† barracen.

/ˈbarəs/

Forms: Middle English–1500s barres, barras, Middle English barrais, barreys, (1500s barrowis), Middle English–1800s barrace.

Etymology: < Old French barras, < barre bar n.¹

Obsolete exc. Historical.

1. A barrier or outwork in front of a fortress.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > [noun] > outwork

forewallOE

barrace1380

before-wallinga1382

vaumurec1475

faussebraie1490

forework1497

vauntmure1562

counterguard1591

forefence1609

forefight?1611

outworkc1615

crownwork1638

false braye1645

crowned work1677

1380 Sir Ferumb. 4679 Þanne come þe Sarzinz out And defendede þe barres al about.

1483 Cath. Angl. 23 A Barras, antemurale.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 96 Ysche thai wald And bargane at the barras [1489 Adv. barrais] hald.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) x. l. 136 Off hewyn temyr in haist he gert thaim tak..and a stark barres mak.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxxv. 124 Rounde aboute this place he dyd make diches and barreys for to defende himselfe.

2. The bar of a tribunal; = bar n.¹ 22. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > place where court is held > [noun] > bar of tribunal

barc1330

barracec1613

public bar1654

c1613 ( in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 142 This day was new barresses made in Westmynster hall, and thether was brought Therle of Warwek, and arrened.

3. A hindrance, obstruction, delay. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > [noun] > one who or that which hinders > a hindrance, impediment, or obstacle

hinderc1200

withsetting1340

obstaclec1385

traversea1393

mara1400

bayc1440

stoppagec1450

barrace1480

blocka1500

objecta1500

clog1526

stumbling-stone1526

bar1530

(to cast) a trump in (one's) way1548

stumbling-stock1548

hindrance1576

a log in one's way1579

crossbar1582

log1589

rub1589

threshold1600

scotch1601

dam1602

remora1604

obex1611

obstructiona1616

stumbling-blocka1616

fence1639

affront1642

retardance1645

stick1645

balk1660

obstruent1669

blockade1683

sprun1684

spoke1689

cross cause1696

uncomplaisance1707

barrier1712

obstruct1747

dike1770

abatis1808

underbrush1888

bunker1900

bump1909

sprag1914

hurdle1924

headwind1927

mudhole1933

monkey wrench1937

roadblock1945

1480 W. Caxton tr. Ovid Metamorphoses xiii. iv But I, whyche wel knowe this barras and whilis, toke w^t me armes for squyres.

4. The enclosure within which knightly encounters took place; the lists.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > jousting or tilting > [noun] > lists or barriers

listc1386

champany?a1400

rangec1440

jousting-place1480

tilt?1507

tilt-yard1528

barracec1540

barrier1581

careera1586

steccado1600

tilting-yard1606

tilting ground1850

tilting field1859

c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. xii. iv. f. 173^v/2 Quhen thir theuis war enterit in barras (quhare yay suld haue fouchtin)..thay wer all takin be armit men.

1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados xii. xiv. 10 Bot we debait, suld this barres within With wappinnis kene.

1562 A. Scott New Yere Gift to Quene With scheild and speir To fecht in barrowis.

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) We still speak of ‘a cock in a barrace,’ in allusion to a cock-pit.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth i, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 9 Will justify this cartel in knightly weapons, within the barrace.

5. Hence (perhaps confused with barrat n.): Hostility, contention, strife.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > [noun]

unthankc893

witherwardnessc897

witherOE

wrakea1023

ungrithlOE

feythhed1297

grill13..

ill1303

unfriendshipa1340

enmity?a1400

feuda1400

despitec1400

unkindnessc1400

ingratitude1477

barrace1488

disfriendship1493

hostility1531

dislovea1533

adversation1543

diskindness1596

disaffection1599

ill blood1624

disaffectedness1625

inimicalness1651

unfriendlinessa1684

animus1795

inimicality1797

virus1866

negativism1977

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ii. l. 238 Me think we suld in barrat [v.r. barrace] mak thaim bow.

1603 Philotus cxliii. sig. F Is this ane plesant godlie lyfe, To be in barrace, sturt and stryfe.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	barrace
释义	† barracen. /ˈbarəs/ Forms: Middle English–1500s barres, barras, Middle English barrais, barreys, (1500s barrowis), Middle English–1800s barrace. Etymology: < Old French barras, < barre bar n.¹ Obsolete exc. Historical. 1. A barrier or outwork in front of a fortress. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > [noun] > outwork forewallOE barrace1380 before-wallinga1382 vaumurec1475 faussebraie1490 forework1497 vauntmure1562 counterguard1591 forefence1609 forefight?1611 outworkc1615 crownwork1638 false braye1645 crowned work1677 1380 Sir Ferumb. 4679 Þanne come þe Sarzinz out And defendede þe barres al about. 1483 Cath. Angl. 23 A Barras, antemurale. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 96 Ysche thai wald And bargane at the barras [1489 Adv. barrais] hald. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) x. l. 136 Off hewyn temyr in haist he gert thaim tak..and a stark barres mak. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxxv. 124 Rounde aboute this place he dyd make diches and barreys for to defende himselfe. 2. The bar of a tribunal; = bar n.¹ 22. rare. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > place where court is held > [noun] > bar of tribunal barc1330 barracec1613 public bar1654 c1613 ( in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 142 This day was new barresses made in Westmynster hall, and thether was brought Therle of Warwek, and arrened. 3. A hindrance, obstruction, delay. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > [noun] > one who or that which hinders > a hindrance, impediment, or obstacle hinderc1200 withsetting1340 obstaclec1385 traversea1393 mara1400 bayc1440 stoppagec1450 barrace1480 blocka1500 objecta1500 clog1526 stumbling-stone1526 bar1530 (to cast) a trump in (one's) way1548 stumbling-stock1548 hindrance1576 a log in one's way1579 crossbar1582 log1589 rub1589 threshold1600 scotch1601 dam1602 remora1604 obex1611 obstructiona1616 stumbling-blocka1616 fence1639 affront1642 retardance1645 stick1645 balk1660 obstruent1669 blockade1683 sprun1684 spoke1689 cross cause1696 uncomplaisance1707 barrier1712 obstruct1747 dike1770 abatis1808 underbrush1888 bunker1900 bump1909 sprag1914 hurdle1924 headwind1927 mudhole1933 monkey wrench1937 roadblock1945 1480 W. Caxton tr. Ovid Metamorphoses xiii. iv But I, whyche wel knowe this barras and whilis, toke w^t me armes for squyres. 4. The enclosure within which knightly encounters took place; the lists. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > jousting or tilting > [noun] > lists or barriers listc1386 champany?a1400 rangec1440 jousting-place1480 tilt?1507 tilt-yard1528 barracec1540 barrier1581 careera1586 steccado1600 tilting-yard1606 tilting ground1850 tilting field1859 c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. xii. iv. f. 173^v/2 Quhen thir theuis war enterit in barras (quhare yay suld haue fouchtin)..thay wer all takin be armit men. 1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados xii. xiv. 10 Bot we debait, suld this barres within With wappinnis kene. 1562 A. Scott New Yere Gift to Quene With scheild and speir To fecht in barrowis. 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. (at cited word) We still speak of ‘a cock in a barrace,’ in allusion to a cock-pit. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth i, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 9 Will justify this cartel in knightly weapons, within the barrace. 5. Hence (perhaps confused with barrat n.): Hostility, contention, strife. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > hatred > hostility > [noun] unthankc893 witherwardnessc897 witherOE wrakea1023 ungrithlOE feythhed1297 grill13.. ill1303 unfriendshipa1340 enmity?a1400 feuda1400 despitec1400 unkindnessc1400 ingratitude1477 barrace1488 disfriendship1493 hostility1531 dislovea1533 adversation1543 diskindness1596 disaffection1599 ill blood1624 disaffectedness1625 inimicalness1651 unfriendlinessa1684 animus1795 inimicality1797 virus1866 negativism1977 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ii. l. 238 Me think we suld in barrat [v.r. barrace] mak thaim bow. 1603 Philotus cxliii. sig. F Is this ane plesant godlie lyfe, To be in barrace, sturt and stryfe. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1380
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