phengiten.

Brit.

/ˈfɛndʒʌɪt/, U.S.

/ˈfɛnˌdʒaɪt/

Forms: 1600s–1800s phengites, 1700s fengite, 1700s fingites, 1800s– phengite.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin phengītēs.

Etymology: < classical Latin phengītēs (Pliny) < Hellenistic Greek ϕεγγίτης phengite, selenite, or crystallized gypsum < ancient Greek ϕέγγος light, lustre, moonlight (of uncertain origin) + -ίτης -ite suffix¹. In sense 2 after German Phengit (A. Breithaupt Vollständiges Handb. der Mineral. (1841) II. 398).

1. A transparent or translucent kind of stone known to the ancient world, probably crystallized gypsum or alabaster. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphates > [noun] > gypsum > selenite > having fabulous qualities

selenitesa1398

selenite1567

phengite1601

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxvi. xxii. 592 In which regard (for that it is so resplendent) it hath found a name to be called Phengites: of this stone the said Emperour [sc. Nero] caused the Temple of Fortune to be built called Seia.

1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 103 Fingites, is of a white Colour, hard as Marble, and transparent like Alabaster.

1776 R. Chandler Trav. Greece lxiii The gallery is illuminated with pieces of the transparent marble called Phengites, fixed in the wall in square compartments, and shedding a yellow light.

1839 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 2 434/2 Onyx, or Onychite..appears to have been a species of oriental alabaster, nearly resembling phengite.

1854 R. B. Marcy & G. B. McClellan Explor. Red River (U.S. War Dept.) (new ed.) App. D. 150 The selenite was regarded among the ancients as the most delicate variety of alabaster, and was employed by the wealthy, and in palaces, for windows, under the name of Phengites.

1950 D. M. Robathan Monuments Anc. Rome 41 The walls of the peristyle were covered with slabs of phengite marble, which when polished, shone like mirrors.

1997 J. C. Rolfe tr. Suetonius Domitian in Suetonius II. viii. 371 He lined the walls of the colonnades in which he used to walk with phengite stone, to be able to see in its brilliant surface the reflection of all that went on behind his back.

2. Mineralogy. A biaxial, typically silica-rich variety of muscovite; (also) spec. a dioctahedral, potassic, and often ferromagnesian mica having a dioctahedral crystal structure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > phyllosilicate > [noun] > mica > muscovite

Muscovy glass1573

talc1601

mirror-stone1668

Muscovy talc1677

potash mica1844

muscovite1850

phengite1854

1854 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 4) iii. ii. 221 Muscovite... Phengite, Kob[ell].

1924 Nature 9 Feb. 214/1 Muscovite and phengite can be represented as mixtures of the molecules K₂O. 3Al₂O₃. 6SiO₂. aq. and K₂O. (Fe,Mg)O. 2Al₂O₃. 6SiO₂. aq., the amount of water being somewhat variable.

1976 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 283 259 Matrix minerals do vary in MnO content, thus chlorite MnO > biotite MnO > phengite MnO > quartz or feldspar MnO.

1998 Canad. Mineralogist 36 909/1 (table) Phengite, potassic dioctahedral micas between, or close to, the joins muscovite–aluminoceladonite and muscovite–celadonite.

2000 Jrnl. Struct. Geol. 22 1331/1 Mica minerals (biotite or phengite) are fine grained and their content is generally lower in the ultramylonite than in the surrounding granitic protolith.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	phengite
释义	phengiten. Brit. /ˈfɛndʒʌɪt/, U.S. /ˈfɛnˌdʒaɪt/ Forms: 1600s–1800s phengites, 1700s fengite, 1700s fingites, 1800s– phengite. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin phengītēs. Etymology: < classical Latin phengītēs (Pliny) < Hellenistic Greek ϕεγγίτης phengite, selenite, or crystallized gypsum < ancient Greek ϕέγγος light, lustre, moonlight (of uncertain origin) + -ίτης -ite suffix¹. In sense 2 after German Phengit (A. Breithaupt Vollständiges Handb. der Mineral. (1841) II. 398). 1. A transparent or translucent kind of stone known to the ancient world, probably crystallized gypsum or alabaster. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphates > [noun] > gypsum > selenite > having fabulous qualities selenitesa1398 selenite1567 phengite1601 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxvi. xxii. 592 In which regard (for that it is so resplendent) it hath found a name to be called Phengites: of this stone the said Emperour [sc. Nero] caused the Temple of Fortune to be built called Seia. 1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 103 Fingites, is of a white Colour, hard as Marble, and transparent like Alabaster. 1776 R. Chandler Trav. Greece lxiii The gallery is illuminated with pieces of the transparent marble called Phengites, fixed in the wall in square compartments, and shedding a yellow light. 1839 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 2 434/2 Onyx, or Onychite..appears to have been a species of oriental alabaster, nearly resembling phengite. 1854 R. B. Marcy & G. B. McClellan Explor. Red River (U.S. War Dept.) (new ed.) App. D. 150 The selenite was regarded among the ancients as the most delicate variety of alabaster, and was employed by the wealthy, and in palaces, for windows, under the name of Phengites. 1950 D. M. Robathan Monuments Anc. Rome 41 The walls of the peristyle were covered with slabs of phengite marble, which when polished, shone like mirrors. 1997 J. C. Rolfe tr. Suetonius Domitian in Suetonius II. viii. 371 He lined the walls of the colonnades in which he used to walk with phengite stone, to be able to see in its brilliant surface the reflection of all that went on behind his back. 2. Mineralogy. A biaxial, typically silica-rich variety of muscovite; (also) spec. a dioctahedral, potassic, and often ferromagnesian mica having a dioctahedral crystal structure. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > phyllosilicate > [noun] > mica > muscovite Muscovy glass1573 talc1601 mirror-stone1668 Muscovy talc1677 potash mica1844 muscovite1850 phengite1854 1854 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 4) iii. ii. 221 Muscovite... Phengite, Kob[ell]. 1924 Nature 9 Feb. 214/1 Muscovite and phengite can be represented as mixtures of the molecules K₂O. 3Al₂O₃. 6SiO₂. aq. and K₂O. (Fe,Mg)O. 2Al₂O₃. 6SiO₂. aq., the amount of water being somewhat variable. 1976 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 283 259 Matrix minerals do vary in MnO content, thus chlorite MnO > biotite MnO > phengite MnO > quartz or feldspar MnO. 1998 Canad. Mineralogist 36 909/1 (table) Phengite, potassic dioctahedral micas between, or close to, the joins muscovite–aluminoceladonite and muscovite–celadonite. 2000 Jrnl. Struct. Geol. 22 1331/1 Mica minerals (biotite or phengite) are fine grained and their content is generally lower in the ultramylonite than in the surrounding granitic protolith. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1601
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