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单词 pebble
释义

pebblen.

Brit. /ˈpɛbl/, U.S. /ˈpɛb(ə)l/
Forms:

α. Old English papol- (in compounds), Old English popel- (in compounds), late Old English popul- (in compounds), early Middle English pippel, early Middle English pyppel, Middle English paple, Middle English pepble, Middle English peple, Middle English pepulle, Middle English pupel, 1500s pibple, 1500s poppell, 1500s pypple, 1500s–1600s pipple; English regional 1700s– popple (chiefly south-western), 1900s– pipple (Worcestershire); also Welsh English (Pembrokeshire) 1900s– popple.

β. Middle English pebbul, Middle English pebil, Middle English pebul, Middle English pebyl, Middle English pibbil, Middle English pibbul, Middle English pobbel, Middle English pobble, Middle English pubbil, Middle English pubel, Middle English–1500s puble, Middle English–1500s pyble, Middle English–1700s pibble, 1500s pybble, 1500s–1600s peable, 1500s–1600s peeble, 1500s–1600s peoble, 1500s–1700s peble, 1500s–1700s pible, 1500s– pebble; English regional 1700s–1800s peable, 1800s pibble (Oxfordshire); Scottish pre-1700 1700s– peeble, 1700s peebel, 1700s– pebble; also Welsh English (Pembrokeshire) 1900s– pobble.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: pebble stone n.
Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps shortened < pebble stone n., of which the first element is perhaps < classical Latin papula papula n., a word that occurs in Latin-Old English glossaries, but this poses semantic difficulties.Alternatively, the first element of pebble stone n. may be imitative in origin (compare later popple v.1), arising either from the sound pebbles make when walked upon or from the association of pebbles with flowing water. Perhaps compare Frisian †babbel-stientsjes (plural) little round stones washed up at the beach (1869 as babbel-stjintjes ), which could either represent a parallel semantic development in an unrelated word, or show a cognate word later influenced by association with babbelje babble v.1 A number of forms, including the present standard form, may show the results of i-mutation. The β. forms apparently show assimilation of -b- or -bb- to the following -l- . However, the details of the development remain unclear, as the word's origin and original form are so uncertain. Also apparently attested early in place names, as Popeltun (c1025 in a copy of a charter of the late 10th cent.; now Poppleton, West Riding, Yorkshire), Papleuuic (1086; now Papplewick, Nottinghamshire), Poplesford (1226; now Poppleford, Devon). With sense 3c compare earlier pebble v. 3.
1.
a. A small, smooth, rounded stone, worn by the action of water, ice, or sand.In quot. 1600 at β. used poetically of a pearl; cf. the later application of the word to semi-precious stones (sense 2c). In quot. 1856 at β. referring to a lodestone.Recorded earliest in pebble stone n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [noun] > pebble
chesila700
pebbleOE
pebble stoneOE
gravel-stonec1450
calionc1459
pimble stone1577
rockstone1625
shilly1675
dornick1840
klip1852
jackstone1885
yonnie1941
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > boulder, pebble, or stone formation > [noun] > pebble formation
pebble stone1567
pebble1570
cascalho1812
pebble-cast1868
shotter1911
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > pearl > [noun]
margaritea1325
graina1350
pearlc1375
margerya1387
pebble1600
onion1688
mabe1940
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetic devices or materials > [noun] > a magnet or loadstone
adamant1345
stone1390
magnesa1398
shipman's stonec1400
loderc1460
lode1509
lodestone?1518
siderite1589
sail-stone1595
pebble1856
α.
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) iv. 209 Gað to ðære sæ strande, & feccað me papolstanas.
a1425 St. Mary Magdalen (Trin. Cambr.) 388 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1882) 68 66 Hij sey by þe stronde alute child go pleyȝe wiþ paplis on his honde to-voren hem in þe weyȝe.
1825 J. Jennings Observ. Dial. W. Eng. 61 Popple, a pebble.
1863 W. Barnes Poems Rural Life in Dorset Dial. 50 Up above the clear brook that did slide By the popples.
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. at Popple They there white popples be the best vor pitchin' of a path like thick there.
1973 C. Marten Devonshire Dial. 29 Popple, pebble... Popple-stones, pebbles.
1982 B. G. Charles Eng. Dial. S. Pembrokeshire 37/1 Popple, Pobble, a pebble, cobble.
β. c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) 469 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 475 (MED) Huy i-seiȝen bi þe stronde a luytel child gon pleye with publes [v.rr. paplis; stones] on is honde.c1400 (?c1380) Pearl 117 Vche a pobbel in pole þer pyȝt Watz emerad, saffer oþer gemme gente.a1460 Knyghthode & Bataile (Pembr. Cambr. 243) 2320 (MED) If we wite a seege on vs comynge..faste haue in the multitude of stonys..And coggys, cogulys, & pibblis [L. saxa] rounde.1542 A. Borde Compend. Regyment Helth x. sig. E.ivv Ryuer or broke water,..ronnyng on pibles and grauayl.1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Diii/2 A Pebble, stone, calculus.1600 C. Tourneur Transformed Metamorph. sig. C2v The pearly pibble which the Ocean keepes.1624 Bp. J. Hall Serm. Chappell Earle of Exceter 41 A Pebble out of the Brooke.1695 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) III. 515 There being two great guns, they charged them with pibbles instead of bullets.c1760 T. Smollett Ode to Leven-Water 10 With white, round, polish'd pebbles spread.1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 (1776) 22 June I. 208 At Feorling another stupendous cairn..formed of rounded stones, or pebbles, brought from the shores.1813 R. Bakewell Introd. Geol. ii. 53 Rounded fragments from the magnitude of a pea to that of a melon are generally called pebbles.1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits v. 88 More than the diamond Koh-i-noor,..they prize that dull pebble..whose poles turn themselves to the poles of the world.1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 132 [The fragment of rock] may ultimately be rubbed into the form of smooth round pebbles.1927 A. Conan Doyle Case-bk. Sherlock Holmes 233 At the bottom of the path lie a hundred yards of pebbles and shingle, even when the tide is at full.1992 E. Rhodes Ruth Appleby (BNC) 119 She..picked up the paperweight from the vicar's desk—a large pebble upon which Mrs Longhill had painted wild flowers.
b. Pebbles collectively; pebbly material. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > stone or rock > [noun] > pebbles as material
pebble stone1567
pebble?1574
α.
?1574 W. Bourne Regiment for Sea xxii. f. 60 You shall finde .38. fadome, and poppell as bigge as beanes.
β. 1592 J. Lyly Gallathea i. i. sig. B1 A heape of small pyble.a1596 G. Peele Loue King Dauid & Fair Bethsabe (1599) sig. B2 And for the Peble, let the silver streames..Play upon Rubies, Saphires, Chrisolites.1607 Greene's Pandosto (new ed.) sig. B3v Precious Diamonds are cut.., when despised peable [earlier edd. peables] lye safe in the sand.
c. figurative. the only pebble on the beach and variants: the only person or thing to be considered in a particular situation; spec. the only eligible man or woman available. Chiefly in negative contexts.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or extraordinary > [noun] > fact of being unparalleled or unique > that which is unique > a unique thing or person
nonpareilc1500
transcendent1591
Arabian birda1616
imparallel1658
original1675
incomparable1704
unique1769
sui generis1787
oner1841
unicum1885
the only pebble on the beach1896
1896 H. Braisted (title of song) You're not the only pebble on the beach.
1924 H. de Sélincourt Cricket Match v. 156 There were other pebbles on the beach beside him.
1933 D. L. Sayers Hangman's Holiday 193 The Birmingham–London express reached Rugby at 10.24, departing again at 10.28. But, swift and impressive as it was, it was not the only, or the most important, pebble on the station beach, for over against it upon the down line was the Irish Mail.
1977 World of Cricket Monthly June 87/1 He was not the only pebble on the Middlesbrough beach.
1992 Fast Forward 20 June 28/1 There's no escaping the fact that someone you fancy could well give you the flick, but worry not, there's plenty more pebbles on the beach, and nicer shaped ones too!
2.
a. A kind of stone (not identified). Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [noun] > other stones
loys1295
anthracites1535
rockstone?1545
stone-glass1585
milkstone1598
fieldstone1649
pebble1669
ballstone1726
grain-stone1756
knablick1757
found stone1800
sitfast1809
graptolite1838
bumble1839
hardhead1849
chock1894
chockstone1894
1669 S. Sturmy Mariners Mag. v. xii. 54 The proper Stone for this purpose [sc. substituting for iron shot] is Marble, Pibble, Blew hand Stone; (there may be a little difference in weight in some sort of Stone: but these do neer agree in weight).
b. A variety of colourless transparent rock crystal (quartz), formerly used instead of glass in spectacles; a lens made of this. Cf. Compounds 1b. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > materials > [noun]
mirror glass1440
looking-glassa1631
selenite1668
pebble1688
optical glass1797
tain1858
the world > health and disease > healing > ophthalmology or optometry > aids to defective vision > [noun] > spectacles > lens of spectacles > types of
pebble1688
distance lens1907
omnifocal1962
toric1962
varifocal1975
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > crystalline quartzes > rock crystal
crystalOE
irisa1387
crystalline1539
rainbow-stone1587
Cornish diamond1591
diamond1591
mountain crystal1598
rock crystal1598
pebble1688
Cornish stone1695
Welsh diamond1705
rainbow crystal1748
quartz crystal1770
Irish diamond1774
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 39/2 The Christal, and Bristow Stone, or Pipple.
?1793 Catal. Optical Instruments (W. & S. Jones) 1 Best double-jointed standard gold spectacles with pebbles.
1812 S. T. Coleridge Let. (1959) III. 372 The Brasil pebble, when cut and set, looks as bright as the diamond, but not so radiant.
1870 Manufacturer & Builder Oct. 299/3 We can..not seriously enough warn those who wish to preserve their eyes against the use of the injurious pebble.
1889 Cent. Dict. at Brazilian Brazilian pebbles, lenses for spectacles ground from pure, colorless rock-crystal obtained from Brazil.
c. An agate or similar semi-precious stone, found on the beds of streams; any of various types of agate, jasper, or similar semi-precious stone. Frequently as the second element in compounds. Now rare.Egyptian, Mocha, Scotch pebble: see also the first element.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > rock crystal > [noun] > chalcedony > agate
achate?c1225
agatea1500
agate stone1594
pebble1695
the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > cryptocrystalline quartz > chalcedony > agate
achate?c1225
agatea1500
pebble1695
1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 181 Flints, Agates, Onyxes, Pebles, Jaspers, Cornelions.
1710 R. Sibbald Hist. Fife (1803) 140 Some of these peebles are of a clear and white perspicuous colour, some are like agates.
1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 (1776) 23 June I. 212 Sardonyxes; and other beautiful stones, indiscriminately called Scotch pebbles.
1847 H. Miller First Impressions Eng. xiv. 257 Like one of our Scotch pebbles, so common..in their rude state.
1875 E. Meteyard Wedgwood Handbk. 245 The crystalline terra-cotta vases continued to be made..—particularly the imitations of pebble, Egyptian pebble, green jasper, [etc.].
1987 Scottish Field Dec. 70/3 ‘Scotch pebbles’, as they used to be called, are a micro-crystalline form of a quartz, called chalcedony, which was deposited within former gas cavities in certain types of basalt that were violently erupted 400 million years ago.
3.
a. A speckled or mottled type of Wedgwood earthenware, made by incorporating clays of different colours in the paste.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > English pottery > by Wedgwood > types of
queen's ware1767
Etruscan1768
pebble1768
rosso antico1776
1768 J. Wedgwood Let. to Bentley 21 Nov. in Life (1866) II. 97 We can make things for mounting with great facility and dispatch, and mounting will enhance their value greatly... Pebble will in this way scarcely be discover'd to be counterfeit.
1776 J. Wedgwood Let. 27 Jan. in E. Meteyard Wedgwood & Wks. (1873) 44 I observe what you say about Pebble vases... If we mean the general complexion of the pebble to be light, and they meet with a heavy fire in the biskit oven, the..tints will be many shades darker than intended.
1875 E. Meteyard Wedgwood Handbk. 405 Pebble, a generic term applied to the various crystalline terra-cotta bodies; but more especially applied to those which in mixture of colours approach nearest to the natural stone, as agate, granite, and serpentine.
1996 Management Accounting (London) (Nexis) Apr. 16 The information that Pebble Vases cost at least one-fifth more than Black, led Wedgwood to standardise, and in many cases reduce, his prices.
b. = pebble powder n. at Compounds 3. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > explosive for use with firearms > in specific form or state
corn-powder1562
train1587
meal-powder1782
green charge1825
gunpowder cake1839
mill-cake1839
presscake1839
pellet powder1868
prismatic powder1869
pebble powder1870
pebble1872
prismatic1894
1872 Littell's Living Age 9 Mar. 625/2 The Americans..seem to have altogether abandoned this form in favour of large-grained powder of a similar class to pebble.
1880 Encycl. Brit. XI. 328/1 Large cannon powder, such as ‘pebble’..is..enclosed in cases.
1892 Proc. Royal Soc. 1891–2 50 410 An amide powder..gives rise to a smoke much less dense and much more rapidly dispersed than is the case with pebble and other similar powders.
c. The rough irregular grain produced on leather by pebbling; (also) leather having such a grain. Cf. pebble grain n., pebble leather n. at Compounds 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > patterned granular surface
grain1530
pebble1875
pebble grain1876
fish-skin grain1879
box grain1897
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1646/2 In the pebbling-machine, the skin is subjected to the action of a roller with a surface the reverse of the grain or pebble to be produced.
1885 C. T. Davis Manuf. Leather xxix. 500 The waxed or colored split is stained on the flesh side, and it is strictly known as the ‘colored pebble’.
2002 Leather Internat. (Nexis) 1 Apr. 90 Rock Slide, a soft vegetable retanned leather with great handle, attractive surface feel and subtle minimalist pebble.
4. slang (chiefly Australian). A tough or indomitable person or animal; (also) a reprobate, a ‘hard case’. (as) game as a pebble: extremely courageous, refusing to yield.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > [noun] > that which is difficult > a difficult thing or person
sluta1475
nut1540
Tartar1669
bitch1699
handful1755
tickler1825
pebble1829
hard ticket1847
tough nut1862
bear1876
Roger1885
trier1893
peb1903
heller1923
pawful1925
honey1932
sod1936
toughie1945
motherfucker1948
hard-arse1966
the mind > emotion > courage > bravery or boldness > [adjective] > exceedingly brave
oultrepreu1477
over-brave1620
(as) game as a pebble1829
game as a pissant1930
the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > livestock > member of livestock > unmanageable
hilding1590
Rooshian1843
Russian1845
ladino1863
pebble1888
1829 P. Egan Boxiana New Ser. II. 20 Hudson, as game as a pebble, stuck to his man like glue.
1848 Port Phillip Herald (Melbourne) 29 June 2/4 A carpenter showed a note in one of the public houses in town which circumstance having been observed by three ‘pebbles’, who were watching him outside, they followed him till he got opposite the Church, when they attacked and attempted to rob him.
1851 W. T. Moncrieff Scamps of London III. i. 56 in Sel. Dramat. Wks. I Now, my pebbles, I'll give you a toast.
1874 M. Clarke His Nat. Life iv. vii. 415 ‘You're not such a pebble as folks seem to think,’ grinned Frere.
1888 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms III. ix. 123 Then the Turon favourite—a real game pebble of a little horse—began to show up.
1921 D. Grant Through Six Gaols 93 In this shop were the men who are known in gaol as ‘Pebbles’, that is the hard doers.
1962 D. Mclean World turned upside Down 10 You're new round here and I think I ought to warn you that those two pebbles you was talkin' to would oozle the eyes out of y'r head.
1997 Sporting Life 10 Dec. 19/2 I told Lorcan not to ask Golden Hello any serious question until he needed to, but the horse is as game as a pebble.
5. More fully pebble moth. Any of various moths having wavy markings on the wings resembling those of agate; esp. (a) = pebble prominent n. at Compounds 3 (obsolete); (b) a Eurasian pyralid moth, Evergestis forficalis (more fully garden pebble moth).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Notodontidae > member of genus Notodonta > notodonta ziczac
pebble1832
pebble prominent1869
1832 J. Rennie Conspectus Butterflies & Moths Brit. 33 The Pebble (N. ziczac, Ochsenheimer).
1854 Amer. Farmer's New & Universal Hand-bk. 524 Cabbage-garden Pebble Moth.—Of the family Pyralidæ.., this species only deserves to be mentioned, as its caterpillar sometimes greatly injures several sorts of vegetables.
1951 Dict. Gardening (Royal Hort. Soc.) III. 1509/1 Pebble Moth, see Garden Pebble Moth.
1987 Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 45 283 (heading) The effect of a chemical deterrent, released from the frass of caterpillars of the garden pebble moth, on cabbage root fly oviposition.

Compounds

C1.
a. attributive. Of or relating to a pebble or pebbles; having or characterized by pebbles; made or consisting of pebbles (spec. of quartz or agate). Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [adjective] > pebble
pebblelOE
pebbly1600
pebbled1609
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > rock crystal > [adjective] > chalcedony > agate
agatya1728
pebble1796
agatiform1839
lOE Bounds (Sawyer 857) in J. M. Kemble Codex Diplomaticus (1845) III. 219 Of ðam ellene to populfinige; of populfinige to Lambhyrste.
a1170 (?OE) Bounds (Sawyer 567) in S. E. Kelly Charters of Abingdon Abbey, Pt. 2 (2001) 211 Þæt adune be broce oð pyppel [a1225 pippel] riðiges ut scyte,..þæt to pyppel [a1225 pippel] bricge.
a1618 J. Sylvester tr. G. Fracastoro Maidens Blush in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Diuine Weekes & Wks. (1621) 819 As burnisht Gold amid a heape of Sand, Or Orient Pearle among the Pebble Strand, Such seemed He, among tenne thousand Squires.
1679 J. Berkenhead in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Fifty Comedies & Trag. sig. A3v/2 We ebb down dry to pebble-Anagrams; Dead and insipid, all despairing sit.
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iii. i. 35 Round the figur'd Green and Peeble Walks.
1796 W. Combe Hist. Thames II. 279 Four large stones..which seem to be of the pebble kind.
1818 J. Keats Endymion ii. 58 My veined pebble-floor.
1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lviii. 525 Her mamma's..large pebble brooch.
1860 H. Miller Pop. Geol. 406 The whole cliff is composed of the very same stone as the pebble ridge.
1868 T. F. Cronise Nat. Wealth Calif. 127 The famous pebble beach is near this town, where agates, opals, jaspers, carnelians, and other silicious stones..are found in great abundance.
1926 N. Munro Coal Crisis in B. D. Osborne & R. Armstrong Erchie & Jimmy Swan (1993) i. lxxxi. 312 Ye should take it to the lapidaries and get it cut into Scotch pebble-brooches.
1989 B. Stonehouse Polar Ecol. (BNC) 153 Adelies..lay two eggs in pebble nests in October and November.
2001 Sunday Times (Nexis) 12 Aug. The ground floor looks out on a pebble bank keeping the tide at bay.
b. spec. Designating very thick convex lenses (originally, those made from rock crystal), or spectacles made with such lenses, as pebble glasses, pebble lens, etc.
ΚΠ
1813 C. Quigley Poems 48 Here fops, in abundance, to glance at the lasses, Make a practice of wearing pebble eye glasses.
1823 J. Mawe Treat. Diamonds (rev. ed.) ii. 119 Larger pieces [of crystal] are cut for the glasses of spectacles, hence called Pebble Spectacles.
1889 G. M. Hopkins Exper. Sci. xii. 242 Brazilian pebble spectacle lenses often show gorgeous colors when turned at different angles in the beam of polarized light.
1933 C. St. J. Sprigg Fatality in Fleet St. i. 14 His beady eyes regarded the Chief coldly behind his pebble eye-glasses.
1964 R. Church Voy. Home viii. 166 Thick, pebble lenses, flashed at me like headlamps.
1990 P. Melville Shape-shifter (1991) 80 Lily was yelling through the plastic front of the kiosk to a hunch-back woman with thick pebble glasses.
C2.
a. Appositive.
pebble-bead n.
ΚΠ
1818 J. Keats Endymion ii. 60 Free from the smallest pebble-bead of doubt.
pebble crystal n.
ΚΠ
a1728 J. Woodward Attempt Nat. Hist. Fossils Eng. (1729) 32 A Peble, about the bigness of a Wallnut. 'Tis wholly pellucid... This kind the Lapidaries call Peble-Crystal.
1855 Putnam's Monthly Mag. May 494/2 Long and slender, fit to be the sceptre of the earth's sovereign, the pebble-crystal shines and glitters in the mines of Hungary.
1998 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) (Nexis) 31 Oct. 5 Kors used colours like iced aquamarine and seafoam for strapless sheaths, which he then covered with glistening pebble crystals.
b. Instrumental.
pebble-covered adj.
ΚΠ
1856 S. Davison Let. 13 Aug. in W. B. Clarke Res. S. Gold Fields New S. Wales (1860) iv. 50 Pebble-covered local gold in evenly-spread beds or linear troughs of leads or gutters.
2003 Fort Worth (Texas) Star-Telegram (Nexis) 26 Aug. Capri's pebble-covered beaches aren't good for walks or stretching out on a beach towel.
pebble-paved adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > paving and road-building > [adjective] > paved > with specific material
pebble-paved1597
flaggeda1661
pebble-paven1821
Macadamite1824
asphalted1845
cobbled1853
cobblestoned1858
causewayed1865
stoned1869
kidney-paved1889
cobbly1891
stone-flagged1904
tar-sealed1928
tarmacked1966
1597 G. Markham tr. G. Pétau de Maulette Deuoreux f. 1 I walkt alongst a streame..for it did acquaint The dullest sight with all the glorious pray That in the pibble-paued channell lay.
1826 W. C. Bryant I Cannot Forget in N.Y. Rev. Feb. 217 The rush of the pebble-paved river.
1859 Househ. Words 12 Mar. 353/1 A pebble-paved jetty.
1993 A. L. Hall Deliria (BNC) 95 I am relieved when we reach the drive of Kim's house, pebble-paved, warmly lit.
pebble-paven adj. poetic
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > paving and road-building > [adjective] > paved > with specific material
pebble-paved1597
flaggeda1661
pebble-paven1821
Macadamite1824
asphalted1845
cobbled1853
cobblestoned1858
causewayed1865
stoned1869
kidney-paved1889
cobbly1891
stone-flagged1904
tar-sealed1928
tarmacked1966
1821 P. B. Shelley Epipsychidion 28 The pebble-paven shore.
1893 J. Davidson Fleet St. Eclogues 45 And all about the air that softly comes, Thridding the hedge-rows with its noiseless feet, The purling waves with muffled elfin drums, that step along their pebble-paven street.
pebble-strewn adj.
ΚΠ
a1847 E. Cook Old Mill-stream xiv Clear ripples flow'd On their serpentine way o'er the pebble-strewn road.
1925 W. F. Hume Geol. Egypt I. iv. 88 The same undulating ‘serir’ pebble-strewn country extends to the west of the Nile Valley.
2000 Sunday Herald (Glasgow) 12 Mar. (Seven Days section) 2/1 Another pebble-strewn plowter around Loch Lomond.
C3.
pebble-beached adj. slang (now rare perh. Obsolete) (a) penniless, destitute; (b) dazed, absent-minded.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > abstraction, absent-mindedness > [adjective]
in one's musesa1500
abstract1509
abstracteda1586
absent1631
thoughtful1656
vacant1680
lost in thought1681
withdrawn1713
dreamy1794
dun1797
preoccupied1801
absent-minded1824
pebble-beached1890
the mind > possession > poverty > [adjective] > poor > very poor or destitute
(as) poor as JobOE
nakedOE
voidc1374
naisa1400
vacant1430
(as) drunk, (also mad, poor, rank, weak, etc.) as a rat?1548
Hungarian1608
pauper1690
destitute1735
farthingless1834
pebble-beached1890
piss-poor1945
1890 in A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang II. 120/2 He had arrived at a crisis of impecuniosity compared to which the small circumstance of being pebble-beached and stony-broke might be described as comparative affluence.
1897 Sporting Times 3 July 1/4 She was absolutely stony, pebble-beached to all the world.
1934 P. G. Wodehouse Right ho, Jeeves xvii. 216 Gussie..switched on that pebble-beached smile again and tacked down to the edge of the platform.
pebble bed n. (a) Geology a deposit of conglomerate containing pebbles, esp. one from which they readily work loose with weathering; (b) Nuclear Physics a nuclear reactor in which the fuel elements are in the form of pellets, often with a coating of moderator; usually attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > composite rock > [noun] > conglomerate > specific
pinnel1766
grauwacke1794
unguilite1799
greywacke1805
yolky-stone1805
nagelfluh1808
coombe rock1822
pebble bed1849
breccia1856
ceppo1881
banket1886
ouklip1892
crush-conglomerate1893
basal conglomerate1900
calcrete1902
rudite1904
fanglomerate1912
beach-rock1919
1849 J. Prestwich in Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 5 46 To commence with the pebble bedb’.
1914 J. Park Text-bk. Geol. xxviii. 377 The three main divisions of the Trias recognised in the British Isles are:—3. Rhætic... 2. Keuper... 1. Bunter... The Bunter consists of red and variously hued sandstones and conglomerates or pebble beds of fluviatile or fluvio-lacustrine origin.
1961 New Scientist 16 Mar. 695/1 W. Germany is to have what is probably the first operational ‘pebble-bed’ reactor... The fuel elements are balls of graphite with centres of uranium carbide.
1969 G. M. Bennison & A. E. Wright Geol. Hist. Brit. Isles xii. 274 The Bunter Pebble Beds characteristically occur in the Midlands... The name Pebble Beds is a descriptive term and the formation comprises sandstone with pebbles.
1989 New Scientist 4 Nov. 60/2 West German reactors use a ‘pebble bed’ core in which the fuel particles are contained within small spheres of graphite, 6 centimetres across.
pebble-cast n. poetic rare the casting or throwing of a pebble or pebbles; a mass of pebbles cast up, as by the sea.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > boulder, pebble, or stone formation > [noun] > pebble formation
pebble stone1567
pebble1570
cascalho1812
pebble-cast1868
shotter1911
1868 E. FitzGerald tr. Rubáiyát Omar Khayyám (ed. 2) xlviii. 10 [The world] of our Coming and Departure heeds As much as Ocean of a pebble-cast.
pebble chopper n. Archaeology a simple tool with a cutting edge, made by striking a few flakes from a pebble (cf. pebble tool n.).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > prehistoric tool > [noun] > types of
flintstonec1400
celt1748
fairy hammer1815
axe1851
flint-flake1851
stone-axe1864
flake-knife1865
scraper1865
thumb-flint1865
tool-stone1865
saddle quern1867
fabricator1872
grattoir1872
hammer-stone1872
tribrach1873
flake1875
hand-axe1878
pick1888
turtle-back1890
racloir1892
eolith1895
pebble chopper1895
palaeotalith1897
tranchet1899
point1901
pygmy flint1907
microlith1908
Gravette1911
keeled scraper1911
lissoir1911
coup de poing1912
end-scraper1915
burin1916
rostro-carinate1919
tortoise core1919
blade1921
axe-adze1925
petit tranchet1926
tournette1927
pebble tool1931
raclette1932
biface1934
cleaver1935
thumbnail scraper1937
microblade1959
linguate1966
1895 Amer. Anthropologist 8 328 They still practiced [sic] edging their hard pebble-choppers..by seizing them with both hands—the more accurately to direct them—and whacking them until chipped sharp obliquely against other stones.
1959 J. D. Clark Prehist. Southern Afr. v. 115 Some of these flakes were struck from cores and were not simply the waste flakes removed in preparing the pebble-chopper.
2003 Times Higher Educ. Suppl. (Nexis) 18 July 22 More than a million years separates the pebble chopper from the hand axe.
pebble culture n. Archaeology a prehistoric culture characterized by the use of pebble tools.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > a civilization or culture > [noun] > types of prehistoric culture
pebble culture1931
flake culture1935
1931 J. D. Solomon in L. S. B. Leakey Stone Age Cultures Kenya Colony 264 Mr. C. van Riet Lowe..has studied the terraces of the Vaal River, and finds... (i) High terrace, with coarse gravel containing what may be a pebble-culture.
1955 Sci. Amer. Aug. 50/2 He has found two teeth of the man-ape in a deposit together with crudely chipped stone tools of the ‘pebble culture’.
1983 Current Anthropol. 24 665/1 My 1975–77 research on the Clactonian..is still widely accepted as an offshoot of the so-called pebble culture (or tradition), i.e., a nonhandaxe industrial complex, therefore non-Acheulean.
pebble grain n. a patterned grain on leather produced by pebbling; (also) = pebble leather n.; frequently attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > patterned granular surface
grain1530
pebble1875
pebble grain1876
fish-skin grain1879
box grain1897
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [adjective] > having specific grain
fine-grained1606
pebble grain1876
pebble-grained1943
1876 Official Catal. (U.S. Centennial Commission) 115/1 Pebble grain, imitation goat, buff, and split leather.
1897 Sears, Roebuck Catal. No. 104. 194/3 Child's pebble grain school shoe.
1969 R. T. Wilcox Dict. Costume (1970) 263/2 Pebble grain,..a leather, imitation leather or fabric given a grained surface by running it between rollers under pressure.
2003 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 23 Nov. c2 I can feel their firm pebble-grain leather surrounding my feet.
pebble-grained adj. (a) having a pattern produced by pebbling; (b) (of a lens or spectacles) having the appearance of pebble (sense 2b).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [adjective] > having specific grain
fine-grained1606
pebble grain1876
pebble-grained1943
the world > health and disease > healing > ophthalmology or optometry > aids to defective vision > [adjective] > types of spectacles > types of spectacle lens
astigmatic1881
toric1890
trifocal1921
multifocal1928
pebble-grained1943
omnifocal1962
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > shoe or boot > [adjective] > other
voideda1539
high-topped1582
low-cuta1600
upright1608
seven-league1707
spurred?1707
japanned1750
hen-skin1846
pegged1846
stogy1847
wing-tip1872
foxed1880
brogued1894
welted1895
orthopaedic1897
tackless1907
dazzle1931
Jesus1942
pebble-grained1943
unconstructed1973
1943 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 30 630/2 Broad papillae resembling pebble-grained leather.
1971 ‘O. Bleeck’ Thief who painted Sunlight (1972) xiv. 123 His black, pebble-grained loafers were burnished and gleaming.
1973 W. M. Duncan Big Timer i. 10 Pale blue eyes which stared myopically from behind thick pebble-grained glasses.
1997 Toronto Life (Nexis) Aug. 60 Her green pebble-grained suitcase was open and showed two small stacks of perfectly folded clothes.
pebble-hearted adj. hard-hearted, stony-hearted.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > hard-heartedness > [adjective]
hard hearteOE
hateleOE
hard-heartedc1225
cruel1297
dure1412
flinty1536
heartless1556
flint-hearted1560
stone-hearted?1569
stony-hearted1569
iron-hearted1570
steel-hearted1571
unbowelled1592
blunt1594
flintful1596
flint-heart1596
brassy1600
unfeeling1600
cold-blooded1602
cold-hearteda1616
flinty-hearted1629
callous1647
unsympathizing1735
cool-hearted1748
pebble-hearted1816
unsympathetic1823
cold1849
the mind > emotion > absence of emotion > [adjective] > callous or hard-hearted
hard hearteOE
steelena1000
hardOE
hard-heartedc1225
stony?c1230
yhert1340
dure1412
hardedc1425
induratec1425
stonishc1450
hardenedc1480
steely1508
flinty1536
endured1540
stiff-stomached1540
heartless1556
indured1558
flint-hearted1560
iron1561
marble1565
stone-hearted?1569
stony-hearted1569
iron-hearted1570
steel-hearted1571
rocky?1578
brawned1582
flinted1582
padded1583
obdure?1590
brawny1596
flintful1596
flint-heart1596
steeled1600
cauterized1603
indurated1604
flinty-hearted1629
ahenean1630
dedolent1633
brawny-hearteda1639
hard-grained1643
callous1647
upsitten1682
seared1684
petrified1720
calloused1746
coreless1813
pebble-hearted1816
hard-shelled1848
hard-plucked1857
steel trap1921
1816 W. Scott in Q. Rev. Oct. 198 Like Lance's pebble-hearted cur.
1887 F. T. Marzials Dickens v. 64 I am afraid I must be rather pebble-hearted.
1998 Canberra Times (Nexis) 22 Nov. a22 The pebble-hearted culture of rationalising and down-sizing.
pebble hooktip n. a small Eurasian moth, Drepana falcataria (family Drepanidae), having wavy markings on the wings resembling those of agate.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Notodontidae > member of genus Platypterx > platypteryx falcula
pebble hooktip1775
1775 M. Harris Eng. Lepidoptera 49 Tip, pibble hook.
1869 E. Newman Illustr. Nat. Hist. Brit. Moths 207 The Pebble Hook-tip.
1983 Birds Spring 49 (caption) Because they allow a dense understorey to spring up..birches harbour many insects such as the pebble hooktip.
pebble leather n. leather that has been pebbled (pebble v. 3).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > leather finished in specific way
red leather1418
black work1587
frieze-leather1594
shagreen1677
chagrin1678
wax-leather1711
patent leather1797
satin leather1802
japanned leather1851
Peau d'Espagne1855
grain-leather1858
suede1878
pebble leather1880
suede leather1882
ooze leather1888
blacking leather1895
grain1895
patent1902
ooze1916
1880 Denton Jrnl. 12 June 1 (advt.) Ladies' pebble leather laced.
2001 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 11 Sept. a2 A strokably soft teal pebble leather Fendi slouch bag.
pebble-lensed adj. having a pebble lens or pebble lenses.
ΚΠ
1968 F. Mullally Munich Involvement iii. 21 The woman..hesitated, blinking at Sullivan through pebble-lensed glasses.
1977 ‘E. Crispin’ Glimpses of Moon xiii. 284 Long-haired, pebble-lensed cissies in white coats.
1998 Stornoway Gaz. 31 Dec. 4/3 He had to dispense with his pebble-lensed glasses and grope his way to the scene of the tragedy as best he could.
pebble moth n. see sense 5.
pebble paving n. paving made of pebbles (see quot. 1875).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > paving and road-building > [noun] > paving > types of paved work
pavementa1300
pavagec1376
paving1448
paithmentc1480
plainstones1611
pitching1693
pitchwork1758
pebble paving1819
pave1835
slabbing1893
concrete1911
crazy paving1923
1819 P. Nicholson Archit. Dict. II. 266/2 Pebble-paving..is done with stones collected from the sea-beach.
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Pebble-paving, pavement laid with pebbles from 3 to 4 inches deep. When larger stones are used, it is known as bowlder-paving.
1989 Independent (Nexis) 7 Oct. Red tile set on edge was to be used for the centrepiece, Portland stone for the surround, brown pebble paving for an infill.
pebble powder n. now historical a slow-burning gunpowder prepared in the form of cubes or blocks between about 5/ 8 inch and 2 inches in size.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > explosive for use with firearms > in specific form or state
corn-powder1562
train1587
meal-powder1782
green charge1825
gunpowder cake1839
mill-cake1839
presscake1839
pellet powder1868
prismatic powder1869
pebble powder1870
pebble1872
prismatic1894
1870 Times 5 Apr. 4/5 We heartily agree with the recommendation of the Committee that pebble powder No. 5 should be adopted and manufactured at once for all heavy guns.
1880 Times 3 Feb. 11/2 The explosion of the double charge—close upon 200lb. of pebble powder—will prove a severe strain upon the cell.
pebble prominent n. a Eurasian moth, Eligmodonta ziczac (family Notodontidae), having wavy markings on the wings resembling those of agate.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Notodontidae > member of genus Notodonta > notodonta ziczac
pebble1832
pebble prominent1869
1869 E. Newman Illustr. Nat. Hist. Brit. Moths 231 The Pebble Prominent.
1967 E. B. Ford Moths (ed. 2) vii. 98 Some larvae are curiously humped and angled, as is the Pebble Prominent.
1984 B. Skinner Moths Brit. Isles 72/1 Pebble Prominent Eligmodonta ziczac..Resident. Comes regularly to light.
pebble tool n. Archaeology a simple tool made by chipping and shaping a pebble.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > prehistoric tool > [noun] > types of
flintstonec1400
celt1748
fairy hammer1815
axe1851
flint-flake1851
stone-axe1864
flake-knife1865
scraper1865
thumb-flint1865
tool-stone1865
saddle quern1867
fabricator1872
grattoir1872
hammer-stone1872
tribrach1873
flake1875
hand-axe1878
pick1888
turtle-back1890
racloir1892
eolith1895
pebble chopper1895
palaeotalith1897
tranchet1899
point1901
pygmy flint1907
microlith1908
Gravette1911
keeled scraper1911
lissoir1911
coup de poing1912
end-scraper1915
burin1916
rostro-carinate1919
tortoise core1919
blade1921
axe-adze1925
petit tranchet1926
tournette1927
pebble tool1931
raclette1932
biface1934
cleaver1935
thumbnail scraper1937
microblade1959
linguate1966
1931 J. D. Solomon in L. S. B. Leakey Stone Age Cultures Kenya Colony 263 We thus seem to have the following succession of events in East Africa during the Pleistocene: (i) Wet period..which coincided with the epoch of the man who made pebble-tools (Kafuan).
1959 J. D. Clark Prehist. Southern Afr. iv. 74 It is an open question whether Australopithecus could have made pebble-tools, the earliest examples of intentionally made implements known.
1994 New Scientist 7 May 39/1 The earliest known stone tools appear in the archaeological record about 2.5 million years ago. These were simple pebble tools and sharp flakes of stone.
pebble-vetch n. Obsolete a spring-sown variety of cultivated vetch, Vicia sativa.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fodder plants > [noun] > cultivated vetch
vetchc1400
tare1482
chickling1548
peavine1675
pebble-vetch1677
chickling pea1731
mattar1884
1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxfordshire 240 When..they sow Peas on [Clay] Land, the best husbandman will chuse the Vale-gray as most proper for it; and if Vetches, the Gore or Pebble-vetch.
a1722 E. Lisle Observ. Husbandry (1757) 125 The pebble-vetch is a summer-vetch, different from the goar-vetch and not so big; they call it also the rath-ripe vetch.
1763 J. Mills Syst. Pract. Husb. I. 475 The small black-seeded vetch, which some call rathripe, and others pebble, or summer vetch.
pebble ware n. a range of speckled or mottled Wedgwood pottery; cf. sense 3a.
ΚΠ
1904 N.E.D. at Pebble sb. Pebble-ware.
1959 J. R. Bernasconi Collectors' Gloss. 160 Pebble Ware, a kind of pottery ware made by Wedgwood. The method employed was to mix different coloured clays in the paste, with the result that the finished article resembled serpentine, porphyry, etc.
pebble weave n. a weave producing a rough surface; fabric having such a weave.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > weaving > other methods of weaving
cross-weaving1843
Swedish work1882
satin weave1884
plain-weave1888
swivel-weaving1894
swivel-weft1894
mat1904
tabby weave1906
tablet weaving1921
basket weave1925
ikat1931
folk weave1938
pebble weave1941
1941 Archit. Rev. 89 40 The floor is close-carpeted with a grey ‘pebble-weave’ material.
1958 Woman's Jrnl. Mar. 3 (advt.) Classic casual in pebbleweave.
1995 Chattanooga (Tennessee) Times (Nexis) 21 Nov. c2 I like suits like this in lightweight herringbones, twills and pebble weaves.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

pebblev.

Brit. /ˈpɛbl/, U.S. /ˈpɛb(ə)l/
Forms: 1600s peble, 1800s peeble (Scottish), 1800s– pebble.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pebble n.
Etymology: < pebble n.
1. transitive. To pelt with or as with pebbles.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific thing > strike with specific thing [verb (transitive)] > strike with an object > with something thrown
pelt1570
pebble1605
plug1971
1605 G. Chapman et al. Eastward Hoe iii. sig. D3v Wee'd so peble 'hem with snowe bals as they come from Church.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary II. iii. 62 The peasants..betook themselves to stones, and having pebbled the priest pretty handsomely, they drove him out of the parish.
1890 Herald Despatch 24 May 6 Many of the occupants of British glass houses are angry with one of their janitors for having denied them the delightful..amusement of pebbling their Muscovite neighbours.
1987 Toronto Star (Nexis) 11 Sept. a6 A gray rain pebbling the river's surface and traffic boiling down the Parkway in clouds of spray.
2000 Toronto Star (Nexis) 24 June Assailants one day opened fire on the Mugabe residence, pebbling the walls with bullets.
2. transitive. To pave or cover with pebbles or pebble-like objects. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > paving and road-building > pave or build roads [verb (transitive)] > pave > pave with specific material
causeya1552
flag1615
causeway1744
metal1806
blind1812
macadamize1823
slab1832
flint1834
pebble1835
asphalt1872
concrete1875
cube1887
cobble1888
block1891
wood-block1908
tarmacadam1910
tarviate1926
tarmac1966
1835 W. Beckford Recoll. Monasteries Alcobaça & Batalha 9 For the wise purpose of pebbling alleys in quaint Mosaic patterns.
1869 J. W. Meader Merrimack River 27 Crystal streams whose beds were pebbled with the richest gems.
1956 Times 11 Oct. 6/6 It is a work pebbled with statistics.
2004 Sunday Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 22 Feb. 6 The nearby, beautiful Preseli Hills, ancient grounds pebbled with stone circles and mysterious standing stones.
3. transitive. To treat (leather, vinyl, etc.) with a patterned roller to produce a rough or indented surface, such as might be produced by the pressure of pebbles. Also intransitive.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > work with skins [verb (transitive)] > other processes
curry14..
shave1467
dress1511
slaughter1603
raise1607
scutch1688
chamois1728
braya1835
break1842
fellmonger1843
fire-cure1848
crimp1849
board1860
pebble1862
soft-board1878
sam1883
stock1883
nourish1884
buff1885
pinwheel1885
sammy1885
wheel1885
unlime1888
1862 Sci. Amer. Sept. 157/1 I claim the above-described machine for pebbling or figuring leather.
1885 C. T. Davis Manuf. Leather xxvi. 454 In currying it [sc. Martin's Machine] will ‘set out’, pebble, ‘stone out’..entirely without hand labour.
1885 C. T. Davis Manuf. Leather xxvi. 467 Patents..for Pebbling Leather.
2002 London Free Press (Ont.) (Nexis) 7 May d1 Leather bags may also feature textured top-notes, such as weaves or braids or may be pebbled, tooled or etched.
2003 Charleston (W. Virginia) Daily Mail (Nexis) 9 July 5 a He and his wife often appeared together in matching coats of yellow plastic pebbled to look like leather.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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