| 释义 |
perceivev. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French perceivre. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman perceivre, parceivre, parceiver, parcever, etc., to perceive, to heed, to take notice of, (with de ) to catch sight of, to notice (mid 12th cent.), to recover (money) (14th cent. or earlier; compare Old French perçoivre , Middle French, French percevoir (1170 in sense ‘to become aware of, to understand’, 1282 in sense ‘to receive (dues)’)) < classical Latin percipere to take possession of, seize, get, obtain, receive, gather, collect, to apprehend with the mind or senses, to understand, perceive < per- per- prefix + capere to take, seize, lay hold of (see capture n.). Compare Old Occitan percebre (c1250), Catalan percebre (c1390), Spanish percibir (1180 as percebir), all in sense ‘to become aware of’, Italian percepire to become aware of (a1342), to receive (a1683).In some instances perceive could perhaps alternatively be interpreted as an aphetic form of apperceive v. In form perceipue (see quot. c1450 at sense 1a) with p after Latin percipere ; compare the form deceipue deceive v. in the same manuscript of the same text. In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle are attested (see y- prefix). I. To take in or apprehend with the mind or senses. 1. the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > discernment, discrimination > discern [verb (transitive)] > distinguish, separate c1330 (?c1300) (Auch.) (1937) 703 (MED) Bi her siȝt he parceiued þo Þat gret loue was bi-tvix hem to. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. xx. 66 He perceyuede by his pous he was in peril to deye. a1425 (?c1350) (1964) 2034 Sir Ywayn parsayved..Þat it was so nere þe nyght, Þat no ferrer ride he might. c1450 (c1405) (BL Add. 41666) (1936) 719 (MED) Thou has no cleere conceypt to knowe alle þaire werkes And þat I pryved by a poynt þou perceipues neuer. a1500 (?a1425) tr. (Lamb.) 54 (MED) A man may lightly knowe, and by tokenynges perseyue whether wyt or no wyt be yn a kynge lordand. 1574 J. Baret P 234 Plainly perceiued or knowen manifest: euident. Perspectus. 1584 A. Barlowe in R. Hakluyt (1589) iii. 731 Shee perceiuing our iealousie, was much grieued, and sent diuers men, and thirtie women, to sitte all night on the bankes side by vs. 1613 S. Purchas 223 I perceive by your incredulous smiles, you will scarce beleeve. 1653 A. Collins sig. A4v Helping to discover what was meant Where they perceive there is a good intent. 1681 P. Rycaut tr. B. Gracián y Morales 143 He..perceived himself led another way. a1736 15 I perceive I shall soon have a very different opinion of that master than I have hitherto entertain'd. 1792 C. Smith III. ix. 110 Since he has been gone, she has perceived the dejection of my spirits. 1802 W. Paley v. 78 If we perceive an useful end, and means adapted to that end, we perceive enough for our conclusion. 1862 H. Spencer i. iii. §20 If..the object perceived is self, what is the subject that perceives? 1915 A. Hall iii. 43 Schweitzer..perceives the difficulty, and endeavours to overcome it. 1952 M. Laski xvii. 238 She perceived that Miss Evadne was not antagonistic. 1991 Apr. 20/1 He perceived..the heartfelt love that had been passed from generation to generation. the world > action or operation > operation upon something > have effect on [verb (transitive)] > be affected by some action > specifically of inanimate things 1626 F. Bacon §818 The Vpper Regions of the Aire perceiue the collection of the matter of Tempest and Winds, before the Aire here below. the mind > mental capacity > belief > expressed belief, opinion > mental attitude, point of view > view in particular way [verb (transitive)] 1884 30 June 11/3 Mr. Whitworth..perceives as one of the good signs of the future the prospect that..the Republican candidate..would be rejected in favour of a Democratic candidate. 1949 A. Koestler 410 The more romantic a work of art, or a landscape, the quicker its repetitions are perceived as kitsch or ‘slush’. 1988 8 May (Colour Suppl.) 28/3 Cannes was now perceived to be a place where wild and daring things went on. 2000 R. T. Lakoff vi. 214 There is no need to perceive the verdict as a miscarriage of justice, or a metastatement, or any other dangerously divisive communication. 2. the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > [verb (transitive)] c1330 (?c1300) (Auch.) 2811 (MED) Þe dragoun..Ne dorste neȝe þe welle aboute Be fourti fote..Whan Beues parseuede þis, Wel glad a was. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 311 Odour is þe proprete of a þing þat is perceyued and y-feled by fumosite. c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) 1985 (MED) He haþ perceyued by his siȝth Þat he ne haþ aȝein hym miȝth. a1450 (1885) 431 (MED) By no poynte couthe I parceyue hym passe. c1500 (?a1475) (1896) 264 Next vnto hym..as I perceue mought, Sate..Diana. 1599 J. Davies 44 Euen the eares of such as haue no skill, Perceiue a discord. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) v. iii. 13 Are those my Tents where I perceiue the fire? View more context for this quotation a1691 R. Boyle (1692) 55 Nature..has furnished men with sensories capable of distinctly perceiving a far greater variety of objects, than they are able verbally to express. 1709 G. Berkeley §45. 50 Neither Distance, nor things placed at a Distance are themselves, or their Ideas, truly perceiv'd by Sight. 1756 C. Lucas i. 132 No remarkable smell could be perceived from it. 1812 H. Smith & J. Smith 75 [Beauty] Protrudes her gloveless hand, perceives the shower. a1867 C. J. Andersson (1875) 42 A large waggon-camp had been espied;..the white tent covering of the vehicles could be distinctly perceived. 1917 E. R. Burroughs xvi. 171 Only once did I perceive a human being, and that was at the intersection of our crossroad. 1980 F. Smyth i. 27 His ability to spot tiny clues which no one else could perceive with the naked eye became legendary. 2001 23 June 391/2 The happy partnership of these senses enables a fly to perceive complex suites of signals, including those that presage mating. the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > hear [verb (transitive)] > succeed in hearing a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1969) Baruch iii. 9 Here þou, irael, þe maundementis of lijf; with eris parceyue [L. percipe], þat þou wite prudence. c1384 (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds ii. 14 Be this thing knowun to ȝou, and with eeris perseyue my wordis. a1425 (a1396) R. Maidstone Paraphr. Seven Penitential Psalms (BL Add. 39574) 842 in M. Day (1921) 54 (MED) Lord, listne þou myn orisoun, Wiþ eeris my preyer þou perseyue. a1500 (a1460) (1897–1973) 59 Perceyf well what I shall say. a1554 J. Croke tr. (1844) cxliii. 27 Let thyne ears perceyue my sute..And yn thy iustice me condute. †3. c1330 (?c1300) (Auch.) l. 7261 Gij him perceyued..Þat..þurch wepen y-grounde..No slouȝ him man neuer mo. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 443 (MED) He [sc.Lucifer] parceued him he þis, þat he was ouer all oþer in blis. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry (1971) lv. 81 A seruaunt of her lord..perceyued hym of it, and told it to his lord. 1490 (1962) xxi. 71 I haue not perceyued me of this that ye telle me. the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > perceive, be aware of [verb (intransitive)] a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 1893 (MED) Noe sagh and was parseueid þat þis rauen had him deceueid. a1425 (Lansd.) (1902) 37 (MED) Sain petir was parcaiuid of þe tricherie. 1488 (c1478) Hary (Adv.) (1968–9) xii. l. 106 Or thai com ner that place Off thaim persawyt rycht weill was gud Wallace. the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > perceive [verb (transitive)] the world > action or operation > endeavour > searching or seeking > finding or discovery > find or discover [verb (transitive)] > detect c1330 (Auch.) (1933) 2560 (MED) Sone, wiȝ inne litel while Worht iparceiued oure gile. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng (Harl.) 12044 Ȝyf he [sc.the fiend] ys aboute to tempte þe..Ȝyf þou with-stonde..And parceyuest what he wld haue doun, Þan halt he hym shamly dysceyued. ?c1430 (c1383) J. Wyclif (1880) 10 Lest here ypocrisie be parceyued. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour (St. John's Cambr.) x. 38 The king..Persauit thair subtilite. a1500 (a1450) (Trin. Cambr.) 3193 Whanne the Sowdon perseivid his entent. 1546 J. Bale f. 6 Non other answere wolde I make hym, because I perceyued hym a papyst. 1651 T. Hobbes ii. xxvii. 154 They think their designes are too subtile to be perceived. 1691 in W. Fraser (1890) III. 224 I cannot well perceive the necessity of [etc.]. the mind > mental capacity > understanding > understand [verb (transitive)] a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 23 At Stonhenge..hit is nouȝt clereliche i-knowe noþer perceyued [?a1475 anon. tr. perceyvede] how and wherfore þey beeþ so arered. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 10785 Þe feind suld noght perceiue Þat a maiden suld consaiue. a1450 tr. Guy de Chauliac (Caius 336/725) (1970) 7 (MED) It is to parseyue þat, in alle siknes, art biddiþ propre cure. 1526 W. Bonde Pref. sig. aiiii It is requyred that he haue..suche langage, as he maye be parceyued of them to whom he preacheth. 1545 (STC 16034) Iniunct. sig. ***.ii That the youthe..vse the same vntyl they be of competent vnderstandyng and knowledge to perceyue it in Latin. ?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun (1891) I. xlv. 378 Gif ye his preiching could persave, My maister is a lerned knaif. the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > discernment, discrimination > discern, discriminate [verb (intransitive)] 1495 (de Worde) vi. v. 192 By voys and face we perceyue [MSS men knowiþ] bytwene chyldren and men of full aege. the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > recognition > recognize, acknowledge [verb (transitive)] 1549 T. Chaloner tr. Erasmus sig. Niiv Touchyng theyr ennemies not directly, but in parables, so closely I warrant you, as no man could not perceiue theim. 1553 T. Wilson iii. f. 114 Not onely could they not perceiue them by their faces, but also they coulde not discerne them by any other marke..in all their bodies. †II. To take into possession. 8. society > trade and finance > management of money > income, revenue, or profit > getting or making money > get or make money [verb (transitive)] > receive or take money a1382 (Bodl. 959) Tobit xiv. 15 Al þe eritage of þe hous of raguel he parceyuede [a1425 L.V. took; L. percepit]. 1446 in L. Morsbach (1923) 26 (MED) The seid Robert hath and perceywith one annuell rente iiii marces ȝeerly. 1472–3 VI. 4/2 Every of the seid men Archers to have and perceyve vi d. by the day oonly. 1504 Will of W. Copulldyke, Lincs. in B. Cusack (1998) 327 And all thise [bequests] to be persawyd and takyn of the Issewss & profettes of all my landes. 1512 in F. Collins (1902) I. 4 I will that my forsaid doghters have and persaive all the revenieuse. 1625 King Charles I Concession to Sir F. Crane 10 May in T. Rymer (1743) VIII. 43/1 To have, houlde, perceive, receive and take the said Annuitie or yeerely Pension of two thousand Pounds. 1680 R. Minshull Bond 4 June in (1824) I. 24 To have perceive receive & take the rents issues & proffitts thereof. the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] a1382 (Bodl. 959) Tobit xv. 15 For alle þe mawmetis of naciouns goddis þei eymeden, to þe whiche nowþer siȝte of eȝen is to seen, ne nese-therlis to parceyuen spirit, ne eris to heren, ne fyngres of hondis to gropen. 1482 75 Gretely merueylde why he yat was so honeste of leuyng..had not yette perceiuyd fully reste and ioye. a1500 (a1470) in C. Monro (1863) 160 (MED) We desire and hertely pray yow that..ye wil have the seid widowe in expedicion and deliverance of hir lettres patents..with such tendernesse and faver that she..may perceive good and brief exploit. a1554 J. Croke tr. (1844) cii. 19 Full spedely let me obteyne Thy socoure, and perceyue the same. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) i. i. 143 Pro. Why? could'st thou perceiue so much from her? Sp. Sir, I could perceiue nothing at all from her; No, not so much as a ducket for deliuering your letter. View more context for this quotation 1746 J. Norton 24 Aug. (1748) 16 Mrs. Smeed was as wet..but through the good Providence of God, she never perceived any harm by it. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  v.c1330 |
