perditionn.

Brit.

/pəˈdɪʃn/, U.S.

/pərˈdɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: Middle English perdicyum (transmission error), Middle English perdisciown, Middle English perdycioun, Middle English–1500s perdicion, Middle English–1500s perdicioun, Middle English–1500s perdycion, 1500s pardicion, 1500s pardysyon, 1500s perdiction, 1500s perdicton, 1500s perditioun, 1500s– perdition; also Scottish pre-1700 perdicioun, pre-1700 perdicioune, pre-1700 perditione.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French perdiciun; Latin perdition-, perditio.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman perdiciun, perdicioun, perdission, Anglo-Norman and Middle French perdicion loss, ruin, (in religion) damnation (c1100 in Old French as perdiciun ; French perdition ) and its etymon post-classical Latin perdition-, perditio, ruin, loss, moral corruption, hell (Vetus Latina, Vulgate) < classical Latin perdit- , past participial stem of perdere to make away with, destroy, lose ( < per- per- prefix + dare to give, put: see datum n.) + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan perdicio (a1150; Occitan perdicion), Catalan perdició (c1200), Spanish perdición (first half of the 13th cent.), Italian perdizione ruin (a1294–6), damnation (1305).

a. The fact or condition of being destroyed or ruined; utter destruction, complete ruin.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > [noun] > state of being destroyed or ruined

lossc897

losingc950

lore971

destructionc1330

forlesing1340

lostc1374

undoing1377

perditiona1382

shendc1400

decay1535

rack1599

undoneness1835

wanthrift1929

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Deut. xxxii. 35 Nyȝ is þe day of perdycioun [L. dies perditionis; Coverdale, the tyme of their destruccion is at honde].

?c1400 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Sidney Sussex) ii. 51 Beside is þe day of perdicion [v.r. perdicyum].

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 1474 (MED) Out of þe feld..Of þe Grekys, seyng þe meschef Þat þei wern In, and confusion, Vp-on þe brinke of her perdicioun [v.rr. confusioun, distuccioun.].

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1932) III. l. 24513 They fyhten ful hard aȝens vij skore hethene boþe stowt & wrothe, and down to the Erthe j-beten ben bothe; therto jn weye of perdisciown they been.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xxvij^v What losse & perdicion of many noble Capitaynes and stronge souldiours must..ensue at the assaute.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) ii. ii. 3 Certaine tidings..importing the meere perdition of the Turkish Fleete.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) ii. 58 A Man may be cheaply vitious, to the perdition of himself.

1742 H. Fielding Joseph Andrews II. iv. xi. 260 The enraged Beau, who threatened such Perdition and Destruction, that it frighted the Women.

1775 B. Franklin London 742 Did you ever know a retreat perform'd with more vigour? For we did it in two hours, which sav'd us from perdition.

1829 W. Irving in Life & Lett. (1864) II. 371 I trust in a few days to finish the narrative of the invasion and perdition of Spain.

1884 E. A. Abbott Flatland i. x. 41 Domestic bliss would share the fate of the Constitution and pass to speedy perdition.

1903 H. James Ambassadors viii. xviii. 243 He wants me to quit; and he must have written to Woollett that I'm in peril of perdition.

2003 Times Union (Albany, N.Y.) (Nexis) 9 May b1 The Legislature's spending plan dooms the state to fiscal perdition.

†b. Chiefly rhetorical. Loss; diminution; degradation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > [noun]

waningc900

littlingOE

lessingc1350

abating1370

diminutionc1374

minishinga1382

decrease1383

remissiona1398

shrinkinga1398

decreasing1398

adminishing?c1400

abbreviation?a1425

lessening?a1425

minoration?a1425

disincrease1430

abatement1433

restrictiona1450

batea1475

diminuation1477

limitation1483

abate1486

minute1495

minishment1533

mitigation1533

diminishinga1535

extenuation1542

slacking1542

reduce1549

diminishment1551

perditionc1555

debatementa1563

rebatement1573

obstriction1578

imminution1583

contracting1585

contraction1589

rabate1589

rebating1598

retrenchmentc1600

decession1606

ravalling1609

reducement1619

decrement1621

bating1629

shrivellinga1631

decretion1635

dejection1652

abater1653

rolling back1658

limiting1677

batement1679

reduction1695

depression1793

downdraw1813

descent1832

decess1854

lowering1868

shrinkage1873

dégringolade1883

minification1894

degrowth1920

downrating1950

c1555 H. Watson tr. Valentine & Orson (1937) 34 Then was the gracious lady sorowfull & not without a cause, for the perdiction of her chylde.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 107 + 7 Sir, his definement suffers no perdition in you.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iii. vi. 99 The perdition of th'athuersarie hath beene very great, reasonnable great.

†c. A thing which causes destruction; the ruin of something. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > [noun] > one who or that which destroys > cause of

lossc1386

undoing1390

ruinc1480

destruction1529

stumbling-block1535

fall1593

perdition1649

1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar ii. 93 Free revellings, carnivals and balls, which are the perdition of precious hours.

1718 N. Rowe tr. Lucan Pharsalia x. 94 Thou lewd perdition of the Latian name!

a. Theology. The state of final spiritual ruin or damnation; the consignment of the unredeemed or wicked and impenitent soul to hell; the fate of those in hell; eternal death.In quot. a1382 personified as the Devil.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > [noun]

tinsela1300

damnationc1340

perditiona1382

damningc1400

damnement1480

reprobationa1513

accursedness1549

condemnation1557

preterition1628

non-election1629

Tartarization1823

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) Job 28. 22 Whennes þanne wisdam shal comen..perdicioun & deþ [?a1425 L.V. Gloss. that is, the deuel and helle] seiden, ‘with oure eris wee han herd þe fame of it.’

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Tim. vi. 9 Thei that wolen be maad riche fallen into temptacioun and into gnare of the deuel.., the whiche drenchen men into the deeth and perdicioun [L. in interitum et perditionem].

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Philipp. i. 28 Which is to hem cause of perdicioun [c1384 E.V. of perdicioun, or of damnacioun; L. perditionis].

c1475 tr. C. de Pisan Livre du Corps de Policie (Cambr.) (1977) 47 (MED) By euyll doctrine they may be brought into the weye of perdicion.

a1500 Treat. Ghostly Battle in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 430 We be made wery in the wey off wykednes and of perdycion.

1535 D. Lindsay Satyre 1132 I dreid, without ȝe get ane remissioun,..The spirtuall stait sall put ȝow to perditioun.

1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. vi. §3. 85 [They] daylie trauaile towards their eternall perdition.

1673 J. Milton On Death Fair Infant x, in Poems (new ed.) 20 To turn Swift-rushing black perdition hence.

1684 R. Baxter Catholick Communion 35 Dementation goeth before Perdition.

1782 W. Cowper Hope in Poems 160 If appetite, or what divines call lust,..Be punish'd with perdition, who is pure?

1869 R. Browning Ring & Bk. IV. xi. 189 Would you send A soul straight to perdition, dying frank An atheist?

1902 J. Conrad Heart of Darkness ii, in Youth 119 It's really easier to face bereavement, dishonour, and the perdition of one's soul—than this kind of prolonged hunger.

1993 Weekend Austral. 26–7 June 22/5 He is..under the impression that not only are all the homosexuals in our society lost souls, but that they are headed for perdition.

b. The place of destruction or damnation; hell.Originally in Wyclif's rendering, after the Vulgate, of Hebrew abaddōn; ‘destruction’ is the more usual English rendering, the New English Bible having ‘the place of Destruction’ in Psalm 88 (87 in the Vulgate).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > hell > [noun]

helleOE

hellOE

perditiona1382

perishingc1384

welling woea1400

hellwardc1400

Topheta1425

gehenne1481

to devilwardc1550

limbo1581

Averna1592

Hades1597

Sheol1599

other place1604

underworld1608

infernals1613

gehenna1623

lower world1639

netherworld1640

pandemonium1667

subterrenea1711

diablerie1776

inferno1834

ballyhooly1837

nether region1839

Sam Hill1839

Ballyhack1843

tunket1871

bogydom1880

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) : Prov. (Bodl. 959) xxvii. 20 Helle & perdicioun neuer ben fulfild.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Matt. vii. 13 The ȝate that ledith to perdicioun [c1384 E.V. to perdicioun, or dampnacioun; L. ad perditionem] is large.

1586 W. Fuller Bk. to Queene in A. Peel Seconde Parte Reg. (1915) II. 64 Neuer agree or joine with Antichrist or anie of thantichristian helhounds..for they..must..goe to eternall perdition.

1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron I. i Vulgar judgement will censure otherwise of him, and thinke him to be rather in perdition then in..Paradice.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 47 Flaming from th' Ethereal Skie With hideous ruine and combustion down To bottomless perdition .

1764 H. Walpole Castle of Otranto i. 20 I will follow thee to the gulph of perdition.

1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick xxxvi. 180 I'll chase him..round perdition's flames before I give him up.

1898 Argosy May 316 He struck hard and fast at the horrible limb which was forcing him down to perdition.

1986 S. Penman Here be Dragons (1991) (U.K. ed.) i. xli. 559 Henry and his sons were burning in Hell. John, too, would feel the flames of perdition.

1996 T. Clancy Executive Orders ix. 124 A criminal of such magnitude as to deserve a newly designed room in Perdition.

c. son of perdition n. an irredeemably wicked person or being; spec. the Antichrist. Frequently as a term of abuse. Similarly †child of perdition.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [noun] > wicked person

warlockOE

shrewc1250

quedea1275

wick1297

felon1340

son of perditionc1384

nicec1400

pucka1450

sorrowc1450

improbe1484

wicked1484

naughtyc1580

stigmatic1597

thornback1599

stigmatist1607

naughta1639

dungeona1728

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) 2 Thess. ii. 3 No but departyng awey, or dissencioun, schal come first, and the man of synne schal be schewid, the sone of perdicioun [L. filius perditionis], that is, aduersarie.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) John xvii. 12 Noon of hem perischide but the sone of perdicioun [c1384 E.V. sone of perdicioun, or dampnacioun; L. filius perditionis].

?a1425 (a1415) Lanterne of Liȝt (Harl.) (1917) 3 Art not þou þanne a wickid man, a foultid schepard.., þe sone of perdicioun, & anticrist him silf?

1553 T. Becon Iewell of Ioye Pref., in Catechism Thomas Becon (1844) 415 Wo worth thee, thou antichrist, thou son of perdition, thou deceiver of the people.

1563 2nd Tome Homelyes sig. Bbbb.ii Chyldren of perdition, and inheritours of hell fyre.

1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iii. i. sig. F3^v The Children of perdition are, oft times, Made instruments euen of the greatest workes.

1678 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress x Judas..was lost, cast away, and the very son of perdition .

1696 T. Scott Mock-Marriage v. i. 55 That Son of Perdition, who having won to his embraces the Daughter of my Bosom.., now..leaveth her like an unholy thing.

1731 J. Fox Door of Heaven ii. 17 Judas was an Apostle and Preacher, but the Son of Perdition.

1793 H. Boyd Poems 626 Son of perdition! know thy abject birth.

1827 W. Scott Chron. Canongate iii Christie regarded me as..a..predestinated child of perdition.

1867 A. Cary Bishop's Son i. 12 You infernal blue-bellied son of perdition.

1873 E. H. Bickersteth Yesterday, To-day, & for Ever 292 Weening to' erect..The throne of wickedness, and set thereon The proud son of perdition.

1922 C. E. Russell Outlook for Philippines ii. 23 The head-hunting, marauding son of perdition that has no religion at all.

2001 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 11 Feb. a14 My dad now believes Moon is the Son of Perdition—the Antichrist.

d. Used in imprecations and expressions of irritation or impatience. Cf. damnation n. 3, hell n. and int. Phrases 3. Now archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > malediction > oaths > [interjection] > oaths other than religious or obscene > imprecations

woeOE

dahetc1290

confoundc1330

foul (also shame) fall ——c1330

sorrow on——c1330

in the wanianda1352

wildfirea1375

evil theedomc1386

a pestilence on (also upon)c1390

woe betide you (also him, her, etc.)c1390

maldathaita1400

murrainc1400

out ona1415

in the wild waning worldc1485

vengeance?a1500

in a wanion1549

with a wanion1549

woe worth1553

a plague on——a1566

with a wanion to?c1570

with a wanyand1570

bot1584

maugre1590

poxa1592

death1593

rot1594

rot on1595

cancro1597

pax1604

pize on (also upon)1605

vild1605

peascod1606

cargo1607

confusion1608

perditiona1616

(a) pest upon1632

deuce1651

stap my vitals1697

strike me blind, dumb, lucky (if, but—)1697

stop my vitals1699

split me (or my windpipe)1700

rabbit1701

consume1756

capot me!1760

nick me!1760

weary set1788

rats1816

bad cess to1859

curse1885

hanged1887

buggeration1964

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. iii. 91 Excellent wretch, perdition catch my soule, But I doe loue thee.

a1625 J. Fletcher Bonduca iii. v, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Hhhh2/2 Perdition take me for ever, if in my fell anger, I doe not out-doe all example.

1773 M. Warren Adulateur 29 Condemn'd!—to die! perdition seize them all.

1791 A. Yearsley Earl Goodwin 50 Perdition seize thee, lazy trifler!

1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 106 Perdition to unfaithful wives!

1894 R. Bridges Feast of Bacchus ii. 566 Perdition take me now!

1938 E. Goudge Towers in Mist (1998) xiv. 307 Perdition take those two little boys!

1992 B. Unsworth Sacred Hunger xxviii. 276 ‘They say they not coming up, sir.’ ‘Why in perdition not?’

Compounds

† perdition money n. Obsolete rare a duty or fine levied on a member of a church congregation.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > fine > [noun] > on member of a society or servant

perdition money1683

sconce1683

1683 J. Barnard Theologo-historicus lvi. 173 The exacting of Sconses or perdition mony, which he [as Treasurer of Westminster] divided among them that best deserved it.

Derivatives

perˈditionable adj. rare deserving of perdition.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [adjective] > reprobate > specifically of life or conduct

ungracious1415

perditionable1827

1827 R. Pollok Course of Time I. iii. 115 Wild, blasphemous, perditionable thoughts, That Satan in them moved.

2002 Scotl. on Sunday (Nexis) 22 Sept. 22 The word perdition has also given rise to the adjective ‘perditionable’, deserving perdition.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	perdition
释义	perditionn. Brit. /pəˈdɪʃn/, U.S. /pərˈdɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: Middle English perdicyum (transmission error), Middle English perdisciown, Middle English perdycioun, Middle English–1500s perdicion, Middle English–1500s perdicioun, Middle English–1500s perdycion, 1500s pardicion, 1500s pardysyon, 1500s perdiction, 1500s perdicton, 1500s perditioun, 1500s– perdition; also Scottish pre-1700 perdicioun, pre-1700 perdicioune, pre-1700 perditione. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French perdiciun; Latin perdition-, perditio. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman perdiciun, perdicioun, perdission, Anglo-Norman and Middle French perdicion loss, ruin, (in religion) damnation (c1100 in Old French as perdiciun ; French perdition ) and its etymon post-classical Latin perdition-, perditio, ruin, loss, moral corruption, hell (Vetus Latina, Vulgate) < classical Latin perdit- , past participial stem of perdere to make away with, destroy, lose ( < per- per- prefix + dare to give, put: see datum n.) + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan perdicio (a1150; Occitan perdicion), Catalan perdició (c1200), Spanish perdición (first half of the 13th cent.), Italian perdizione ruin (a1294–6), damnation (1305). 1. a. The fact or condition of being destroyed or ruined; utter destruction, complete ruin. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > [noun] > state of being destroyed or ruined lossc897 losingc950 lore971 destructionc1330 forlesing1340 lostc1374 undoing1377 perditiona1382 shendc1400 decay1535 rack1599 undoneness1835 wanthrift1929 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Deut. xxxii. 35 Nyȝ is þe day of perdycioun [L. dies perditionis; Coverdale, the tyme of their destruccion is at honde]. ?c1400 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Sidney Sussex) ii. 51 Beside is þe day of perdicion [v.r. perdicyum]. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 1474 (MED) Out of þe feld..Of þe Grekys, seyng þe meschef Þat þei wern In, and confusion, Vp-on þe brinke of her perdicioun [v.rr. confusioun, distuccioun.]. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Merlin (1932) III. l. 24513 They fyhten ful hard aȝens vij skore hethene boþe stowt & wrothe, and down to the Erthe j-beten ben bothe; therto jn weye of perdisciown they been. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xxvij^v What losse & perdicion of many noble Capitaynes and stronge souldiours must..ensue at the assaute. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) ii. ii. 3 Certaine tidings..importing the meere perdition of the Turkish Fleete. View more context for this quotation a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) ii. 58 A Man may be cheaply vitious, to the perdition of himself. 1742 H. Fielding Joseph Andrews II. iv. xi. 260 The enraged Beau, who threatened such Perdition and Destruction, that it frighted the Women. View more context for this quotation 1775 B. Franklin London 742 Did you ever know a retreat perform'd with more vigour? For we did it in two hours, which sav'd us from perdition. 1829 W. Irving in Life & Lett. (1864) II. 371 I trust in a few days to finish the narrative of the invasion and perdition of Spain. 1884 E. A. Abbott Flatland i. x. 41 Domestic bliss would share the fate of the Constitution and pass to speedy perdition. 1903 H. James Ambassadors viii. xviii. 243 He wants me to quit; and he must have written to Woollett that I'm in peril of perdition. 2003 Times Union (Albany, N.Y.) (Nexis) 9 May b1 The Legislature's spending plan dooms the state to fiscal perdition. †b. Chiefly rhetorical. Loss; diminution; degradation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] waningc900 littlingOE lessingc1350 abating1370 diminutionc1374 minishinga1382 decrease1383 remissiona1398 shrinkinga1398 decreasing1398 adminishing?c1400 abbreviation?a1425 lessening?a1425 minoration?a1425 disincrease1430 abatement1433 restrictiona1450 batea1475 diminuation1477 limitation1483 abate1486 minute1495 minishment1533 mitigation1533 diminishinga1535 extenuation1542 slacking1542 reduce1549 diminishment1551 perditionc1555 debatementa1563 rebatement1573 obstriction1578 imminution1583 contracting1585 contraction1589 rabate1589 rebating1598 retrenchmentc1600 decession1606 ravalling1609 reducement1619 decrement1621 bating1629 shrivellinga1631 decretion1635 dejection1652 abater1653 rolling back1658 limiting1677 batement1679 reduction1695 depression1793 downdraw1813 descent1832 decess1854 lowering1868 shrinkage1873 dégringolade1883 minification1894 degrowth1920 downrating1950 c1555 H. Watson tr. Valentine & Orson (1937) 34 Then was the gracious lady sorowfull & not without a cause, for the perdiction of her chylde. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. ii. 107 + 7 Sir, his definement suffers no perdition in you. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iii. vi. 99 The perdition of th'athuersarie hath beene very great, reasonnable great. View more context for this quotation †c. A thing which causes destruction; the ruin of something. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > [noun] > one who or that which destroys > cause of lossc1386 undoing1390 ruinc1480 destruction1529 stumbling-block1535 fall1593 perdition1649 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar ii. 93 Free revellings, carnivals and balls, which are the perdition of precious hours. 1718 N. Rowe tr. Lucan Pharsalia x. 94 Thou lewd perdition of the Latian name! 2. a. Theology. The state of final spiritual ruin or damnation; the consignment of the unredeemed or wicked and impenitent soul to hell; the fate of those in hell; eternal death.In quot. a1382 personified as the Devil. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > reprobation > [noun] tinsela1300 damnationc1340 perditiona1382 damningc1400 damnement1480 reprobationa1513 accursedness1549 condemnation1557 preterition1628 non-election1629 Tartarization1823 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) Job 28. 22 Whennes þanne wisdam shal comen..perdicioun & deþ [?a1425 L.V. Gloss. that is, the deuel and helle] seiden, ‘with oure eris wee han herd þe fame of it.’ c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Tim. vi. 9 Thei that wolen be maad riche fallen into temptacioun and into gnare of the deuel.., the whiche drenchen men into the deeth and perdicioun [L. in interitum et perditionem]. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Philipp. i. 28 Which is to hem cause of perdicioun [c1384 E.V. of perdicioun, or of damnacioun; L. perditionis]. c1475 tr. C. de Pisan Livre du Corps de Policie (Cambr.) (1977) 47 (MED) By euyll doctrine they may be brought into the weye of perdicion. a1500 Treat. Ghostly Battle in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 430 We be made wery in the wey off wykednes and of perdycion. 1535 D. Lindsay Satyre 1132 I dreid, without ȝe get ane remissioun,..The spirtuall stait sall put ȝow to perditioun. 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. vi. §3. 85 [They] daylie trauaile towards their eternall perdition. 1673 J. Milton On Death Fair Infant x, in Poems (new ed.) 20 To turn Swift-rushing black perdition hence. 1684 R. Baxter Catholick Communion 35 Dementation goeth before Perdition. 1782 W. Cowper Hope in Poems 160 If appetite, or what divines call lust,..Be punish'd with perdition, who is pure? 1869 R. Browning Ring & Bk. IV. xi. 189 Would you send A soul straight to perdition, dying frank An atheist? 1902 J. Conrad Heart of Darkness ii, in Youth 119 It's really easier to face bereavement, dishonour, and the perdition of one's soul—than this kind of prolonged hunger. 1993 Weekend Austral. 26–7 June 22/5 He is..under the impression that not only are all the homosexuals in our society lost souls, but that they are headed for perdition. b. The place of destruction or damnation; hell.Originally in Wyclif's rendering, after the Vulgate, of Hebrew abaddōn; ‘destruction’ is the more usual English rendering, the New English Bible having ‘the place of Destruction’ in Psalm 88 (87 in the Vulgate). ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > hell > [noun] helleOE hellOE perditiona1382 perishingc1384 welling woea1400 hellwardc1400 Topheta1425 gehenne1481 to devilwardc1550 limbo1581 Averna1592 Hades1597 Sheol1599 other place1604 underworld1608 infernals1613 gehenna1623 lower world1639 netherworld1640 pandemonium1667 subterrenea1711 diablerie1776 inferno1834 ballyhooly1837 nether region1839 Sam Hill1839 Ballyhack1843 tunket1871 bogydom1880 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) : Prov. (Bodl. 959) xxvii. 20 Helle & perdicioun neuer ben fulfild. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Matt. vii. 13 The ȝate that ledith to perdicioun [c1384 E.V. to perdicioun, or dampnacioun; L. ad perditionem] is large. 1586 W. Fuller Bk. to Queene in A. Peel Seconde Parte Reg. (1915) II. 64 Neuer agree or joine with Antichrist or anie of thantichristian helhounds..for they..must..goe to eternall perdition. 1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron I. i Vulgar judgement will censure otherwise of him, and thinke him to be rather in perdition then in..Paradice. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 47 Flaming from th' Ethereal Skie With hideous ruine and combustion down To bottomless perdition . View more context for this quotation 1764 H. Walpole Castle of Otranto i. 20 I will follow thee to the gulph of perdition. 1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick xxxvi. 180 I'll chase him..round perdition's flames before I give him up. 1898 Argosy May 316 He struck hard and fast at the horrible limb which was forcing him down to perdition. 1986 S. Penman Here be Dragons (1991) (U.K. ed.) i. xli. 559 Henry and his sons were burning in Hell. John, too, would feel the flames of perdition. 1996 T. Clancy Executive Orders ix. 124 A criminal of such magnitude as to deserve a newly designed room in Perdition. c. son of perdition n. an irredeemably wicked person or being; spec. the Antichrist. Frequently as a term of abuse. Similarly †child of perdition. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [noun] > wicked person warlockOE shrewc1250 quedea1275 wick1297 felon1340 son of perditionc1384 nicec1400 pucka1450 sorrowc1450 improbe1484 wicked1484 naughtyc1580 stigmatic1597 thornback1599 stigmatist1607 naughta1639 dungeona1728 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) 2 Thess. ii. 3 No but departyng awey, or dissencioun, schal come first, and the man of synne schal be schewid, the sone of perdicioun [L. filius perditionis], that is, aduersarie. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) John xvii. 12 Noon of hem perischide but the sone of perdicioun [c1384 E.V. sone of perdicioun, or dampnacioun; L. filius perditionis]. ?a1425 (a1415) Lanterne of Liȝt (Harl.) (1917) 3 Art not þou þanne a wickid man, a foultid schepard.., þe sone of perdicioun, & anticrist him silf? 1553 T. Becon Iewell of Ioye Pref., in Catechism Thomas Becon (1844) 415 Wo worth thee, thou antichrist, thou son of perdition, thou deceiver of the people. 1563 2nd Tome Homelyes sig. Bbbb.ii Chyldren of perdition, and inheritours of hell fyre. 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iii. i. sig. F3^v The Children of perdition are, oft times, Made instruments euen of the greatest workes. View more context for this quotation 1678 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress x Judas..was lost, cast away, and the very son of perdition . View more context for this quotation 1696 T. Scott Mock-Marriage v. i. 55 That Son of Perdition, who having won to his embraces the Daughter of my Bosom.., now..leaveth her like an unholy thing. 1731 J. Fox Door of Heaven ii. 17 Judas was an Apostle and Preacher, but the Son of Perdition. 1793 H. Boyd Poems 626 Son of perdition! know thy abject birth. 1827 W. Scott Chron. Canongate iii Christie regarded me as..a..predestinated child of perdition. 1867 A. Cary Bishop's Son i. 12 You infernal blue-bellied son of perdition. 1873 E. H. Bickersteth Yesterday, To-day, & for Ever 292 Weening to' erect..The throne of wickedness, and set thereon The proud son of perdition. 1922 C. E. Russell Outlook for Philippines ii. 23 The head-hunting, marauding son of perdition that has no religion at all. 2001 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 11 Feb. a14 My dad now believes Moon is the Son of Perdition—the Antichrist. d. Used in imprecations and expressions of irritation or impatience. Cf. damnation n. 3, hell n. and int. Phrases 3. Now archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > malediction > oaths > [interjection] > oaths other than religious or obscene > imprecations woeOE dahetc1290 confoundc1330 foul (also shame) fall ——c1330 sorrow on——c1330 in the wanianda1352 wildfirea1375 evil theedomc1386 a pestilence on (also upon)c1390 woe betide you (also him, her, etc.)c1390 maldathaita1400 murrainc1400 out ona1415 in the wild waning worldc1485 vengeance?a1500 in a wanion1549 with a wanion1549 woe worth1553 a plague on——a1566 with a wanion to?c1570 with a wanyand1570 bot1584 maugre1590 poxa1592 death1593 rot1594 rot on1595 cancro1597 pax1604 pize on (also upon)1605 vild1605 peascod1606 cargo1607 confusion1608 perditiona1616 (a) pest upon1632 deuce1651 stap my vitals1697 strike me blind, dumb, lucky (if, but—)1697 stop my vitals1699 split me (or my windpipe)1700 rabbit1701 consume1756 capot me!1760 nick me!1760 weary set1788 rats1816 bad cess to1859 curse1885 hanged1887 buggeration1964 a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. iii. 91 Excellent wretch, perdition catch my soule, But I doe loue thee. View more context for this quotation a1625 J. Fletcher Bonduca iii. v, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Hhhh2/2 Perdition take me for ever, if in my fell anger, I doe not out-doe all example. 1773 M. Warren Adulateur 29 Condemn'd!—to die! perdition seize them all. 1791 A. Yearsley Earl Goodwin 50 Perdition seize thee, lazy trifler! 1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 106 Perdition to unfaithful wives! 1894 R. Bridges Feast of Bacchus ii. 566 Perdition take me now! 1938 E. Goudge Towers in Mist (1998) xiv. 307 Perdition take those two little boys! 1992 B. Unsworth Sacred Hunger xxviii. 276 ‘They say they not coming up, sir.’ ‘Why in perdition not?’ Compounds † perdition money n. Obsolete rare a duty or fine levied on a member of a church congregation. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > fine > [noun] > on member of a society or servant perdition money1683 sconce1683 1683 J. Barnard Theologo-historicus lvi. 173 The exacting of Sconses or perdition mony, which he [as Treasurer of Westminster] divided among them that best deserved it. Derivatives perˈditionable adj. rare deserving of perdition. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [adjective] > reprobate > specifically of life or conduct ungracious1415 perditionable1827 1827 R. Pollok Course of Time I. iii. 115 Wild, blasphemous, perditionable thoughts, That Satan in them moved. 2002 Scotl. on Sunday (Nexis) 22 Sept. 22 The word perdition has also given rise to the adjective ‘perditionable’, deserving perdition. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1382
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