physiologyn.

Brit.

/ˌfɪzɪˈɒlədʒi/, U.S.

/ˌfɪziˈɑlədʒi/

Forms: 1500s–1600s phisiologie, 1600s physiologie, 1600s– physiology.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French physiologie; Latin physiologia.

Etymology: < Middle French, French physiologie natural science (1547), science of living organisms (1611 in Cotgrave: see quot. 1611 at sense 2) and its etymon classical Latin physiologia natural philosophy, natural science, in post-classical Latin also science of living organisms (1554 or earlier) < ancient Greek ϕυσιολογία (Aristotle) < ϕυσιολόγος (see Physiologus n.) + -ία -y suffix³; compare -logy comb. form.

†1. Natural philosophy, natural science. Also: a particular system or doctrine of natural science. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > empiricism > [noun]

physiology1564

empirism1716

empirical philosophy1733

empiricism1796

descendentalism1833

the world > life > biology > study > [noun] > natural history

natural science?a1425

natural story?a1475

physiology1564

natural history1662

naturalizing1832

nature study1873

the world > matter > physics > [noun]

physicc1330

philosophya1387

natural philosophya1393

natural science?a1425

physicsc1487

philosophy of nature1695

physiology1704

science1779

azoology1817

material science1837

1564 Bauldwin's Mor. Philos. (Palfr.) ii. i. 73 That it may be knowen what they beleued of god, of themselues, and of his woorkes, all which they them selues call Phisiologie.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1346 Certeine Epicureans..standing much upon this their goodly and beautifull Physiologie forsooth (as they terme it).

1662 H. More Def. Philos. Cabbala App. i. 103 Whence there must be no small affinity betwixt this ancient Moschical or rather Mosaical Physiology and the Cartesian Philosophy.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Physiology, Physicks, or Natural Philosophy, is the Science of Natural Bodies.

1797 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 18/1 Re-action, in physiology, the resistance made by all bodies to the action or impulse of others that endeavour to change its state whether of motion or rest.

1818 M. W. Shelley Frankenstein I. iii. 82 I..determined thenceforth to apply myself more particularly to those branches of natural philosophy which relate to physiology.

1881 Science 22 Jan. 29/1 A third science, experimental physiology, to unite anatomy with natural philosophy.

2. The branch of science that deals with the normal functioning of living organisms and their systems and organs. Also: the functional processes of an organism, organ, or system. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > study > [noun] > physiology

physiology1615

zoonomy1800

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 1 b/1 Physiologia handelethe and threatethe of the structure and situatione of mans bodye.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Physiologie,..also..that part of Phisicke which treats of the composition, or structure of mans bodie.]

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 289 Amongst the new writers Fernelius the best learned Physitian of them all, in the 7. book of his Phisiologie, proueth that this bloud is not Alimentarie.

1635 D. Person Varieties v. 93 The knowledge of the natures of bodily substances, (which is called Physiology).

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Physiology, is by some also accounted a Part of Physick, that teaches the Constitution of the Body so far as it is sound, or in its Natural State; and endeavours to find Reasons for its Functions and Operations, by the Help of Anatomy and Natural Philosophy.

1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. iv. Concl. 511 I..bring some Arguments from Physiology and Pathology.

1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 244 The anatomy and physiology of the nervous system.

1831 D. Brewster Treat. Optics xxxv. 293 This important truth in the physiology of vision.

1876 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. 2nd Ser. 26 As a contribution to the physiology of genius no other book is to be compared with the Vita Nuova.

1903 Westm. Gaz. 24 June 3/2 The amateur statistician may know something of the anatomy of commerce, but he knows nothing of what I may call its physiology—its circulating..and..digestive system[s].

1906 N.E.D. (at cited word) It comprises the two divisions of animal and vegetable physiology; that part of the former which refers specially to the vital functions in man is called human physiology.

1926 Amer. Mercury Mar. 267/2 The young science of physiology furnished them with new methods and instruments of precision.

1953 A. G. E. Pearse Histochem. p. v Histochemistry can transform the descriptive sciences of biology, histology, pathology and zoology into dynamic and functional sciences complementary to physiology and biochemistry.

1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 97 586/2 Sulphur dioxide has also an immediate (within three seconds) effect upon human physiology at levels of 4 to 6 p.p.m. though the peak change in resistance is not reached until after five minutes' exposure.

1995 New Scientist 4 Mar. 43/1 The remaining chapters examine the role of hormones in other aspects of insect physiology including reproduction, diapause, polyphenism and behaviour.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	physiology
释义	physiologyn. Brit. /ˌfɪzɪˈɒlədʒi/, U.S. /ˌfɪziˈɑlədʒi/ Forms: 1500s–1600s phisiologie, 1600s physiologie, 1600s– physiology. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French physiologie; Latin physiologia. Etymology: < Middle French, French physiologie natural science (1547), science of living organisms (1611 in Cotgrave: see quot. 1611 at sense 2) and its etymon classical Latin physiologia natural philosophy, natural science, in post-classical Latin also science of living organisms (1554 or earlier) < ancient Greek ϕυσιολογία (Aristotle) < ϕυσιολόγος (see Physiologus n.) + -ία -y suffix³; compare -logy comb. form. †1. Natural philosophy, natural science. Also: a particular system or doctrine of natural science. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > empiricism > [noun] physiology1564 empirism1716 empirical philosophy1733 empiricism1796 descendentalism1833 the world > life > biology > study > [noun] > natural history natural science?a1425 natural story?a1475 physiology1564 natural history1662 naturalizing1832 nature study1873 the world > matter > physics > [noun] physicc1330 philosophya1387 natural philosophya1393 natural science?a1425 physicsc1487 philosophy of nature1695 physiology1704 science1779 azoology1817 material science1837 1564 Bauldwin's Mor. Philos. (Palfr.) ii. i. 73 That it may be knowen what they beleued of god, of themselues, and of his woorkes, all which they them selues call Phisiologie. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1346 Certeine Epicureans..standing much upon this their goodly and beautifull Physiologie forsooth (as they terme it). 1662 H. More Def. Philos. Cabbala App. i. 103 Whence there must be no small affinity betwixt this ancient Moschical or rather Mosaical Physiology and the Cartesian Philosophy. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Physiology, Physicks, or Natural Philosophy, is the Science of Natural Bodies. 1797 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 18/1 Re-action, in physiology, the resistance made by all bodies to the action or impulse of others that endeavour to change its state whether of motion or rest. 1818 M. W. Shelley Frankenstein I. iii. 82 I..determined thenceforth to apply myself more particularly to those branches of natural philosophy which relate to physiology. 1881 Science 22 Jan. 29/1 A third science, experimental physiology, to unite anatomy with natural philosophy. 2. The branch of science that deals with the normal functioning of living organisms and their systems and organs. Also: the functional processes of an organism, organ, or system. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > study > [noun] > physiology physiology1615 zoonomy1800 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. 1 b/1 Physiologia handelethe and threatethe of the structure and situatione of mans bodye. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Physiologie,..also..that part of Phisicke which treats of the composition, or structure of mans bodie.] 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 289 Amongst the new writers Fernelius the best learned Physitian of them all, in the 7. book of his Phisiologie, proueth that this bloud is not Alimentarie. 1635 D. Person Varieties v. 93 The knowledge of the natures of bodily substances, (which is called Physiology). 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Physiology, is by some also accounted a Part of Physick, that teaches the Constitution of the Body so far as it is sound, or in its Natural State; and endeavours to find Reasons for its Functions and Operations, by the Help of Anatomy and Natural Philosophy. 1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. iv. Concl. 511 I..bring some Arguments from Physiology and Pathology. 1804 J. Abernethy Surg. Observ. 244 The anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. 1831 D. Brewster Treat. Optics xxxv. 293 This important truth in the physiology of vision. 1876 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. 2nd Ser. 26 As a contribution to the physiology of genius no other book is to be compared with the Vita Nuova. 1903 Westm. Gaz. 24 June 3/2 The amateur statistician may know something of the anatomy of commerce, but he knows nothing of what I may call its physiology—its circulating..and..digestive system[s]. 1906 N.E.D. (at cited word) It comprises the two divisions of animal and vegetable physiology; that part of the former which refers specially to the vital functions in man is called human physiology. 1926 Amer. Mercury Mar. 267/2 The young science of physiology furnished them with new methods and instruments of precision. 1953 A. G. E. Pearse Histochem. p. v Histochemistry can transform the descriptive sciences of biology, histology, pathology and zoology into dynamic and functional sciences complementary to physiology and biochemistry. 1967 Canad. Med. Assoc. Jrnl. 97 586/2 Sulphur dioxide has also an immediate (within three seconds) effect upon human physiology at levels of 4 to 6 p.p.m. though the peak change in resistance is not reached until after five minutes' exposure. 1995 New Scientist 4 Mar. 43/1 The remaining chapters examine the role of hormones in other aspects of insect physiology including reproduction, diapause, polyphenism and behaviour. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1564
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