pectenn.

Brit.

/ˈpɛktɪn/,

/ˈpɛktɛn/, U.S.

/ˈpɛktn/

Inflections: Plural pectines Brit.

/ˈpɛktᵻniːz/, U.S.

/ˈpɛktəˌniz/, pectens.

Forms: Middle English peccen (transmission error), Middle English pectine, Middle English pectyne, Middle English– pecten.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin pectin-, pecten.

Etymology: < classical Latin pectin-, pecten comb, comb used in weaving, rake, the pubic hair or region, scallop shell, plectrum for a lyre, in post-classical Latin also the bones of the hand, metacarpus (c1230–50 in Bartholomaeus Anglicus: compare quot. a1398 at sense 1a) < pectere to comb < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek πεκτεῖν to clip, shear (compare πέκειν to comb). Compare ancient Greek κτείς comb, the pubic hair or region, bivalve shellfish, scallop, in Hellenistic Greek also comb used in weaving, rake ( < an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the same Indo-European base); some of the senses of classical Latin pecten may be after corresponding senses of the Greek word.The Latin word was earlier borrowed into Old English as pihten part of a loom. N.E.D. (1904) gives only the pronunciation (pe·kten) /ˈpɛktɛn/.

1. Anatomy.

†a. The bones in the hand between the wrist and fingers; the metacarpus. Also: the corresponding bones of the foot; the metatarsus. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of hand or foot > bones of hand > [noun]

pectena1398

after-wrist1615

metacarpal1831

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 51 Þe holouȝ of þe hond..haþ tweye partyes: pecten, þe combe, & þe toþir partie is þe fyngres. Peccen [read Pecten; L. pecten] þe combe, þat is þe space of the hond wiþinne þe fyngres, is compowned of foure boones.

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 157 (MED) Þe oþere iiij [bones] ben conteyned with þe boonys of þe hand þat ben clepid pecten.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 154 Veynez þat beþ mynushed in men..In þe fete bene..2 in þe kneez, 2 sophenez, 2 sciaticz, 2 of þe pecten of þe fote.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 46 (MED) The foot is compouned of iij parties..þe hele..þe sole and..þe wriste, þat is seid a pecten.

?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Giij In the thyrde coniunction be foure bones... That coniunction is called the brest of the hande or pecten.

1730 E. Oakley Mag. Archit., Perspective, & Sculpt. v. 100 The Back of the Hand reacheth from the Wrist, to the first Joints of the Fingers and is called Pecten... The Instup..reacheth to the Beginning of the Toes, and is called Pecten, or the upper Part of the Foot.

b. The pubic bone; (in later use) spec. the anterior or cranial edge of the pubic bone (more fully pecten pubis). In early use also: †the pubic region (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > pelvis > [noun] > hip bone > innominate bone > pubis

shareeOE

os pectinisa1400

pecten?a1425

share-bone?c1425

os pubis1578

pubis1578

pubes1713

pubic bone1833

prepubis1888

a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 176 Þat boon þat goiþ ouerþwert vndir þe ars aboue þe ȝerde, & is clepid os pectinis.]

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 15^v Musclez bene made in þe wombe..2 longitudinalez proceding fro þe shyld of þe stomac vnto þe bonez of pecten.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 44 (MED) This vttere part..is conteyned of þe pectine, þat is to seie, þe self schar & also of..þe gryndis or the wrynklis on þe schar.

1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 15 Applied to the pecten and genitalls in a plaister it helpeth the Gonorrhea.

1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II Pecten, in Anatomy, is the same with the Regio Pubis.

1797 J. Bell Anat. Human Body I. 342 The pectineus, or pectinalis, is so named from its arising at the pecten or pubis.

1855 F. H. Ramsbotham Princ. & Pract. Obstetr. Med. (new Amer. ed.) 5 The smallest of the three divisions of the os innominatum is the os Pubis, Pecten, or Share Bone, situated anteriorly.

1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II. 302/1 Pecten ossis pubis, or Pecten pubicum, or Pecten pubis, crest of pubis.

1970 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 74 256/2 The stress of pregnancy affects also the front of the pubis, the tubercles and the pecten where abdominal muscles insert.

1980 Gray's Anat. (ed. 36) iii. 382/1 The pecten pubis, which forms the upper boundary of the pectineal surface, is a salient, sharp ridge.

c. The transitional zone between the mucosa of the rectum and anus, situated at the level of the anal valves.

ΚΠ

1896 B. B. Stroud in Ann. Surg. 24 3 The transition between skin and mucosa is a narrow zone of stratified epithelium three to nine millimetres wide. Its general form may be compared to a comb or saw with irregular teeth. Hence the term pecten (Latin, pecten, a comb) is suggested to designate it.

1911 S. T. Earle Dis. Anum, Rectum, & Sigmoid i. 2 The location of the septum, however, is marked by a narrow zone, whose superficial tissue is neither mucous nor cutaneous but a transitional form—mucocutaneous—which has been termed by Stroud the ‘pecten’.

1962 Gray's Anat. (ed. 33) 1468 The succeeding part of the anal canal extends for about 15mm. below the anal valves, and is known as the transitional zone or pecten.

1982 Dis. Colon. & Rectum 25 693 Two-thirds of AM [= anal melanomas] were located in the proximal pecten, at or near the level of the anal valves.

2. Zoology. A bivalve mollusc of the genus Pecten or family Pectinidae, having a rounded shell with radiating ribs likened to the teeth of a comb or rake; a scallop; (also, in form Pecten) the genus itself.Valid publication of the genus name: O. F. Müller Zoologicae Danicae Prodromus (1776) 248, after earlier use by N. Gualtieri (1742). (Used as a specific name by Linnaeus Systema Naturae (1758).)

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Pectinidae > genus Pecten

pecten1682

1682 Sir T. Browne Let. 15 Mar. in Wks. (1836) I. 336 The pectines or skollops.

1696 Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 325 A Pecten of a small size, consisting as it were of 4 Shells, each of them raised somewhat above another.

1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. III. 52 In the Adriatic are likewise found the species called Jacob-shells, or Pectines.

1797 Sci. Mag. & Freemasons' Repository Aug. 97 On most of our other shores, are numbers of the aures marinæ and dentalia, with pectens, which are excellent food.

1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals I. viii. 264 Those elegant shells the Pectens or Comb Shells.

1849 H. Miller Foot-prints of Creator 208 Layers of mussel and pecten shells.

1869 Proc. Royal Geogr. Soc. 13 93 The towing-net collected..a fragmentary valve of a delicate fluted Pecten.

1909 Amer. Naturalist 43 540 There are notably few pectens or Lucinas, and the Tellinidæ are poorly represented.

1978 P. Matthiessen Snow Leopard iv. 263 In an icy brook, a spray of fossil pectens is set in a dark-grey stone shaped like a mountain.

1990 C. Pellant Rocks, Minerals & Fossils 129/2 Pectens (Scallops) are one of the few groups of bivalves which can swim by flapping their valves together.

3. Zoology.

a. A pigmented, vascular projection from the choroid of the eye into the vitreous humour, occurring in birds and certain reptiles and fishes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > reptiles > [noun] > parts of

atterc1000

fingera1398

spear1608

pecten1713

supraciliary1838

postocular1856

patagium1857

podotheca1864

pretemporal1866

keeled scale1870

postnasal1871

prenasal1886

supracoracoid1897

hedonic gland1901

guanophore1924

chorio-allantois1933

the world > animals > fish > parts of fish > [noun] > part of eye

pecten1713

the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > eye > part of

haw?1523

periophthalmium1691

pecten1713

marsupium1795

Harderian gland1822

sclerotal1854

winker1884

1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. iv. ii. 105 In birds..the Choroeides hath..a curious pectinated Work seated on the Optick Nerve... The Structure of this Pecten is very like that of the Ligamentum Ciliare.

1856 R. B. Todd & W. Bowman Physiol. Anat. II. 23 In birds, there is a remarkable plicated, comb-like process of the choroid,..termed the pecten.

1869 Proc. Royal Soc. 1868–9 17 358 The retina is absolutely non-vascular, the absence of proper retinal blood-vessels being compensated for in fish, amphibia, and some reptiles by the vascular net.., and by the highly vascular pecten present in other reptiles and in birds.

1927 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 215 343 Mammals have lost their pectinal supply of vessels, and with them their pectens, through the formation and, generally speaking, high development of their retinal system of blood vessels.

1995 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 354 214/1 The pecten was usually removed in order to facilitate subsequent observations in retinal regions next to the pecten.

b. In arthropods: an appendage consisting of or bearing a row of bristles or chitinous teeth, e.g. on the abdomen of scorpions, on the feet of cladocerans and pollen-gathering bees, or in the breathing apparatus of mosquito larvae.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > leg(s) > brush-like organ on

pecten1816

brush1828

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Scorpiones > member of (scorpion) > parts of > comb-like appendage(s)

pecten1816

comb1831

1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (1818) II. xviii. 118 [Humble-bees] the males... Their posterior tibiæ also want the corbicula and pecten that distinguish the..other sex.

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxv. 540 The poisers of Diptera and the pectens of scorpions.

1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 523 Class Arachnida... The abdomen has appendages only in Scorpionidæ,..the pectines or combs, organs probably of touch.

1942 Amer. Midland Naturalist 28 653 Anterior tarsal segments short and with a well developed pecten along posterior margin.

1962 R. M. Gordon & M. M. J. Lavoipierre Entomol. for Students of Med. xviii. 103 On each side of the eighth segment and just below the stigmal plate, there is a row of ‘teeth’ arising from a single chitinised base, the whole structure being known as ‘the pecten’.

1987 M. S. Laverack & J. Dando Lect. Notes Invertebr. Zool. (ed. 3) xxiii. 115 The opisthosoma is generally of 12 fused segments..and lacks appendages except for the pectines of scorpions and the spinnerets of spiders.

†c. A pectinate structure on the claws of certain birds. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > toe or claw > part of

paradactyl1857

pecten1890

1890 Cent. Dict. Pecten.., the comb or pectination of a bird's claw, as a heron's or a goatsucker's.

†d. Each of the comblike plates of a ctenophore. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Pecten.., the comb, comb-row, or ctenophore of a ctenophoran.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	pecten
释义	pectenn. Brit. /ˈpɛktɪn/, /ˈpɛktɛn/, U.S. /ˈpɛktn/ Inflections: Plural pectines Brit. /ˈpɛktᵻniːz/, U.S. /ˈpɛktəˌniz/, pectens. Forms: Middle English peccen (transmission error), Middle English pectine, Middle English pectyne, Middle English– pecten. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin pectin-, pecten. Etymology: < classical Latin pectin-, pecten comb, comb used in weaving, rake, the pubic hair or region, scallop shell, plectrum for a lyre, in post-classical Latin also the bones of the hand, metacarpus (c1230–50 in Bartholomaeus Anglicus: compare quot. a1398 at sense 1a) < pectere to comb < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek πεκτεῖν to clip, shear (compare πέκειν to comb). Compare ancient Greek κτείς comb, the pubic hair or region, bivalve shellfish, scallop, in Hellenistic Greek also comb used in weaving, rake ( < an ablaut variant (zero-grade) of the same Indo-European base); some of the senses of classical Latin pecten may be after corresponding senses of the Greek word.The Latin word was earlier borrowed into Old English as pihten part of a loom. N.E.D. (1904) gives only the pronunciation (pe·kten) /ˈpɛktɛn/. 1. Anatomy. †a. The bones in the hand between the wrist and fingers; the metacarpus. Also: the corresponding bones of the foot; the metatarsus. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of hand or foot > bones of hand > [noun] pectena1398 after-wrist1615 metacarpal1831 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 51 Þe holouȝ of þe hond..haþ tweye partyes: pecten, þe combe, & þe toþir partie is þe fyngres. Peccen [read Pecten; L. pecten] þe combe, þat is þe space of the hond wiþinne þe fyngres, is compowned of foure boones. a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 157 (MED) Þe oþere iiij [bones] ben conteyned with þe boonys of þe hand þat ben clepid pecten. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 154 Veynez þat beþ mynushed in men..In þe fete bene..2 in þe kneez, 2 sophenez, 2 sciaticz, 2 of þe pecten of þe fote. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 46 (MED) The foot is compouned of iij parties..þe hele..þe sole and..þe wriste, þat is seid a pecten. ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Giij In the thyrde coniunction be foure bones... That coniunction is called the brest of the hande or pecten. 1730 E. Oakley Mag. Archit., Perspective, & Sculpt. v. 100 The Back of the Hand reacheth from the Wrist, to the first Joints of the Fingers and is called Pecten... The Instup..reacheth to the Beginning of the Toes, and is called Pecten, or the upper Part of the Foot. b. The pubic bone; (in later use) spec. the anterior or cranial edge of the pubic bone (more fully pecten pubis). In early use also: †the pubic region (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > pelvis > [noun] > hip bone > innominate bone > pubis shareeOE os pectinisa1400 pecten?a1425 share-bone?c1425 os pubis1578 pubis1578 pubes1713 pubic bone1833 prepubis1888 a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 176 Þat boon þat goiþ ouerþwert vndir þe ars aboue þe ȝerde, & is clepid os pectinis.] ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 15^v Musclez bene made in þe wombe..2 longitudinalez proceding fro þe shyld of þe stomac vnto þe bonez of pecten. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 44 (MED) This vttere part..is conteyned of þe pectine, þat is to seie, þe self schar & also of..þe gryndis or the wrynklis on þe schar. 1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 15 Applied to the pecten and genitalls in a plaister it helpeth the Gonorrhea. 1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II Pecten, in Anatomy, is the same with the Regio Pubis. 1797 J. Bell Anat. Human Body I. 342 The pectineus, or pectinalis, is so named from its arising at the pecten or pubis. 1855 F. H. Ramsbotham Princ. & Pract. Obstetr. Med. (new Amer. ed.) 5 The smallest of the three divisions of the os innominatum is the os Pubis, Pecten, or Share Bone, situated anteriorly. 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II. 302/1 Pecten ossis pubis, or Pecten pubicum, or Pecten pubis, crest of pubis. 1970 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 74 256/2 The stress of pregnancy affects also the front of the pubis, the tubercles and the pecten where abdominal muscles insert. 1980 Gray's Anat. (ed. 36) iii. 382/1 The pecten pubis, which forms the upper boundary of the pectineal surface, is a salient, sharp ridge. c. The transitional zone between the mucosa of the rectum and anus, situated at the level of the anal valves. ΚΠ 1896 B. B. Stroud in Ann. Surg. 24 3 The transition between skin and mucosa is a narrow zone of stratified epithelium three to nine millimetres wide. Its general form may be compared to a comb or saw with irregular teeth. Hence the term pecten (Latin, pecten, a comb) is suggested to designate it. 1911 S. T. Earle Dis. Anum, Rectum, & Sigmoid i. 2 The location of the septum, however, is marked by a narrow zone, whose superficial tissue is neither mucous nor cutaneous but a transitional form—mucocutaneous—which has been termed by Stroud the ‘pecten’. 1962 Gray's Anat. (ed. 33) 1468 The succeeding part of the anal canal extends for about 15mm. below the anal valves, and is known as the transitional zone or pecten. 1982 Dis. Colon. & Rectum 25 693 Two-thirds of AM [= anal melanomas] were located in the proximal pecten, at or near the level of the anal valves. 2. Zoology. A bivalve mollusc of the genus Pecten or family Pectinidae, having a rounded shell with radiating ribs likened to the teeth of a comb or rake; a scallop; (also, in form Pecten) the genus itself.Valid publication of the genus name: O. F. Müller Zoologicae Danicae Prodromus (1776) 248, after earlier use by N. Gualtieri (1742). (Used as a specific name by Linnaeus Systema Naturae (1758).) ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Asiphonida > family Pectinidae > genus Pecten pecten1682 1682 Sir T. Browne Let. 15 Mar. in Wks. (1836) I. 336 The pectines or skollops. 1696 Philos. Trans. 1695–7 (Royal Soc.) 19 325 A Pecten of a small size, consisting as it were of 4 Shells, each of them raised somewhat above another. 1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. III. 52 In the Adriatic are likewise found the species called Jacob-shells, or Pectines. 1797 Sci. Mag. & Freemasons' Repository Aug. 97 On most of our other shores, are numbers of the aures marinæ and dentalia, with pectens, which are excellent food. 1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals I. viii. 264 Those elegant shells the Pectens or Comb Shells. 1849 H. Miller Foot-prints of Creator 208 Layers of mussel and pecten shells. 1869 Proc. Royal Geogr. Soc. 13 93 The towing-net collected..a fragmentary valve of a delicate fluted Pecten. 1909 Amer. Naturalist 43 540 There are notably few pectens or Lucinas, and the Tellinidæ are poorly represented. 1978 P. Matthiessen Snow Leopard iv. 263 In an icy brook, a spray of fossil pectens is set in a dark-grey stone shaped like a mountain. 1990 C. Pellant Rocks, Minerals & Fossils 129/2 Pectens (Scallops) are one of the few groups of bivalves which can swim by flapping their valves together. 3. Zoology. a. A pigmented, vascular projection from the choroid of the eye into the vitreous humour, occurring in birds and certain reptiles and fishes. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > reptiles > [noun] > parts of atterc1000 fingera1398 spear1608 pecten1713 supraciliary1838 postocular1856 patagium1857 podotheca1864 pretemporal1866 keeled scale1870 postnasal1871 prenasal1886 supracoracoid1897 hedonic gland1901 guanophore1924 chorio-allantois1933 the world > animals > fish > parts of fish > [noun] > part of eye pecten1713 the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > eye > part of haw?1523 periophthalmium1691 pecten1713 marsupium1795 Harderian gland1822 sclerotal1854 winker1884 1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. iv. ii. 105 In birds..the Choroeides hath..a curious pectinated Work seated on the Optick Nerve... The Structure of this Pecten is very like that of the Ligamentum Ciliare. 1856 R. B. Todd & W. Bowman Physiol. Anat. II. 23 In birds, there is a remarkable plicated, comb-like process of the choroid,..termed the pecten. 1869 Proc. Royal Soc. 1868–9 17 358 The retina is absolutely non-vascular, the absence of proper retinal blood-vessels being compensated for in fish, amphibia, and some reptiles by the vascular net.., and by the highly vascular pecten present in other reptiles and in birds. 1927 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 215 343 Mammals have lost their pectinal supply of vessels, and with them their pectens, through the formation and, generally speaking, high development of their retinal system of blood vessels. 1995 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 354 214/1 The pecten was usually removed in order to facilitate subsequent observations in retinal regions next to the pecten. b. In arthropods: an appendage consisting of or bearing a row of bristles or chitinous teeth, e.g. on the abdomen of scorpions, on the feet of cladocerans and pollen-gathering bees, or in the breathing apparatus of mosquito larvae. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > leg(s) > brush-like organ on pecten1816 brush1828 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Scorpiones > member of (scorpion) > parts of > comb-like appendage(s) pecten1816 comb1831 1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (1818) II. xviii. 118 [Humble-bees] the males... Their posterior tibiæ also want the corbicula and pecten that distinguish the..other sex. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. xxxv. 540 The poisers of Diptera and the pectens of scorpions. 1888 G. Rolleston & W. H. Jackson Forms Animal Life (ed. 2) 523 Class Arachnida... The abdomen has appendages only in Scorpionidæ,..the pectines or combs, organs probably of touch. 1942 Amer. Midland Naturalist 28 653 Anterior tarsal segments short and with a well developed pecten along posterior margin. 1962 R. M. Gordon & M. M. J. Lavoipierre Entomol. for Students of Med. xviii. 103 On each side of the eighth segment and just below the stigmal plate, there is a row of ‘teeth’ arising from a single chitinised base, the whole structure being known as ‘the pecten’. 1987 M. S. Laverack & J. Dando Lect. Notes Invertebr. Zool. (ed. 3) xxiii. 115 The opisthosoma is generally of 12 fused segments..and lacks appendages except for the pectines of scorpions and the spinnerets of spiders. †c. A pectinate structure on the claws of certain birds. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > toe or claw > part of paradactyl1857 pecten1890 1890 Cent. Dict. Pecten.., the comb or pectination of a bird's claw, as a heron's or a goatsucker's. †d. Each of the comblike plates of a ctenophore. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Pecten.., the comb, comb-row, or ctenophore of a ctenophoran. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1398
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