| 释义 |
peasen. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin pisa; French peis. Etymology: < post-classical Latin pisa (feminine; plural pisae) variety of pea (4th cent.), variant of classical Latin pisum (neuter; plural pisa), either < ancient Greek πίσος, also πίσον pulse, pease (apparently a loanword), or representing a parallel loan from another language; subsequently reinforced by Anglo-Norman peis, pais, peas, peiz, pois, poais, peses, poyes and Old French pois, (Normandy) peis, Middle French pois (c1160 as peis; French pois).By late Middle English the plural form was often identical with the singular (compare singular forms above and β forms of the plural); subsequently, the final voiced sibilant of the plural form came to be analysed as the mark of the plural ending and a new singular pea n.2 was inferred, while the earlier forms mostly fell into disuse in standard English (but compare peasemeal n., pease pudding n.). After the mid 17th cent. the plural (and collective) form peas (see β forms of the plural) becomes indistinguishable from the plural of pea n.2 The δ forms of the plural represent a morphological double plural. The modern form represents, on the one hand, a reflex (with Middle English open syllable lengthening) of early Middle English pesan , etc. (with short e , perhaps preserved in Middle English pesene , pessen ; < an unattested form in Old English (Anglian) with -eo- : compare Middle English (west midland) peose , peosen , etc.) and, on the other hand, the Anglo-Norman form (with the usual development of the Anglo-Norman diphthong to open ē : compare e.g. peace n.). The earlier form of the Anglo-Norman diphthong is reflected in Middle English peise , peysse . Middle English poysyn perhaps reflects Central French pois . The Scots (and probably the Irish) forms apparently represent forms with northern Middle English short i (from Old English (Anglian) piose , piosan ) in pis , pizz , etc., and probably also, with open syllable lengthening, in peese , peice etc. Middle English pisen , etc., however, sometimes go back to forms without back mutation (compare Old English (West Saxon) pisan ). With sense 2b compare Old French, Middle French pois in the sense ‘something of small value or importance’ (c1160). Now chiefly archaic and regional. 1. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant eOE (Royal) (1865) ii. xiii. 190 Sum pyse cyn hatte lenticulas. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 229v Þe seed þerof [sc. broom] is bitter and blak in longe coddes and blak y-growe as it were coddes of vecchis oþer pesen. a1425 J. Wyclif (1871) II. 71 (MED) Pesis [v.r. peesen] ben divers from whete, as creatures diversen fro God. 1481 W. Caxton tr. ii. viii. 80 In this contree [sc. Perse] groweth a pese which is so hoot that it skaldeth the handes of them that holde it. 1551 W. Turner sig. P iijv The herbe whiche groweth in woddes..with floures lyke vnto a pease. 1553 T. Wilson i. f. 29v It yeldeth nothyng els but wheat barley, beanes, and peason. 1648 H. Hexham Roomsch erwetan, romish Pease. 1682 N. Grew iv. i. ii. 149 The Leaves of Beans and Peasen. 1704 at Pease-everlasting As for Salleting, the Pods of the Sugar-Pease, when first they begin to appear..afford a pretty Acid, or sharp Taste. 1760 R. Brown 85 All sorts of pease love limed or marled land. 1829 J. Hunter 76 Rice, sticks used in gardens to support pease and beans or any deciduous plants. 1854 C. Fox 154 In some soils a heavy crop of pease proves beneficial in destroying weeds. 1919 at Straw sb.1 The stalks of certain other plants, chiefly pease and buckwheat. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > leguminous plants > [noun] > other leguminous plants OE (1955) 143 Uitia, musepise. 1548 W. Turner sig. C.iiv Cicer may be named in english Cich, or ciche pease, after the frenche tonge. 1634 T. Herbert 182 Carauances or Indian Pease. 1721 tr. D. Le Clerc 396 Cardamums, Cabbage, Cich Pease, Citrons, Coriander, [etc.]. 1762 II. at Georgia All sorts of English green pease..and garden-beans, but the Windsor sort will not flourish here; Indian pease, all sorts of sallading the year round. 1882 Feb. 571/2 In order to gather..our fodder, cow-pease, etc., as it ripened. 1949 Aug. 211/2 When this crop was first grown in the United States, it was called ‘pease’, ‘callicance’, and later, ‘cornfield pease’. 2000 (Nexis) 8 Apr. 990 Chickpea: This is the plant Cicer arietinum... In English it was called cich-pease, which became chickpea, by error in the 18th century. 2. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > pulse > [noun] > pea eOE (Royal) (1865) ii. ii. 180 Pisan..gesodena on ecede & on wætre. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius (Vitell.) (1984) clxxxi. 226 Ðeos wyrt..hafað sæd on grenum coddum on ðære mycele þe pysan. a1225 (c1200) (1888) 43 (MED) Leuere him was to eten benen and pesen and swilche unorne metes. 1340 (1866) 120 (MED) Ane dissuol of pesen..is no þing þet by worþi to be ycleped yefþe of kyng. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) v. 4409 (MED) He wol ayeinward take a bene, Ther he hath lent the smale pese. ?a1425 (c1400) (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 105 (MED) Men fynden summe [diamonds] as grete as a pese. a1475 (Sloane) (1862) 45 (MED) Take boyled water wyth honey swete, Sethe in þy pesone þat ben so sete. 1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin i. f. xxviii Make pylles of them of the byggenesse of pesen. 1580 J. Lyly (new ed.) Ep. Ded. sig. Aiij As like as one pease is to an other. 1629 J. Parkinson ii. lii. 522 The Scottish or tufted Pease..is a good white Pease fit to be eaten. a1637 B. Jonson Magnetick Lady v. vii. 58 in (1640) III Ile clense him with a pill (as small as a pease). 1681 11 Oct. 1/1 Rebellion and Witchcraft are as like as two Pease. 1713 W. Derham viii. vi. 427 It grows bigger to about the size of a large White-Pease. 1779 J. Abercrombie 13 In the regular beds they [sc. mushrooms] arise variously..some as small as pease, some the size of buttons. 1826 23 Sept. 817/1 It merely swallowed a few pease which I put into its beak. 1885 R. Bridges vii. ix. 82 A little bleb, no bigger than a pease. 1982 in J. A. Holm & A. W. Shilling 153/1 One peas. 1994 Spring 10/3 Oats was the main crop processed in the mill, but barley and pease were also brought there. the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > of little worth a1275 Body & Soul (Trin. Cambr. B.14.39) l. 158 in A. S. M. Clark (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan) (1972) 148 Al þis worldis prude nis nout wrid apese [read a pese; a1350 Harl. 2253 peose]. a1300 in C. Brown (1932) 130 (MED) Þanne lyd min hus vppe min nose, off al þis world ne gyffe ihic a pese. c1380 (1879) 5847 (MED) By Mahoun, y nolde ȝyue a pyse for cryst ne al ys myȝte. c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) 5949 (MED) A pese nys worþ þi riche sclaunder. c1450 (?a1400) (Ashm.) 2370 (MED) Loke quare it profet þam a peese, all þaire proud strenth. a1535 T. More (1553) ii. vi. sig. G.ii All our penaunce wythout Christes Passion were not worth a pease. 1598 T. Bastard iv. xxx. 96 He learned Logicke and Arithmetique. Yet neither brauls nor ciphers worth a peaze. 1622 J. Taylor sig. A8 In my hand it lyes..To spoyle it, and not make it worth a Pease. the world > animals > fish > [noun] > spawn a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 124v In march watir is nouȝt wel holsom to drynke, for þanne watir is manliche infecte by scheinge of seed of pesin and mylk of fissch and frogis. 1777–8 R. Wight (MS Bodl. Eng. lang. d.66) 237 The Male Salmon..is said to attend the Female from the Sea, and to observe where she intends to deposit her Pease or Spawn. 1891 R. P. Chope 61 Pease, the hard roe of fishes. 1963 R. M. Nance 123 Peas, the hard roe of fish. the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > other surgical equipment > [noun] > globular body placed in surgical issue 1694 W. Salmon ii. ix. 931/1 Pisa Rubra, Red Pease... These are stronger than the former, and attract Humors more powerfully. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. 1888 F. T. Elworthy Pease-errish, the stubble after a crop of pease has been taken. You'll be sure to vind the birds in the pease-errish, they be 'most always there. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant > blossom 1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials i, in sig. Rr2v Its flower like Pease blooms [florem pisi], but lesser unicolorate and purpureous. 1765 p. xxiii The notion of pease bloom, and weeds being up in the water, is but a meer old woman's rockstaff. 1600 W. Shakespeare iii. i. 177 Bot. Your name honest gentleman? Pea. Pease-blossome . View more context for this quotation 1807 31 Dec. 392 Airing their..pease-blossom breeches. 1911 C. Mackenzie xxix. 257 The very heart of high June and hot July dwelt in that fragrant enclosure. Sweet Johns and Sweet Williams with Dragon flowers and crimson Peaseblossom. 1592 T. Nashe sig. G They mounted into the pease-cart in Cheape-side and preacht. 1664 R. Hooke 8 June in R. T. Gunther (1930) VI. 181 He saw a peas-cart overturned [by a lightning bolt]. 1701 ‘T. Thomas’ 27 Being now in Town, he happens to commit an out-rage by kissing an Old Woman in a Pease Cart. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > stubble the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant > stubble of pea-plants 1789 Suffolk Inventory in (1947) 27 Dec. 558/1 Clover lay & pease eddish. 1804 J. Duncumb Gloss. Peas-eddis, peas-stubble. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > stubble the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant > stubble of pea-plants 1573 T. Tusser (new ed.) f. 21 Whight wheat vpon pease etch, is willing to growe though best vpon fallow. c1425 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Ld. Middleton (1911) 106 in (Cd. 5567) XXVII. 1 (MED) On Holy Thursday even we orden the comyns of the Pesefeld for horsses to be broken. a1639 T. Dekker et al. (1658) ii. i. 20 In the Pease-field? Has she a minde to Codlings already? 1716 B. Church i. 8 They..got..unto the Fence of Capt. Almy's Pease-field. 1801 (ed. 2) 38 For now they ken of ither grist Into their mill: Gaen hame there is nae pease-field mist But which they spill. 1993 ‘E. Peters’ (BNC) 179 Cadfael..had filled in the time by ranging along the bushy edges of his peasefields. the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > protective coverings for plants 1432 in C. Gross (1890) II. 233 Pesehalme 1d. 1669 J. Evelyn (ed. 3) 41 Cover with dry straw, or Pease-hame. 1858 G. Glenny (new ed.) 223/2 Peas-haulm makes an excellent litter. 1957 W. D. Parish 92/2 Peashalm,..Pea-straw. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-pod, pea-shell, or pea seed a1425 J. Wyclif (1871) II. 69 (MED) Þis sone coveitide to fille his beli wiþ pese holes þat þe hogges eten. a1628 J. Carmichaell (1957) No. 1081 Litle sap in widered peis huils. 1664 J. Wilson iii. i. 36 From the Pease-Hulls in the Kennel, the Invention of Shiping. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > stacking or ricking > stack or rick a1325 (Trin. Cambr.) (1929) 329 Un warrott de pois [glossed] a pese reke [a1325 Cambr. pese ris]. a1500 tr. A. Chartier (Rawl.) (1974) 182 We..chase nat owre enemyes like as men myght chase dovis from a pese reke [c1475 Univ. Oxf. peese feeld; Fr. pesiere]. 1707 J. Mortimer (1721) ii. 390 Put your Sheep and Swine to the Pease-rick, and fat them for a market. 1844 30 Dec. 8/3 On Thursday evening last, about 9, a fire..was discovered in a pease-rick. 1546–7 in J. W. Clay (1902) VI. 254 The pese stacke that I have bought. a1722 J. Lauder (1848) II. 662 Some rebells had sheltred a night in a peis-stack in his barne-yard. 1776 D. Herd (ed. 2) II. 121 Another was kiss'd on the green, The third behind the pease stack, Till the mow flew up to her een. the world > food and drink > food > animal food > [noun] > fodder > hay or straw a1325 (Cambr.) (1929) 404 Pernez dunc le pesaz [glossed] pese stre. 1557 T. Tusser sig. A.iii Thy saultfishe well chosen..would be packed vp drie, with pease strawe betwene, least it rot as it lie. 1707 P. Ayres in G. Eland (1947) v. 59 The said Brown replyed that he..understood the method of makeing such pott ashes, & that in makeing thereof he consumed ye pease straw ariseing upon ye said farme. 1922 J. Joyce ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 374 Thou chuff, thou puny, thou got in the peasestraw. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > stubble the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant > stubble of pea-plants ?1523 J. Fitzherbert f. xviii In some places they sowe there whete vpon their pees stubble. 1686 R. Plot ix. 343 They sowe wheat again, upon the brush (as they call it) i.e. upon the peas stubble. 1851 14 Jan. 5/1 Wheat follows the pease stubble, the land receiving 10 loads of dung per acre. a1904 B. Kirkby in at Swad [Westmorland] Tak this bucketful o' pes swads fre t' swine. b. 1557 T. Tusser sig. B.iv For Easter, at Martilmas hange vp a biefe: for pease fed and stall fed, play pickpurse the thiefe. 1580 T. Tusser (new ed.) f. 19v Fat peasefed swine. 1750 W. Ellis 106 Many..will buy our Pease-fed Bacon, in refusal of all other Bacon. C2. In the names of foods made with peas or pea meal. a. 1690 in A. W. C. Hallen (1894) 121 Peasbonocks and turkie eggs. 1722 R. Wodrow (1842) II. 369 A neighbour of his, who has been ploughing, has fed his horses with pease-bonnocks. 1823 W. Scott II. iv. 103 Breaking them [sc. long fasts] with sour milk and pease bannock. 1928 ‘O. Douglas’ viii ‘What would you do’, he asked, ‘if your kail was ower warm?’... ‘Line ma mooth weel wi' pease-bannock an sup awa!’. 1998 F. Robertson in W. Scott 455 Pease-bannock: a bannock made with cheap pease flour. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > [noun] > other types of bread a1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 657 Panis pisacius, pesbred. 1573 J. Davidson in J. Cranstoun (1891) I. 262 Now..glaid to get peis breid and watter caill. 1601 A. Dent 102 He [sc. the covetous man] wil eate Pease-bread, and drinke small drinke. 1832 2 June 137/2 As both..partook of the same pease-bread and milk, which served as their afternoon meal. 1911 A. Warrack 403/2 Pease-bread year, a year towards the close of the 18th century, when peasemeal was used as a substitute for oatmeal and barley-meal. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > porridges > [noun] > brose 1811 W. Aiton 271 A few [late peas] are thrown in among the beans when sown broad~cast. They are..made into meal for a species of pottage called ‘pease-brose’. 1923 R. Thomas v. 52 He was sittin' in his sark sleeves an' suppin' his pease-brose. 1998 (Nexis) 28 Feb. 24 It [sc. peasemeal] can also be made with boiling water into pease brose, stirred up with some butter and dried fruit. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > other types of loaf c1390 (a1376) W. Langland (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. 166 (MED) He barst neih heore Ribbes, Nedde Pers wiþ a peose lof I-preyed him to leue. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > porridges > [noun] ?1548 J. Bale iv. sig. Eiiijv They loue no pese porrege, nor yet reade hearynges in lent. 1669 S. Pepys 7 Apr. (1976) IX. 511 This house being famous for good meat, and perticularly pease-porridge. 1795 J. Farington 1 Nov. (1923) I. xxxi. 107 It is so corrupted by filth..in its passage through the Metropolis as to become almost of the colour of pease porridge. 1858 C. Seymour 295 We have no eatables whatever, except some pease-porridge, which is rather thin—only pease and water. 1993 F. Kippax (BNC) 10 Sit down and eat your cold pease porridge. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > porridges > [noun] 1600 R. Armin sig. F2 In Lent when pease pottage beare great sway. 1670 J. Eachard 20 [He] had much better chuse to live with nothing but Beans and Pease-Pottage. 1749 (new ed.) III. 167 On Saturdays, Pease Pottage and Bread and Butter. 2001 (Nexis) 10 Oct. 29 Pease pottage, a stewed dish with bits of meat, peas and grain consumed in [seventeenth-century] England where peas were a flourishing field crop. b. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > [noun] > soup with pulses 1706 (new ed.) Oils (for Fish-Days) are also prepar'd with Peas-soop, several sorts of Fish, Roots and Pulse. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Split-pease, husked peas, split for making pease-soup or pease-puddings. 1996 31 Jan. b1/1 They'll imagine Jane [Austen]..tucking into Summer Pease Soup. 1996 R. Allsopp 434/2 Peas-soup, a thick soup made with a large amount of crushed peas, esp pigeon-peas. C3. the world > food and drink > food > animal food > [noun] > fodder > hay or straw 1573 T. Tusser (new ed.) f. 22 With strawisp, & pease bolt, wt ferne & ye brake, For sparing of fewell, some brew & do bake. 1673 J. Ray S. & E. Countrey Words in 74 Pease-bolt, i.e. Pease-straw, Ess. 1565–6 in P. A. Kennedy (1962) 81 2 geyse a gander 3 duckes... The barly earth and the peyse earth. 1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. (rev. ed.) v. xvii. 550 Neither is it euer sowne vpon the fallowes, but vpon the Pease-earth. 1620 G. Markham xvi. 145 To breake vp Pease earth, which is to lye to baite. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > other root vegetables the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > heath-pea 1548 W. Turner sig. B.iiij Astragalus..may be called in english peaserthnut. 1693 (Royal Soc.) 17 826 Lathyrus tuberosus, call'd..Pease-Earthnut, digg'd up and eaten by the poor People. 1728 R. Bradley Lathyrus Arvensis sive terrae Glandes, Pease Earth-Nuts. These Earth-Nuts have divers weak..Stalks running upon the Ground..the Leaves are small, usually two set together upon a Branch, with a Clasper at the End of each [etc.]. 1760 J. Lee 310/2 Nut, Pease Earth, Lathyrus. 1597 J. Gerard ii. 1054 The first is called Lathyrus,..in English Pease euerlasting, great wilde Tare, and Cichling. 1789 J. Pilkington I. viii. 443 Lathyrus hirsutus, Rough podded Vetchling, or Pease-everlasting. 1796 W. Withering (ed. 3) III. 634 Lathyrus..latifolius... Broad-leaved Pease-everlasting, or Vetchling. the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > reaping tools > sickle > types of 1545 in P. A. Kennedy (1962) 15 A payre of pothockes..a gyrdene forkes shovelles Spades peesehockes a hedgynge bylle. a1642 H. Best (1984) 60 Then doe wee seeke out our pease-hookes, grinde them [etc.]. 1771 A. Young II. xviii. 365 The shoots above the flowers were cut off with a pease hook. the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > uprooting tool 1583 Inventory 19 Aug. in (1981) 18 Two peasmeakes and an old mudde scuppit. 1678 in G. F. Dow (1920) III. 225 Three howes, haye hooke, pease meage, spanshakil, 8s. 1765 Chron. in 117/1 They fell upon [them] with such arms as they had, pease-makes, hedge-stakes, etc. society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > representations of vegetation > [noun] > other vegetation a1325 (Cambr.) (1929) 329 Un warrott de pois [glossed], a pese ris [v.rr. pese reke, pese wiff, rees peys, stowke pese]. Derivatives 1629 J. Parkinson 338 Purplish pease-like blossomes. 1725 R. Bradley at Lupin The Pease-like Sort of Seeds. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † peasev.Origin: Probably of multiple origins. A borrowing from French. Probably also partly a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: French paiser , paisier , apaisier ; appease v. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman paiser, peser, peiser, pesser and Old French, Middle French (Picardy) paisier to make peace, to reconcile (1st quarter of 12th cent. in Anglo-Norman), to become calm (1370–1402), aphetic form of apaisier appease v. In later use probably also aphetic < appease v. Compare peace v.Spellings with -ss- and -c- apparently indicate the existence of forms with a voiceless final consonant, probably after or reinforced by peace n. Obsolete. 1. society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > bringing about concord or peace > bring to peace (strife or discord) [verb (transitive)] > reconcile (people) c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Otho) 4380 Þenche of mine neode, and paise [c1275 Calig. sæhtne] me wiþ Romleode. c1390 (Vernon) (1950) 20 (MED) Who schal pese me wiþ þe sone ȝif þe Moder beo my fo? a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 17083 (MED) Ur blisced leuedi nu be, And pais us wit þi suet sun. c1450 (?a1400) (Ashm.) 5362 (MED) I prai þe for þi prouidence pesse now my childire. 1485 W. Caxton tr. sig. lij/1 Alle..that were at debate he peased them & accorded. a1652 R. Brome Madd Couple Well Matcht i. i, in (1873) I. 2 He has..peec'd me with my Unkle. society > armed hostility > peace > pacification > make peace [verb (intransitive)] society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > bringing about concord or peace > become at peace with each other [verb (intransitive)] c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon (Otho) 4408 Ich wole..alaski him of care, and paisi wiþ Cesare. c1325 (c1300) (Calig.) 3371 (MED) Þo he adde..ypaised [v.r. paysed] wiþ is fon To þe kontasse he wende aȝen. c1384 (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Coloss. i. 20 In hym it pleside to gidere al plente for to inhabite, and by him alle thingis for to be reconsylid in to hym, he pesynge [a1425 L.V. made pees; L. pacificans] by the blood of his cross. a1425 (a1400) (1916) Coloss. i. 20 (MED) Þurgh hym al þyngys to reconsyle in hym, he pesande þurgh þe blood of his cros. 1611 J. Speed ix. vii. 474/2 The two kings peaced againe, and setled a new..league. society > armed hostility > peace > pacification > make (peace) [verb (transitive)] > pacify (strife or contention) society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > bringing about concord or peace > bring to peace (strife or discord) [verb (transitive)] > settle (a dispute) c1330 (Auch.) (1882) 1161 (MED) Leef on mahoun..& ich wole pese, ȝef þou wilt, Þat þou hauest garsie a-gult. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) ii. 97 (MED) Þus gate was þat werre pesed. c1410 G. Chaucer (Harl. 7334) 98 Good drynk..wol torne rancour and desese To accord and loue and many racour [read rancour] pese [v.r. peese; c1405 Ellesmere apese]. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine 427 b/2 To pease alle dyscordaunce and stryf. a1500 in R. H. Robbins (1952) 157 Tyll y be sewre of youre hartys ese, Nothing but hit may my greuys pese! 1542 T. Becon sig. E.iijv Able to pease ye deuine wrath. c1580 ( tr. (1927) III. ii. 6933 To peis this weir. 3. the world > action or operation > inaction > quietness or tranquillity > make quiet or tranquil [verb (transitive)] c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring (1891) lxxxviii. 10 (MED) Þou lord-shippest þe pouste of þe seo; þou for-soþe pesest [v.r. slakest; L. mitigas] þe stiryng of hys flodes. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 11307 Whan þat dynne was wele pesed. a1425 (a1400) (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 4320 He sal trobel the se when he wille, And pees it and make it be stille. a1500 in C. Brown (1939) 225 (MED) Ful gret clamour þan gunne þou pese Whan sche accused was of cryme. 1526 Acts xv. 12 The multitude was peased and gaue audience. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara (1546) sig. G.viiiv This good emperour laboured to peace [1535, 1536 pease] this furie of the people, and to set peace among the neyghbours of Rome. 1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil x. ii. 110 Quhen he spak all ceissit The heuinlie hie hous of goddis, was peissit. a1627 W. Fowler tr. Petrarch Triumphs in (1914) I. 74 Lat them the vulgar people peace. the world > action or operation > inaction > quietness or tranquillity > be quiet or tranquil [verb (intransitive)] > become quiet or tranquil c1450 (?a1400) (Ashm.) 4159 (MED) Sone as þe wedire wex wele & þe wynde pesid..þan ferd þai forth. society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > bringing about concord or peace > bring to peace (strife or discord) [verb (transitive)] society > armed hostility > peace > pacification > make (peace) [verb (transitive)] > pacify (a place or community) a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 171 He occupiede Babilonia and pesede [?a1475 anon. tr. hade reste with; L. pacificavit] þe Schytes. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1882) VIII. 27 He pesede [?a1475 anon. tr. stablede in pease; L. pacificavit] myȝtiliche þe londes of his heritage. a1400 (a1325) (Gött.) l. 8372 Þe kingriche..þu it wan wid mekil pin, And alsua þu had gret malese For to stabil it, and to pese [a1400 Vesp. to stabul it in þin pes, a1400 Trin. Cambr. to stabul hit in pese]. a1425 Rev. Methodius in J. Trevisa (1925) 107 (MED) Þan þe lond schal be peesid, þat of hem was destruyed. 1497 J. Alcock (de Worde) sig. Ciijb Obedyence..peasith all ye worlde. 1548 (Art. Peace c. 7) f. lxx That realme..to be defended, peased and gouerned after right and equitie. the mind > emotion > calmness > compose or make calm [verb (transitive)] society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > atonement > atone for [verb (transitive)] a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng (Harl.) 12058 Shryfte..peseth God whan he ys wroþe. (Harl. 221) 395 Peesyd, or qwemyd, pacificatus, pacatus. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich (1932) III. l. 21739 (MED) Tyl that pesed & agreed ȝe be of al þat he wrowhte jn rebellyte. 1520 vii. f. 157/1 For to peas the comyns the Duke of Suffolke was exyled. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus I. John Pref. 5 Whiche doeth so peyse the minde that it be not tossed. 1561 T. Norton & T. Sackville iii. i Their death and myne must peaze the angrie Gods. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng (Harl.) 5568 (MED) Þey mowe peyse [v.r. pese] here dedys ylle. c1450 (Harl. 6580) (1933) 216 (MED) No-thynge profitez to bere an emty wombe two days or thre if fastynge be peysede by fulsumnes. 1598 B. Yong tr. J. de Montemayor ii. vi. 318 Such a little fauour thou hast done me, Little it is, in sooth, if it be peased With all my teares. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.eOE v.c1300 |
