paxn.¹int.

Brit.

/paks/, U.S.

/pæks/

Forms: Middle English pakes, Middle English paxse, Middle English–1600s paxe, Middle English– pax, 1500s pakke, 1500s pex; also Scottish pre-1700 pacx.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pāx.

Etymology: < classical Latin pāx peace (see peace n.). With sense 1 compare earlier paxbred n.Also found with Latin or Latinized adjectives, designating a state of peace achieved by particular means or maintained in a particular area, modelled on Pax Romana n. Earliest in Pax Britannica n., then frequently from the 20th cent.

1. Christian Church. A tablet of gold, silver, ivory, etc., with a projecting handle, depicting the crucifixion or other sacred subject, which is kissed by the celebrating priest and then by the other participants at a mass; an osculatory. Also figurative. Now chiefly historical.This custom is associated with the kiss of peace (see sense 2, and peace n. 10). In England it was discontinued after the Reformation; in the Roman Catholic Church it is still sometimes practised in certain monastic communities.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > [noun]

sibeOE

grithc1000

saughtc1100

grithfulness?c1225

peacec1230

peaceablenessa1382

paxc1390

sweetness and light1927

society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > osculatory > [noun]

paxbred1350

paxc1390

paxboard1405

osculary1537

osculatory1763

c1390 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 407 Yet is ther a pryuee spice of pride that..waiteth or desireth to..kisse pax [v.r. paxe] or ben encensed or goon to offrynge biforn his neighebore.

1435–6 in H. E. Salter Churchwardens' Accts. St. Michael's Oxf. (1933) 36 (MED) Item, for mendynge of the paxse & i clapse on to a boke, ii d.

c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Interp. & Virtues Mass 461 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 107 (MED) The pepyll of hygh and lowe degre Kysse the pax, a tokyn of vnyte.

1528 W. Tyndale Doctr. Treat. (Parker Soc.) 279 Yea to kiss the pax, they think it a meritorious deed.

1589 W. Warner Albions Eng. (new ed.) vi. xxxi. 136 Her lippes meane while my Pex: Ply Sir (quoth she) your busie trade, you are besides the Tex.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy Democritus to Rdr. 27 Had he beene present at a Masse, and seene those kissing of paxes, crucifixes, cringes, duckings.

1670 S. Wilson Lassels's Voy. Italy (new ed.) ii. 389 A rich Pax of Mother of Pearle.

1816 S. W. Singer Researches Hist. Playing Cards 93 (note) An impression from a Pax, engraved for the purpose of being filled with Niello.

1826 A. E. Bray De Foix II. i. 11 He was next presented with the Pax, which he also solemnly kissed.

1910 Catholic Encycl. VIII. 258/1 During the whole of the Middle Ages ivory was extensively used for paxes (instrumenta pacis), tabernacles, portable altars [etc.].

1979 Country Life 4 Jan. 41/3 (advt.) A fine Gothic ivory Pax carved with the Crucifixion..5 inches high. North French or Flemish. 15th century.

2. Christian Church. The kiss or sign of peace (see peace n. 2, 10); the point in a mass at which this takes place.In some cases this may refer to the ceremony of kissing the pax; see sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > parts of service > kiss of peace > [noun]

mass-cossa1200

pax1440

peace1518

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 388 Pax, of kyssynge [v.r. or kyssynge], osculum, vel osculum pacis.

a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 126 (MED) This day nys no pax ȝeuyn at mas, for Iudas betrayde Crist þys nyȝt wyth a cosse.

?1515 W. Harrington Commendations of Matrimony sig. Avi^v And that is to be vnderstonde of the sacramentalle blessynge whiche is afore the geuynge of the pax.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxvj The Cardinall song the masse, and after paxe, the kynge and the quene discended.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 802 They sate still vntill the Paxe was geuen.

1853 D. Rock Church of our Fathers IV. xii. 160 The Salisbury rubric was to send, just before the communion, the ‘Pax’ all about the church. This..was conveyed from one to another by a kiss upon the cheek.

1976 Church Times 8 Oct. 4/2 At the Pax the Italian matron standing next to me turned and warmly shook me by the hand.

3. Peace. Now rare.As a Latin word it is used in various phrases and compounds (see etymological note, and the earlier pax vobis int.).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > peace > [noun]

grithc1000

saughtc1100

peacec1300

quietc1400

pax1564

scabbard1802

warlessness1928

1564 in J. R. N. Macphail Papers Sir William Fraser (1924) 188 Frelie, quietlie, wele and in pacx.

a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 72 Ane man he wes of policie and pax.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xii. [Cyclops] 317 —Well! says J. J. We have Edward the peacemaker now.—Tell that to a fool, says the citizen. There's a bloody sight more pox than pax about that boyo.

1990 R. Harries Shalom & Pax 4 The problem with defining Pax simply as an absence of war or absence of violence, is that it ignores the many forms of implicit coercion.

4. slang (chiefly in British public schools). A friend; good friends. to be good pax: to be good friends.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > be friendly [verb (intransitive)] > be good friends

to be good pax1781

the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > [noun] > friend

friendOE

wineOE

fellowa1225

friendmana1250

lovera1275

amic1330

gossipc1390

mikea1400

ally1406

amykec1450

favourer1483

favourite1590

palc1770

butty1791

amigo1813

amico1820

compadre1834

pally1863

tillicum1869

nigger1884

buddy1895

paxc1900

mutual1901

righto1908

segotia1917

bud1924

palsy1930

palsy-walsy1932

buddy-buddy1943

winger1943

mucker1947

main man1956

goombah1968

gabba1970

money1982

1781 J. Bentham Mem. & Corr. in Wks. (1843) X. 100 If anything should happen to jumble us together, we may perhaps be good pax.

c1900 C. B. Mount MS Note (O.E.D. Archive) At Winchester (c1840) we used to talk of ‘making pax’ with some one, in sense of establishing a friendship: we even used ‘Pax’ in sense of ‘friend’:—‘a great pax of mine’.

5. A truce. Usually (esp. in School slang) as int., calling for a truce or (occasionally) for quiet.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > inaudibility > be silent [interjection]

silence?c1225

peacec1390

whista1425

softlya1500

softc1500

husht1532

ist1540

st1552

soft and peace1576

pocas palabras1592

isse1598

hist1599

whish1635

whisht1684

quiet1814

fusht1816

pax1843

sh1847

pst1863

ciunas1987

society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > [noun] > cessation from hostile proceedings

truce1377

recess1516

truce1560

armistice1736

pax1843

cool1958

1843 F. Bellew Mem. Griffin II. 143 I am the moderator of this assembly, and by vairtue of the pooers confided to me, I proclaim pax.

1856 C. M. Yonge Daisy Chain i. i. 4 ‘Pax! Pax!’ cried Norman, over all, with the voice of an authority.

1872 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. 615/1 There's been a sort of ‘pax’ called all round.

1927 W. E. Collinson Contemp. Eng. 14 The custom of putting oneself out of the game altogether by crossing the fingers and saying pax! or faynights! [feinaits] or both together.

1938 T. H. White Sword in Stone vii. 117 Sir Grummore favoured him with another whack and said, ‘If you don't say Pax, I shall cut your head off.’

1987 M. Gilbert Trouble vi. 76 ‘All right,’ said Anthony. ‘Pax. It was a stupid thing to say.’

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† paxn.²

Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pox n.

Etymology: Variant of pox n.

Obsolete.

= pox n. 3. Usually with on.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > malediction > oaths > [interjection] > oaths other than religious or obscene > imprecations

woeOE

dahetc1290

confoundc1330

foul (also shame) fall ——c1330

sorrow on——c1330

in the wanianda1352

wildfirea1375

evil theedomc1386

a pestilence on (also upon)c1390

woe betide you (also him, her, etc.)c1390

maldathaita1400

murrainc1400

out ona1415

in the wild waning worldc1485

vengeance?a1500

in a wanion1549

with a wanion1549

woe worth1553

a plague on——a1566

with a wanion to?c1570

with a wanyand1570

bot1584

maugre1590

poxa1592

death1593

rot1594

rot on1595

cancro1597

pax1604

pize on (also upon)1605

vild1605

peascod1606

cargo1607

confusion1608

perditiona1616

(a) pest upon1632

deuce1651

stap my vitals1697

strike me blind, dumb, lucky (if, but—)1697

stop my vitals1699

split me (or my windpipe)1700

rabbit1701

consume1756

capot me!1760

nick me!1760

weary set1788

rats1816

bad cess to1859

curse1885

hanged1887

buggeration1964

1604 T. Dekker & T. Middleton Honest Whore i. i. sig. C^v Can. Patience, good wife. Wife. Pax, a your patience.

1608 J. Day Law-trickes iv. sig. F2^v Still in the bogs of Melancholly, pax on't, tis staler then Tobacco.

1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew iv. i. sig. L1 Pax o' your fine Thing.

1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse iv. 76 A Pax of these Bumkinly People.

1716 J. Addison Drummer iii. 26 Pax on him, what do I give him the hearing for!

1745 E. Haywood Female Spectator I. ii. 105 A Third says, Pax on the Spanish War, and those that forced our late Minister into it.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2020).

单词	pax
释义	paxn.¹int. Brit. /paks/, U.S. /pæks/ Forms: Middle English pakes, Middle English paxse, Middle English–1600s paxe, Middle English– pax, 1500s pakke, 1500s pex; also Scottish pre-1700 pacx. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pāx. Etymology: < classical Latin pāx peace (see peace n.). With sense 1 compare earlier paxbred n.Also found with Latin or Latinized adjectives, designating a state of peace achieved by particular means or maintained in a particular area, modelled on Pax Romana n. Earliest in Pax Britannica n., then frequently from the 20th cent. 1. Christian Church. A tablet of gold, silver, ivory, etc., with a projecting handle, depicting the crucifixion or other sacred subject, which is kissed by the celebrating priest and then by the other participants at a mass; an osculatory. Also figurative. Now chiefly historical.This custom is associated with the kiss of peace (see sense 2, and peace n. 10). In England it was discontinued after the Reformation; in the Roman Catholic Church it is still sometimes practised in certain monastic communities. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > [noun] sibeOE grithc1000 saughtc1100 grithfulness?c1225 peacec1230 peaceablenessa1382 paxc1390 sweetness and light1927 society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > osculatory > [noun] paxbred1350 paxc1390 paxboard1405 osculary1537 osculatory1763 c1390 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 407 Yet is ther a pryuee spice of pride that..waiteth or desireth to..kisse pax [v.r. paxe] or ben encensed or goon to offrynge biforn his neighebore. 1435–6 in H. E. Salter Churchwardens' Accts. St. Michael's Oxf. (1933) 36 (MED) Item, for mendynge of the paxse & i clapse on to a boke, ii d. c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Interp. & Virtues Mass 461 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 107 (MED) The pepyll of hygh and lowe degre Kysse the pax, a tokyn of vnyte. 1528 W. Tyndale Doctr. Treat. (Parker Soc.) 279 Yea to kiss the pax, they think it a meritorious deed. 1589 W. Warner Albions Eng. (new ed.) vi. xxxi. 136 Her lippes meane while my Pex: Ply Sir (quoth she) your busie trade, you are besides the Tex. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy Democritus to Rdr. 27 Had he beene present at a Masse, and seene those kissing of paxes, crucifixes, cringes, duckings. 1670 S. Wilson Lassels's Voy. Italy (new ed.) ii. 389 A rich Pax of Mother of Pearle. 1816 S. W. Singer Researches Hist. Playing Cards 93 (note) An impression from a Pax, engraved for the purpose of being filled with Niello. 1826 A. E. Bray De Foix II. i. 11 He was next presented with the Pax, which he also solemnly kissed. 1910 Catholic Encycl. VIII. 258/1 During the whole of the Middle Ages ivory was extensively used for paxes (instrumenta pacis), tabernacles, portable altars [etc.]. 1979 Country Life 4 Jan. 41/3 (advt.) A fine Gothic ivory Pax carved with the Crucifixion..5 inches high. North French or Flemish. 15th century. 2. Christian Church. The kiss or sign of peace (see peace n. 2, 10); the point in a mass at which this takes place.In some cases this may refer to the ceremony of kissing the pax; see sense 1. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > parts of service > kiss of peace > [noun] mass-cossa1200 pax1440 peace1518 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 388 Pax, of kyssynge [v.r. or kyssynge], osculum, vel osculum pacis. a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk Festial (Gough) (1905) 126 (MED) This day nys no pax ȝeuyn at mas, for Iudas betrayde Crist þys nyȝt wyth a cosse. ?1515 W. Harrington Commendations of Matrimony sig. Avi^v And that is to be vnderstonde of the sacramentalle blessynge whiche is afore the geuynge of the pax. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxvj The Cardinall song the masse, and after paxe, the kynge and the quene discended. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 802 They sate still vntill the Paxe was geuen. 1853 D. Rock Church of our Fathers IV. xii. 160 The Salisbury rubric was to send, just before the communion, the ‘Pax’ all about the church. This..was conveyed from one to another by a kiss upon the cheek. 1976 Church Times 8 Oct. 4/2 At the Pax the Italian matron standing next to me turned and warmly shook me by the hand. 3. Peace. Now rare.As a Latin word it is used in various phrases and compounds (see etymological note, and the earlier pax vobis int.). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > peace > [noun] grithc1000 saughtc1100 peacec1300 quietc1400 pax1564 scabbard1802 warlessness1928 1564 in J. R. N. Macphail Papers Sir William Fraser (1924) 188 Frelie, quietlie, wele and in pacx. a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 72 Ane man he wes of policie and pax. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xii. [Cyclops] 317 —Well! says J. J. We have Edward the peacemaker now.—Tell that to a fool, says the citizen. There's a bloody sight more pox than pax about that boyo. 1990 R. Harries Shalom & Pax 4 The problem with defining Pax simply as an absence of war or absence of violence, is that it ignores the many forms of implicit coercion. 4. slang (chiefly in British public schools). A friend; good friends. to be good pax: to be good friends. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > be friendly [verb (intransitive)] > be good friends to be good pax1781 the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > [noun] > friend friendOE wineOE fellowa1225 friendmana1250 lovera1275 amic1330 gossipc1390 mikea1400 ally1406 amykec1450 favourer1483 favourite1590 palc1770 butty1791 amigo1813 amico1820 compadre1834 pally1863 tillicum1869 nigger1884 buddy1895 paxc1900 mutual1901 righto1908 segotia1917 bud1924 palsy1930 palsy-walsy1932 buddy-buddy1943 winger1943 mucker1947 main man1956 goombah1968 gabba1970 money1982 1781 J. Bentham Mem. & Corr. in Wks. (1843) X. 100 If anything should happen to jumble us together, we may perhaps be good pax. c1900 C. B. Mount MS Note (O.E.D. Archive) At Winchester (c1840) we used to talk of ‘making pax’ with some one, in sense of establishing a friendship: we even used ‘Pax’ in sense of ‘friend’:—‘a great pax of mine’. 5. A truce. Usually (esp. in School slang) as int., calling for a truce or (occasionally) for quiet. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > inaudibility > be silent [interjection] silence?c1225 peacec1390 whista1425 softlya1500 softc1500 husht1532 ist1540 st1552 soft and peace1576 pocas palabras1592 isse1598 hist1599 whish1635 whisht1684 quiet1814 fusht1816 pax1843 sh1847 pst1863 ciunas1987 society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > [noun] > cessation from hostile proceedings truce1377 recess1516 truce1560 armistice1736 pax1843 cool1958 1843 F. Bellew Mem. Griffin II. 143 I am the moderator of this assembly, and by vairtue of the pooers confided to me, I proclaim pax. 1856 C. M. Yonge Daisy Chain i. i. 4 ‘Pax! Pax!’ cried Norman, over all, with the voice of an authority. 1872 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. 615/1 There's been a sort of ‘pax’ called all round. 1927 W. E. Collinson Contemp. Eng. 14 The custom of putting oneself out of the game altogether by crossing the fingers and saying pax! or faynights! [feinaits] or both together. 1938 T. H. White Sword in Stone vii. 117 Sir Grummore favoured him with another whack and said, ‘If you don't say Pax, I shall cut your head off.’ 1987 M. Gilbert Trouble vi. 76 ‘All right,’ said Anthony. ‘Pax. It was a stupid thing to say.’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † paxn.² Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: pox n. Etymology: Variant of pox n. Obsolete. = pox n. 3. Usually with on. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > malediction > oaths > [interjection] > oaths other than religious or obscene > imprecations woeOE dahetc1290 confoundc1330 foul (also shame) fall ——c1330 sorrow on——c1330 in the wanianda1352 wildfirea1375 evil theedomc1386 a pestilence on (also upon)c1390 woe betide you (also him, her, etc.)c1390 maldathaita1400 murrainc1400 out ona1415 in the wild waning worldc1485 vengeance?a1500 in a wanion1549 with a wanion1549 woe worth1553 a plague on——a1566 with a wanion to?c1570 with a wanyand1570 bot1584 maugre1590 poxa1592 death1593 rot1594 rot on1595 cancro1597 pax1604 pize on (also upon)1605 vild1605 peascod1606 cargo1607 confusion1608 perditiona1616 (a) pest upon1632 deuce1651 stap my vitals1697 strike me blind, dumb, lucky (if, but—)1697 stop my vitals1699 split me (or my windpipe)1700 rabbit1701 consume1756 capot me!1760 nick me!1760 weary set1788 rats1816 bad cess to1859 curse1885 hanged1887 buggeration1964 1604 T. Dekker & T. Middleton Honest Whore i. i. sig. C^v Can. Patience, good wife. Wife. Pax, a your patience. 1608 J. Day Law-trickes iv. sig. F2^v Still in the bogs of Melancholly, pax on't, tis staler then Tobacco. 1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew iv. i. sig. L1 Pax o' your fine Thing. 1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse iv. 76 A Pax of these Bumkinly People. 1716 J. Addison Drummer iii. 26 Pax on him, what do I give him the hearing for! 1745 E. Haywood Female Spectator I. ii. 105 A Third says, Pax on the Spanish War, and those that forced our late Minister into it. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2020). paxn.³ Brit. /paks/, U.S. /pæks/ Inflections: Plural unchanged. Forms: 1900s– pax, 1900s– pax. (with point). Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: passenger n. Etymology: Apparently an alteration of pass- (in passenger n.), probably originally as a graphic abbreviation. In the travel industry: a passenger. Usually in plural. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > riding in a vehicle > [noun] > one who rides in a vehicle passenger1511 drivee1782 rider1851 pax1978 1978 Aviation Week & Space Technol. 13 Mar. 125/4 (table) [Hovercraft] carries 254 passenger and 30 cars. also SR.N4 Mk2; 283 pax. 1983 Financial Times 12 Oct. iv. p. v (table) Airport..Anchorage... Type of development..new Pax. terminal. 1993 T. Clancy Without Remorse (1994) xxix. 583 Pax aboard now, go! 2003 Duty-free News Internat. (Nexis) 15 Mar. 86 We hope to enjoy even more growth and..spend per passenger is now close to $6 per pax. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > as lemmas PAX PAX n. Telephony private automatic exchange. ΚΠ 1923 P.O. Electr. Engineers' Jrnl. 15 315 These plants are in some cases working as single P.A.X.'s. 1974 P.O. Electr. Engineers' Jrnl. Oct. 19 (advt.) Pye Business Communications' capability in PAX and PABX telephone systems can improve the efficiency of your existing installation or provide you with a completely new system. 2002 Business Communications Rev. (Nexis) 1 Sept. 66 I actually began my career in telecom selling PAXs—Private Automatic Exchanges, which were internal dial phone systems, not connected to the outside world. extracted from Pn. < n.¹int.c1390n.²1604n.³1978 as lemmas
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paxn.1int.

† paxn.2

paxn.3

> as lemmas

paxn.¹int.

† paxn.²

paxn.³