peccantadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈpɛk(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˈpɛk(ə)nt/

Forms: 1500s– peccant, 1800s pecant.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French peccant; Latin peccant-, peccāns, peccāre.

Etymology: < Middle French, French peccant unhealthy (1314 as pechantes, plural) and its etymon classical Latin peccant-, peccāns (used as noun in classical Latin, denoting a wrongdoer, as adjective in post-classical Latin, in senses A. 1 and A. 2, from 5th cent.), present participle of peccāre to do wrong, perhaps < an unattested adjective < ped- , pēs foot (see -ped comb. form) + -cus , suffix forming adjectives, also seen in mancus mank adj. Compare also Anglo-Norman pecchant, Middle French pechant sinner (end of 12th cent. in Old French as pechëant) and French †peccant sinner (1611 in Cotgrave).With peccant humours (see sense A. 1) compare Old French humeurs pechantes (1314), Middle French l'umeur peccante (c1494–8; 1580 as humeurs peccantes), post-classical Latin humores peccantes (5th cent.).

A. adj.

a. Unhealthy, corrupt, diseased; causing disease. Formerly esp. of a bodily humour. Now archaic and historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > [adjective]

pestilenta1398

peccant1595

repeccating1598

diseaseful1605

morbifical1620

morbific1652

morbid1656

morbificous1657

diseasifying1662

morbiferous1718

nosopoetic1733

pathogenetic1830

morbiferal1848

pathogenic1850

pathopoeous1857

pathogenous1873

pathophoric1899

diseasing?1915

1595 Problemes of Aristotle sig. C3^v The answer, according vnto the Phisitions, is, because the peccant matter lyeth in the head.

1597 King James VI & I Daemonologie (1924) 45 He [sc. the Devil] knowes..what humor domines..and..can subtillie walken vp the same, making it peccant.

1661 E. Hickeringill Jamaica 103 Adjourning Plagues they use to bring, In Peccant Autumns or the Spring.

1668 Philos. Trans. 1667 (Royal Soc.) 2 621 It was not at all probable that his blood was peccant in the quantity.

1702 R. Mead Mech. Acct. Poisons ii. 92 All the Specificks in this Case are such as do either absorb a peccant Acidity in the Stomach, or carry it off by Urine.

1747 tr. J. Astruc Academical Lect. Fevers 105 A crisis, or critical depuration of the humours, whereby the peccant matter is thrown off:..just as we see in the small-pox, measles, &c.

1823 Ld. Byron Let. 14 Apr. (1980) X. 148 The consequence is, that not only I have been put to some pain, but the peccant part and its immediate environ are..black.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 742 The patient..pointing to the peccant tooth as the source of his woe.

1927–9 H. Wheeler Waverley Children's Dict. V. 3172/2 Anyone who has a peccant tooth should have it attended to.

1993 P. O'Brian Wine-dark Sea iv. 75 The medical men went from cot to cot, Stephen asking each man how he did, taking his pulse and examining his peccant parts.

2001 Lancet (Nexis) 3 Feb. 403 [In lovesickness] sleep and appetite would depart, and an accumulation of peccant humours would render the body economy seriously diseased.

b. figurative and in figurative contexts.

ΚΠ

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. F4^v Thus haue I gone ouer these three diseasses of learning, besides the which there are some other rather peccant humors, then fourmed diseases.

1644–7 J. Cleveland Char. London Diurnall (1677) 102 Our Modern Noble Men; those Wens of Greatness, the Body Politick's most peccant Humours, Blistred into Lords.

1727 A. Pope et al. Περι Βαθους: Art of Sinking 13 in J. Swift et al. Misc.: Last Vol. A Discharge of the peccant Humour, in exceeding purulent Metre.

1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 29 The change is to be confined to the peccant part only.

1860 R. W. Emerson Power in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 54 Where is great amount of life, though gross and peccant, it has its own checks.

1881 J. Todhunter Rienzi Tribune of Rome iii. i. 70 New wars. The peccant humours of the land, Drawn to a head, must have sharp surgery.

1906 H. James in Coll. Trav. Writings (1993) 610 One feels that no community can really be as purged of peccant humours as the typical American has for the most part found itself foredoomed to look.

a. Of a person or other agent: that commits or has committed a sin or an offence; sinning, offending; culpable.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > [adjective]

sinfulc825

sinnyc950

plightfula1400

sin-soiled1593

peccant1604

sin-sick1609

piacular1610

sinning1610

peccable1633

Adamical1642

piaculary1646

piaculous1646

peccaminous1656

society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > [adjective] > transgressing or offending

misfaringc1300

fayllarda1325

wrongfulc1384

digressinga1535

offending1552

offensive1595

peccant1604

sinning1610

transgressinga1812

transgredient1837

1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Peccant, offending, doing amisse.

1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 32 The Shadowes err'd Of thousand peccant ghosts, vnseene, vnheard.

1694 R. South 12 Serm. II. 338 That a peccant Creature should disapprove, and repent of every Violation of, and Declination from the Rules of Just and Honest.

1704 Female Wits sig. A2^v They're welcome to us, when we're Peccant found, Their Understanding's safe as well as sound.

1773 R. Farmer Let. 18 Feb. in Percy Lett. (1946) II. 166 I have been peccant a good while—guilty at least of Sins of Omission, and I am now beginning a Folio of Repentance.

1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xiii. iii. 452 The peccant Officials..fell on their knees.

1876 G. Meredith Beauchamp's Career I. v. 75 They were all of them likely soon to be at sixes and sevens with disorderly lacqueys, peccant maids, and cooks in hysterics.

1921 L. Strachey Queen Victoria iii. 82 The fact that the peccant doctor continued in the Queen's service..produced an unpleasant impression of unrepentant error upon the public mind.

2003 Independent on Sunday (Nexis) 13 July The brilliant (if morally peccant) young politician from Arkansas.

b. Of an action or thing: offensive; sinful.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > sinfulness > [adjective]

plightfula1400

piacular1610

sinning1610

peccable1633

peccant1633

piaculary1646

piaculous1646

peccaminous1656

1633 W. Prynne Histrio-mastix i. iii. vi. 123 [Our own statutes] precisely prohibit the satyricall depraving, traducing, or derogation of..the Sacrament of the Lords Supper in any Enterludes, Playes or Rimes (in which kinde Playes had beene formerly peccant).

1814 S. T. Coleridge Let. to J. Murray in Lett. (1895) 626 Any more peccant thing of Froth, Noise, and Impermanence, that may have overbillowed it on the restless sea of curiosity.

a1820 J. Woodhouse Life Crispinus Scriblerus iii. in Life & Poet. Wks. (1896) I. 54 Impanell'd Saints, by His pure Spirit taught, Shall state each truth—expose each peccant thought!

1874 W. E. Hall Rights & Duties Neutrals iii. iii. 127 He seizes the peccant property.

1912 Dict. National Biogr. 1901–11 III. 543/2 The subsequent publication of the peccant opuscule..completed his estrangement from the church.

1986 ‘A. Burgess’ Homage to QWERT YUIOP 185 The Catholic Church..does not regard gambling as peccant.

†3. Offending against or violating a rule or principle; faulty, erroneous; defective. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. sig. H6^v/2 Peccant, faultie.

1624 Bp. F. White Replie to Iesuit Fishers Answere 116 This Sillogisme is peccant in forme.

1659 Quæries Proposalls Armie to Parl. 4 The first instrument together with a new fangled advice, have proved..meer peccant forms of Polity, without any patterne or president in the Chequer Rolle of politicall Records.

1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 177 If the Citation be evidently peccant in point of Form or Matter.

1787 R. Burns Let. Jan. (2001) I. 87 Your criticisms, Sir, I receive with reverence; only I am sorry they mostly came too late: a peccant passage or two that I would certainly have altered were gone to the Press.

†B. n.

A sinner; an offender. With plural agreement. With the. Peccant people as a class. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > sinfulness > sinful person > [noun]

peccant1621

evil-liver1846

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > [noun] > person

sinfulc825

sinnerc1325

peccant1621

subject1801

evil-liver1846

society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > [noun] > evil-doer > offender or transgressor

guilter12..

trespasser1362

transgressor1377

prevaricatora1425

surfeitera1425

offendera1450

delinquent1484

committer1509

violater1523

faulter1535

violator?1535

offendent1580

peccant1621

exceeder1625

moocher1675

culprit1769

sinner1809

1621 I. C. in T. Bedford Sin unto Death ⁋vj b No time nor age..hath beene more likely to bring forth plenty of peccants in this kinde.

1631 J. Mabbe tr. F. de Rojas Spanish Bawd vii. 85 If you goe but out into the market-place, you shall euery day see..the Peccant and his punishment.

1659 Lady Alimony v. i. sig. I3^v These wee'l chastise: and by a due survey As just Complaints shall be exhibited, Measure our Censure to the Peccants Crime.

1803 C. K. Sharpe Let. 3 Apr. in Corr. (1888) I. 165 A swinging blow on some peccant's rump from the cudgel of the serjeant!

1877 J. A. Heraud Macée de Léodapart v. 235 'Tis justice, when the law's Insulted, to avenge it on the peccant.

Derivatives

ˈpeccantly adv. rare

ΚΠ

1847 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Peccantly.

2003 Small Pharma Investor (Electronic ed.) 1 2/2 The specific allegations are themselves peccantly prosaic.

† peccantness n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Peccantness, offensiveness, hurtfulness.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	peccant
释义	peccantadj.n. Brit. /ˈpɛk(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˈpɛk(ə)nt/ Forms: 1500s– peccant, 1800s pecant. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French peccant; Latin peccant-, peccāns, peccāre. Etymology: < Middle French, French peccant unhealthy (1314 as pechantes, plural) and its etymon classical Latin peccant-, peccāns (used as noun in classical Latin, denoting a wrongdoer, as adjective in post-classical Latin, in senses A. 1 and A. 2, from 5th cent.), present participle of peccāre to do wrong, perhaps < an unattested adjective < ped- , pēs foot (see -ped comb. form) + -cus , suffix forming adjectives, also seen in mancus mank adj. Compare also Anglo-Norman pecchant, Middle French pechant sinner (end of 12th cent. in Old French as pechëant) and French †peccant sinner (1611 in Cotgrave).With peccant humours (see sense A. 1) compare Old French humeurs pechantes (1314), Middle French l'umeur peccante (c1494–8; 1580 as humeurs peccantes), post-classical Latin humores peccantes (5th cent.). A. adj. 1. a. Unhealthy, corrupt, diseased; causing disease. Formerly esp. of a bodily humour. Now archaic and historical. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > production of disease > [adjective] pestilenta1398 peccant1595 repeccating1598 diseaseful1605 morbifical1620 morbific1652 morbid1656 morbificous1657 diseasifying1662 morbiferous1718 nosopoetic1733 pathogenetic1830 morbiferal1848 pathogenic1850 pathopoeous1857 pathogenous1873 pathophoric1899 diseasing?1915 1595 Problemes of Aristotle sig. C3^v The answer, according vnto the Phisitions, is, because the peccant matter lyeth in the head. 1597 King James VI & I Daemonologie (1924) 45 He [sc. the Devil] knowes..what humor domines..and..can subtillie walken vp the same, making it peccant. 1661 E. Hickeringill Jamaica 103 Adjourning Plagues they use to bring, In Peccant Autumns or the Spring. 1668 Philos. Trans. 1667 (Royal Soc.) 2 621 It was not at all probable that his blood was peccant in the quantity. 1702 R. Mead Mech. Acct. Poisons ii. 92 All the Specificks in this Case are such as do either absorb a peccant Acidity in the Stomach, or carry it off by Urine. 1747 tr. J. Astruc Academical Lect. Fevers 105 A crisis, or critical depuration of the humours, whereby the peccant matter is thrown off:..just as we see in the small-pox, measles, &c. 1823 Ld. Byron Let. 14 Apr. (1980) X. 148 The consequence is, that not only I have been put to some pain, but the peccant part and its immediate environ are..black. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 742 The patient..pointing to the peccant tooth as the source of his woe. 1927–9 H. Wheeler Waverley Children's Dict. V. 3172/2 Anyone who has a peccant tooth should have it attended to. 1993 P. O'Brian Wine-dark Sea iv. 75 The medical men went from cot to cot, Stephen asking each man how he did, taking his pulse and examining his peccant parts. 2001 Lancet (Nexis) 3 Feb. 403 [In lovesickness] sleep and appetite would depart, and an accumulation of peccant humours would render the body economy seriously diseased. b. figurative and in figurative contexts. ΚΠ 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. F4^v Thus haue I gone ouer these three diseasses of learning, besides the which there are some other rather peccant humors, then fourmed diseases. View more context for this quotation 1644–7 J. Cleveland Char. London Diurnall (1677) 102 Our Modern Noble Men; those Wens of Greatness, the Body Politick's most peccant Humours, Blistred into Lords. 1727 A. Pope et al. Περι Βαθους: Art of Sinking 13 in J. Swift et al. Misc.: Last Vol. A Discharge of the peccant Humour, in exceeding purulent Metre. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 29 The change is to be confined to the peccant part only. View more context for this quotation 1860 R. W. Emerson Power in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 54 Where is great amount of life, though gross and peccant, it has its own checks. 1881 J. Todhunter Rienzi Tribune of Rome iii. i. 70 New wars. The peccant humours of the land, Drawn to a head, must have sharp surgery. 1906 H. James in Coll. Trav. Writings (1993) 610 One feels that no community can really be as purged of peccant humours as the typical American has for the most part found itself foredoomed to look. 2. a. Of a person or other agent: that commits or has committed a sin or an offence; sinning, offending; culpable. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > [adjective] sinfulc825 sinnyc950 plightfula1400 sin-soiled1593 peccant1604 sin-sick1609 piacular1610 sinning1610 peccable1633 Adamical1642 piaculary1646 piaculous1646 peccaminous1656 society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > [adjective] > transgressing or offending misfaringc1300 fayllarda1325 wrongfulc1384 digressinga1535 offending1552 offensive1595 peccant1604 sinning1610 transgressinga1812 transgredient1837 1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Peccant, offending, doing amisse. 1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 32 The Shadowes err'd Of thousand peccant ghosts, vnseene, vnheard. 1694 R. South 12 Serm. II. 338 That a peccant Creature should disapprove, and repent of every Violation of, and Declination from the Rules of Just and Honest. 1704 Female Wits sig. A2^v They're welcome to us, when we're Peccant found, Their Understanding's safe as well as sound. 1773 R. Farmer Let. 18 Feb. in Percy Lett. (1946) II. 166 I have been peccant a good while—guilty at least of Sins of Omission, and I am now beginning a Folio of Repentance. 1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xiii. iii. 452 The peccant Officials..fell on their knees. 1876 G. Meredith Beauchamp's Career I. v. 75 They were all of them likely soon to be at sixes and sevens with disorderly lacqueys, peccant maids, and cooks in hysterics. 1921 L. Strachey Queen Victoria iii. 82 The fact that the peccant doctor continued in the Queen's service..produced an unpleasant impression of unrepentant error upon the public mind. 2003 Independent on Sunday (Nexis) 13 July The brilliant (if morally peccant) young politician from Arkansas. b. Of an action or thing: offensive; sinful. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > sinfulness > [adjective] plightfula1400 piacular1610 sinning1610 peccable1633 peccant1633 piaculary1646 piaculous1646 peccaminous1656 1633 W. Prynne Histrio-mastix i. iii. vi. 123 [Our own statutes] precisely prohibit the satyricall depraving, traducing, or derogation of..the Sacrament of the Lords Supper in any Enterludes, Playes or Rimes (in which kinde Playes had beene formerly peccant). 1814 S. T. Coleridge Let. to J. Murray in Lett. (1895) 626 Any more peccant thing of Froth, Noise, and Impermanence, that may have overbillowed it on the restless sea of curiosity. a1820 J. Woodhouse Life Crispinus Scriblerus iii. in Life & Poet. Wks. (1896) I. 54 Impanell'd Saints, by His pure Spirit taught, Shall state each truth—expose each peccant thought! 1874 W. E. Hall Rights & Duties Neutrals iii. iii. 127 He seizes the peccant property. 1912 Dict. National Biogr. 1901–11 III. 543/2 The subsequent publication of the peccant opuscule..completed his estrangement from the church. 1986 ‘A. Burgess’ Homage to QWERT YUIOP 185 The Catholic Church..does not regard gambling as peccant. †3. Offending against or violating a rule or principle; faulty, erroneous; defective. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. sig. H6^v/2 Peccant, faultie. 1624 Bp. F. White Replie to Iesuit Fishers Answere 116 This Sillogisme is peccant in forme. 1659 Quæries Proposalls Armie to Parl. 4 The first instrument together with a new fangled advice, have proved..meer peccant forms of Polity, without any patterne or president in the Chequer Rolle of politicall Records. 1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 177 If the Citation be evidently peccant in point of Form or Matter. 1787 R. Burns Let. Jan. (2001) I. 87 Your criticisms, Sir, I receive with reverence; only I am sorry they mostly came too late: a peccant passage or two that I would certainly have altered were gone to the Press. †B. n. A sinner; an offender. With plural agreement. With the. Peccant people as a class. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > sinfulness > sinful person > [noun] peccant1621 evil-liver1846 society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > [noun] > person sinfulc825 sinnerc1325 peccant1621 subject1801 evil-liver1846 society > morality > moral evil > wrong conduct > evildoing or wrongdoing > [noun] > evil-doer > offender or transgressor guilter12.. trespasser1362 transgressor1377 prevaricatora1425 surfeitera1425 offendera1450 delinquent1484 committer1509 violater1523 faulter1535 violator?1535 offendent1580 peccant1621 exceeder1625 moocher1675 culprit1769 sinner1809 1621 I. C. in T. Bedford Sin unto Death ⁋vj b No time nor age..hath beene more likely to bring forth plenty of peccants in this kinde. 1631 J. Mabbe tr. F. de Rojas Spanish Bawd vii. 85 If you goe but out into the market-place, you shall euery day see..the Peccant and his punishment. 1659 Lady Alimony v. i. sig. I3^v These wee'l chastise: and by a due survey As just Complaints shall be exhibited, Measure our Censure to the Peccants Crime. 1803 C. K. Sharpe Let. 3 Apr. in Corr. (1888) I. 165 A swinging blow on some peccant's rump from the cudgel of the serjeant! 1877 J. A. Heraud Macée de Léodapart v. 235 'Tis justice, when the law's Insulted, to avenge it on the peccant. Derivatives ˈpeccantly adv. rare ΚΠ 1847 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Peccantly. 2003 Small Pharma Investor (Electronic ed.) 1 2/2 The specific allegations are themselves peccantly prosaic. † peccantness n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Peccantness, offensiveness, hurtfulness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1595
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