penaltyn.
/ˈpɛnlti/, U.S. /ˈpɛnlti/ I. Punishment, disadvantage, or liability.
1. Liability to be punished or penalized, esp. in the event of failure to comply with a command, law, condition, etc.; risk of suffering punishment or loss. Chiefly in under (also on, †in, †upon) (the) penalty of ——, frequently followed by the specified punishment. Cf. pain n.1 1b. †upon one's penalty: at one's peril (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > [phrase] > liability of incurring penalty
under (also on, in, upon) (the) penalty of ——1560
heads will roll1946
1455 Rolls of Parl. V. 303/1 If eny of youre Liege people..take and receyve youre Graunte or Grauntes of eny of the premisses..then he or they..renne in the penaltee of the Statutes of provisours.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xxiijv Commaunding al men to eschew his..company, vnder the lyke penaltie.
1600 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 176 Patrick Foord is also bounden for him as his surety, in the like penalty vnto her maiestie for his apperaunce.
1653 in C. H. Firth Clarke Papers (1899) III. 8 That [he] upon his penalty forbeare to sit or act there longer.
1678 in J. T. Wheeler Madras in Olden Time (1862) III. 427 That not a man shall stir out of the Fort until the Governor returns home; upon penalty of half a riall of eight for the Merchant and Officer.
1704 Boston News-let. 23 Oct. 2/2 Commanding all persons who in the hurry of the Fire had carried away any Goods..to bring said Goods to the house of Mr. Justice Clark,..on penalty of being prosecuted as Thieves.
a1781 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip III (1783) iv. 270 To quit the Spanish dominions, under the penalty of perpetual servitude.
1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table viii. 208 Many minds must change their key now and then, on penalty of getting out of tune or losing their voices.
1884 Law Times Rep. 51 230/2 That A.B. do back and cope a hundred rods of their wall..on penalty, by the rod, sixteen shillings.
1941 H. L. Mencken Diary 18 Sept. (1989) 161 The authorities require every person who has a pitch in a subway to occupy it at least three nights a week on penalty of losing it.
1990 Village Voice (N.Y.) 11 Sept. 19/2 Under penalty of retaliatory measures,..they would..be obliged to introduce laws protecting and enhancing patents.
2001 Financial Times 27 Jan. 17/2 The vast majority of ‘term’ life insurance policies allow you to stop premiums without penalty.
2.
a. A punishment imposed for breach of a law, rule, or contract; a loss or disadvantage of some kind, prescribed by law for an offence, or agreed upon by the parties concerned in the case of breach of contract; esp. the payment of a sum of money imposed in such a case, or the sum of money itself; a fine.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > loss > [noun] > loss as result of some action
penalty1459
society > authority > punishment > [noun] > penalty
finec1300
penalityc1429
penalty1459
law1470
amends1562
rendera1616
mulcta1625
poena1859
1459 Rolls of Parl. V. 367/2 Any suyte..to recovere the seid penaltees for eny occupation of their seid Office for the premisses.
c1487 J. Skelton tr. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica i. 39 They wyl not haue the trouthe knowen emonge many, for ther is a grete penalte vpon it leyde, who-soo bewraye theym & tellyth it oute in comyn.
1512 Act 4 Hen. VIII c. 6 §2 The one moitie of every of the said penalties to be to the Kyng.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxciijv A penaltie was set for suche as obeyed not the decree of Spier.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iv. i. 245 The intent and purpose of the law hath full relation to the penaltie, which heere appeareth due vpon the bond. View more context for this quotation
1664 H. More Apol. in Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 541 He would submit himself to any equitable Mulcts or Penalties.
1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 54 Circumstances of aggravated Guilt prevent, a Remission of the Penalties.
1789 Bath Jrnl. 27 July (advt.) The Act inflicts a penalty of Ten Pounds on persons letting out News-papers to read for hire.
1832 Sir G. C. Lewis in Philol. Museum 1 132 The defendant was then allowed to make a lower assessment of the fine or other penalty.
1899 Whitaker's Almanack 400/1 A conscientious objector to vaccination can..escape all penalties.
1951 ‘C. S. Forester’ Randall & River of Time (U.K. ed.) xvi. 233 You may be charged with a crime for which the penalty is death.
1991 Canberra Times 31 Jan. 3/1 A six-month penalty applies to a person who allows a caravan to be used as a brothel or who leases or sub-lets premises for this purpose.
b. figurative. A loss or hardship resulting directly from some course of action, or which is incidental to some position or state; the disadvantage suffered as the result of an action or situation.
ΚΠ
1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity xix. 72 With them Marriage cannot be omitted without very high penalties inflicted by that Nemesis interwoven with the law of Nature.
1740 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature III. ii. 112 When a man says he promises any thing, he..subjects himself to the penalty of never being trusted again in case of failure.
1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 135 You..in doing it have incurred the penalties you well deserve to suffer. View more context for this quotation
1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VI. lii. 273 It was the heavy price which he had to pay for his conquests: the penalty, perhaps we may add, of suspicions too lightly indulged.
1864 J. Bryce Holy Rom. Empire vii. 148 It is the penalty of greatness that its form should outlive its substance.
1972 Lebende Sprachen 17 134/2 Increases in strength or stiffness have always brought a weight penalty.
1997 R. Bennett Catastrophist (1999) 195 She had breached some unwritten rule of her small world, had..got above herself, and had paid the penalty.
3.
a. In various sports and games: a disadvantage imposed upon a competitor or team in accordance with the rules of a particular game; esp. a punishment for an infringement of the rules.
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society > leisure > sport > judging or umpiring > [noun] > penalty or punishment
penalty1850
1850 H. G. Bohn et al. Hand-bk. Games 226 Bast is a penalty incurred by not winning when you stand your game, or by renouncing.
1879 Encycl. Brit. X. 767/2 (Golf) In Medal playing a ball may, under a penalty of two strokes, be lifted out of a difficulty of any description.
1957 L. Patrick & D. L. Monahan Let's play Hockey 36 I think spearing is a deliberate attempt to injure an opponent, and for this reason I believe it should be a major, five-minute penalty.
1991 Sports Illustr. 19 Aug. 21/1 This violation required a two-stroke penalty.
b. Horse Racing. A disadvantage imposed on a horse which has been a winner in a previous contest in order to equalize the chances; a handicap; esp. the extra weight allocated to be carried in a race by a horse on the basis of its previous form.
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society > leisure > sport > judging or umpiring > [noun] > allowance or handicap
odds1591
handicap1849
penalty1885
1885 Daily Tel. 28 Sept. in Cassell's Encycl. Dict. (1886) V. ii. (at cited word) The conditions of the race include neither penalties nor allowances.
1892 Standard 25 July 2/5 I shall stand him to carry his 12lb. penalty successfully.
1898 A. E. T. Watson Turf 249 When any race is in dispute, both the horse that came in first and any horse claiming the race shall be liable to all the penalties attaching to the winner of that race till the matter be decided.
1951 E. Rickman Come Racing with Me ii. 12 The weights are varied in individual cases by ‘penalties’ (extra weight) for previous wins.
1977 Horse & Hound 14 Jan. 7/4 Early Spring..was making an 8 lb penalty look very ordinary indeed.
1990 Guardian 28 May 10/5 He won by three lengths and will be saddled again with a 6 lb penalty for the Wallis Handicap.
c. In various sports and games: (the award of) a free shot or kick; (spec. in Association Football) a free kick at goal from a spot 11 metres (12 yards) out, against which only the goalkeeper is allowed to defend; a penalty kick; (in plural also) a penalty shoot-out, esp. in on penalties.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > [noun] > free or penalty kick
free kick1862
penalty kick1889
penalty1897
1897 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport I. 434/2 Within the twelve yards line, a referee must enforce law 13, and has no power to mitigate the penalty.
1899 A. Budd Football (Rugby) 53 Free-kicks by way of penalties shall be awarded on claims by the opposite side.
1935 Times 18 June 5/5 Captain Ansell..scored with a 60 yards penalty given for a foul crook.
1970 Times 6 Aug. 10/5 (heading) Penalties decide. History was made last night when a major competition semi-final was decided on penalties for the first time.
1990 Independent on Sunday 18 Feb. 28/5 He began with a handsome penalty from 50 yards after Wales had been caught offside.
1993 Evening Standard (Nexis) 4 Feb. 68 In the first period of extra time..I was beginning to think it would go to penalties, but the quality of our players means there will always be chances to score.
d. Bridge. A number of points added to the opponents' score, or tricks awarded to the opponents, on the declarer failing to make a contract. Also: a number of points added to the declarer's score on successfully making a doubled contract.
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society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > scores or points
penalty1904
point1910
point count1914
match point1921
part score1932
swing1945
victory point1962
1904 Bridge & Progressive Bridge 13 The penalty for a revoke is the addition of three tricks to the score of the opposing side, or the deduction of three tricks from the Revoker's score at the option of the opposing side.
1908 R. F. Foster Auction Bridge 37 50 points penalty for each of the two tricks by which the bidder failed.
1976 Field 30 Dec. 1293/2 He again doubled, but, of course, this time for a penalty.
1991 Choice Jan. 98/3 You may enable your partner to double for penalties, if the opponent on the left chances to call without any indication of how the balance of points may be split.
4. Externally inflicted pain or suffering; hardship. Obsolete. rare.
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the mind > emotion > suffering > [noun]
sorec888
teeneOE
sorrowOE
workOE
wrakeOE
careOE
gramec1000
harmOE
howc1000
trayOE
woweOE
angec1175
derfnessc1175
sytec1175
unwinc1175
wosithc1200
ail?c1225
barrat?c1225
derf?c1225
grief?c1225
misease?c1225
misliking?c1225
ofthinkingc1225
passion?c1225
troublec1230
pinec1275
distress1297
grievancea1300
penancea1300
cumbermentc1300
languorc1300
cumbering1303
were1303
angera1325
strifea1325
sweama1325
woea1325
painc1330
tribulationc1330
illa1340
threst1340
constraintc1374
troublenessc1380
afflictiona1382
bruisinga1382
miseasetya1382
pressurec1384
exercisec1386
miscomfortc1390
mislikea1400
smarta1400
thronga1400
balec1400
painfulnessc1400
troublancec1400
smartness?c1425
painliness1435
perplexity?a1439
penalty?1462
calamity1490
penality1496
cumber?a1513
sussy1513
tribule1513
afflict?1529
vexation of spirit1535
troublesomeness1561
hoe1567
grievedness1571
tribulance1575
languishment1576
thrall1578
tine1590
languorment1593
aggrievedness1594
obturbation1623
afflictedness1646
erumny1657
pathos1684
shock1705
dree1791
vex1815
wrungnessa1875
dukkha1886
thinkache1892
sufferation1976
the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > [noun]
sorec825
acheeOE
wrakeOE
trayOE
woe?a1200
pinec1200
sorrowc1225
teenc1225
grievousness1303
dolec1320
balea1325
painc1330
warkingc1340
dolour?c1370
sufferance1422
offencea1425
angerc1440
sufferingc1450
penalty?1462
penality1496
grief1509
stress1533
sufferance1597
somatalgia1607
suffering1609
tort1632
miserya1825
?1462 in C. L. Kingsford Stonor Lett. & Papers (1919) I. 61 (MED) Mayster Mylle wold ye shuld have take an annuite of xl s. yerly of old Wykes and his wif..bot I supposet ye wold not so, for by cause of the penalte of the payment of the xl s. yerly.
a1513 H. Bradshaw Lyfe St. Werburge (1521) i. xxix. sig. k.iiv To dyssolve her wo, and great penalte.
1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. H2 It breaks and tears and puts to penalty This sory carcas.
5. An action liable to punishment; a penal offence. Obsolete. rare.
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society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > a crime
crimec1384
broke1481
facta1533
malefact1534
penalty1579
malefaction1604
malefacture1635
job1679
offence1683
criminality1750
operationa1902
1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin xvi. 964 The Pope should be bound to..forgiue him the penaltie of contrauenion.
1596 Raigne of Edward III sig. C3v It is a pennalty to breake your statutes. View more context for this quotation
6. A condition or obligation imposed. Obsolete. rare.
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society > morality > duty or obligation > [noun] > a duty or moral necessity > a charge, trust, or duty > imposed on one
tax1390
taska1400
enjoint1413
penalty1601
enjoinder1894
1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 109 He..deuided his dominion amongst them,..only with this penaltie [It. entrate], to finde alwaies in readines a certaine number of footemen and horsemen.
Compounds
(chiefly in Sport (cf. sense 3)). C1.
penalty bully n.
ΚΠ
1897 Earl of Suffolk et al. Encycl. Sport I. 516/2 A penalty bully is given for deliberately unfair play by the defending side in their own circle.
1974 Rules of Game 183/5 Extra time is allowed to take a penalty bully if half or full time is already completed.
2002 Guardian (Nexis) 7 Oct. 14 Bucks retorted with a rally in which they forced two corners, hit a post and won a penalty bully.
penalty corner n.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > hockey > [noun] > penalty hits
corner1897
penalty corner1907
short corner1967
1907 Hockey 22 Nov. 22/1 Before the end Simmonds scored from a penalty corner.
1967 J. Potter Foul Play xiii. 152 The defence conceded one goal, after the opposition had been awarded a much deserved penalty corner.
1992 Pioneer on Sunday (Delhi) 13 Sept. 12/5 India took the lead..from a penalty corner.
penalty flick n.
ΚΠ
1967 J. Potter Foul Play ii. 25 One of the umpires..: the one, in fact, who had awarded a short corner instead of a penalty flick.
1992 Alton (Surrey) Herald 27 Mar. (BNC) 18 The second half was keenly fought, but neither side managed to score, although Trojans missed a penalty flick.
penalty goal n.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > characteristics of team ball games > [noun] > scoring
goala1640
haila1646
penalty goal1890
own goal1922
tip-in1958
1890 Daily News 3 Nov. 4/7 Blackheath beat the London Scottish by a placed goal to a penalty goal.
1951 Sport 27 Apr. 4/1 The Oakwell Reds would have welcomed the compensation of a penalty-goal in their 6–0 setback at Maine Road.
1993 Rugby World & Post May 68/3 They defeated Durham Univ. in the other semi-final 20–13, fly-half Chris John..scoring every point with a try, four penalty goals and a drop-goal.
penalty handicap n.
ΚΠ
1895 Pall Mall Gaz. 15 Oct. 9/1 It is..impossible that they could have done anything with their penalty handicaps against such a return as this.
1995 Daily Mail (Nexis) 25 Nov. 77 It's hard enough for the stragglers without a penalty handicap.
penalty stroke n.
ΚΠ
1895 W. T. Linskill Golf (ed. 3) 45 A penalty stroke shall not be counted the stroke of a player, and shall not affect the rotation of play.
1977 Sunday Times 9 Jan. 30/6 England..gave away two silly goals, and were then denied an obvious penalty stroke.
2003 Washington Post (Nexis) 30 Oct. T12 That the game went to penalty strokes was no surprise. The teams tied 2-2 in their only regular-season meeting.
penalty trick n.
ΚΠ
1909 Westm. Gaz. 20 Mar. 14/2 Penalty trick scores incurred during the play of a rubber are not irretrievably gone.
1998 Mirror (Nexis) 11 May 4 It was a repeat of the penalty trick [Dwight] Yorke first put on public display during an FA Cup success at Sheffield United three years ago.
C2.
penalty area n. Association Football, Hockey, Lacrosse, etc. the area in front of a goal within which an offence by the defending team can incur the award of a penalty kick or shot to the attacking team.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > characteristics of team ball games > [noun] > parts of playing area
outfield1851
goal line1862
centreline1863
goalside1865
territory1867
goalmouth1871
box1881
half1888
goal area1902
penalty area1905
orchard1913
penalty box1914
area1925
D1927
keyhole1936
penalty spot1937
six-yard box1954
1905 P. Walker How to play Assoc. Football 12 Lines shall be marked 18 yards from each goal-post at right angles to the goal-lines for a distance of 18 yards, and these shall be connected with each other by a line parallel to the goal-lines; the space within these lines shall be the penalty area.
1990 Independent on Sunday 28 Jan. 26/4 The Rangers sweeper, Parker, free—not in his own half, but deep in the Arsenal penalty area.
penalty bench n. chiefly Lacrosse and Ice Hockey seating for players temporarily withdrawn from a game as a penalty and for match officials.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > ice hockey > [noun] > penalty box or bench
box1881
penalty bench1908
penalty box1914
sin-bin1950
1908 Manitoba Morning Free Press 29 July 7/1 The Shamrocks lost twice as much time at the penalty bench as the visitors.
1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Penalty bench.
1974 Rules of Game 188/1 Penalty bench with space for eight players and extra seating for timekeepers, scorer, and announcer.
2003 Spectator (Hamilton, Ont.) (Nexis) 20 Oct. a6 A new concrete base was inserted under the ice surface and improvements to the player benches and penalty bench were also made.
penalty box n. (a) chiefly Lacrosse and Ice Hockey, an area set aside for players temporarily withdrawn from a game as a penalty and for match officials; (b) Association Football, Hockey, etc. = penalty area n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > ice hockey > [noun] > penalty box or bench
box1881
penalty bench1908
penalty box1914
sin-bin1950
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > characteristics of team ball games > [noun] > parts of playing area
outfield1851
goal line1862
centreline1863
goalside1865
territory1867
goalmouth1871
box1881
half1888
goal area1902
penalty area1905
orchard1913
penalty box1914
area1925
D1927
keyhole1936
penalty spot1937
six-yard box1954
1914 Toronto Daily Star 7 Feb. 21/1 Meekling was still in the penalty box when the half opened.
1954 F. C. Avis Soccer Ref. Dict. 90 Penalty Box: see Penalty Area.
1976 E. Dunphy Only a Game? ii. 39 Both goals were breakaways, starting from their own penalty box.
1983 Sports Laws (Diagram Group) 217 Penalty boxes, with at least two seats for each team, should be placed on either side of the timer's table.
2001 Sun 27 Jan. 74/2 He's a great goalscorer, which he showed when he was at Bristol Rovers,..where you were always aware of him around the penalty box.
penalty card n. Bridge a card exposed illegally which must be left face up until it can be legally played or picked up.
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society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > types of card
card of re-entry1870
master card1872
singleton1876
entry1884
control1892
stopper1900
raiser1912
long card1913
loser1917
X1920
minor1927
top1929
side entry1937
penalty card1958
master1962
1958 Listener 25 Dec. 1094/2 The card would have been a penalty card as well.
1991 Bridge Player's Dict. 79 A card that is wrongly played or exposed may become a penalty card.
penalty-carrier n. Golf a player who has a number of strokes added to his or her total as a handicap.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > golf > [noun] > player > types of
outgoera1382
putter1842
driver1847
approacher1887
brassy player1894
long-handicapper1899
penalty-carrier1908
socketer1912
pinsplitter1916
chipper1923
four-baller1927
hacker1934
shotmaker1974
low-ball hitter1979
1908 Westm. Gaz. 12 June 9/3 Mr. Hunter is the only surviving ‘penalty-carrier’. His handicap is plus 2, while Mr. Scrutton has an allowance of fourteen strokes.
2000 Racing Post (Nexis) 24 Sept. 8 A competitive field full of in-form performers, with five penalty-carriers who are well-in compared to their future ratings.
penalty clause n. a clause in a contract stipulating a penalty for failure to fulfil certain of its obligations.
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society > law > legal obligation > contract > [noun] > written contract or text of > specific clauses in contract
penalty clause1893
waiver clause1894
exclusion clause1937
exclusion1977
1893 Cent. Mag. May 150/2 A more serious defect in the law was revealed when its penalty clauses were examined.
1935 P. G. Wodehouse Luck of Bodkins xv. 170 The first thing she would do, if she was a sensible kid, would be to go to her lawyer and have a contract drawn up and signed, with penalty clauses.
1993 Holiday Which? Jan. 38/2 Tour operators try to stamp on hoteliers who double-book, by drafting penalty clauses in their contracts.
penalty day n. a day before which contractual obligations, etc., must be met in order to avoid a penalty.
ΚΠ
1897 Daily News 31 May 2/6 All their resources will be taxed to the utmost to get their orders completed before ‘penalty-day’.
1986 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 25 Sept. 3 Both sides said the only hold-up to an agreement now is the issue of penalty days.
penalty double n. Bridge a double made with the intention of increasing the penalty points scored by a partnership if they defeat their opponents' contract.
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society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > actions or tactics > call > bidding > bid > double > types of
informatory double1913
informative1914
take-out double1926
Lightner1933
Sputnik double1958
penalty double1959
1959 Listener 30 July 190/1 The theory of the responsive double is that the hand on which one would want to make a penalty double..is of much lower frequency than the hand..when one might prefer to give a picture of general values.
1991 Choice Jan. 98/3 The main disadvantage..to an opening weak no-trump bid is that it allows your opponent, very occasionally, to get in a very useful penalty double, which..could prove to be an expensive business.
penalty envelope n. U.S. a post-paid envelope bearing a warning that its use for an unauthorized purpose will incur a penalty.
ΚΠ
1879 Postal Laws U.S. §147 Requisitions for postage-stamps, stamped-envelopes,..and official penalty-envelopes are required to be made upon printed forms.
1930 E. Colby in Our Army Feb. 42/2 Penalty envelope, official War Department envelopes..[for] government business without payment of postage, [so] called..because in the corner where the stamp should be affixed there is printed the warning: Penalty for private use to avoid payment of postage, $300.
1992 Washington Post (Electronic ed.) 26 June n62 [The Postal Service] continues to push federal agencies into abandoning the ‘penalty envelopes’ that many have used for decades in favor of official mail stamps and postage meters.
penalty kick n. a free kick given to one team as a penalty for a breach of a rule by a member of another team; (spec. in Association Football) a free kick at goal from the penalty spot.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > [noun] > free or penalty kick
free kick1862
penalty kick1889
penalty1897
1889 Daily News 28 Nov. 6/6 Each side had a penalty kick.
1960 E. S. Higham & W. J. Higham High Speed Rugby 180 There may come a stage in a game when taking a penalty kick at goal is waste of time.
1990 Sports Illustr. 18 June 42/1 Bulek rocketed the ball into the..goal on the resulting penalty kick.
penalty-killer n. Ice Hockey any player working to prevent the opposing side from scoring while his or her own side's strength is reduced through penalties.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > ice hockey > [noun] > player > type of player
defenceman1877
stick-handler1889
goaler1896
rover1896
netminder1942
policeman1959
penalty-killer1960
enforcer1963
1960 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 12 Feb. 8/5 Coach..thought he would see only occasional duty as a penalty-killer or in spots on regular attacking units.
1990 R. Olver Making Champions iii. vii. 234 Katelnikoff, body screaming in protest, skates on with the penalty-killers.
penalty killing n. Ice Hockey the action of working to prevent the opposing side from scoring while the strength of one's own side is reduced through penalties.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > ice hockey > [noun] > actions
goaltending1891
stick-handling1891
assist1925
body-checking1936
screenshot1940
slap shot1942
poke-check1945
spearing1957
deke1960
penalty killing1960
body check1962
poke-checking1963
takeaway1967
saucer pass1986
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > ice hockey > [adjective] > characteristics of team or player
short-handed1939
puck-shy1957
penalty killing1960
off-ice1968
1960 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 16 Mar. 10/6 [He] will likely shuffle his other five forwards looking for the best combination but always having two fresh men for penalty-killing assignments.
1963 Hockey Illustr. Dec. 38/2 If I took him off penalty killing and put him on the power play he'd score 40 goals a year.
1993 Hockey News (Toronto) 5 Feb. 35/3 He keeps our defense strong, runs over our power play and controls our penalty killing.
penalty line n. Sport a line marking a penalty area on a pitch; a line from which a penalty is taken.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > [noun] > ground > parts of
touchline1863
penalty line1929
half-way1960
in play1997
1929 Evening News 18 Nov. 13/3 The penalty lines and the touch lines were not visible.
1996 Medina (Ohio) Gaz. (Electronic ed.) 28 Oct. The Indians, after an illegal pass by Medina, aligned for an indirect kick near the penalty line.
penalty pass n. Bridge a pass made by a player after a take-out double from the player's partner and a pass by their right-hand opponent.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > bridge > [noun] > actions or tactics > call > pass
pass1923
slow pass1931
penalty pass1959
1959 Listener 2 Apr. 613/3 He would not consider a penalty pass as his trick-taking capacity was far too slender.
2003 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 5 July 38 Although it worked well here, 4NT risks failing at the five-level when North might have a penalty pass of spades.
penalty rate n. a higher repayment rate on loans, etc., when certain conditions apply; (Australian) an increased rate of pay for overtime, working on a Sunday, etc.
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1924 Jrnl. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 19 418 Federal reserve discount rates, in order to be effective, must be penalty rates.
1948 Industr. Information Bull. (Austral.) Feb. 89 The Commissioner made orders increasing the penalty rate applicable to work performed on a holiday.
1986 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 23 Sept. 23/5 Penalty rates added to labor costs have had a significant impact on the running and profitability of Queensland's two casinos.
2003 Africa News (Nexis) 14 Nov. The Act makes further provision for a penalty rate of four times the land rate if the property remains undeveloped for a period of five years.
penalty run n. Cricket an extra run awarded to a team for an infringement of the rules by the other side; (now) esp. (in plural) runs awarded in this way for unfair play or unacceptable conduct by opposition players.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > batting > [noun] > running > type of run
short notch1774
short run1831
short run1833
penalty run1892
1892 Times of India 30 May 6/1 Each team was made up of six gentlemen and five ladies, the gentlemen being required to field, bat and bowl with the left hand, penalty runs being given in case the right hand was used.
1920 Aberdeen Daily Jrnl. 24 June 7/7 St Ronald held that an umpire had given a ‘no ball’ decision for an infringement by a wicket-keeper, the penalty run having been included in the Woodside score.
1980 Wisden Cricketers' Almanack (ed. 117) 1194 The Fieldsman may stop the ball with any part of his person, but if he wilfully stops it otherwise, 5 runs shall be added to the..runs already scored; if no run has been scored 5 penalty runs shall be awarded.
2016 Advocate (Burnie, Tasmania) (Nexis) 23 Feb. 36 It is believed Ulverstone's protest centres around the penalty run decision and how it was administered by match umpires.
penalty shoot-out n. Sport (esp. Association Football) a way of deciding a drawn match in which each team takes a specified number of penalty kicks or shots, the winner being the team who scores the most.
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1981 United Press Internat. Newswire (Nexis) 18 June Jubilant soccer fans..rampaged through the streets celebrating Roma's penalty shootout victory over Torino in the Italian Cup final.
2000 Daily News (Taranaki, N.Z.) (Electronic ed.) 15 July Taranaki lost..at the under-15 boys' hockey national tournament.., but only after a penalty shootout.
penalty shot n. Sport (in various team sports) a free shot at goal awarded as a penalty.
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1921 Vancouver Sun 13 Dec. 8/1 There was little chance to save his second effort on a penalty shot.
1969 Official Rule Bk. National Hockey League 1969–70 34 Any infraction of the rules which calls for a ‘Penalty Shot’ shall be taken as follows [etc.].
2003 Bath Chron. (Nexis) 26 May 38 Barkely, who had given Bath a fleeting lead with a 52-metre penalty shot.
penalty spot n. the spot on a pitch from which penalty shots or kicks are taken.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > characteristics of team ball games > [noun] > parts of playing area
outfield1851
goal line1862
centreline1863
goalside1865
territory1867
goalmouth1871
box1881
half1888
goal area1902
penalty area1905
orchard1913
penalty box1914
area1925
D1927
keyhole1936
penalty spot1937
six-yard box1954
1937 F. N. S. Creek Assoc. Football vi. 166 Penalty Spot.
1948 B. Steel How to play Football xvii. 144 As he strode back to take up position for the kick, the wind blew the ball from the penalty spot.
1974 Rules of Game 183/3 It [sc. a penalty stroke in hockey] is taken from the penalty spot by an attacker.
2002 Mirror 18 Mar. (‘Mania’ section) 12/1 [A] ridiculous handball allowed Alan Lee to level from the penalty spot.
penalty try n. Rugby a try awarded to a side by the referee when a touchdown is prevented by an offence by the opposition.
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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > rugby football > [noun] > scoring
touch1845
run-in1846
rouge1856
touchdown1856
touch-in-goal1869
try1870
minor1883
minor point1884
pot1888
major point1896
penalty try1922
conversion1927
pushover1940
1922 Quick March 11 Sept. 20 A penalty try..was awarded for obstruction to Stanley who was racing..for the ball, which had been kicked over the Black's line.
1997 Times 5 Mar. 45/7 The visiting forwards twisted and crabbed and finally conceded a penalty try by collapsing on their own line.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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