pichurimn.

Brit.

/ˈpɪʃərɪm/, U.S.

/ˈpɪʃərəm/

Forms:

α. 1800s pitchurim, 1800s– pichurim, 1900s– puchurin.

β. 1800s puxiri, 1800s– puchury, 1900s– purchury.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Portuguese. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Etymons: Latin pichurim; Latin pucheri; Portuguese pixurim, Spanish pucheri.

Etymology: Partly < scientific Latin pichurim (1761 or earlier), specific epithet of Ocotea pichurim (now Nectandra pichurim) (C. S. Kunth in A. von Humboldt and A. Bonpland Nova genera et species plantarum(1817) II. 166), partly < scientific Latin pucheri, specific epithet of Laurus pucheri (now Licaria pucheri) (H. Ruiz López & J. A. Pavón, 1802), and partly < their probable etymons Brazilian Portuguese pixurim (1763 as pocherim ; also pechurim (1817), puchiry (1817), pichurim (20th cent.)) and South American Spanish pucheri (1826 or earlier; also pichurim (20th cent.)), both ultimately < unattested Tupi *pišu'rĩ . Compare French pucheri (1825 in the passage translated in quot. 1826 for pichurim bean n. at sense 1). N.E.D.(1906) gives the pronunciation as (pi·tʃŭrim) /ˈpɪtʃərɪm/.

1. pichurim bean n. (also pichurim nut) the aromatic seed or cotyledon of the South American tree Nectandra pichurim (family Lauraceae), used medicinally and as a substitute for nutmeg; (also) the tree itself. Also: the seeds of any of several related trees now placed in the genera Licaria and Aniba.The nomenclature of these trees is confused and it is not always clear which species is being referred to below.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > non-British medicinal plants > [noun] > fruit or seed

pichurim bean1836

cedron1859

becuiba nut1889

1826 H. M. Williams tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. VI. ix. xxvi. 211 In concluding this sketch of the vegetable production of Venezuela, that may one day become objects of traffic, I shall name..the Pucheri (Laurus Pichurim) [Fr. le Pucheri].]

1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 1081 They [sc. the peculiar properties of cinnamon] are found in the leaves of Laurus parvifolia, in the bark of the species which produces the Pichurim bean; [etc.].

1856 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 29 Feb. 256/2 The so-called ‘sassafras nuts,’ or puchury beans.

1892 C. F. Millspaugh Medicinal Plants 145-2 The genus Nectandra affords..the Brazilian Pichurim bean (N. puchury); and the Sassafras nuts of the London markets (N. puchury minor).

1928 Decatur (Illinois) Herald 7 Sept. 6/3 The only dutiable articles..which are now on the free list are acenaphtene, toluene, xylene, pichurim beans, chestnuts and brick.

1945 Sci. Monthly July 33/1 LeCointe refers the vernacular name ‘puchury’ to two species, Acrodiclidium puchury-major and Aniba puchury-minor.]

1974 G. Usher Dict. Plants used by Man 407/1 The seeds (Pichurim Beans, Puchury Beans) are used in local medicine.

1987 D. J. Mabberley Plant-bk. 391 Licaria... Some oil-seeds & local medic. esp. L. pucheri..(puchurin nut).

†2. pichurim oil n. a yellowish-green oil obtained from the seeds of Nectandra pichurim. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils

oil de baya1398

oil roseta1400

alkitranc1400

laurinec1400

oil of spicac1400

seed oil1400

rape oil1420

nut-oil?c1425

masticine?1440

oil de rose?1440

oil of myrtine?a1450

gingellya1544

rose oil1552

alchitrean1562

oil of spike1577

oil of ben1594

myrtle oil1601

sesamus1601

sampsuchine1616

oil of walnuts1622

rape1641

oil of rhodium1649

rapeseed oil1652

neroli1676

oil of mace1681

spirit of scurvy-grass1682

beech-oil1716

poppy oil1737

castor oil1746

oil of sassafras1753

orange-peel oil1757

wood-oil1759

bergamot1766

sunflower oil1768

Russia oil1773

oil castor1779

tung-yu1788

poppy-seed oil1799

cocoa butter1801

sassafras oil1801

phulwara1805

oil of wine1807

grass oil1827

oil of marjoram1829

cajuput oil1832

essence of mustarda1834

picamar1835

spurge oil1836

oenanthic ether1837

tea oil1837

capnomor1838

cinnamon-oil1838

oil of mustard1838

orange-flower oil1838

resinein1841

mustard oil1844

myrrhol1845

styrol1845

oenanthol1847

shea butter1847

wintergreen1847

gaultheria oil1848

ginger-grass oil.1849

nutmeg oil1849

pine oil1849

peppermint oil1850

cocoa fat1851

orange oil1853

neem oil1856

poonga oil1857

xanthoxylene1857

crab-oil1858

illupi oil1858

Shanghai oil1861

stand oil1862

mustard-seed oil1863

carap oilc1865

cocum butter or oilc1865

Kurung oil1866

muduga oil1866

pichurim oil1866

serpolet1866

sumbul oil1868

sesame oil1870

niger oil1872

summer yellow1872

olibene1873

patchouli oil1875

pilocarpene1876

styrolene1881

tung oil1881

becuiba tallow1884

soy oil1884

tea-seed oil1884

eucalyptus1885

sage oil1888

hop-oil1889

cotton-seed oil1891

lemon oil1896

palmarosa oil1897

illipe butter1904

hydnocarpus oil1905

tung1911

niger seed oil1917

sun oil1937

vanaspati1949

fennel oil-

1866 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 636 Pichurim-oil. Pichurim beans..yield by distillation with water, a yellow oil, smelling like bay and sassafras oil.

1874 F. Keller Amazon & Madeira Rivers 104 (table) Odorous oils... Puchury (Nectandra puchury..).]

†3. pichurim camphor n. the crystallizable component of pichurim oil. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1866 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 637 Pichurim-camphor... Pichurim-oil is resolved by cold alcohol into a strong-smelling elæoptene and a nearly inodorous camphor or stearoptene.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pichurim
释义	pichurimn. Brit. /ˈpɪʃərɪm/, U.S. /ˈpɪʃərəm/ Forms: α. 1800s pitchurim, 1800s– pichurim, 1900s– puchurin. β. 1800s puxiri, 1800s– puchury, 1900s– purchury. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Portuguese. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Etymons: Latin pichurim; Latin pucheri; Portuguese pixurim, Spanish pucheri. Etymology: Partly < scientific Latin pichurim (1761 or earlier), specific epithet of Ocotea pichurim (now Nectandra pichurim) (C. S. Kunth in A. von Humboldt and A. Bonpland Nova genera et species plantarum(1817) II. 166), partly < scientific Latin pucheri, specific epithet of Laurus pucheri (now Licaria pucheri) (H. Ruiz López & J. A. Pavón, 1802), and partly < their probable etymons Brazilian Portuguese pixurim (1763 as pocherim ; also pechurim (1817), puchiry (1817), pichurim (20th cent.)) and South American Spanish pucheri (1826 or earlier; also pichurim (20th cent.)), both ultimately < unattested Tupi pišu'rĩ . Compare French pucheri* (1825 in the passage translated in quot. 1826 for pichurim bean n. at sense 1). N.E.D.(1906) gives the pronunciation as (pi·tʃŭrim) /ˈpɪtʃərɪm/. 1. pichurim bean n. (also pichurim nut) the aromatic seed or cotyledon of the South American tree Nectandra pichurim (family Lauraceae), used medicinally and as a substitute for nutmeg; (also) the tree itself. Also: the seeds of any of several related trees now placed in the genera Licaria and Aniba.The nomenclature of these trees is confused and it is not always clear which species is being referred to below. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > non-British medicinal plants > [noun] > fruit or seed pichurim bean1836 cedron1859 becuiba nut1889 1826 H. M. Williams tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. VI. ix. xxvi. 211 In concluding this sketch of the vegetable production of Venezuela, that may one day become objects of traffic, I shall name..the Pucheri (Laurus Pichurim) [Fr. le Pucheri].] 1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 1081 They [sc. the peculiar properties of cinnamon] are found in the leaves of Laurus parvifolia, in the bark of the species which produces the Pichurim bean; [etc.]. 1856 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 29 Feb. 256/2 The so-called ‘sassafras nuts,’ or puchury beans. 1892 C. F. Millspaugh Medicinal Plants 145-2 The genus Nectandra affords..the Brazilian Pichurim bean (N. puchury); and the Sassafras nuts of the London markets (N. puchury minor). 1928 Decatur (Illinois) Herald 7 Sept. 6/3 The only dutiable articles..which are now on the free list are acenaphtene, toluene, xylene, pichurim beans, chestnuts and brick. 1945 Sci. Monthly July 33/1 LeCointe refers the vernacular name ‘puchury’ to two species, Acrodiclidium puchury-major and Aniba puchury-minor.] 1974 G. Usher Dict. Plants used by Man 407/1 The seeds (Pichurim Beans, Puchury Beans) are used in local medicine. 1987 D. J. Mabberley Plant-bk. 391 Licaria... Some oil-seeds & local medic. esp. L. pucheri..(puchurin nut). †2. pichurim oil n. a yellowish-green oil obtained from the seeds of Nectandra pichurim. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils oil de baya1398 oil roseta1400 alkitranc1400 laurinec1400 oil of spicac1400 seed oil1400 rape oil1420 nut-oil?c1425 masticine?1440 oil de rose?1440 oil of myrtine?a1450 gingellya1544 rose oil1552 alchitrean1562 oil of spike1577 oil of ben1594 myrtle oil1601 sesamus1601 sampsuchine1616 oil of walnuts1622 rape1641 oil of rhodium1649 rapeseed oil1652 neroli1676 oil of mace1681 spirit of scurvy-grass1682 beech-oil1716 poppy oil1737 castor oil1746 oil of sassafras1753 orange-peel oil1757 wood-oil1759 bergamot1766 sunflower oil1768 Russia oil1773 oil castor1779 tung-yu1788 poppy-seed oil1799 cocoa butter1801 sassafras oil1801 phulwara1805 oil of wine1807 grass oil1827 oil of marjoram1829 cajuput oil1832 essence of mustarda1834 picamar1835 spurge oil1836 oenanthic ether1837 tea oil1837 capnomor1838 cinnamon-oil1838 oil of mustard1838 orange-flower oil1838 resinein1841 mustard oil1844 myrrhol1845 styrol1845 oenanthol1847 shea butter1847 wintergreen1847 gaultheria oil1848 ginger-grass oil.1849 nutmeg oil1849 pine oil1849 peppermint oil1850 cocoa fat1851 orange oil1853 neem oil1856 poonga oil1857 xanthoxylene1857 crab-oil1858 illupi oil1858 Shanghai oil1861 stand oil1862 mustard-seed oil1863 carap oilc1865 cocum butter or oilc1865 Kurung oil1866 muduga oil1866 pichurim oil1866 serpolet1866 sumbul oil1868 sesame oil1870 niger oil1872 summer yellow1872 olibene1873 patchouli oil1875 pilocarpene1876 styrolene1881 tung oil1881 becuiba tallow1884 soy oil1884 tea-seed oil1884 eucalyptus1885 sage oil1888 hop-oil1889 cotton-seed oil1891 lemon oil1896 palmarosa oil1897 illipe butter1904 hydnocarpus oil1905 tung1911 niger seed oil1917 sun oil1937 vanaspati1949 fennel oil- 1866 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 636 Pichurim-oil. Pichurim beans..yield by distillation with water, a yellow oil, smelling like bay and sassafras oil. 1874 F. Keller Amazon & Madeira Rivers 104 (table) Odorous oils... Puchury (Nectandra puchury..).] †3. pichurim camphor n. the crystallizable component of pichurim oil. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1866 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 637 Pichurim-camphor... Pichurim-oil is resolved by cold alcohol into a strong-smelling elæoptene and a nearly inodorous camphor or stearoptene. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1836
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