photoelectricadj.

1861 Times 22 Oct. 10/3 He [sc. Delalot-Savin of the Abbeye de la Grâce] has invented a new pile... By means of his photo-electric apparatus he produces an electric light as cheap as gas, and with his thermo-electric pile he supplies caloric on economic terms hitherto unknown.

1863 E. Atkinson tr. A. Ganot Elem. Treat. Physics vii. v. 441 Photoelectric Microscope. This is nothing more than the solar microscope,..illuminated by the electric light.

1865 B. Silliman Princ. Physics (ed. 2) iii. iii. 588 Duboscq's photo-electric lantern is seen in fig. 644. This instrument is used to replace the sun in all optical experiments requiring a strong white light.

1871 Price-list in G. R. Cutter tr. H. Frey Microsc. Technol. (1872) 642 Sun, gas and photo-electric microscopes made to order.

1875 Manufacturer & Builder Nov. 252/2 A photo-electric microscope was used... It is nothing but a magic lantern, provided with an electric light instead of a lamp, and highly magnifying lenses of short focus.

1899 E. Mayes Hist. Educ. Mississippi ix. 196 Biot's polarizing apparatus, photo-electric and solar polariscopes [etc.].

1863 Boston Commw. (U.S.) 30 Oct. A specimen of what is called the ‘Photelectric engraving’, according to a new art called ‘the Dallas process’.

1882 Catholic World Mar. 812 Very good fac-similes of them, obtained by photo-electric processes, have been published recently.

1905 Daily Chron. 14 Mar. 3/7 The early photo-electric engravings by the Pretsch process are not half a century old.

1877 W. G. Adams & R. E. Day in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 342 The action of light, when there is no battery-current passing, causes a flow of electricity from the selenium to the platinum at the illuminated junction. To distinguish these currents from currents arising from any other cause, we have called them photoelectric currents.

1880 Athenæum 20 Nov. 679/1 Prof. Minchin showed by experiment the photo-electric current set up by a beam of light falling on a sheet of tinfoil immersed in a solution of acid carbonate of calcium.

1884 Manufacturer & Builder Mar. 63/3 In constructing the photo-electric battery Dr. Borgmann places a number of U tubes in a black box..and fills the tubes with..sulphuric acid... On exposure to light an electric current is set up.

1921 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Art 16 Dec. 85/1 The electrons so detached are called photoelectrons and the action photoelectric.

1949 Jrnl. Brit. Interplanetary Soc. 8 115 The photo-electric telescope, which can amplify faint images.

1959 Lancaster (Ohio) Eagle-Gaz. 20 Oct. c5 They spent their spare time with a photo-electric engraver, attempting to solve the problem of how to make it engrave dot structure half-tones.

1970 O. Dopping Computers & Data Processing xi. 161 In the photo-electric reader, a lamp sends light beams onto a number of photo cells through the holes in the tape.

1996 Financial Times 11 Jan. 20/7 The high-speed camera uses four charged coupled device recording chips—the photo-electric circuitry which transforms light into electronic data—instead of the usual one.

1921 Science 30 Sept. 291/1 The photoelectric absorption of radiation is most intense when its quantum exceeds the minimum quantum necessary to eject the absorbing electron but does not exceed it too much.

1958 W. K. Mansfield Elem. Nucl. Physics v. 44 In photoelectric absorption the γ-ray interacts with an atom as a whole, ejecting an electron.

1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 46/1 The physical process by which soft x-rays are attenuated by the interstellar medium is photoelectric absorption, usually with the ejection of a K-shell electron.

1890 Proc. Royal Soc. 1889–90 47 534 The electro-motive force of such a photo-electric cell is in the same direction as if the plates were immersed in water.

1960 R. W. Marks Dymaxion World Buckminster Fuller 25/1 In 1927, seeking photo-electric cells and relay-actuated devices, he wrote to his brother.

1999 Essent. Gas Safety (Council for Registered Gas Installers) May xii. 171/1 This radiation can be generated by a gas flame and sensed by a photoelectric cell, causing an electric current to pass through the cell and control a gas valve.

1892 Photogr. Ann. II. 113 As a rule a much greater photo-electric effect is produced by the more refrangible rays than by the less refrangible.

1903 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 201 535 This was ultimately found to be due to the photoelectric effect produced by the light present in the room.

1935 C. J. Smith Intermediate Physics (ed. 2) v. li. 881–2 For sodium there is no photoelectric effect unless the incident light has a frequency greater than about 5 × 10¹⁴ (green light).

1973 J. Yarwood Electr. & Magn. xv. 594 There are three main photoelectric effects.

1993 S. W. Hawking Black Holes & Baby Universes (BNC) 77 The full implications of the photoelectric effect were not realized until 1925, when Werner Heisenberg pointed out that it made it impossible to measure the position of a particle exactly.

1916 Science 26 May 759/2 Such a change might be anticipated as a result of photoelectric emission.

1958 W. K. Mansfield Elem. Nucl. Physics i. 10 The electrons can gain this energy by absorbing electromagnetic radiation which gives rise to photoelectric emission of electrons.

2003 Times Educ. Suppl. (Nexis) 21 Mar. 5 John Taylor, the principal teacher of physics, welcomes Scholar simulations, such as photoelectric emissions, as additional resources to other teaching programmes.