Brit. /pəːn/, U.S. /pərn/, Scottish English /pɪrn/ Forms: 1800s– pirn, 1800s– purn. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pirn n.¹ Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps a specific sense of pirn n.¹ English regional (northern) and Scottish. Now rare. A device for restraining a horse, cow, etc., esp. one consisting of a loop of cord, etc., attached to a stick (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > rings or loops ringle1419 torret1429 button?1561 French buckle1691 bridge1795 dee1795 handpiece1840 pirn1846 thill-tug1859 Irish martingale1874 pipe-loop1875 kidney-link1883 1846 W. E. Brockett J. T. Brockett's Gloss. North Country Words (ed. 3) Purn, the same as Twitch... [Twitch, an instrument applied to the nose of a vicious horse, to make it stand still during..shoeing.] 1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale Pirn, a stick with a loop of cord for twisting on the nose of a refractory horse. Pirns, a kind of ring for a vicious cow's nose. 1873 J. Harland Gloss. Words Swaledale Pirn, a stick with a noose at the end to hold an unruly horse. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pirnv. Brit. /pəːn/, U.S. /pərn/, Scottish English /pɪrn/ Forms: pre-1700 prynn, pre-1700 pyrn, pre-1700 1800s– pirn, 1900s– purn. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pirn n.¹ Etymology: < pirn n.¹ Scottish. †1. transitive. To weave (cloth) from or with threads of different colours or textures to achieve a patterned or striped effect. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [verb (transitive)] > weave > weave in pirn1494 inweave1596 intex1599 overshoot1842 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [verb (transitive)] > weave > weave in specific ways pirn1494 attex1654 interlace1694 damask1706 reweave1717 outweave1805 tweddle1808 twill1808 overweave1818 shot1847 1494 in T. Dickson Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1877) I. 224 Crammacy sattin pirnit wyth gold. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid viii. iii. 168 Ane..knychtly weyd, Pirnit and wovin full of fyn gold threyd. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. vii. 26 Riche wedis, Figurit and prynnit [1553 pyrnyt] al with goldin thredis. 2. a. transitive. To wind (thread, yarn, etc.) on to a reel or bobbin. Also intransitive: to reel a fishing line in or out. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > type or method of fishing > [verb (intransitive)] > to reel or bring in a fishing line pirn1818 retrieve1865 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture of thread or yarn > [verb (transitive)] > wind > in specific way reelc1400 conglomerate1623 spool1623 sleavea1628 agglomerate1658 skein1775 hank1818 pirn1818 lease1884 cross-reel1890 1818 [see pirning n. at Derivatives]. 1885 W. Scrope Salmon Fishing 128 Haud up yer gaud,—shorten yer line..pirn in, pirn in!—pirn out, pirn out! 1932 A. McCormick Galloway 78 When I felt a tug on the line I kent he had tried to brek it wi' his tail, then up he headed an' I purned in for a' I was fit. b. intransitive. figurative. To spin round, revolve like a bobbin. rare. ΚΠ 1897 C. M. Campbell Deilie Jock 54 The word ‘murder’ was no longer pirning in my heid. Derivatives ˈpirning n. now rare ΚΠ 1818 S. E. Ferrier Marriage I. viii The incessant carding of wool and knitting of stockings, and spinning, and reeling, and winding, and pirning, that went on amongst the ladies themselves. 1872 Arbroath Guide 28 Sept. 3 A big wheel for pirnin', a rotten auld reel. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1440n.²c1450n.³1846v.1494
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pirnn.1

Phrases

Compounds

† pirnn.2

pirnn.3

pirnv.

Derivatives

pirnn.¹

† pirnn.²

pirnn.³