barnyardn.

Brit.

/ˈbɑːnjɑːd/, U.S.

/ˈbɑrnˌjɑrd/

Forms: see barn n. and yard n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: barn n., yard n.¹

Etymology: < barn n. + yard n.¹ Compare later farmyard n., which is now the more usual term in British and Irish English.

Chiefly North American in later use.

A yard or enclosure in front of, surrounding, or adjacent to a barn or other farm buildings; a farmyard.Now the more usual term in North American English, with farmyard more usual in British and Irish English, and other regions typically showing greater variation between the two.Found mainly in Scottish contexts from the 15th to the 18th century.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmstead > [noun] > farm-offices > farmyard

yardc1300

barnyard1354

closec1386

fold?a1505

barton1552

town-place1602

homestall1653

fold-stead1663

farmyard1686

fold-garth1788

fold-yard1800

farm court1807

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > barn > barnyard

barnyard1354

barn-lot1724

1354–5 Manorial Documents in Mod. Philol. (1936) 34 40 In j muro facto circa le berneyerd.

1473 in T. Thomson Acts Lords Auditors (1839) 28/1 The wrangwis occupacion of a berne..& a bernȝarde.

1565 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 392 To collect and gadder the teind schaves..and place the samyn within the berne yaird.

1655 Perfect Conveyancer (ed. 2) 450 One Kitchen, three lower Chambers or Rooms, two upper Chambers or Lofts in the East end of the said Mansion-house, one Hop-yard, one Barn-yard, [etc.].

1683 in C. W. Manwaring Digest Early Connecticut Probate Rec. (1904) I. 344 I give my Barn Yard equally to my sons.

1741 A. Blackwell New Method improving Cold, Wet, & Barren Lands 80 If Dung only be laid on stiff or wet arable Lands, it ought to be taken from a Barn-yard or a Stable-dunghill rough and not above half rotten when laid on the Land.

1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. vii. 92 A barn-yard belonging to a large farming establishment.

1913 E. Ferber Roast Beef Medium iii. 50 There is the chicken which you find in the barnyard.

2006 J. T. Costa Other Insect Societies xiv. 402 These specialized dung feeders are best known as determined rollers of well-crafted spheres of manure in the barnyards and pastures of the world.

Compounds

C1. General use as a modifier. Cf. farmyard n. and adj. Compounds.

ΚΠ

1788 G. Morgan Let. 31 July in Ann. Agric. (1789) 11 472 I find that unmixed barn yard manure spread on land in the spring, multiplies the fly to an astonishing degree.

1811 G. S. Keith Gen. View Agric. Aberdeenshire 507 Most of the landed proprietors, and many of the better sort of farmers rear geese and turkies; ducks, and barn-yard fowls, (especially the latter,) are kept by almost every cottager.

1861 Amer. Agriculturist Jan. 11/1 Lime..does not act like common barn-yard dung, as a manure for plants, but rather as a stimulant to the soil.

a1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) II. ii. 26 The hot moist air stood stagnant as a barnyard pool.

2009 New Yorker 28 Sept. 28/1 The usual barnyard chicken in the early nineteenth century had a red comb, glossy feathers, and dinosaurlike legs.

C2. Originally and chiefly U.S.

a. As a modifier. Of taste or smell: redolent or suggestive of farm animals, manure, etc.; ripe, pungent.

ΚΠ

1864 Amer. Monthly Knickerbocker Sept. 273/2 The floors was made of a greenish lookin' clay, an' when..the hired gal, went round sprinklin' 'em with a waterin' pot to cool the air, they gin out a queer barnyard smell, remindin' me affectin'ly of the old homestid.

1872 D. W. Beadle Canad. Fruit, Flower, & Kitchen Gardener 219 The straw used should be clean, not that which has been used as bedding for the farm stock. From such straw there might leach down upon the Celery a dirty water that would impart to it a decided barnyard flavor.

1998 Stars & Stripes 21 May (Stripes Mag.) 7/2 The pomace could thus be processed faster, while it was fresher, which muted the barnyard taste [of the grappa].

2018 New Yorker 10 Dec. 17/2 Stinky tofu (fermented until it takes on a barnyard funk).

b. As a modifier. Designating behaviour, (esp.) language, humour, etc., which is regarded as earthy, crude, dirty, uncouth, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [adjective] > coarse

agrest?1440

robust1511

roynish1570

sowish1570

lubberlike1572

lubberly1580

ordinarya1586

roborean1656

porcine1660

coarse1680

crude1722

low1725

piggish1742

coarse-graineda1774

crass1861

coarse-fibred1872

barnyard1895

farmyard1911

rough as guts1919

1895 Scranton (Pa.) Tribune 10 Aug. 7/1 There was very little barnyard language yesterday, thanks to the police.

1905 Colonist (Nelson, N.Z.) 14 June The present libertine code of barnyard morals.

1941 Montana Standard 13 Sept. 4/2 Our own public officials..have nothing to fall back on but barnyard epithets when the argument gets hot.

1967 R. K. Massie Nicholas & Alexandra xvi. 195 In polite conversation, Rasputin used coarse barnyard expressions.

2000 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 21 Dec. He denounced Dinkins as anti-cop and repeatedly shouted a barnyard epithet to the wild cheers of protesters.

C3.

barnyard grass n. originally and chiefly North American any of several grasses of the genus Echinochloa; spec. the cockspur grass E. crus-galli, which is native to tropical Asia and now widely naturalized and regarded as an invasive weed.Quot. 1818 shows an earlier use of barn grass in the same sense.

ΚΠ

1818 A. Eaton Man. Bot. (ed. 2) ii. 339 [Panicum] crus-galli (barn grass).]

1843 J. Torrey Flora State N.Y. II. 424 Barnyard Grass..[grows in] wet places, and about barnyards.

1992 S. C. H. Barrett in S. K. Jain & L. W. Botsford Appl. Population Biol. v. 104 Among the world's most noxious weeds of agriculture are members of the cosmopolitan genus Echinochloa (Barnyard Grass).

2021 Ont. Farmer (Nexis) 30 Mar. (Final ed.) (Business section) b10 Among the labeled weeds are resistant redroot pigweed and common waterhemp, as well as barnyard grass, crabgrass, green and yellow foxtail and wild oats.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022).

单词	barnyard
释义	barnyardn. Brit. /ˈbɑːnjɑːd/, U.S. /ˈbɑrnˌjɑrd/ Forms: see barn n. and yard n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: barn n., yard n.¹ Etymology: < barn n. + yard n.¹ Compare later farmyard n., which is now the more usual term in British and Irish English. Chiefly North American in later use. A yard or enclosure in front of, surrounding, or adjacent to a barn or other farm buildings; a farmyard.Now the more usual term in North American English, with farmyard more usual in British and Irish English, and other regions typically showing greater variation between the two.Found mainly in Scottish contexts from the 15th to the 18th century. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmstead > [noun] > farm-offices > farmyard yardc1300 barnyard1354 closec1386 fold?a1505 barton1552 town-place1602 homestall1653 fold-stead1663 farmyard1686 fold-garth1788 fold-yard1800 farm court1807 the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > barn > barnyard barnyard1354 barn-lot1724 1354–5 Manorial Documents in Mod. Philol. (1936) 34 40 In j muro facto circa le berneyerd. 1473 in T. Thomson Acts Lords Auditors (1839) 28/1 The wrangwis occupacion of a berne..& a bernȝarde. 1565 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 392 To collect and gadder the teind schaves..and place the samyn within the berne yaird. 1655 Perfect Conveyancer (ed. 2) 450 One Kitchen, three lower Chambers or Rooms, two upper Chambers or Lofts in the East end of the said Mansion-house, one Hop-yard, one Barn-yard, [etc.]. 1683 in C. W. Manwaring Digest Early Connecticut Probate Rec. (1904) I. 344 I give my Barn Yard equally to my sons. 1741 A. Blackwell New Method improving Cold, Wet, & Barren Lands 80 If Dung only be laid on stiff or wet arable Lands, it ought to be taken from a Barn-yard or a Stable-dunghill rough and not above half rotten when laid on the Land. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. vii. 92 A barn-yard belonging to a large farming establishment. 1913 E. Ferber Roast Beef Medium iii. 50 There is the chicken which you find in the barnyard. 2006 J. T. Costa Other Insect Societies xiv. 402 These specialized dung feeders are best known as determined rollers of well-crafted spheres of manure in the barnyards and pastures of the world. Compounds C1. General use as a modifier. Cf. farmyard n. and adj. Compounds. ΚΠ 1788 G. Morgan Let. 31 July in Ann. Agric. (1789) 11 472 I find that unmixed barn yard manure spread on land in the spring, multiplies the fly to an astonishing degree. 1811 G. S. Keith Gen. View Agric. Aberdeenshire 507 Most of the landed proprietors, and many of the better sort of farmers rear geese and turkies; ducks, and barn-yard fowls, (especially the latter,) are kept by almost every cottager. 1861 Amer. Agriculturist Jan. 11/1 Lime..does not act like common barn-yard dung, as a manure for plants, but rather as a stimulant to the soil. a1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) II. ii. 26 The hot moist air stood stagnant as a barnyard pool. 2009 New Yorker 28 Sept. 28/1 The usual barnyard chicken in the early nineteenth century had a red comb, glossy feathers, and dinosaurlike legs. C2. Originally and chiefly U.S. a. As a modifier. Of taste or smell: redolent or suggestive of farm animals, manure, etc.; ripe, pungent. ΚΠ 1864 Amer. Monthly Knickerbocker Sept. 273/2 The floors was made of a greenish lookin' clay, an' when..the hired gal, went round sprinklin' 'em with a waterin' pot to cool the air, they gin out a queer barnyard smell, remindin' me affectin'ly of the old homestid. 1872 D. W. Beadle Canad. Fruit, Flower, & Kitchen Gardener 219 The straw used should be clean, not that which has been used as bedding for the farm stock. From such straw there might leach down upon the Celery a dirty water that would impart to it a decided barnyard flavor. 1998 Stars & Stripes 21 May (Stripes Mag.) 7/2 The pomace could thus be processed faster, while it was fresher, which muted the barnyard taste [of the grappa]. 2018 New Yorker 10 Dec. 17/2 Stinky tofu (fermented until it takes on a barnyard funk). b. As a modifier. Designating behaviour, (esp.) language, humour, etc., which is regarded as earthy, crude, dirty, uncouth, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > bad taste > lack of refinement > [adjective] > coarse agrest?1440 robust1511 roynish1570 sowish1570 lubberlike1572 lubberly1580 ordinarya1586 roborean1656 porcine1660 coarse1680 crude1722 low1725 piggish1742 coarse-graineda1774 crass1861 coarse-fibred1872 barnyard1895 farmyard1911 rough as guts1919 1895 Scranton (Pa.) Tribune 10 Aug. 7/1 There was very little barnyard language yesterday, thanks to the police. 1905 Colonist (Nelson, N.Z.) 14 June The present libertine code of barnyard morals. 1941 Montana Standard 13 Sept. 4/2 Our own public officials..have nothing to fall back on but barnyard epithets when the argument gets hot. 1967 R. K. Massie Nicholas & Alexandra xvi. 195 In polite conversation, Rasputin used coarse barnyard expressions. 2000 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 21 Dec. He denounced Dinkins as anti-cop and repeatedly shouted a barnyard epithet to the wild cheers of protesters. C3. barnyard grass n. originally and chiefly North American any of several grasses of the genus Echinochloa; spec. the cockspur grass E. crus-galli, which is native to tropical Asia and now widely naturalized and regarded as an invasive weed.Quot. 1818 shows an earlier use of barn grass in the same sense. ΚΠ 1818 A. Eaton Man. Bot. (ed. 2) ii. 339 [Panicum] crus-galli (barn grass).] 1843 J. Torrey Flora State N.Y. II. 424 Barnyard Grass..[grows in] wet places, and about barnyards. 1992 S. C. H. Barrett in S. K. Jain & L. W. Botsford Appl. Population Biol. v. 104 Among the world's most noxious weeds of agriculture are members of the cosmopolitan genus Echinochloa (Barnyard Grass). 2021 Ont. Farmer (Nexis) 30 Mar. (Final ed.) (Business section) b10 Among the labeled weeds are resistant redroot pigweed and common waterhemp, as well as barnyard grass, crabgrass, green and yellow foxtail and wild oats. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022). < n.1354
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