perfoliateadj.

Brit.

/pəˈfəʊlɪət/, U.S.

/pərˈfoʊliˌeɪt/,

/pərˈfoʊliət/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin perfoliatus.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin perfoliatus (1670 or earlier: see note) < classical Latin per- per- prefix + folium leaf (see foil n.¹) + -ātus -ate suffix². Compare French perfolié (1755 in use in botany, 1798 in use in entomology (compare sense 3); compare earlier perfoliate, noun (1554 in Dodoens in a Dutch context)).Compare earlier use of post-classical Latin Perfoliata as the name of the plant thoroughwax ( Bupleurum rotundifolium) from the 16th cent.:1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. H.iij^v Perfoliata is an herbe... The Germans cal it Durchwassz. It maye be called in englishe Thorowwax, because the stalke waxeth thorowe the leaues.

1. Botany. Originally: (of a stem) appearing to pass through the leaf; (of a plant) having such stems. Later: (of a sessile leaf or bract) extended at the base to encircle the node, so that the stem apparently passes through it; (of a plant) having such leaves. Frequently in the names of plants.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [adjective] > united with stem in particular way

perfoliate1670

amplexicaul1760

stem-clasping1796

amplexicauline1879

1670 J. Ray Catalogus Plantarum Angliæ 251 Potamogeiton perfoliatus... Small or perfoliate Pondweed.

1687 J. Clayton Let. in Philos. Trans. 1739–40 (Royal Soc.) (1742) 41 150 This Plant has several woody Stalks,..as I remember, perfoliat.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Leaf Perfoliate leaf, that whose disk is pierced by the stalk.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xix. 267 Known by its yellow corols and perfoliate stalks.

1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. sig. O4^v After all, Folium perfoliatum appears to me to be an improper term. I should rather have said Caulis perfoliatus; a perfoliate stem.

1845 A. Wood Class-bk. Bot. 396 Uvularia..2. U. perfoliata..Perfoliate Bell-wort.

1859 W. S. Coleman Our Woodlands 131 The Perfoliate Honeysuckle.

1880 A. Gray Struct. Bot. 107 It is the stem which is literally perfoliate, i.e. which seemingly passes through the leaf; but it is customary, though etymologically absurd, to call this a perfoliate leaf!

1925 E. Mellor tr. G. Bonnier Brit. Flora 76 Bupleurum..Leaves oval, perfoliate..Throw-wax.

1987 C. Lloyd Year at Great Dixter 88 Lonicera caprifolium..is charming with its disc-like perfoliate bracts.

1993 Guardian 24 July (Weekend Suppl.) 55/1 Next spring, nature's perversity meant that a veritable crop of perfoliate alexanders were growing exquisitely among a carpet of equally self-seeded forget-me-nots.

†2. Conchology. Of the shell of a gastropod mollusc: having the margin of each whorl overhanging the next. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1815 E. J. Burrow Elements Conchol. 38 Perfoliata, perfoliate; having a horizontal suture girt with a deflex or overhanging margin, as if one shell were placed upon another.

3. Zoology. Of the antenna of an insect: having two or more joints of the club expanded into discs with the shaft passing through their centres. Now also (of the rhinophore of an opisthobranch mollusc): lamellate, with the club bearing one or more lamellae that emerge from a central rachis.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > [adjective] > of parts of > of or belonging to or of the nature of antennae > perfoliated (of antennae)

perfoliated1699

perfoliate1819

1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 166 Perfoliate club of antennæ.

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlvi. 323 Perfoliate Knob.

1906 J. B. Smith Explan. Terms Entomol. 99 Perfoliate, divided into leaf-like plates: applied to antennæ with disc-like expansions connected by a stalk passing nearly through their centres.

1959 E. F. Linssen Beetles Brit. Isles I. 20 (caption) Types of Antennae... Perfoliate club (having joints as if threaded together).

1991 Veliger 34 97 Flabellina riwo..and F. rubropurpurata..have perfoliate rhinophores and are closely allied to F. bicolor.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	perfoliate
释义	perfoliateadj. Brit. /pəˈfəʊlɪət/, U.S. /pərˈfoʊliˌeɪt/, /pərˈfoʊliət/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin perfoliatus. Etymology: < post-classical Latin perfoliatus (1670 or earlier: see note) < classical Latin per- per- prefix + folium leaf (see foil n.¹) + -ātus -ate suffix². Compare French perfolié (1755 in use in botany, 1798 in use in entomology (compare sense 3); compare earlier perfoliate, noun (1554 in Dodoens in a Dutch context)).Compare earlier use of post-classical Latin Perfoliata as the name of the plant thoroughwax ( Bupleurum rotundifolium) from the 16th cent.:1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. H.iij^v Perfoliata is an herbe... The Germans cal it Durchwassz. It maye be called in englishe Thorowwax, because the stalke waxeth thorowe the leaues. 1. Botany. Originally: (of a stem) appearing to pass through the leaf; (of a plant) having such stems. Later: (of a sessile leaf or bract) extended at the base to encircle the node, so that the stem apparently passes through it; (of a plant) having such leaves. Frequently in the names of plants. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > [adjective] > united with stem in particular way perfoliate1670 amplexicaul1760 stem-clasping1796 amplexicauline1879 1670 J. Ray Catalogus Plantarum Angliæ 251 Potamogeiton perfoliatus... Small or perfoliate Pondweed. 1687 J. Clayton Let. in Philos. Trans. 1739–40 (Royal Soc.) (1742) 41 150 This Plant has several woody Stalks,..as I remember, perfoliat. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Leaf Perfoliate leaf, that whose disk is pierced by the stalk. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xix. 267 Known by its yellow corols and perfoliate stalks. 1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. sig. O4^v After all, Folium perfoliatum appears to me to be an improper term. I should rather have said Caulis perfoliatus; a perfoliate stem. 1845 A. Wood Class-bk. Bot. 396 Uvularia..2. U. perfoliata..Perfoliate Bell-wort. 1859 W. S. Coleman Our Woodlands 131 The Perfoliate Honeysuckle. 1880 A. Gray Struct. Bot. 107 It is the stem which is literally perfoliate, i.e. which seemingly passes through the leaf; but it is customary, though etymologically absurd, to call this a perfoliate leaf! 1925 E. Mellor tr. G. Bonnier Brit. Flora 76 Bupleurum..Leaves oval, perfoliate..Throw-wax. 1987 C. Lloyd Year at Great Dixter 88 Lonicera caprifolium..is charming with its disc-like perfoliate bracts. 1993 Guardian 24 July (Weekend Suppl.) 55/1 Next spring, nature's perversity meant that a veritable crop of perfoliate alexanders were growing exquisitely among a carpet of equally self-seeded forget-me-nots. †2. Conchology. Of the shell of a gastropod mollusc: having the margin of each whorl overhanging the next. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1815 E. J. Burrow Elements Conchol. 38 Perfoliata, perfoliate; having a horizontal suture girt with a deflex or overhanging margin, as if one shell were placed upon another. 3. Zoology. Of the antenna of an insect: having two or more joints of the club expanded into discs with the shaft passing through their centres. Now also (of the rhinophore of an opisthobranch mollusc): lamellate, with the club bearing one or more lamellae that emerge from a central rachis. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > [adjective] > of parts of > of or belonging to or of the nature of antennae > perfoliated (of antennae) perfoliated1699 perfoliate1819 1819 G. Samouelle Entomologist's Compend. 166 Perfoliate club of antennæ. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlvi. 323 Perfoliate Knob. 1906 J. B. Smith Explan. Terms Entomol. 99 Perfoliate, divided into leaf-like plates: applied to antennæ with disc-like expansions connected by a stalk passing nearly through their centres. 1959 E. F. Linssen Beetles Brit. Isles I. 20 (caption) Types of Antennae... Perfoliate club (having joints as if threaded together). 1991 Veliger 34 97 Flabellina riwo..and F. rubropurpurata..have perfoliate rhinophores and are closely allied to F. bicolor. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.1670
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