† penny-earthn.¹

Forms: early Middle English peniherþe, early Middle English penyherþe, 1800s penyearth (historical).

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: penny n., earth n.²

Etymology: < penny n. + earth n.²

Obsolete. rare.

A villainage service of ploughing, for which one penny was paid by the lord. In later use historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > [noun] > specific service

bedrip1226

needbedripc1284

sorren1289

penny-eartha1300

corvée1340

plough-boon1388

timber-lodec1400

carriage1423

sickle-boon1438

foreign servicea1475

average1489

castle-guard1576

boonage1610

reaping day1657

reap day1663

archery1691

boon-work1883

bene-rip-

a1300 in W. H. Hart Historia et Cartularium Monasterii Sancti Petri Gloucestriae (1867) III. 134 (MED) Faciet unam aruram quæ vocatur peniherþe, et valet tres denarios, quia recipiet de bursa domini quartum denarium.

a1300 in W. H. Hart Historia et Cartularium Monasterii Sancti Petri Gloucestriae (1867) III. 173 (MED) Et faciet unam aruram quæ vocatur penyherþe, et recipiet de bursa domini unum denarium, et valet illa arura ultra duos denarios.

1892 P. G. Vinogradoff Villainage in Eng. 282 When the ploughing-work is paid for, it may receive the name of penyearth.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† penny-earthn.²

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: penny n., earth n.¹

Etymology: < penny n. + earth n.¹, so called on account of the appearance of the flat, round oyster shells in the earth.

Chiefly English regional (south-east midlands). Obsolete.

Fuller's earth, esp. when containing flat, round oyster shells.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > phyllosilicate > [noun] > smectites > fuller's earth > varieties

smectis1706

penny-earth1712

smectite1811

1712 J. Morton Nat. Hist. Northants. 65 That here call'd Penny-Earth, a Stoney Earth with a great Number of Sea-shells in it. Some of those Shells being flat and roundish,..haue occasion'd it that Name of Penny-Earth.

1769 Descr. Eng. & Wales VII. 38 Penny-earth..makes floors as hard and lasting as plaster of Paris.

1813 T. Batchelor Gen. View Agric. Bedfordshire 8 Under the rock is penny-earth, used for malting-floors, barn-floors, &c.

1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 104 Penny-earth... This name, I am informed, is still retained at Kettering, and appropriated to that portion of the Fuller's earth beds which abounds with its characteristic shell.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	penny-earth
释义	† penny-earthn.¹ Forms: early Middle English peniherþe, early Middle English penyherþe, 1800s penyearth (historical). Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: penny n., earth n.² Etymology: < penny n. + earth n.² Obsolete. rare. A villainage service of ploughing, for which one penny was paid by the lord. In later use historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > [noun] > specific service bedrip1226 needbedripc1284 sorren1289 penny-eartha1300 corvée1340 plough-boon1388 timber-lodec1400 carriage1423 sickle-boon1438 foreign servicea1475 average1489 castle-guard1576 boonage1610 reaping day1657 reap day1663 archery1691 boon-work1883 bene-rip- a1300 in W. H. Hart Historia et Cartularium Monasterii Sancti Petri Gloucestriae (1867) III. 134 (MED) Faciet unam aruram quæ vocatur peniherþe, et valet tres denarios, quia recipiet de bursa domini quartum denarium. a1300 in W. H. Hart Historia et Cartularium Monasterii Sancti Petri Gloucestriae (1867) III. 173 (MED) Et faciet unam aruram quæ vocatur penyherþe, et recipiet de bursa domini unum denarium, et valet illa arura ultra duos denarios. 1892 P. G. Vinogradoff Villainage in Eng. 282 When the ploughing-work is paid for, it may receive the name of penyearth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † penny-earthn.² Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: penny n., earth n.¹ Etymology: < penny n. + earth n.¹, so called on account of the appearance of the flat, round oyster shells in the earth. Chiefly English regional (south-east midlands). Obsolete. Fuller's earth, esp. when containing flat, round oyster shells. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > phyllosilicate > [noun] > smectites > fuller's earth > varieties smectis1706 penny-earth1712 smectite1811 1712 J. Morton Nat. Hist. Northants. 65 That here call'd Penny-Earth, a Stoney Earth with a great Number of Sea-shells in it. Some of those Shells being flat and roundish,..haue occasion'd it that Name of Penny-Earth. 1769 Descr. Eng. & Wales VII. 38 Penny-earth..makes floors as hard and lasting as plaster of Paris. 1813 T. Batchelor Gen. View Agric. Bedfordshire 8 Under the rock is penny-earth, used for malting-floors, barn-floors, &c. 1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 104 Penny-earth... This name, I am informed, is still retained at Kettering, and appropriated to that portion of the Fuller's earth beds which abounds with its characteristic shell. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a1300n.²1712
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† penny-earthn.1

† penny-earthn.2

† penny-earthn.¹

† penny-earthn.²