perpetuityn.

Brit.

/ˌpəːpᵻˈtʃuːᵻti/,

/ˌpəːpᵻˈtjuːᵻti/, U.S.

/ˌpərpəˈt(j)uədi/

Forms: Middle English perpetuete, Middle English 1600s perpetuitee, Middle English–1500s perpetuite, Middle English–1500s perpetuyte, 1500s–1600s perpetuitie, 1500s–1600s perpetuitye, 1500s– perpetuity.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French perpetuité; Latin perpetuitāt-, perpetuitās.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman perpetuité, perpetueté, perpetuitie and Middle French perpetuité (1212 or earlier in Anglo-Norman; French perpétuité ) and its etymon classical Latin perpetuitāt-, perpetuitās continuity in time or space, fact or quality of lasting for a long time, permanence, in post-classical Latin also grant in perpetuity, perpetual benefice (from c1215 in British sources) < perpetuus lasting, permanent (see perpetual adj.) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare Old Occitan perpetuitat (1463; Occitan perpetuita (1519)), Spanish perpetuidad (1453 or earlier), Italian perpetuità (a1342).

a. in (also for, †to) perpetuity: for all time, for ever; for an unlimited or indefinitely long period.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > eternity or infinite duration > [adverb]

always fortha700

alwayeOE

oeOE

everOE

buten endea1000

echelichec1175

till doomsdayc1175

to timea1200

perdurablyc1275

in ayea1300

without endc1330

anytimea1375

for ay and oc1374

continually1382

perpetuallyc1385

ay-forthc1390

everlastinglyc1390

perpetualc1392

eternallyc1393

endlessa1400

in (also for, to) perpetuitya1400

always?c1425

without timec1425

endlesslya1450

sempiternlyc1450

infinitivec1470

aylastinglyc1475

everlastingc1475

incessantly1481

in saecula saeculorum1481

sempiternally1509

all days1533

for altogether1542

constantly1567

interminate?1567

incorruptibly1579

perpetuously1612

in perpetuum1613

eternal1614

unterminably1631

unfadinglya1672

unendingly1674

for a constancy1710

perennially1729

tarnally1790

imperishably1795

indefectibly1837

immortally1858

fadelessly1861

a1400 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 62 (MED) Men shulden be war..þat þai [sc. priests] be not en-erited as in perpetuyte, but vp-on trewe lyuyng, hauyng godis in mesure.

1439 Rolls of Parl. V. 28/2 To endure to the next Parlement, and so forth in perpetuite.

a1500 (a1475) G. Ashby Dicta Philosophorum 540 in Poems (1899) 66 The worlde is [not] in perpetuite, Therfore, for to do wele, make no delay.

1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. xliiii The chaplayne..may charge the chauntry with a rent charge in perpetuyte.

1652 J. Wright tr. J.-P. Camus Nature's Paradox iv. 226 There to continue to perpetuity, under pain of beeing Hanged if ever they returned.

1717 C. Bullock Woman is Riddle iv. 45 I cou'd contemplate on these lines to perpetuity.

1757 M. Postlethwayt Great Britain's True Syst. xiii. 316 The Benefit that our Commerce may receive by the Prevention of additional Taxes to Perpetuity.

1802 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) III. 473 His Highness..hereby assigns and cedes in perpetuity to the Honorable East India Company, all the territories detailed.

1862 C. Darwin On Var. Contrivances Orchids Fertilised ii. 69 We have here a plant which is self-fertilized for perpetuity.

1926 Spectator 24 July 130/1 The land and buildings shall be used in perpetuity as ‘home-crofts’.

1992 Financial Times 22 Feb. 8/3 If the Afrikaner cedes power now, he will still be left with enough influence to protect Afrikanerdom in perpetuity.

b. The quality or state of being perpetual; an instance of this, an endless or indefinite duration or existence; permanence, endlessness. †office of perpetuity: a perpetually endowed ecclesiastical office (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > eternity or infinite duration > [noun] > eternalness

eternityc1374

incorruptibleness1398

eternalitya1400

perpetualty1435

perpetuity1455

incorruptibilitya1475

perdurance1508

perpetuality1543

perennity1597

sempiternity1599

eternness1606

perpetualness1611

indefectibility1624

alwayness1674

eternalness1727

indefeatabilitya1754

imperishability1813

imperishableness1818

timelessness1836

unfadingness1860

unendingness1881

eternalism1889

agelessness1893

achronism1902

1455 in A. Clark Lincoln Diocese Documents (1914) 78 In case the said ij prestis..be promoted to eny benefice, college, chauntre, or other Office of perpetuete.

c1475 Mankind (1969) 829 (MED) Thy obstinacy wyll exclude [thee] fro þe glorius perpetuite.

1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell in Wks. (1843) I. 362 All thynge compassyd, no perpetuyte, But now in welthe, now in aduersyte.

1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. ix. 149 If we say that the Elements and the liuing wights continue their perpetuities in their kinds.

1627 J. Taylor Armado Ep. Ded. With my best wishes for the perpetuity of your..felicity.

1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 51 For the Stability and Perpetuity of the whole Universe.

1735 Visct. Bolingbroke Diss. upon Parties (ed. 2) 144 I need not descend into more Particulars to shew the Perpetuity of free Government in Britain.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. vii. 249 A third attribute of the king's majesty is his perpetuity... The king never dies.

1858 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) IV. xviii. 28 The final treaty..conceived upon a basis which promised perpetuity.

1928 E. Blunden Undertones of War ii. 14 The Old British Line at Festubert had the appearance of great age and perpetuity.

1991 Keesing's Contemp. Archives (BNC) Sept. Babangida..said that he did not believe in the perpetuity of military rule.

a. A perpetual position, possession, or right of ownership. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > position or job > [noun] > perpetual

perpetuity?1406

the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > [noun] > permanent thing or person

perpetuity?1406

perseveranta1500

continuer1548

remainer1565

standard1639

holder-out1645

constancy1710

permanent1747

permanency1794

?1406 T. Hoccleve La Mâle Règle 373 in E. P. Hammond Eng. Verse between Chaucer & Surrey (1927) 65/1 What thyng þt is lent..Thow ther in haast no perpetuitee.

1538 in F. J. Furnivall Gild of St. Mary, Lichfield (1920) 10 [They] did admytt William Wylnehale, priest, to be one of the prestes of the gild as to a perpetuyte.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. v. 626/2 The paryshe Priestes or Vicars temporall, not hauing perpetuities..shall simplye preach in the churches where they haue charge, onely those things whych are expressely contayned in the prouinciall constitution.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Tt4 If wee mought haue a perpetuity and Certainty in our pleasures, the State of them would aduance their price.

1652 W. Brough Sacred Princ. (ed. 2) 486 What a folly is this to preferre a Lease to a Perpetuity.

1713 N. Courtney Let. in Memorials Holles Family (1937) p. xii A book of vellom which hee had left prepared for that purpose to be kept as a perpetuity in the ffamily.

1884 W. D. Howells Tuscan Cities 11 I would rather have had a perpetuity of the cameriere's smile when he came up with our coffee in the morning than Donatello's San Giorgio.

1909 Polit. Sci. Q. 24 104 In the bill of rights, perpetuities and monopolies are declared to be contrary to the genius of a free government.

1976 Econ. Hist. Rev. 29 583 The position of the tenants was immensely strengthened by the fact..that most of them already possessed perpetuities.

b. Law. A disposition of property that creates a future interest in it in such a way as to restrict its subsequent alienation or devolution into the distant future; an estate with such a restriction. Chiefly in plural, with reference to a law or principle that invalidates or prohibits such dispositions.England and other common law jurisdictions have long maintained a rule against perpetuities, e.g. by limiting the length of time for which property can be controlled after death by a testator's instructions; the rule is also sometimes called the doctrine of perpetuities.In England the limiting period was traditionally 21 years after a life in being at the time of the disposition; this was modified by the Perpetuities and Accumulations Act 1964.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > transfer of property > [noun] > condition of being inalienable

perpetuity1607

inalienability1776

the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > real or immovable property > land > a landed property or estate > other types of estate

freeholdc1432

vacant1572

perpetuity1607

forestry1751

1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue iii. 111 For nothing is therein to be inserted, but matter of perpetuitie, in recommending the present state of the Mannor vnto posterities.

1629 Vse of Law 58 in J. Doddridge Lawyers Light Perpetuitie, which is an Entayle with an addition of a Proviso Conditionall tyed to his Estate, not to put away the Land from his next heyre.

1702 London Gaz. No. 3839/4 The Perpetual Advouson of Staplehurst,..is to be disposed of, either the Perpetuity, or the next Presentation.

1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. iii. ii. 469 The common law of England..is said to abhor perpetuities, and they are accordingly more restricted there than in any other European monarchy.

1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. IV. 491 The Judges have for many centuries established it as a rule, that real property should in no case be rendered unalienable, or as they usually expressed it, that perpetuities should not be allowed.

1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xvii. 119 To curb the rising desire to evade the wholesome rule of law as to perpetuities.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 125/2 Previous to 1800, this accumulation of property was not forbidden by English law, provided the period during which it was to accumulate did not exceed that forbidden by the law against perpetuities.

1994 Mod. Law Rev. 57 602 The rule against perpetuities as it applies to property transfers today.

3. Finance. A perpetual annuity or bond.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > investment > annuity > schemes or types of

long annuity?1711

perpetuity1715

irredeemable1720

tontine1765

terminable annuity1778

1715 Philos. Trans. 1714–16 (Royal Soc.) 29 111 All Computations by this Method (except of Fee-Simples or other Perpetuities) must needs be erroneous.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker III. 75 He settled a perpetuity of four-score pounds upon his parents, to be inherited by their other two sons after their decease.

1806 C. Hutton Course Math. (ed. 5) I. 266 An annuity may also be for a certain number of years; or it may be without any limit, and then it is called a Perpetuity.

1890 Dict. National Biogr. XXIII. 120/2 A perpetuity of 3,000l. a year out of the tin revenue to him and his heirs for ever.

1946 B. P. Beckwith Econ. Theory Socialist Econ. ii. vi. 126 An individualist community, balancing the attractiveness of perpetuities against that of life annuities.

1998 Jrnl. Finance 53 2260 Simple valuation models are presented using principles of annuities and perpetuities.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	perpetuity
释义	perpetuityn. Brit. /ˌpəːpᵻˈtʃuːᵻti/, /ˌpəːpᵻˈtjuːᵻti/, U.S. /ˌpərpəˈt(j)uədi/ Forms: Middle English perpetuete, Middle English 1600s perpetuitee, Middle English–1500s perpetuite, Middle English–1500s perpetuyte, 1500s–1600s perpetuitie, 1500s–1600s perpetuitye, 1500s– perpetuity. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French perpetuité; Latin perpetuitāt-, perpetuitās. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman perpetuité, perpetueté, perpetuitie and Middle French perpetuité (1212 or earlier in Anglo-Norman; French perpétuité ) and its etymon classical Latin perpetuitāt-, perpetuitās continuity in time or space, fact or quality of lasting for a long time, permanence, in post-classical Latin also grant in perpetuity, perpetual benefice (from c1215 in British sources) < perpetuus lasting, permanent (see perpetual adj.) + -tās (see -ty suffix¹; compare -ity suffix). Compare Old Occitan perpetuitat (1463; Occitan perpetuita (1519)), Spanish perpetuidad (1453 or earlier), Italian perpetuità (a1342). 1. a. in (also for, †to) perpetuity: for all time, for ever; for an unlimited or indefinitely long period. ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > eternity or infinite duration > [adverb] always fortha700 alwayeOE oeOE everOE buten endea1000 echelichec1175 till doomsdayc1175 to timea1200 perdurablyc1275 in ayea1300 without endc1330 anytimea1375 for ay and oc1374 continually1382 perpetuallyc1385 ay-forthc1390 everlastinglyc1390 perpetualc1392 eternallyc1393 endlessa1400 in (also for, to) perpetuitya1400 always?c1425 without timec1425 endlesslya1450 sempiternlyc1450 infinitivec1470 aylastinglyc1475 everlastingc1475 incessantly1481 in saecula saeculorum1481 sempiternally1509 all days1533 for altogether1542 constantly1567 interminate?1567 incorruptibly1579 perpetuously1612 in perpetuum1613 eternal1614 unterminably1631 unfadinglya1672 unendingly1674 for a constancy1710 perennially1729 tarnally1790 imperishably1795 indefectibly1837 immortally1858 fadelessly1861 a1400 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 62 (MED) Men shulden be war..þat þai [sc. priests] be not en-erited as in perpetuyte, but vp-on trewe lyuyng, hauyng godis in mesure. 1439 Rolls of Parl. V. 28/2 To endure to the next Parlement, and so forth in perpetuite. a1500 (a1475) G. Ashby Dicta Philosophorum 540 in Poems (1899) 66 The worlde is [not] in perpetuite, Therfore, for to do wele, make no delay. 1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. xliiii The chaplayne..may charge the chauntry with a rent charge in perpetuyte. 1652 J. Wright tr. J.-P. Camus Nature's Paradox iv. 226 There to continue to perpetuity, under pain of beeing Hanged if ever they returned. 1717 C. Bullock Woman is Riddle iv. 45 I cou'd contemplate on these lines to perpetuity. 1757 M. Postlethwayt Great Britain's True Syst. xiii. 316 The Benefit that our Commerce may receive by the Prevention of additional Taxes to Perpetuity. 1802 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) III. 473 His Highness..hereby assigns and cedes in perpetuity to the Honorable East India Company, all the territories detailed. 1862 C. Darwin On Var. Contrivances Orchids Fertilised ii. 69 We have here a plant which is self-fertilized for perpetuity. 1926 Spectator 24 July 130/1 The land and buildings shall be used in perpetuity as ‘home-crofts’. 1992 Financial Times 22 Feb. 8/3 If the Afrikaner cedes power now, he will still be left with enough influence to protect Afrikanerdom in perpetuity. b. The quality or state of being perpetual; an instance of this, an endless or indefinite duration or existence; permanence, endlessness. †office of perpetuity: a perpetually endowed ecclesiastical office (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > eternity or infinite duration > [noun] > eternalness eternityc1374 incorruptibleness1398 eternalitya1400 perpetualty1435 perpetuity1455 incorruptibilitya1475 perdurance1508 perpetuality1543 perennity1597 sempiternity1599 eternness1606 perpetualness1611 indefectibility1624 alwayness1674 eternalness1727 indefeatabilitya1754 imperishability1813 imperishableness1818 timelessness1836 unfadingness1860 unendingness1881 eternalism1889 agelessness1893 achronism1902 1455 in A. Clark Lincoln Diocese Documents (1914) 78 In case the said ij prestis..be promoted to eny benefice, college, chauntre, or other Office of perpetuete. c1475 Mankind (1969) 829 (MED) Thy obstinacy wyll exclude [thee] fro þe glorius perpetuite. 1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell in Wks. (1843) I. 362 All thynge compassyd, no perpetuyte, But now in welthe, now in aduersyte. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. ix. 149 If we say that the Elements and the liuing wights continue their perpetuities in their kinds. 1627 J. Taylor Armado Ep. Ded. With my best wishes for the perpetuity of your..felicity. 1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 51 For the Stability and Perpetuity of the whole Universe. 1735 Visct. Bolingbroke Diss. upon Parties (ed. 2) 144 I need not descend into more Particulars to shew the Perpetuity of free Government in Britain. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. vii. 249 A third attribute of the king's majesty is his perpetuity... The king never dies. 1858 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (ed. 2) IV. xviii. 28 The final treaty..conceived upon a basis which promised perpetuity. 1928 E. Blunden Undertones of War ii. 14 The Old British Line at Festubert had the appearance of great age and perpetuity. 1991 Keesing's Contemp. Archives (BNC) Sept. Babangida..said that he did not believe in the perpetuity of military rule. 2. a. A perpetual position, possession, or right of ownership. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > position or job > [noun] > perpetual perpetuity?1406 the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > lasting quality, permanence > [noun] > permanent thing or person perpetuity?1406 perseveranta1500 continuer1548 remainer1565 standard1639 holder-out1645 constancy1710 permanent1747 permanency1794 ?1406 T. Hoccleve La Mâle Règle 373 in E. P. Hammond Eng. Verse between Chaucer & Surrey (1927) 65/1 What thyng þt is lent..Thow ther in haast no perpetuitee. 1538 in F. J. Furnivall Gild of St. Mary, Lichfield (1920) 10 [They] did admytt William Wylnehale, priest, to be one of the prestes of the gild as to a perpetuyte. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. v. 626/2 The paryshe Priestes or Vicars temporall, not hauing perpetuities..shall simplye preach in the churches where they haue charge, onely those things whych are expressely contayned in the prouinciall constitution. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Tt4 If wee mought haue a perpetuity and Certainty in our pleasures, the State of them would aduance their price. View more context for this quotation 1652 W. Brough Sacred Princ. (ed. 2) 486 What a folly is this to preferre a Lease to a Perpetuity. 1713 N. Courtney Let. in Memorials Holles Family (1937) p. xii A book of vellom which hee had left prepared for that purpose to be kept as a perpetuity in the ffamily. 1884 W. D. Howells Tuscan Cities 11 I would rather have had a perpetuity of the cameriere's smile when he came up with our coffee in the morning than Donatello's San Giorgio. 1909 Polit. Sci. Q. 24 104 In the bill of rights, perpetuities and monopolies are declared to be contrary to the genius of a free government. 1976 Econ. Hist. Rev. 29 583 The position of the tenants was immensely strengthened by the fact..that most of them already possessed perpetuities. b. Law. A disposition of property that creates a future interest in it in such a way as to restrict its subsequent alienation or devolution into the distant future; an estate with such a restriction. Chiefly in plural, with reference to a law or principle that invalidates or prohibits such dispositions.England and other common law jurisdictions have long maintained a rule against perpetuities, e.g. by limiting the length of time for which property can be controlled after death by a testator's instructions; the rule is also sometimes called the doctrine of perpetuities.In England the limiting period was traditionally 21 years after a life in being at the time of the disposition; this was modified by the Perpetuities and Accumulations Act 1964. ΘΚΠ society > law > transfer of property > [noun] > condition of being inalienable perpetuity1607 inalienability1776 the mind > possession > possessions > [noun] > real or immovable property > land > a landed property or estate > other types of estate freeholdc1432 vacant1572 perpetuity1607 forestry1751 1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue iii. 111 For nothing is therein to be inserted, but matter of perpetuitie, in recommending the present state of the Mannor vnto posterities. 1629 Vse of Law 58 in J. Doddridge Lawyers Light Perpetuitie, which is an Entayle with an addition of a Proviso Conditionall tyed to his Estate, not to put away the Land from his next heyre. 1702 London Gaz. No. 3839/4 The Perpetual Advouson of Staplehurst,..is to be disposed of, either the Perpetuity, or the next Presentation. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. iii. ii. 469 The common law of England..is said to abhor perpetuities, and they are accordingly more restricted there than in any other European monarchy. View more context for this quotation 1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. IV. 491 The Judges have for many centuries established it as a rule, that real property should in no case be rendered unalienable, or as they usually expressed it, that perpetuities should not be allowed. 1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law xvii. 119 To curb the rising desire to evade the wholesome rule of law as to perpetuities. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 125/2 Previous to 1800, this accumulation of property was not forbidden by English law, provided the period during which it was to accumulate did not exceed that forbidden by the law against perpetuities. 1994 Mod. Law Rev. 57 602 The rule against perpetuities as it applies to property transfers today. 3. Finance. A perpetual annuity or bond. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > investment > annuity > schemes or types of long annuity?1711 perpetuity1715 irredeemable1720 tontine1765 terminable annuity1778 1715 Philos. Trans. 1714–16 (Royal Soc.) 29 111 All Computations by this Method (except of Fee-Simples or other Perpetuities) must needs be erroneous. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker III. 75 He settled a perpetuity of four-score pounds upon his parents, to be inherited by their other two sons after their decease. 1806 C. Hutton Course Math. (ed. 5) I. 266 An annuity may also be for a certain number of years; or it may be without any limit, and then it is called a Perpetuity. 1890 Dict. National Biogr. XXIII. 120/2 A perpetuity of 3,000l. a year out of the tin revenue to him and his heirs for ever. 1946 B. P. Beckwith Econ. Theory Socialist Econ. ii. vi. 126 An individualist community, balancing the attractiveness of perpetuities against that of life annuities. 1998 Jrnl. Finance 53 2260 Simple valuation models are presented using principles of annuities and perpetuities. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1400
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