| 单词 | phlegmatic temperament |
| 释义 | > as lemmasphlegmatic temperament 6. In medieval physiology: The combination of the four cardinal humours (see humour n. 1a) of the body, by the relative proportion of which the physical and mental constitution were held to be determined; known spec. as animal temperament; also, The bodily habit attributed to this, as sanguine temperament, choleric temperament, phlegmatic temperament, or melancholic temperament (see the adjectives). See temper n. 8.In modern use the term temperament and the names of the four temperaments continue, without any theory of combination of humours. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > disposition or character > [noun] > disposition arising from humours complexion1393 temperature1561 humour?1563 temperament1628 the world > life > the body > secretory organs > secretion > [noun] > fluid secretion > humours > combination of complexion1393 crasis1602 temperament1628 tetrasyncrasy1651 1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xxx. sig. N8 Though the soule be not caused by the body; yet in the generall it followes the temperament of it. a1656 Bp. J. Hall Invisible World (1659) ii. i. 79 Galen was not a better Physician then an ill Divine, whiles he determines the soul to be the complexion and temperament of the prime qualities. 1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Physical Inst. i, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Cv That [Medicament]..which..doth work a manifest mutation on our bodies,..either in temperament, in matter or form. 1676 J. Dryden Aureng-Zebe Ep. Ded. Our minds are perpetually wrought on by the temperament of our Bodies. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The ancient Physicians brought these Animal Temperaments to correspond with the universal Temperaments..: Thus the Sanguine Temperament was supposed to coincide with hot and moist; the Phlegmatic with cold and moist, the Melancholic with dry and cold, &c. 1818 T. L. Peacock Nightmare Abbey i. 1 This gentleman was naturally of an atrabilarious temperament. 1836 A. Walker Beauty in Woman 202 The ancients classed individuals in one or other of four temperaments, founded on the hypothesis of four humours,..the red part [of the blood], phlegm, yellow, and black bile... Hence were derived the names of the sanguine, the phlegmatic, the choleric, and the melancholic temperaments. 1843 R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xxxi. 421 Edward Fitzgerald, labourer,..temperament sanguineous. < as lemmas |
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