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单词 picturesque
释义

picturesqueadj.n.

Brit. /ˌpɪktʃəˈrɛsk/, U.S. /ˌpɪk(t)ʃəˈrɛsk/
Forms: 1700s pictoresque, 1700s picturesk, 1700s pittoresque, 1700s– picturesque, 1900s– pictooresque (irregular).
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: picture n., -esque suffix.
Etymology: < picture n. + -esque suffix, after French pittoresque of or relating to painting (1708, now obsolete in this sense), (of a work of art) especially original or striking (1719), worthy of being painted (1738), (of a thing) pleasing, attracting attention because of its originality (1749), (as noun) something which is picturesque, picturesqueness (1721) and its etymon Italian pittoresco (of a painting) especially original or striking (1664), (of modes of expression in general) expressive, striking (a1758) < pittore painter (first half of the 14th cent.; < classical Latin pictor painter: see Pictor n.) + -esco -esque suffix.In form pittoresque after the French form. The French and Italian words are both attested earliest in the phrases French à la pittoresque (1658), Italian alla pittoresca (mid-16th cent.) in the manner of painters.
A. adj.
1. Having the elements or qualities of a picture; suitable for a picture; spec. (of a view, landscape, etc.) pleasing or striking in appearance; scenic. Now frequently in weakened sense (sometimes depreciative or ironic): pretty in an undeveloped or old-fashioned way; charming, quaint, unspoilt.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > pleasing appearance > [adjective] > picturesque
picturesque1705
picturesquish1810
painter-like1845
picture book1922
pintoresque1969
1705 R. Steele Tender Husband iv. 43 That Circumstance may be very Picturesque.
1749 U. ap Rhys Tour Spain & Portugal 86 The Ends of their Veils..tied in so pretty a Manner, as to render their Figures extremely pittoresque.
1768 W. Gilpin (title) An essay upon prints; containing remarks upon the principles of picturesque beauty.
1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. xvi. 263 Poets, players, painters, musicians, who come to rave..about this picturesque land of ours.
1877 W. Black Green Pastures & Piccadilly I. ii. 24 Most girls become acquainted at some time or other with a little picturesque misery.
1902 S. Lane-Poole Story of Cairo i. 27 Mean and uneven offices and tenements, neither Europeanly regular nor Orientally picturesque.
1934 C. Lambert Music Ho! iii. 151 Without necessarily being folk-songy in the picturesque way.
1992 Destination Québec 4/3 A river region studded with ancient manors, beautiful islands and picturesque villages.
2. figurative. Of language, narrative, etc.: strikingly graphic or vivid, colourful; (ironically) careless of the truth, esp. for effect. Also of a person: using language of this sort; behaving in a striking or unusual manner.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > narration > description or act of describing > [adjective] > describing vividly > graphic
pictured1561
graphical1644
graphic1669
picturesquea1734
vivid1837
pictorial1841
a1734 R. North Examen (1740) Pref. xiv. p. vii He goes on in the same pittoresque Vein.
1758 J. Jortin Life Erasmus I. 483 An account of a conversation with Longolius, which is picturesque.
1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. iii. 128 Picturesque accounts have often been repeated of a scene where Douglas..brought the Admiral to an elevated spot.
1868 J. H. Blunt Reformation Church of Eng. I. 401 Picturesque history is seldom to be trusted.
1904 J. London Sea-wolf vi. 66 For the first time in my life I experienced the desire to murder—‘saw red’, as some of our picturesque writers phrase it.
1965 H. A. Klein Surfing iii. 58 Australian surfers use the picturesque word ‘greenbacks’ for a swell as it peaks.
1993 R. Hughes Culture of Complaint iii. 195 During a picturesque career as sexual hustler, addict and juvenile artstar, [Basquiat] made a superficial mark on the cultural surface.
3. Having a perception of or taste for the picturesque (cf. sense B. 1).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > [adjective] > having taste for picturesque
picturesque1756
the mind > attention and judgement > good taste > aesthetic quality or good taste > [adjective] > pleasing to the aesthetic sense > specific
grand1668
idyllian1716
picturesque1756
idyllic1856
idyllical1885
1756 T. Amory Life John Buncle I. 389 She was born with a picturesque genius, and a capacity to give measure and movement to compositions of harmony.
1795 R. Anderson Life Samuel Johnson 7 Had he not possessed a very picturesque imagination.
1818 E. Rhodes Peak Scenery i. 5 To the picturesque traveller they are therefore comparatively of but little value.
1869 Harper's Mag. Apr. 675/2 The slopes of the hills dotted with those villas, or torres, which so attracted the picturesque eye of Irving.
1922 Times 22 Dec. 6/6 Sir Ernest George possessed a most picturesque mind, which is conspicuous in all his work.
1993 Daily Mail (Nexis) 17 July 32 The 18th century picturesque taste for Gothic homes.
4. Marked with or as if with pictures. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [adjective] > marble
marblea1382
Pentelic1579
marblya1620
marmoreous1709
Pentelician1741
picturesque1762
marmoraceous1822
Pentelican1850
Lucullan1857
Connemara1861
1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. I. 41 Others [marbles]..are Picturesque, or marked with all manner of figures [Ger. und figurirten, in welchen allerley Gemälde und Schildereyen sind], &c.
1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. I. 42 Oculus mundi..by polishing receives a beautiful lustre, and is partly spotted or striped, partly picturesque.
B. n.
1. With the. That which is picturesque; picturesque elements or qualities collectively; picturesqueness.In the late 18th cent. the picturesque was considered an aesthetic category alongside beauty and sublimity (as established by Burke), associated with the roughness and irregularity of nature harmonized by composition.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > pleasing appearance > [noun] > picturesqueness > picturesque thing or quality
picturesque1749
tableau1774
picturesquerie1962
1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. 427 The Nature of the Caricatura, Burlesque, Grotesque, Picturesque, &c.
1782 W. Gilpin Observ. River Wye 93 Col. Mitford..is well-versed in the theory of the picturesque.
1794 U. Price (title) An essay on the picturesque, as compared with the sublime and the beautiful.
1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice I. x. 118 No, no; stay where you are.—You are charmingly group'd... The picturesque would be spoilt by admitting a fourth. View more context for this quotation
1846 C. Dickens Pictures from Italy 240 Let us..try to associate a new picturesque with some faint recognition of man's destiny and capabilities.
1878 H. James Internat. Episode 71 She was very fond of the poets and historians, of the picturesque, of the past, of retrospect, of mementos and reverberations of greatness.
1927 C. Hussey Picturesque iii. 66 The Picturesque was to be a practical aesthetic for gardeners, tourists, and sketchers.
1955 N. Nicholson Lakers iii. 46 In the Picturesque, the only creative act is that of man himself, a small, mean, self-satisfied manipulation of an abstract landscape.
1991 L. Sante Low Life iii. iv. 299 Beyond all the dubious motivations, the nostalgie de la boue, the hunt for the picturesque.
2. A picturesque landscape or place.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > [noun] > type of
beauty spot1846
picturesque1852
moonscape1907
mudscape1908
postcard land1918
cultural landscape1919
dunescape1928
Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty1949
wirescape1951
AONB1957
Marlboro Country1961
roofscaping1962
1852 J. E. A. Smith Taghonic 215 Why, you have a whole cabinet of possible picturesques in that little germ.
1889 G. Meredith Let. 20 May (1970) II. 959 We had here a young and promising Bostonian..fresh from a ride over the picturesques of Greece.
a1928 C. Morley Essays (1928) 1009 A winding strait among purple mountains that is surely among earth's finest picturesques.
1995 Independent 27 Apr. 22/7 All the towns featured were, without exception, the standard ‘picturesques’: Ludlow, Chichester, Stamford, Saffron Walden.

Compounds

picturesque gardening n. Horticulture (now historical) the arrangement of a garden so as to make it resemble a picture; a romantic style of gardening, aiming at irregular and rugged beauty.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > [noun] > types of gardening
curtilagec1430
kitchen gardening?1700
landscape-gardeninga1763
picturesque gardeninga1763
window gardening1801
landscape architecture1840
rock gardening1840
market gardening1852
water gardening1870
wild gardening1870
olericulture1886
market work1887
trucking1897
tub-gardening1904
landscaping1930
greenswardsmanship1936
godwottery1937
sand gardening1960
xeriscaping1987
a1763 W. Shenstone Wks. Verse & Prose (1764) II. 125 Gardening may be divided into three species—kitchen-gardening—parterre gardening—and landskip, or picturesque-gardening: which latter..consists in pleasing the imagination by scenes of grandeur, beauty, or variety.
1783 W. Burgh in W. Mason Eng. Garden (new ed.) 236 There is nothing in picturesque Gardening which should not have its archetype in unadorned Nature.
1805 T. Percy Let. May in T. Gray Wks. (1843) V. 193 (note) The value or merit of what is now called picturesque gardening.
1951 Times 9 Oct. 10/2 This was, of course, the period of natural but also of picturesque gardening.
1994 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 15 May vi. 52/1 The esthetic of the natural garden would appear to represent an extreme version of the 18th-century picturesque-gardening style.

Derivatives

picturesquish adj. Obsolete rare somewhat picturesque.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > pleasing appearance > [adjective] > picturesque
picturesque1705
picturesquish1810
painter-like1845
picture book1922
pintoresque1969
1810 W. Combe Schoolmaster's Tour in Poet. Mag. Aug. 150 Nor had the way one object brought That wak'd a picturesquish thought.
picturesquizing n. Obsolete rare the action of pursuing the picturesque.
ΚΠ
1815 W. Taylor in J. W. Robberds Mem. W. Taylor (1843) II. 455 The engineer..is not to lose his time in zoologizing, entomologizing, botanizing and picturesquizing.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

picturesquev.

Brit. /ˌpɪktʃəˈrɛsk/, U.S. /ˌpɪk(t)ʃəˈrɛsk/
Forms: 1700s picturesk, 1800s– picturesque.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: picturesque adj.
Etymology: < picturesque adj.With picturesquing n. at Derivatives compare earlier picturesquification n.
1. transitive. To make (a place) picturesque. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > improve in appearance > make picturesque
picturesque1795
1795 W. H. Marshall Rev. Landscape 45 If he plant trees of size round the building to be picturesked.
1892 Punch 6 Aug. 49/1 With out-of-fashion toilet sets..She picturesques her cabinet's Quaint heterodoxies.
1901 News Democrat (Uhrichsville, Ohio) 13 Sept. 7/3 Outlined against the horizon, picturesquing the otherwise monotonous landscape, are countless windmills.
2003 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 29 June a1 The eminent St. Louis architect..had in mind..a span picturesqued with sculptures.
2. intransitive. To practise or pursue the picturesque. Also with it. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > use ornate language [verb (intransitive)]
to speak holidaya1616
flourish1700
picturesque1809
elocutionizea1849
1809 W. Combe Schoolmaster's Tour in Poet. Mag. May 9 I'll prose it here, I'll verse it there, And picturesque it ev'ry where.
1839 C. M. Kirkland New Home xl. 272 Some college student picturesquing during his fall vacation.
3. intransitive. To pose picturesquely. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > posture > assume or hold a posture [verb (intransitive)] > pose picturesquely
picturesque1834
1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 733/1 His parents..sometimes dream of Dick as standing behind my lady's chair, in the suit of blue and silver, &c., picturesquing.

Derivatives

picturesquing n. Obsolete the action of pursuing the picturesque or making something picturesque.
ΚΠ
a1849 E. Elliott in J. Searle Life E. Elliott (1850) iii. 140 I could imagine them to represent four important scenes in the life of a Tailor: first, the Tailor turned gentleman; second, the Tailor going a picturesquing; [etc.].
1860 C. E. Norton Let. 1 Oct. (1932) 70 There is nothing false in the whole, no attempt at ‘finishing up’, no thought of ‘picturesquing’.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1705v.1795
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