pavisaden.

Brit.

/ˌpavᵻˈseɪd/, U.S.

/ˌpævəˈseɪd/

Forms: 1600s 1800s– pavesade, 1600s–1800s pavoisade, 1800s– pavisade.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pavesade.

Etymology: < Middle French, French pavesade (1526 as pavezate ; also as pavoisade (1611 in Cotgrave)) < Italian pavesata (a1552) < pavese (see pavise n.) + -ata -ade suffix. Compare Spanish pavesada (mid 15th cent.), Catalan pavesada (1507).In quot. 1600 used to translate classical Latin testūdo (see testudo n. 3).

Now historical.

Originally: a defence or screen made of pavises or other shields joined in a continuous line (either in land warfare or on board ship). In later use also: a screen of canvas erected around the sides of a ship to protect and conceal the crew.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > naval weapons and equipment > [noun] > barriers in water > screen

pavisade1600

pavisado1609

fighta1616

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > [noun] > compact formation > shield-wall or testudo

pavisea1460

target-fence1598

pavisade1600

target-roof1601

pavisado1609

tortoiseshella1661

testudoa1680

tortoise1697

shield-wall1880

shield-hedge1892

shield-ring1892

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. x. 373 The pavoisade or tortuse-fense.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia (following Cotgrave) Pavoisade, any Target-fence, that of Galleys, whereby the slaves are defended from the smal shot of the Enemy.

1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. (1711) III. iii. vi. 159 A Number of Harquebusiers, drawn up ready, and charg'd, and all cover'd with a Pavesade like a Galliot.

1708 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum Pavoisade or Pavezado, a Target-defence in Galleys to cover Slaves that row on the Benches.

1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. Pavesade (Mil.), pavoisade, or pavisade, French for a sail cloth hung round a galley during action to cover the slaves that row on the benches.

1904 N.E.D. at Pavis sb. A screen of pavises; a pavisade.

1956 R. A. Preston et al. Men in Arms viii. 121 The rowers were protected while going into battle by light wooden sideworks (pavesades).

1999 Jrnl. Mil. Hist. 63 573 The fighting men on a galley were positioned on a ‘runway’ down the centre of the vessel while the rowers were protected by a ‘pavisade’ or screen along the gunwales, often formed of shields.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pavisade
释义	pavisaden. Brit. /ˌpavᵻˈseɪd/, U.S. /ˌpævəˈseɪd/ Forms: 1600s 1800s– pavesade, 1600s–1800s pavoisade, 1800s– pavisade. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pavesade. Etymology: < Middle French, French pavesade (1526 as pavezate ; also as pavoisade (1611 in Cotgrave)) < Italian pavesata (a1552) < pavese (see pavise n.) + -ata -ade suffix. Compare Spanish pavesada (mid 15th cent.), Catalan pavesada (1507).In quot. 1600 used to translate classical Latin testūdo (see testudo n. 3). Now historical. Originally: a defence or screen made of pavises or other shields joined in a continuous line (either in land warfare or on board ship). In later use also: a screen of canvas erected around the sides of a ship to protect and conceal the crew. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > naval weapons and equipment > [noun] > barriers in water > screen pavisade1600 pavisado1609 fighta1616 society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > [noun] > compact formation > shield-wall or testudo pavisea1460 target-fence1598 pavisade1600 target-roof1601 pavisado1609 tortoiseshella1661 testudoa1680 tortoise1697 shield-wall1880 shield-hedge1892 shield-ring1892 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. x. 373 The pavoisade or tortuse-fense. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia (following Cotgrave) Pavoisade, any Target-fence, that of Galleys, whereby the slaves are defended from the smal shot of the Enemy. 1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. (1711) III. iii. vi. 159 A Number of Harquebusiers, drawn up ready, and charg'd, and all cover'd with a Pavesade like a Galliot. 1708 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum Pavoisade or Pavezado, a Target-defence in Galleys to cover Slaves that row on the Benches. 1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. Pavesade (Mil.), pavoisade, or pavisade, French for a sail cloth hung round a galley during action to cover the slaves that row on the benches. 1904 N.E.D. at Pavis sb. A screen of pavises; a pavisade. 1956 R. A. Preston et al. Men in Arms viii. 121 The rowers were protected while going into battle by light wooden sideworks (pavesades). 1999 Jrnl. Mil. Hist. 63 573 The fighting men on a galley were positioned on a ‘runway’ down the centre of the vessel while the rowers were protected by a ‘pavisade’ or screen along the gunwales, often formed of shields. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1600
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