pikedadj.¹

Brit.

/pʌɪkt/, U.S.

/paɪkt/

Forms: see pike n.¹ and -ed suffix²; also Middle English ypiked, 1500s piykit (Scottish).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pike n.¹, -ed suffix².

Etymology: < pike n.¹ + -ed suffix². Compare picked adj.²Attested earliest in place names (and in surnames derived from them). N.E.D.(1906) gives also a disyllabic pronunciation (pəi·kėd) /ˈpaɪkɪd/.

a. Tapering to a thin end, point, or peak; peaked. Now only in place names.Among current English place names (chiefly field names) cf. Piked Ground, Beoley, Worcestershire.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > condition of tapering to a point > [adjective]

piked1269

pointedc1325

sharp1340

peakedc1350

pricked?a1425

sharp-pointed1530

acuatea1550

piquant1549

picked1552

corned?c1562

arrow-headed1567

acuminated1578

pointing1578

acute1598

exasperated1608

spitted1626

pointy1644

sagittal1656

pecked1662

piqued1689

spired1694

piky1741

spiky1743

spiry1777

apexed1813

beak-shaped1830

peaky1832

apiculated1839

cusped1888

sagittiform1895

cuspate1896

1269 in A. H. Smith Place-names W. Riding of Yorks. (1961) VI. 136 (MED) Pykethow.

1285 in G. Kristensson Stud. Middle Eng. Topogr. Terms (1970) 81 (MED) Ad. del Pykedlee.

1289 in J. E. B. Gover et al. Place-names Wilts. (1939) 292 Pikedewode.

1327 in G. Kristensson Stud. Middle Eng. Topogr. Terms (1970) 82 (MED) Will. de la Pykedok.

1538 T. Elyot Dict. Addicion Argutum caput, a sharpe or pikyd hedde lyke a sugar lofe.

1565–73 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Compono Aciem per cuneos componere, to set in pyked fronts.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 45^v When it [sc. grass] is dryed, we..make it vp in Cockes, and after that in Moowes, which must be sharpe and piked in the toppe.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 515 A little piked hill cast up.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 42 Messapus for his high steepe piked rocks to be wondred at.

1735 F. Peck Desiderata Curiosa II. xv. 18 Q. Elizabeth (as appears by her broad Seal in Sandford) wore..her own (or false) Hair... An huge, laced, double Ruff. Long piked Stays.

1775 R. Chandler Trav. Asia Minor iii. 8 Cape named Matapan, which is the extremity of a mountain sloping gradually to a point, having before it a piked rock.

1800 D. Lysons Hist. Acct. Parishes Middlesex 159 Sir Edward is represented in armour, with piked beard and whiskers.

b. spec. Of shoes or boots: having a long peak at the toe. Now historical.Such shoes became fashionable towards the end of the 14th cent.

ΚΠ

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xx. 218 Proude prestes come with hym [sc. Sloth]..in paltokes & pyked [c1400 C text pikede] shoes.

a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) 43 Cuttede clothes and pyked schone, Thy gode fame þey wole for-done.

a1500 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 138 (MED) Nere thy pykyd schone, þou were forlorne.

1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) ii. i. 139/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I They went..with their shooes piked.

1605 W. Camden Remaines (1870) 212 Their shoes and pattens are snowted and piked more than a finger long crooking upwards, which they call Crackows.

1698 J. Crull Antient & Present State Muscovy I. 137 Their Boots..are piked towards the Toes.

1748 G. Stovin in Philos. Trans. 1747 (Royal Soc.) 44 575 Piked Shoes appear in several Reigns from Ed. III. to Rich. III. in England.

1791 Times 10 Dec. 2/3 A man who in the reigns of Edward III. Edward IV. and Henry VIII wore piked shoes, a short doublet, or a long coat, was subject to a penalty.

1898 E. L. Cutts Parish Priests & their People in Middle Ages Eng. xv. 233 He [sc. the priest] must not..wear cutted (slashed) clothes, or piked shoes.

1945 M. Waldman Eliz. & Leicester i. 15 His fellow-clerics..had discarded the bright colours, the piked shoes, the crisped hair, the fur and lace, silver and gold, of Popish times.

2004 Guardian (Nexis) 14 Aug. 10 (caption) An illustration of a selection of ‘piked’ shoes from the middle ages.

a. Furnished with a spike or spikes; spiked, pointed. Cf. picked adj.² 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > condition of tapering to a point > [adjective] > having (a) point(s)

piked?a1300

pickedc1450

needle-pointed1565

thorny-pointed1594

long-nebbed1649

fitchy1650

cuspidated1668

spit-pointed1796

pin-pointed1859

needlenose1911

?a1300 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 766 (MED) Pikede beþ þe shete, And wormes þer beþ kete.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 45 (MED) Þere þe Affres closed hym in a streiȝt tree þat was þicke pikede [L. hispido] wiþ ynne wiþ longe and scharpe nayles.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 328 (MED) With piked staues grete, beten salle he be.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 769 A park al aboute, With a pyked palays pyned ful þik.

c1447 in J. Raine Inventories & Acct. Rolls Benedictine Houses Jarrow & Monk-Wearmouth (1854) 241 (MED) He..with lang pykid staves and lang dagers mad a asawtte to ye said kepper.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vii. xiii. 62 Casting dartis or macis wyth pykyt heidis.

1561 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalips xxx. 182 He put me as a piked Arrow, he hidde mee in his quever.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 298 The enemies ships armed with piked beake-heads.

1695 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. III. iv. 211 Some of them [sc. spears] were piked or pointed at both Ends.

?1765 Staffordshire Maid (broadside ballad) His iron piked staff he laid on the ground.

1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 7 Perhaps the Hertfordshire wheel-plough, which has a piked share, may be the most suitable implement.

1871 N.Y. Herald 18 Apr. 7/2 A garden..surrounded on all sides by walls ten feet high, except on the back, where an iron piked fence of the same height opens a vista to [etc.].

1879 Mountain Democrat (Placerville, Calif.) 13 Sept. The Indians remove the fruit with a long piked pole.

1984 J. D. G. Sloss W. Green of Ambleside (BNC) 83 Men..used to approach the nest 60 yards down on a rope, and holding a piked stick in one hand to protect themselves from the parent birds' attacks.

1998 Newsday (N.Y.) (Nexis) 15 June a8 Shuttered behind a piked fence atop a knoll in the center of town, that church is closed most of the time.

b. Of an animal or plant: having sharp points, spines, or prickles; spiny (cf. picked adj.² Compounds). Now chiefly in fixed compounds: see piked dogfish n. at Compounds, piked whale n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > thorn or prickle > [adjective]

thornenc897

thornyc1000

armeda1398

pikeda1398

thornish1426

pricky1548

prickly1577

prickled1578

spiky1578

sharp-set1601

spiny1604

senticous1657

aculeous1658

spinous1668

spineal1688

spinose1693

aculeate1753

spinescent1793

aculeolate1818

aciculated1819

spinulose1819

spinulescent1836

spinulous1846

thorned1895

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [adjective] > having a hard protective covering > having spines

pikeda1398

prickled1578

spinose1661

thorny1711

prickly1774

spinous1774

spined1777

spinaceous1875

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 53 Kynde makeþ þe rigge boones hard and synewy and also piked [L. spinosa] & scharp for þe more defens of þe marouȝ.

1621 G. Sandys tr. Ovid First Five Bks. Metamorphosis iv. 98 Inuiron'd with no marish-louing Reeds, Nor piked Bull-rushes.

Compounds

piked dogfish n. = spur-dog n. at spur n.¹ Compounds 3b; cf. picked dogfish n. at picked adj.² Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Pleurotremata > [noun] > miscellaneous types of

tiburon1555

dog1673

picked dog1673

picked dogfish1740

tiger-shark1787

piked dogfish1805

ground-shark1834

sea-attorney1849

gazer1861

shovel head1881

puff shark1902

spur-dog1921

whaler shark1937

megamouth1977

1805 G. Barry Hist. Orkney iii. i. 296 The Piked Dog-Fish..known by the name of the hoe, frequently visits our coasts.

1896 J. H. Campbell Wild Life Scotl. 99 The piked dog-fish owes his common name to the pikes or spikes, standing up like detached rays, in front of the dorsal fins.

1998 BBC Vegetarian Good Food May 78/2 More than 30 species [of shark] are at home in the waters off the British Isles, the more common varieties being the basking, blue, porbeagle and piked dogfish.

piked horn n. historical a tall conical headdress worn by women in the 14th and 15th centuries.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > conical

hennin1748

piked horn1748

1580 J. Stow Annales (1601) 471 Noble women vsed high attire on their heads, piked like hornes.]

1748 H. Walpole Let. 11 Aug. in Corr. (1941) IX. 68 Anne of Bohemia..introduced the fashion of piked horns or high heads.

1892 C. R. B. Barrett Essex Highways 71 The curious headdress of piked-horns.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	piked
释义	pikedadj.¹ Brit. /pʌɪkt/, U.S. /paɪkt/ Forms: see pike n.¹ and -ed suffix²; also Middle English ypiked, 1500s piykit (Scottish). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pike n.¹, -ed suffix². Etymology: < pike n.¹ + -ed suffix². Compare picked adj.²Attested earliest in place names (and in surnames derived from them). N.E.D.(1906) gives also a disyllabic pronunciation (pəi·kėd) /ˈpaɪkɪd/. 1. a. Tapering to a thin end, point, or peak; peaked. Now only in place names.Among current English place names (chiefly field names) cf. Piked Ground, Beoley, Worcestershire. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > condition of tapering to a point > [adjective] piked1269 pointedc1325 sharp1340 peakedc1350 pricked?a1425 sharp-pointed1530 acuatea1550 piquant1549 picked1552 corned?c1562 arrow-headed1567 acuminated1578 pointing1578 acute1598 exasperated1608 spitted1626 pointy1644 sagittal1656 pecked1662 piqued1689 spired1694 piky1741 spiky1743 spiry1777 apexed1813 beak-shaped1830 peaky1832 apiculated1839 cusped1888 sagittiform1895 cuspate1896 1269 in A. H. Smith Place-names W. Riding of Yorks. (1961) VI. 136 (MED) Pykethow. 1285 in G. Kristensson Stud. Middle Eng. Topogr. Terms (1970) 81 (MED) Ad. del Pykedlee. 1289 in J. E. B. Gover et al. Place-names Wilts. (1939) 292 Pikedewode. 1327 in G. Kristensson Stud. Middle Eng. Topogr. Terms (1970) 82 (MED) Will. de la Pykedok. 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Addicion Argutum caput, a sharpe or pikyd hedde lyke a sugar lofe. 1565–73 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Compono Aciem per cuneos componere, to set in pyked fronts. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 45^v When it [sc. grass] is dryed, we..make it vp in Cockes, and after that in Moowes, which must be sharpe and piked in the toppe. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 515 A little piked hill cast up. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 42 Messapus for his high steepe piked rocks to be wondred at. 1735 F. Peck Desiderata Curiosa II. xv. 18 Q. Elizabeth (as appears by her broad Seal in Sandford) wore..her own (or false) Hair... An huge, laced, double Ruff. Long piked Stays. 1775 R. Chandler Trav. Asia Minor iii. 8 Cape named Matapan, which is the extremity of a mountain sloping gradually to a point, having before it a piked rock. 1800 D. Lysons Hist. Acct. Parishes Middlesex 159 Sir Edward is represented in armour, with piked beard and whiskers. b. spec. Of shoes or boots: having a long peak at the toe. Now historical.Such shoes became fashionable towards the end of the 14th cent. ΚΠ c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xx. 218 Proude prestes come with hym [sc. Sloth]..in paltokes & pyked [c1400 C text pikede] shoes. a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) 43 Cuttede clothes and pyked schone, Thy gode fame þey wole for-done. a1500 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 138 (MED) Nere thy pykyd schone, þou were forlorne. 1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) ii. i. 139/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I They went..with their shooes piked. 1605 W. Camden Remaines (1870) 212 Their shoes and pattens are snowted and piked more than a finger long crooking upwards, which they call Crackows. 1698 J. Crull Antient & Present State Muscovy I. 137 Their Boots..are piked towards the Toes. 1748 G. Stovin in Philos. Trans. 1747 (Royal Soc.) 44 575 Piked Shoes appear in several Reigns from Ed. III. to Rich. III. in England. 1791 Times 10 Dec. 2/3 A man who in the reigns of Edward III. Edward IV. and Henry VIII wore piked shoes, a short doublet, or a long coat, was subject to a penalty. 1898 E. L. Cutts Parish Priests & their People in Middle Ages Eng. xv. 233 He [sc. the priest] must not..wear cutted (slashed) clothes, or piked shoes. 1945 M. Waldman Eliz. & Leicester i. 15 His fellow-clerics..had discarded the bright colours, the piked shoes, the crisped hair, the fur and lace, silver and gold, of Popish times. 2004 Guardian (Nexis) 14 Aug. 10 (caption) An illustration of a selection of ‘piked’ shoes from the middle ages. 2. a. Furnished with a spike or spikes; spiked, pointed. Cf. picked adj.² 1. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > condition of tapering to a point > [adjective] > having (a) point(s) piked?a1300 pickedc1450 needle-pointed1565 thorny-pointed1594 long-nebbed1649 fitchy1650 cuspidated1668 spit-pointed1796 pin-pointed1859 needlenose1911 ?a1300 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 766 (MED) Pikede beþ þe shete, And wormes þer beþ kete. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 45 (MED) Þere þe Affres closed hym in a streiȝt tree þat was þicke pikede [L. hispido] wiþ ynne wiþ longe and scharpe nayles. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 328 (MED) With piked staues grete, beten salle he be. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 769 A park al aboute, With a pyked palays pyned ful þik. c1447 in J. Raine Inventories & Acct. Rolls Benedictine Houses Jarrow & Monk-Wearmouth (1854) 241 (MED) He..with lang pykid staves and lang dagers mad a asawtte to ye said kepper. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vii. xiii. 62 Casting dartis or macis wyth pykyt heidis. 1561 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalips xxx. 182 He put me as a piked Arrow, he hidde mee in his quever. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. 298 The enemies ships armed with piked beake-heads. 1695 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. III. iv. 211 Some of them [sc. spears] were piked or pointed at both Ends. ?1765 Staffordshire Maid (broadside ballad) His iron piked staff he laid on the ground. 1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 7 Perhaps the Hertfordshire wheel-plough, which has a piked share, may be the most suitable implement. 1871 N.Y. Herald 18 Apr. 7/2 A garden..surrounded on all sides by walls ten feet high, except on the back, where an iron piked fence of the same height opens a vista to [etc.]. 1879 Mountain Democrat (Placerville, Calif.) 13 Sept. The Indians remove the fruit with a long piked pole. 1984 J. D. G. Sloss W. Green of Ambleside (BNC) 83 Men..used to approach the nest 60 yards down on a rope, and holding a piked stick in one hand to protect themselves from the parent birds' attacks. 1998 Newsday (N.Y.) (Nexis) 15 June a8 Shuttered behind a piked fence atop a knoll in the center of town, that church is closed most of the time. b. Of an animal or plant: having sharp points, spines, or prickles; spiny (cf. picked adj.² Compounds). Now chiefly in fixed compounds: see piked dogfish n. at Compounds, piked whale n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > thorn or prickle > [adjective] thornenc897 thornyc1000 armeda1398 pikeda1398 thornish1426 pricky1548 prickly1577 prickled1578 spiky1578 sharp-set1601 spiny1604 senticous1657 aculeous1658 spinous1668 spineal1688 spinose1693 aculeate1753 spinescent1793 aculeolate1818 aciculated1819 spinulose1819 spinulescent1836 spinulous1846 thorned1895 the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [adjective] > having a hard protective covering > having spines pikeda1398 prickled1578 spinose1661 thorny1711 prickly1774 spinous1774 spined1777 spinaceous1875 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 53 Kynde makeþ þe rigge boones hard and synewy and also piked [L. spinosa] & scharp for þe more defens of þe marouȝ. 1621 G. Sandys tr. Ovid First Five Bks. Metamorphosis iv. 98 Inuiron'd with no marish-louing Reeds, Nor piked Bull-rushes. Compounds piked dogfish n. = spur-dog n. at spur n.¹ Compounds 3b; cf. picked dogfish n. at picked adj.² Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Pleurotremata > [noun] > miscellaneous types of tiburon1555 dog1673 picked dog1673 picked dogfish1740 tiger-shark1787 piked dogfish1805 ground-shark1834 sea-attorney1849 gazer1861 shovel head1881 puff shark1902 spur-dog1921 whaler shark1937 megamouth1977 1805 G. Barry Hist. Orkney iii. i. 296 The Piked Dog-Fish..known by the name of the hoe, frequently visits our coasts. 1896 J. H. Campbell Wild Life Scotl. 99 The piked dog-fish owes his common name to the pikes or spikes, standing up like detached rays, in front of the dorsal fins. 1998 BBC Vegetarian Good Food May 78/2 More than 30 species [of shark] are at home in the waters off the British Isles, the more common varieties being the basking, blue, porbeagle and piked dogfish. piked horn n. historical a tall conical headdress worn by women in the 14th and 15th centuries. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > conical hennin1748 piked horn1748 1580 J. Stow Annales (1601) 471 Noble women vsed high attire on their heads, piked like hornes.] 1748 H. Walpole Let. 11 Aug. in Corr. (1941) IX. 68 Anne of Bohemia..introduced the fashion of piked horns or high heads. 1892 C. R. B. Barrett Essex Highways 71 The curious headdress of piked-horns. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pikedadj.² Brit. /pʌɪkt/, U.S. /paɪkt/ Etymology: < pike v.⁶ + -ed suffix¹. Of a road: resurfaced, provided with a crown. ΚΠ 1886 Semi-Weekly Age (Coshocton, Ohio) 30 July 1/3 As an illustration of the advantages of piked roads, let us mention that last Saturday a party of five drove from here to Peru, a distance of twenty miles, in exactly two hours and five minutes. 1999 Seattle Times (Nexis) 8 July b3 The hope is that during the heavy rain, water from the block's new curbless, piked street will flow into swales on either side. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pikedadj.³ Brit. /pʌɪkt/, U.S. /paɪkt/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pike n.⁹, -ed suffix². Etymology: < pike n.⁹ + -ed suffix². Compare slightly later pike v.⁷ Diving and Gymnastics. In a pike position; performed with the body in a pike position. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > [adjective] > diving into water > in a pike position piked1951 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > gymnastics > [adjective] > actions or positions tucked1931 piked1951 1951 Swimming (Eng. Schools Swimming Assoc.) v. 71 There are three recognized positions in which the body may be held during the execution of a dive... Piked. The body is bent forward at the hips, but the legs must remain straight at the knees with toes pointed. 1964 Trampolining (‘Know the Game’ Ser.) 11/1 Piked jumping. Keep trunk as erect as possible... Point toes and touch upper insteps. 1984 Times 11 Aug. 28/3 Miss Wyland had failed miserably with her reverse dive piked. 1999 Gymnast Jan. 17/2 Andrea..performing a piked handspring front and straight Tsukahara to take the title. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.¹1269adj.²1886adj.³1951
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pikedadj.1

Compounds

pikedadj.2

pikedadj.3

pikedadj.¹

pikedadj.²

pikedadj.³