phormiumn.

Brit.

/ˈfɔːmɪəm/, U.S.

/ˈfɔrmiəm/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Phormium.

Etymology: < scientific Latin Phormium, genus name (J. R. & J. G. A. Forster Characteres generum plantarum (1776) 47) < ancient Greek ϕορμίον small mat ( < ϕορμός mat, basket ( < an ablaut variant of the base of ϕέρειν to bear (see bear v.¹) + -μος, suffix forming nouns) + -ίον, diminutive suffix), so called on account of the use made of the fibres of the leaves. Compare French phormium (1804).

Either of two tall New Zealand evergreen plants constituting the genus Phormium (family Agavaceae), which have long, tough, sword-shaped leaves in tufts at the base and large, erect panicles of dull red or yellow flowers; esp. New Zealand flax, P. tenax; (in form Phormium), the genus itself.

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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > yielding fibre, thatching, or basket material > [noun] > flax plants > New Zealand flax plant or stalk

phormium1783

New Zealand flax1789

korari1832

mountain flax1867

sword-flax1871

1783 tr. C. Linnaeus Syst. Veg. (1785) I. 273 Phormium. Cor. 6-petal'd: the three exteriour petals shorter.

1797 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 623/1 Phormium..is a name which we may give to a plant that serves the inhabitants of New Zealand instead of hemp and flax.

1821 Edinb. Philos. Jrnl. 5 345 The following results..manifest the comparative superiority in strength of the fibres of the Phormium.

1852 J. D. B. De Bow Industr. Resources Southern & Western States I. 84 The phormium would doubtless succeed in the rich bottoms of the Mississippi Valley.

1879 Amer. Naturalist 13 73 They no longer shape and polish implements of stone, or weave blankets and mats of Phormium.

1905 13th Rep. Dept. Agric. (N.Z.) App. x. 402 Most of the Phormium [in flax swamps] was short, but there were considerable quantities of good millable fibre.

1933 W. J. Bean Trees & Shrubs Hardy in Brit. Isles III. 274 Strictly speaking, the phormiums are, I suppose, ‘herbs’, but they are genuinely evergreen.

1970 L. B. Moore & E. Edgar Flora N.Z. II. 46 All the Cordyline and Phormium spp. investigated have seeds that are extremely rich in linoleic acid.

1996 Sainsbury's Mag. Jan. 158 (caption) The spiky, deep red phormium..provides a strong, dramatic shape in amongst the riot of summer colour.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	phormium
释义	phormiumn. Brit. /ˈfɔːmɪəm/, U.S. /ˈfɔrmiəm/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Phormium. Etymology: < scientific Latin Phormium, genus name (J. R. & J. G. A. Forster Characteres generum plantarum (1776) 47) < ancient Greek ϕορμίον small mat ( < ϕορμός mat, basket ( < an ablaut variant of the base of ϕέρειν to bear (see bear v.¹) + -μος, suffix forming nouns) + -ίον, diminutive suffix), so called on account of the use made of the fibres of the leaves. Compare French phormium (1804). Either of two tall New Zealand evergreen plants constituting the genus Phormium (family Agavaceae), which have long, tough, sword-shaped leaves in tufts at the base and large, erect panicles of dull red or yellow flowers; esp. New Zealand flax, P. tenax; (in form Phormium), the genus itself. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > yielding fibre, thatching, or basket material > [noun] > flax plants > New Zealand flax plant or stalk phormium1783 New Zealand flax1789 korari1832 mountain flax1867 sword-flax1871 1783 tr. C. Linnaeus Syst. Veg. (1785) I. 273 Phormium. Cor. 6-petal'd: the three exteriour petals shorter. 1797 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 623/1 Phormium..is a name which we may give to a plant that serves the inhabitants of New Zealand instead of hemp and flax. 1821 Edinb. Philos. Jrnl. 5 345 The following results..manifest the comparative superiority in strength of the fibres of the Phormium. 1852 J. D. B. De Bow Industr. Resources Southern & Western States I. 84 The phormium would doubtless succeed in the rich bottoms of the Mississippi Valley. 1879 Amer. Naturalist 13 73 They no longer shape and polish implements of stone, or weave blankets and mats of Phormium. 1905 13th Rep. Dept. Agric. (N.Z.) App. x. 402 Most of the Phormium [in flax swamps] was short, but there were considerable quantities of good millable fibre. 1933 W. J. Bean Trees & Shrubs Hardy in Brit. Isles III. 274 Strictly speaking, the phormiums are, I suppose, ‘herbs’, but they are genuinely evergreen. 1970 L. B. Moore & E. Edgar Flora N.Z. II. 46 All the Cordyline and Phormium spp. investigated have seeds that are extremely rich in linoleic acid. 1996 Sainsbury's Mag. Jan. 158 (caption) The spiky, deep red phormium..provides a strong, dramatic shape in amongst the riot of summer colour. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1783
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