bastiden.

Brit.

/baˈstiːd/, U.S.

/ˌbæˈstid/

Forms: 1500s bastyde, 1500s– bastide, 1600s bastid.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French bastide.

Etymology: < Middle French bastide (French bastide ) fortified town (1305 in Old French), fortress (1360), cabin, hut (14th cent.) < Old Occitan bastida fortress (a1213), fortified town (1263), cabin, hut (1276), use as noun of feminine past participle of bastir to build (see baste v.¹). Compare bastion n.Compare post-classical Latin bastida fortress (1204), cabin, hut (1223), fortified town (1255), Italian bastita (14th cent.). N.E.D. (1885) gives the pronunciation as (bɑ·stid, bɑstī·d) /ˈbɑːstɪd/, /bɑːˈstid/.

†1.

a. A (small) fortress. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > castle or fortified building > [noun] > tower or fortified house

bastide1523

bastle house1542

broch1654

round tower1790

bastle1813

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. f. xvi/2 They fortified the bastyde of Rosebourge, and made it a strong castel.

1612 W. Shute tr. T. de Fougasses Gen. Hist. Venice ii. 48 Petro of Nauarre..came and beseeged the Bastide [Fr. Bastide].

b. A temporary hut or tower erected by a besieging force. Cf. bastille n. 1. Obsolete (historical in later use).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > engine of war > [noun] > siege-tower

belfryc1300

mate-griffonc1330

summercastle1382

bastillec1400

towerc1440

summertowera1450

bestial1488

bastide1523

turret1565

timber-tower1614

helepole1770

cat-castle1861

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. f. lxvi/1 Whan the kyng of England was come before Calys, he layd his siege and ordayned bastides bytwene the towne and the ryuer.

1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 935/2 He came before the strong towne of Calice..and erected bastides betwene the towne & the river.

1858 W. Morris Geffray Teste-Noire 138 Therefore we set our bastides round the tower That Geffray held.

1888 Builder 29 Sept. 228/2 Until the end of the thirteenth century, however, the style of ‘bastide’ was more commonly applied to temporary structures for attack than to fixed forts.

2. A type of country house in southern France.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [noun] > villa or country house

grange1552

country housec1555

lust-house1590

aldeia1609

villa1615

bastide?1656

vill1684

family seat1712

quinta1754

?1656 R. Flecknoe Relation Ten Years Trav. viii. 20 To these Bastids or Houses of Pleasure, in Spring and Summer time,..they retire themselves.

1721 London Gaz. No. 6073/2 The Bastides and Farm-Houses in that Neighbourhood.

1788 T. Bankes et al. New & Authentic Syst. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. xiii. 852/2 Every citizen, almost to the lowest rank, has a bastide, where, after the labours of the day, he retires.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. vi. ii. 374 White glittering bastides that crown the hills.

1934 Illustr. London News 24 Feb. 294/2 The third illustration shows the flower-garden of a Provençal ‘bastide’, of which the owner did not wish the name disclosed.

2017 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 18 Mar. Château La Coste dates back to 1682 and has at its heart a bastide or fortified farmhouse.

3. A medieval fortified town or village founded as a new settlement, typically laid out on a grid plan around a central square. Also attributive, esp. in bastide town.Most closely associated with southern and south-western France, where the earliest examples were established in the mid twelfth cent.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > fortified or defended town

wall-town1488

bourg1536

castle-town1646

bastide1881

1881 Illustr. London News 22 Jan. 89/2 He [sc. King Edward I] at once purchased the site from the Abbot of Meaux, and laid out a ‘Bastide’, or regularly planned town, constructed with a public square and parallel streets crossing one another, in the rectangular style of a Roman military station.

1908 T. E. Lawrence Lett. (1938) 61 Bonaguil-Montpazier, the most perfect of the bastide-towns (those chess-board planned towns of the xiii and xiv cents. in Aquitaine).

1989 P. Mayle Year in Provence (1990) 198 A region steeped in history and natural wonders, from the caves at Padirac to the remains of the bastides.

2018 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 5 June 14 The village has been designed to look like the traditional historic centre of a medieval ‘bastide’, or fortified town, commonplace in the Landes area, so that patients do not feel disorientated.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	bastide
释义	bastiden. Brit. /baˈstiːd/, U.S. /ˌbæˈstid/ Forms: 1500s bastyde, 1500s– bastide, 1600s bastid. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French bastide. Etymology: < Middle French bastide (French bastide ) fortified town (1305 in Old French), fortress (1360), cabin, hut (14th cent.) < Old Occitan bastida fortress (a1213), fortified town (1263), cabin, hut (1276), use as noun of feminine past participle of bastir to build (see baste v.¹). Compare bastion n.Compare post-classical Latin bastida fortress (1204), cabin, hut (1223), fortified town (1255), Italian bastita (14th cent.). N.E.D. (1885) gives the pronunciation as (bɑ·stid, bɑstī·d) /ˈbɑːstɪd/, /bɑːˈstid/. †1. a. A (small) fortress. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > castle or fortified building > [noun] > tower or fortified house bastide1523 bastle house1542 broch1654 round tower1790 bastle1813 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. f. xvi/2 They fortified the bastyde of Rosebourge, and made it a strong castel. 1612 W. Shute tr. T. de Fougasses Gen. Hist. Venice ii. 48 Petro of Nauarre..came and beseeged the Bastide [Fr. Bastide]. b. A temporary hut or tower erected by a besieging force. Cf. bastille n. 1. Obsolete (historical in later use). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > engine of war > [noun] > siege-tower belfryc1300 mate-griffonc1330 summercastle1382 bastillec1400 towerc1440 summertowera1450 bestial1488 bastide1523 turret1565 timber-tower1614 helepole1770 cat-castle1861 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. f. lxvi/1 Whan the kyng of England was come before Calys, he layd his siege and ordayned bastides bytwene the towne and the ryuer. 1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 935/2 He came before the strong towne of Calice..and erected bastides betwene the towne & the river. 1858 W. Morris Geffray Teste-Noire 138 Therefore we set our bastides round the tower That Geffray held. 1888 Builder 29 Sept. 228/2 Until the end of the thirteenth century, however, the style of ‘bastide’ was more commonly applied to temporary structures for attack than to fixed forts. 2. A type of country house in southern France. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [noun] > villa or country house grange1552 country housec1555 lust-house1590 aldeia1609 villa1615 bastide?1656 vill1684 family seat1712 quinta1754 ?1656 R. Flecknoe Relation Ten Years Trav. viii. 20 To these Bastids or Houses of Pleasure, in Spring and Summer time,..they retire themselves. 1721 London Gaz. No. 6073/2 The Bastides and Farm-Houses in that Neighbourhood. 1788 T. Bankes et al. New & Authentic Syst. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. xiii. 852/2 Every citizen, almost to the lowest rank, has a bastide, where, after the labours of the day, he retires. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. vi. ii. 374 White glittering bastides that crown the hills. 1934 Illustr. London News 24 Feb. 294/2 The third illustration shows the flower-garden of a Provençal ‘bastide’, of which the owner did not wish the name disclosed. 2017 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 18 Mar. Château La Coste dates back to 1682 and has at its heart a bastide or fortified farmhouse. 3. A medieval fortified town or village founded as a new settlement, typically laid out on a grid plan around a central square. Also attributive, esp. in bastide town.Most closely associated with southern and south-western France, where the earliest examples were established in the mid twelfth cent. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > fortified or defended town wall-town1488 bourg1536 castle-town1646 bastide1881 1881 Illustr. London News 22 Jan. 89/2 He [sc. King Edward I] at once purchased the site from the Abbot of Meaux, and laid out a ‘Bastide’, or regularly planned town, constructed with a public square and parallel streets crossing one another, in the rectangular style of a Roman military station. 1908 T. E. Lawrence Lett. (1938) 61 Bonaguil-Montpazier, the most perfect of the bastide-towns (those chess-board planned towns of the xiii and xiv cents. in Aquitaine). 1989 P. Mayle Year in Provence (1990) 198 A region steeped in history and natural wonders, from the caves at Padirac to the remains of the bastides. 2018 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 5 June 14 The village has been designed to look like the traditional historic centre of a medieval ‘bastide’, or fortified town, commonplace in the Landes area, so that patients do not feel disorientated. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1523
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