Peruviann.¹adj.

Brit.

/pəˈruːvɪən/, U.S.

/pəˈruviən/

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Peruvia , -an suffix.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin Peruvia (1566 or earlier), Latinized form of Peru, the name of a country in South America (Spanish Peru) + -an suffix. Compare post-classical Latin Peruvianus (1596 or earlier), Spanish peruano (1570), peruviano (1732, chiefly in botany).The origin of the name Peru is uncertain but it is believed not to be from any local Quechua name or word.

A. n.¹

1. A native or inhabitant of Peru.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of South America > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Peru

Peruvian1598

1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies ii. 257/1 The Peruuians [Dutch die..peruaensche]..beleeue the immortalitie both of soule and body.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage ix. x. 726 The Peruuians acknowledged a supreme Lord and Author of all things, which they called Viracocha.

1677 J. Locke Jrnl. 14 Oct. in K. Dewhurst John Locke (1963) 89 Giving suck only 3 times a day as the Peruvians did.

1701 Philos. Trans. 1700–1 (Royal Soc.) 22 810 The Peruvians call these [cockroaches] Araners.

1776 W. J. Mickle in tr. L. de Camoens Lusiad Introd. p. xxx (note) He [sc. Pizarro] massacred the Peruvians, he said, because they were barbarians.

1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 7/1 The difference in political institutions and in the usages of society between the Peruvians and Mexicans precludes the supposition of either of these two nations having received their civilization from the other.

1882 Amer. Naturalist 16 310 Comparing the cave clothing with that of the ancient Peruvians, we find close alliance.

1920 H. G. Wells Outl. Hist. I. xvi. 120/2 The Peruvians also got to making maps and the use of counting-frames.

2002 Daily Tel. 3 Sept. 22/6 If it were dangerous, Peruvians would surely have noticed it by now.

2. In plural. Peruvian stocks or bonds. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > stocks, shares, or bonds > [noun] > types of > specific foreign

Peruvians1863

American1886

Yankees1887

cedula1919

1863 Times 2 Dec. 6/6 Prices have advanced to 28,200 reis per arroba for Peruvians.

1865 G. Meredith Rhoda Fleming I. iii. 47 I see bonds in all sorts of colours,..Peruvians—orange, Mexicans—red as the British army.

1909 Westm. Gaz. 3 June 12/3 In the Foreign market, Argentine Government stocks were rather dull, in sympathy with the decline in the railways... On the other hand, Peruvians were firm and quietly bid for.

B. adj.

Of, belonging to, or relating to the country of Peru.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of South America > [adjective] > Peru

Peruvian1613

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage viii. xiv. 689 Beyond these Darien Straits, unto..Peruvian America.

1628 World Encompassed by Sir F. Drake 55 We met a Spaniard with an Indian boy, driving 8. Lambes or Peruvian sheepe.

1665 R. Howard & J. Dryden Indian-queen v, in R. Howard Four New Plays 173 Till fit for armes, I reav'd you from your sport, To train your Youth in the Peruvian Court.

1710 T. Nairne Let. from S. Carolina 40 Besides Bills of Credit, the Money most common in this Province is French Pistoles..Dutch and German Dollars, and Peruvian Pieces of Eight, passed at 5 s.

1745 J. Serle Plan of Mr. Pope's Gardens 8 A fine Piece of Gold Ore from the Peruvian Mines.

1824 C. G. Garnett Night before Bridal 201 Heroes and sages, And mighty lawgivers, whose wisdom, borne Down life's full tide, leave, like Peruvian streams, Rich spoils behind them.

1867 J. W. Draper Hist. Amer. Civil War I. ii. §1. 76 The Peruvian empire antedates that of Mexico.

1909 Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 647/2 The gladsome, gesticulating race whose features we see depicted on the ancient Peruvian portrait-pottery!

1990 Wilson Q. Autumn 138/1 The Peruvian peasantry has been integrated into the market economy.

Compounds

C1. In names of plants and animals native to Peru, and natural products originating from Peru.

† Peruvian cinnamon n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1895 Encycl. Dict. V. 470/1 Peruvian-cinnamon, cinnamon obtained from Cinnamomum quixos.

† Peruvian ipecacuanha n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1853 A. Gray Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 4) 439 Its emetic principle (called Emetine) also exists in Psychotria emetica of New Granada, which furnishes the striated, black, or Peruvian Ipecacuanha.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 625/2 Ipecacuanha, Black or Peruvian, Psychotria emetica.

† Peruvian nutmeg n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 663/1 The aromatic seeds of the Chilian species, L[aurelia] sempervirens, are used as a spice in Peru, and are often called Peruvian Nutmegs.

1875 Amer. Cycl. XII. 543/2 Peruvian nutmegs are the aromatic seeds of Laurelia sempervirens.

Peruvian balsam n. balsam of Peru, which is obtained from the tree Myroxylon balsamum var. pereirae.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > ointments, etc. > [noun] > balsam > specific

opobalsamuma1398

opobalsam1526

Samaritan's balsam1640

Peruvian balsam1666

balsam of Tolu1671

tolu balsam1671

true balsam1671

balsam of saturn1694

balm of Mecca1717

balsam of Mecca1721

friar's balsam1753

Canada balsam1754

balsam of Peru1771

Riga balsam1793

balsam of Acouchi1830

solid balsam1836

Sonsonate1852

Balm of Gilead-

1666 D. Coxe Let. 19 Feb. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) III. 72 The flux was immediately stopped by a pill or 2 whose ingredients were lint, Magistery of Corall, & Peruvian Balsam.

1747 tr. J. Astruc Academical Lect. Fevers 148 The Peruvian balsam is commonly used in fumigations only.

1872 Manufacturer & Builder June 144/1 The old-fashioned varnish..consists of liquid storax, Peruvian balsam, and copaiva balsam.

1998 C. Mims When we Die (1999) ix. 207 The corpses of kings and high-ranking individuals were eviscerated, treated with Peruvian balsam and other substances, and wrapped in a sitting position.

Peruvian bark n. [compare post-classical Latin cortex Peruvianus (1663 in a work title)] now chiefly historical cinchona bark.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > febrifuge or antipyretic > [noun] > plant-derived

ague tree1597

diaprune1625

fever bark1658

Peruvian bark1663

quinquina1681

quinaquina1708

Angostura bark1789

Angostura1794

cinchona1800

cinchona-bark1811

quinia1823

quinine1824

cinchonine1825

quina1825

quinina1825

cinchonia1831

fever grass1875

quinetum1875

parsley camphor1879

parthenin1885

parthenicine1888

artemisinin1979

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > medicinal trees or shrubs > [noun] > non-British medicinal trees or shrubs > cinchona tree or bark

Peruvian bark1663

quinquina1681

Jesuits' Bark1704

quinaquina1708

quinquina1740

cinchona1742

quill bark1742

grey bark1781

red bark1782

bark-tree1783

yellow bark1794

cinchona-bark1811

crown bark1823

Loxa bark1825

Suriname bark1844

Lima bark1855

quinine tree1855

1663 R. Boyle Some Considerations Usefulnesse Exper. Nat. Philos. ii. iii. 67 That Peruvian Bark, that now begins to be somewhat taken notice of, under the name of The Jesuits Powder.

1776 Jrnls. Continental Congr. (U.S.) 4 324 Resolved, That the Secret Committee be directed to send two hundred pounds of Peruvian bark to the commanding officer.

1870 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce 234 Peruvian bark is usually imported in packages, or serons, made of dried cow-hides.

1990 Pract. Health Spring (Homeopathy Suppl.) 2/2 Hahnemann read about the use of Peruvian bark (cinchona, from which quinine is now made) as a treatment for malaria.

† Peruvian bat n. Obsolete rare the bulldog or fisherman bat, Noctilio leporinus.

ΚΠ

1781 T. Pennant Hist. Quadrupeds II. 554 Bat, Peruvian... B [at] with a head like a pug-dog: large strait-pointed ears: two canine teeth.

Peruvian cotton n. a perennial cultivated form of the cotton Gossypium barbadense (formerly G. peruvianum).

ΚΠ

1846 Commerc. Rev. South & West Dec. 440 I send to you herewith a sample of Peruvian Cotton, brought by Lieut. Sherbourne, of the Navy, to this country.

1920 Times 14 Jan. 16/5 They are trying staple Upland cotton..eked out by Peruvian cotton.

1990 Jrnl. Lat. Amer. Stud. 22 311 There was a shipping argument in favour of sending ores to the UK, as deadweight in cargoes of Peruvian cotton and flax.

Peruvian current n. a cold surface current of the Pacific Ocean, flowing northwards along the western coast of South America; also called Humboldt current.

ΚΠ

1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 120/2 The body of warm water which, according to Capt. Fitzroy, joins the Peruvian current near the Galapagos Islands.

1918 Geogr. Rev. 5 127 No feature of the coast of Peru is more significant as affecting the character of its marine fauna and flora than the Humboldt, or Peruvian, Current.

1990 Functional Ecol. 4 763/2 Some have speculated that the ancestors of the Galapagos fur seal were South American fur seals that followed the northerly directed Peruvian current.

Peruvian daffodil n. any of several spider lilies of the genus Hymenocallis; esp. H. amancaes and H. narcissiflora.

ΚΠ

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 380/1 Daffodil, Peruvian, Ismene Amancaes.

1994 Harrowsmith Country Life Dec. 29/2 Hymenocallis, which is also called Ismene, spider lily and Peruvian daffodil, has spidery white flowers with a strong, spicy fragrance.

Peruvian heliotrope n. the heliotrope Heliotropium arborescens (formerly known as H. peruvianum).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > fragrant plants or plants used in perfumery > [noun] > Peruvian heliotrope

Peruvian heliotrope1796

cherry-pie1857

1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 89 The French or Peruvian heliotrope.

1890 Cent. Dict. at Heliotrope H. Peruvianum, the Peruvian heliotrope, has long been a favorite garden-plant, on account of the fragrance of its flowers.

1991 Washington Times (Nexis) 3 Oct. f1 Offerings include Danish ‘Afro’ parsley.., Peruvian heliotrope, strawberry popcorn..and all manner of interesting salad entries.

Peruvian lily n. = alstroemeria n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > daffodil and allied flowers > allied flowers

summer fool1597

winter daffodil1615

Jacobaea lily1752

African tulip1759

Jacobean lily1770

haemanthus1771

alstroemeria1775

snowflake1777

chandelier lily1818

hippeastrum1821

clivia1828

Vallota1837

sprekelia1840

Murray lily1847

knight's star1855

Natal lily1855

Loddon lily1882

Peruvian lily1883

spider lily1887

1883 W. Robinson Eng. Flower Garden 10/1 Alstrœmeria (Peruvian Lily)... One or two kinds..are hardy and charming as any flowers on warm soil.

1931 M. E. Stebbing Hardy Flower Gardening v. 100 Alstrœmerias, called ‘Peruvian Lilies’, do curiously well in Scotland, considering they come from such a warm climate.

1992 Flora Internat. Mar. 33/1 The use of Alstroemerias (or Peruvian lilies) in flower arrangements is increasing because of their subtle colouring, contrasting shape, long stems and their long life after cutting.

Peruvian mastic n. (also Peruvian mastic tree) the California pepper tree, Schinus molle.

ΚΠ

1813 J. M. Good et al. Pantologia Peruvian Mastic Tree.

1911 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 873/2 The West Indian mastic tree is the Bursera gummifera and the Peruvian mastic is Schinus molle.

1960 E. Lehner & J. Lehner Folklore & Symbolism of Flowers 46 The Peruvian pepper or mastic tree (Schinus molle) is a graceful South American shrub.

† Peruvian sheep n. Obsolete each of the four woolly South American mammals of the camel family, the llama, guanaco, alpaca, and vicuña.

ΚΠ

1628 [see sense B.].

1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 142 We saw..Guinacoes or Peruvian Sheep, as big as small Mules.

1811 W. Walton (title) An historical and descriptive account of the Peruvian sheep, called carneros de la tierra.

1852 De Bow's Rev. Jan. 76 The Peruvian sheep, of which the wool is so fine and soft.

C2.

Peruvian province n. Zoology a zoogeographical province consisting of the littoral waters of Peru and Chile together with the Juan Fernández Islands.

ΚΠ

1856 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca iii. 376 (heading) Peruvian province.

1868 tr. L. Figuier Ocean World 475 The Peruvian province contains a long list of species, and extends from Callao to Valparaiso.

1909 Amer. Naturalist 43 533 The littoral marine molluscan faunas of the west coast of the two Americas..comprise... (5) The Peruvian Province, extending from Guayaquil south to the vicinity of the island of Chiloë in southern Chile.

1991 Paleobiology 17 311/2 Dall concluded that the fauna of the Peruvian Province was chiefly southern in origin.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	peruvian
释义	Peruviann.¹adj. Brit. /pəˈruːvɪən/, U.S. /pəˈruviən/ Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element. Etymons: proper name Peruvia , -an suffix. Etymology: < post-classical Latin Peruvia (1566 or earlier), Latinized form of Peru, the name of a country in South America (Spanish Peru) + -an suffix. Compare post-classical Latin Peruvianus (1596 or earlier), Spanish peruano (1570), peruviano (1732, chiefly in botany).The origin of the name Peru is uncertain but it is believed not to be from any local Quechua name or word. A. n.¹ 1. A native or inhabitant of Peru. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of South America > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Peru Peruvian1598 1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies ii. 257/1 The Peruuians [Dutch die..peruaensche]..beleeue the immortalitie both of soule and body. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage ix. x. 726 The Peruuians acknowledged a supreme Lord and Author of all things, which they called Viracocha. 1677 J. Locke Jrnl. 14 Oct. in K. Dewhurst John Locke (1963) 89 Giving suck only 3 times a day as the Peruvians did. 1701 Philos. Trans. 1700–1 (Royal Soc.) 22 810 The Peruvians call these [cockroaches] Araners. 1776 W. J. Mickle in tr. L. de Camoens Lusiad Introd. p. xxx (note) He [sc. Pizarro] massacred the Peruvians, he said, because they were barbarians. 1840 Penny Cycl. XVIII. 7/1 The difference in political institutions and in the usages of society between the Peruvians and Mexicans precludes the supposition of either of these two nations having received their civilization from the other. 1882 Amer. Naturalist 16 310 Comparing the cave clothing with that of the ancient Peruvians, we find close alliance. 1920 H. G. Wells Outl. Hist. I. xvi. 120/2 The Peruvians also got to making maps and the use of counting-frames. 2002 Daily Tel. 3 Sept. 22/6 If it were dangerous, Peruvians would surely have noticed it by now. 2. In plural. Peruvian stocks or bonds. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > stocks, shares, or bonds > [noun] > types of > specific foreign Peruvians1863 American1886 Yankees1887 cedula1919 1863 Times 2 Dec. 6/6 Prices have advanced to 28,200 reis per arroba for Peruvians. 1865 G. Meredith Rhoda Fleming I. iii. 47 I see bonds in all sorts of colours,..Peruvians—orange, Mexicans—red as the British army. 1909 Westm. Gaz. 3 June 12/3 In the Foreign market, Argentine Government stocks were rather dull, in sympathy with the decline in the railways... On the other hand, Peruvians were firm and quietly bid for. B. adj. Of, belonging to, or relating to the country of Peru. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of South America > [adjective] > Peru Peruvian1613 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage viii. xiv. 689 Beyond these Darien Straits, unto..Peruvian America. 1628 World Encompassed by Sir F. Drake 55 We met a Spaniard with an Indian boy, driving 8. Lambes or Peruvian sheepe. 1665 R. Howard & J. Dryden Indian-queen v, in R. Howard Four New Plays 173 Till fit for armes, I reav'd you from your sport, To train your Youth in the Peruvian Court. 1710 T. Nairne Let. from S. Carolina 40 Besides Bills of Credit, the Money most common in this Province is French Pistoles..Dutch and German Dollars, and Peruvian Pieces of Eight, passed at 5 s. 1745 J. Serle Plan of Mr. Pope's Gardens 8 A fine Piece of Gold Ore from the Peruvian Mines. 1824 C. G. Garnett Night before Bridal 201 Heroes and sages, And mighty lawgivers, whose wisdom, borne Down life's full tide, leave, like Peruvian streams, Rich spoils behind them. 1867 J. W. Draper Hist. Amer. Civil War I. ii. §1. 76 The Peruvian empire antedates that of Mexico. 1909 Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 647/2 The gladsome, gesticulating race whose features we see depicted on the ancient Peruvian portrait-pottery! 1990 Wilson Q. Autumn 138/1 The Peruvian peasantry has been integrated into the market economy. Compounds C1. In names of plants and animals native to Peru, and natural products originating from Peru. a. † Peruvian cinnamon n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1895 Encycl. Dict. V. 470/1 Peruvian-cinnamon, cinnamon obtained from Cinnamomum quixos. † Peruvian ipecacuanha n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1853 A. Gray Bot. Text-bk. (ed. 4) 439 Its emetic principle (called Emetine) also exists in Psychotria emetica of New Granada, which furnishes the striated, black, or Peruvian Ipecacuanha. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 625/2 Ipecacuanha, Black or Peruvian, Psychotria emetica. † Peruvian nutmeg n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 663/1 The aromatic seeds of the Chilian species, L[aurelia] sempervirens, are used as a spice in Peru, and are often called Peruvian Nutmegs. 1875 Amer. Cycl. XII. 543/2 Peruvian nutmegs are the aromatic seeds of Laurelia sempervirens. b. Peruvian balsam n. balsam of Peru, which is obtained from the tree Myroxylon balsamum var. pereirae. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > ointments, etc. > [noun] > balsam > specific opobalsamuma1398 opobalsam1526 Samaritan's balsam1640 Peruvian balsam1666 balsam of Tolu1671 tolu balsam1671 true balsam1671 balsam of saturn1694 balm of Mecca1717 balsam of Mecca1721 friar's balsam1753 Canada balsam1754 balsam of Peru1771 Riga balsam1793 balsam of Acouchi1830 solid balsam1836 Sonsonate1852 Balm of Gilead- 1666 D. Coxe Let. 19 Feb. in R. Boyle Corr. (2001) III. 72 The flux was immediately stopped by a pill or 2 whose ingredients were lint, Magistery of Corall, & Peruvian Balsam. 1747 tr. J. Astruc Academical Lect. Fevers 148 The Peruvian balsam is commonly used in fumigations only. 1872 Manufacturer & Builder June 144/1 The old-fashioned varnish..consists of liquid storax, Peruvian balsam, and copaiva balsam. 1998 C. Mims When we Die (1999) ix. 207 The corpses of kings and high-ranking individuals were eviscerated, treated with Peruvian balsam and other substances, and wrapped in a sitting position. Peruvian bark n. [compare post-classical Latin cortex Peruvianus (1663 in a work title)] now chiefly historical cinchona bark. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > febrifuge or antipyretic > [noun] > plant-derived ague tree1597 diaprune1625 fever bark1658 Peruvian bark1663 quinquina1681 quinaquina1708 Angostura bark1789 Angostura1794 cinchona1800 cinchona-bark1811 quinia1823 quinine1824 cinchonine1825 quina1825 quinina1825 cinchonia1831 fever grass1875 quinetum1875 parsley camphor1879 parthenin1885 parthenicine1888 artemisinin1979 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > medicinal trees or shrubs > [noun] > non-British medicinal trees or shrubs > cinchona tree or bark Peruvian bark1663 quinquina1681 Jesuits' Bark1704 quinaquina1708 quinquina1740 cinchona1742 quill bark1742 grey bark1781 red bark1782 bark-tree1783 yellow bark1794 cinchona-bark1811 crown bark1823 Loxa bark1825 Suriname bark1844 Lima bark1855 quinine tree1855 1663 R. Boyle Some Considerations Usefulnesse Exper. Nat. Philos. ii. iii. 67 That Peruvian Bark, that now begins to be somewhat taken notice of, under the name of The Jesuits Powder. 1776 Jrnls. Continental Congr. (U.S.) 4 324 Resolved, That the Secret Committee be directed to send two hundred pounds of Peruvian bark to the commanding officer. 1870 J. Yeats Nat. Hist. Commerce 234 Peruvian bark is usually imported in packages, or serons, made of dried cow-hides. 1990 Pract. Health Spring (Homeopathy Suppl.) 2/2 Hahnemann read about the use of Peruvian bark (cinchona, from which quinine is now made) as a treatment for malaria. † Peruvian bat n. Obsolete rare the bulldog or fisherman bat, Noctilio leporinus. ΚΠ 1781 T. Pennant Hist. Quadrupeds II. 554 Bat, Peruvian... B [at] with a head like a pug-dog: large strait-pointed ears: two canine teeth. Peruvian cotton n. a perennial cultivated form of the cotton Gossypium barbadense (formerly G. peruvianum). ΚΠ 1846 Commerc. Rev. South & West Dec. 440 I send to you herewith a sample of Peruvian Cotton, brought by Lieut. Sherbourne, of the Navy, to this country. 1920 Times 14 Jan. 16/5 They are trying staple Upland cotton..eked out by Peruvian cotton. 1990 Jrnl. Lat. Amer. Stud. 22 311 There was a shipping argument in favour of sending ores to the UK, as deadweight in cargoes of Peruvian cotton and flax. Peruvian current n. a cold surface current of the Pacific Ocean, flowing northwards along the western coast of South America; also called Humboldt current. ΚΠ 1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 120/2 The body of warm water which, according to Capt. Fitzroy, joins the Peruvian current near the Galapagos Islands. 1918 Geogr. Rev. 5 127 No feature of the coast of Peru is more significant as affecting the character of its marine fauna and flora than the Humboldt, or Peruvian, Current. 1990 Functional Ecol. 4 763/2 Some have speculated that the ancestors of the Galapagos fur seal were South American fur seals that followed the northerly directed Peruvian current. Peruvian daffodil n. any of several spider lilies of the genus Hymenocallis; esp. H. amancaes and H. narcissiflora. ΚΠ 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 380/1 Daffodil, Peruvian, Ismene Amancaes. 1994 Harrowsmith Country Life Dec. 29/2 Hymenocallis, which is also called Ismene, spider lily and Peruvian daffodil, has spidery white flowers with a strong, spicy fragrance. Peruvian heliotrope n. the heliotrope Heliotropium arborescens (formerly known as H. peruvianum). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > fragrant plants or plants used in perfumery > [noun] > Peruvian heliotrope Peruvian heliotrope1796 cherry-pie1857 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 89 The French or Peruvian heliotrope. 1890 Cent. Dict. at Heliotrope H. Peruvianum, the Peruvian heliotrope, has long been a favorite garden-plant, on account of the fragrance of its flowers. 1991 Washington Times (Nexis) 3 Oct. f1 Offerings include Danish ‘Afro’ parsley.., Peruvian heliotrope, strawberry popcorn..and all manner of interesting salad entries. Peruvian lily n. = alstroemeria n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > daffodil and allied flowers > allied flowers summer fool1597 winter daffodil1615 Jacobaea lily1752 African tulip1759 Jacobean lily1770 haemanthus1771 alstroemeria1775 snowflake1777 chandelier lily1818 hippeastrum1821 clivia1828 Vallota1837 sprekelia1840 Murray lily1847 knight's star1855 Natal lily1855 Loddon lily1882 Peruvian lily1883 spider lily1887 1883 W. Robinson Eng. Flower Garden 10/1 Alstrœmeria (Peruvian Lily)... One or two kinds..are hardy and charming as any flowers on warm soil. 1931 M. E. Stebbing Hardy Flower Gardening v. 100 Alstrœmerias, called ‘Peruvian Lilies’, do curiously well in Scotland, considering they come from such a warm climate. 1992 Flora Internat. Mar. 33/1 The use of Alstroemerias (or Peruvian lilies) in flower arrangements is increasing because of their subtle colouring, contrasting shape, long stems and their long life after cutting. Peruvian mastic n. (also Peruvian mastic tree) the California pepper tree, Schinus molle. ΚΠ 1813 J. M. Good et al. Pantologia Peruvian Mastic Tree. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 873/2 The West Indian mastic tree is the Bursera gummifera and the Peruvian mastic is Schinus molle. 1960 E. Lehner & J. Lehner Folklore & Symbolism of Flowers 46 The Peruvian pepper or mastic tree (Schinus molle) is a graceful South American shrub. † Peruvian sheep n. Obsolete each of the four woolly South American mammals of the camel family, the llama, guanaco, alpaca, and vicuña. ΚΠ 1628 [see sense B.]. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 142 We saw..Guinacoes or Peruvian Sheep, as big as small Mules. 1811 W. Walton (title) An historical and descriptive account of the Peruvian sheep, called carneros de la tierra. 1852 De Bow's Rev. Jan. 76 The Peruvian sheep, of which the wool is so fine and soft. C2. Peruvian province n. Zoology a zoogeographical province consisting of the littoral waters of Peru and Chile together with the Juan Fernández Islands. ΚΠ 1856 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca iii. 376 (heading) Peruvian province. 1868 tr. L. Figuier Ocean World 475 The Peruvian province contains a long list of species, and extends from Callao to Valparaiso. 1909 Amer. Naturalist 43 533 The littoral marine molluscan faunas of the west coast of the two Americas..comprise... (5) The Peruvian Province, extending from Guayaquil south to the vicinity of the island of Chiloë in southern Chile. 1991 Paleobiology 17 311/2 Dall concluded that the fauna of the Peruvian Province was chiefly southern in origin. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Peruviann.² Brit. /pəˈruːvɪən/, U.S. /pəˈruviən/, South African English /pəˈruːviən/ Origin: Probably formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: PRU , -ian suffix. Etymology: Probably irregularly < PRU (initialism < Polish and Russian Union : compare quot. 1972) + -ian suffix, probably punningly after Peruvian n.¹For an alternative explanation compare:1923 B. Ronan Forty S. Afr. Yrs 163 Those early days saw the influx of that strange race, locally known as ‘Peruvians’. How they obtained their title is not very clear. I believe it was first given to some Polish and Russian Jews who came out to South Africa after failing to make a living after the failure of Baron Hirsch's Jewish colonisation scheme in South America.1944 A. A. Roback Dict. Internat. Slurs 58 Peruvian Jews, Jews, who having been unable to cope with colonization conditions in South America come to settle in South Africa. South African. derogatory and offensive. Now historical. Also Peruvian Jew. A Jewish person, esp. one from Central or Eastern Europe. Also in later use (among Jewish people): a crude or dishonest person; a boor. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > Semite > [noun] > Jew > of specific area the Dispersion1382 Oriental Jew1659 diaspora1694 Polack1834 Ashkenazim1839 Hebraist1892 Litvak1892 Peruvian Jew1897 Tudesco1897 halutzim1921 Yemenite1926 Ostjuden1934 Sabra1945 Yekke1950 refusenik1973 1897 Star (Johannesburg) 7 July 5 The Government will not listen to the oily tongues of the numerous deputations financed by a clique of Peruvians. 1899 in C. Pettman Africanderisms (1913) 370 Peddling Peruvian Jews were mulcted in sums from £10 downwards..and compelled to contribute to the Pretorian war-chest. 1936 ‘Idler’ Rolling Home 385 He called me one day to a little Jew of the worst type which comes from Eastern Europe—the type of ‘Peruvian’ in South Africa. 1972 E. Rosenthal Let. 23 May in Voorloper (1976) 638 According to Max Sonnenburg, the expression originated in the early days of Kimberley, where a body was set up, called ‘The Polish and Russian Union’, the initials of which ‘P.R.U.’, gave rise to the word ‘Peruvian’. 2001 N. Gordimer in Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 17 June (Book Review section) 4 Among Jews, there was the other expression of disgust: ‘He's a real Peruvian.’ ‘He’ would be a Jew whose loud behavior, flamboyance and vulgarity offended. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹adj.1598n.²1897
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Peruviann.1adj.

Compounds

Peruviann.2

Peruviann.¹adj.

Peruviann.²