pean.²

Brit.

/piː/, U.S.

/pi/

Forms: 1600s– pea, 1900s– P (colloquial), 1900s– pay (Irish English (northern)); English regional (northern and midlands) 1800s– pai, 1800s– pay, 1800s– peea, 1800s– peigh, 1800s– pey; Scottish pre-1700 (in compounds) 1800s– pey, 1800s paa (northern), 1800s– pea, 1800s– pei, 1900s– pee- (Shetland, in compounds), 1900s– pi- (in compounds).

Origin: Formed within English, by back-formation. Etymon: pease n.

Etymology: Back-formation < pease n., interpreted as a plural.With sense 1b compare earlier cow-pea n. at cow n.¹ Compounds 3 and pigeon pea n.

I. Senses relating to seeds.

a. Any of the spherical, typically green seeds of the plant Pisum sativum (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)) (see sense 3), which grow in elongated pods and are eaten as a vegetable, or as a pulse when dried. Also with distinguishing word.mange-tout, marrowfat, partridge, sugar snap pea, etc.: see the first element. See also mushy peas n. at mushy adj. Compounds.green peas: see green pea n. at green adj. and n.¹ Compounds 1d(c).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea

peaseeOE

pea1666

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > pulse > [noun] > pea

peaseeOE

pea1666

roly-poly1784

1666 R. Boyle Origine Formes & Qualities vii. iii. 131 A little vegetable bud..not so big..as a Pea.

1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire v. 107 Much smaller, not exceeding the Rouncival pea..in bigness.

1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 49 Some words are used in both numbers, as Sheep..Pease..but it is better to say in the Singular Pea, in the Plural Peas.

1789 J. Adam Pract. Ess. Agric. II. viii. i. 160 A green grain..shaped almost like a pea beginning to form in its pod.

1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 84 We cross the two first fingers of one hand, and place a pea in the fork between them.

1889 G. Gissing Nether World III. i. 10 They ordered their peas from the City, thus getting them at two shillings a sack less than the price formerly paid.

1940 ‘Gun Buster’ Return via Dunkirk ii. vii. 142 Veal cutlets, tinned peas, cheddar cheese and vin rouge awaited me at the Command Post.

2000 Big Issue 20 Mar. 12/1 My girlfriend makes a blinding fishfingers, chips and peas.

b. Any of the edible seeds of several other plants of the family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae), esp. (in the West Indies and the southern United States) the pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan, and the cowpea, Vigna unguiculata.Frequently in rice and peas n. at rice n.² Phrases (also peas and rice).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > pulse > [noun] > pea > other peas

garden pea1573

rathe-ripe1677

pigeon pea1683

sugar pea1707

marrowfat1731

moratto1731

maple pea1732

egg-pea1744

petits pois1820

pea1866

fill-basket1881

string-pea1891

vining pea1959

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 282 The peculiar form of these peas [sc. chick-peas] has given rise to the specific name of the plant arietinum.

1890 W. McAllister Society as I have found It 97 ‘What is pea pie?’ I asked. ‘Cow peas and bacon,’ was the answer.

1930 B. S. Rhett 200 Years Charleston Cooking 59 (heading) Peas and rice pilau.

1947 E. N. Burke Stories told by Uncle Newton II. 8 Some people call the midday meal ‘lunch’ but we always called it dinner on Sundays. As usual it consisted of a half moon of rice and peas; a few blocks of yams, [etc.].

1971 Bahamas 23 iii. 33/1 Being a true native son [of the Bahamas], Sidney Poitier sometimes has irresistible urges to devour such disastrous delicacies as pea ‘n’ rice or pea soup.

1973 Advocate-News (Barbados) 22 Jan. 13/3 (advt.) Today's menu: Fried and boiled chicken,..dry peas or split peas and rice.

1993 H. N. Thomas Spirits in Dark xix. 218 Soon a large table was set up with pots of stewed goat, rice and peas, and vegetables.

2. The round (and poisonous) seed of a laburnum (cf. pea tree n. 2). rare.

ΚΠ

1842 T. Aird in Dumfries Herald Oct. When ripe, the peas are glossy-black as jet, and much sought after by bits of country lasses for making necklaces of beads.

2000 Irish Times (Nexis) 31 May 17 They had been having a tea party in the garden and were eating the ‘peas’ from the laburnum tree.

II. Senses related to plants.

a. Chiefly with distinguishing word: any of numerous leguminous plants, wild or cultivated, more or less resembling the cultivated pea plant.asparagus, beach, cow, desert, glory, milk, pigeon-, sweet, Tangier pea, etc.: see the first element.

ΚΠ

1683 G. Sinclair Nat. Philos. Improven 4 The husk or hool of the mouse-pea (as we call it), or the wild vetch.

1712 Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 386 Its Flowers and Pods resemble our Wood-Pea.

1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Pisum English Sea Pea..is found wild upon the Shoar in Sussex, and several other Counties.

1783 J. O. Justamond tr. G. T. F. Raynal Philos. Hist. Europeans in Indies (new ed.) V. 319 This shrub is called the Angola pea.

1794 J. Wolcot Pindariana (1795) 177 The fragrant pea with blooms so thick, That curls her tendrils round a rotten stick.

1861 Amer. Agriculturist Jan. 5/1 Everlasting Pea (Lathyrus latifolius.)—A perennial red flowering pea, growing 6 feet high, and requiring a trellis or other support.

1896 Melburnian 28 Aug. 53 The trailing scarlet kennedyas, aptly called the ‘bleeding-heart’ or ‘coral pea’.

1907 W. G. Freeman & S. E. Chandler World's Commerc. Products 260 Pigeon Pea or Dhol of commerce..is an erect sub-shrubby plant..widely cultivated in the tropics.

1994 J. Updike Brazil i. 5 His blue rubber sandals from Taiwan he had tucked beneath a clump of beach-pea at the edge of the sidewalk.

b. The hardy annual climbing plant Pisum sativum (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)), cultivated in many varieties, which has large papilionaceous flowers succeeded by long pods, each containing a row of edible round seeds (see sense 1a).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant

peaseeOE

peavine1675

pea1699

1699 J. Evelyn Acetaria 136 Another Process for the raising early Peas and Beans.

1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Pisum The sort of pea which is always used for this purpose is the dwarf; for all other sorts ramble too much to be kept in frames.

a1767 M. Bruce Ode to Cuckoo in Poems (1770) 109 Soon as the pea puts on the bloom.

1861 Amer. Agriculturist July 195/2 Tomatoes—Train to trellises of lath, or support with frames of poles, or brush, as for peas.

1872 R. D. Blackmore Maid of Sker II. xliii. 255 To go away from my home and garden..with no one to..sow a row of peas.

1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. iv. 74 In the pea, the tendril is a modified leaflet, the terminal one of the compound leaf.

1991 Gardener Jan. 55/4 Sow in greenhouse: early peas and broad beans to plant out in spring.

c. With distinguishing word: any of several wild varieties or numerous cultivated varieties of Pisum sativum.field, grey, mange-tout, maple pea, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > other types of pea or pea-plant

rouncival1570

garden pea1573

field pease1597

vale-grey1615

rose pea1629

hotspur1663

seven-year pea1672

rathe-ripe1677

huff-codc1680

pigeon pea1683

hog-pease1686

shrub pea1691

field pea1707

pea1707

crown pea1726

maple rouncival1731

marrowfat1731

moratto1731

pig pea1731

sickle-pea1731

hog pea1732

maple pea1732

marrow pea1733

black eye?1740

egg-pea1744

magotty bay bean1789

Prussian1804

maple grey1805

partridge pea1812

Prussian blue1822

scimitar1834

marrow1855

fill-basket1881

string-pea1891

mattar1908

vining pea1959

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 106 The common sort of white Pea doth best in a light Land that is somewhat rich.

1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Pisum The Species are [sixteen]..2..Hot-spur Pea... 3..Dwarf Pea... 6..Sickle Pea... 8..Green Rouncival Pea. 9..Grey Pea... 11..Rose Pea... 14..Union Pea. 15..English Sea Pea. 16..Pig Peas.

1765 Museum Rusticum 3 Index Grey Peas not to be harrowed in on a chalky soil.

1858 I. S. Homans & I. S. Homans Cycl. Commerce & Commerc. Navigation at Peas The common garden pea (Pisum sativum), and the common gray or field pea (Pisum arvense), are the most generally cultivated.

1882 Garden 15 July 38/2 From the Isle of Wight comes the pretty Blue Pea.

1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants French-Peas, an old name for garden Peas.

1948 G. D. H. Bell Cultivated Plants Farm xii. 104 The arvense forms are commonly referred to as ‘field peas’ because they used to be the only agricultural peas cultivated in this country.

1980 K. Thear in K. Thear & A. Fraser Small Farmer's Guide to Raising Livestock & Poultry (U.S. ed.) ii. 59/1 Traditionally, pigeons were given a mixture of home-ground maize, maple peas, dari and wheat.

III. Extended uses.

4. Something small and round like a pea.

a. The pea-sized egg(s) or roe of certain fishes. Also more fully pea-roe, †pea-spawn. Now regional (British and North American).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > [noun] > spawn

peasesa1398

rawna1425

rown1440

roec1450

kelka1475

spawn1491

roan1525

redd1547

pea1758

1736 J. Gyles Mem. Odd Adventures & Signal Deliverances vi. 27 Thus lying together the Female [Salmon] ejects a Spawn, like a Pea; the Male a Sperm like Milk, which sink among the Gravel.]

1758 R. Griffiths Descr. Thames 172 The Female [Salmon] discharges her Pea or Spawne.

1773 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 64 120 A roe, which is here [sc. in Ireland] called a pea.

1802 G. V. Sampson Statist. Surv. Londonderry 330 The ova, or pea [of salmon], continue in the sand or gravel for three months.

1837 J. Kirkbride Northern Angler 88 The pea-roe is tried when the river is clear, for killing brandlings, or par.

1876 G. B. Goode Animal Resources U.S. 40 Baits... Pea-roe of cod, (used in French sardine-fisheries).

1890 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) Pea-spawn.

1956 C. R. Fay Life & Labour in Newfoundland 20 The roes should be broken to pieces into a tub of water and stirred round with a stick till every particle or pea be separated from each other.

1963 R. M. Nance Gloss. Cornish Sea-words 123 Pay-raw, paisy-raw, the hard or ‘pea’ roe of a fish.

b. More fully pea-coal. Pieces of coal of a very small size; one of these.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > coal or types of coal > [noun] > small, refuse, impure, or coal-dust

slackc1440

smith coal1466

smithy coal1482

coal dusta1529

panwood1531

smith's coal1578

kirving1599

culm1603

coom1611

small coal1643

smit1670

smut1686

slag1695

duff1724

duff coal1724

small1780

gum1790

stinking coal1803

cobbles1811

nubbling1825

stinkers1841

rubble1844

pea1855

nuts1857

nut coal1861

slap1865

burgee1867

smudge1883

waste1883

treble1901

coal smut1910

gumming1938

nutty slack1953

1855 Sci. Amer. 13 Jan. 139/4 I first used the coarse coal, then the nut size, and for three years I have burned the pea coal (that is the cheapest kind), and all with satisfaction.

1880 Bradstreet's 2 Oct. 5/4 The sizes used are ‘lump’, ‘steamboat’, ‘broken’, and ‘pea’; while for family use the sizes are ‘egg’, ‘stove’ and ‘nut’.

1886 J. Barrowman Gloss. Sc. Mining Terms 50 Peas, coal a grade smaller than nuts.

1930 Engineering 5 Dec. 708/1 The employment of anthracite duffs in place of washed grains and peas.

1949 Black Diamond 26 Feb. 54/3 Prices range as follows:..nut and pea, $3.50–$4.50.

1980 Blair & Ketchum's Country Jrnl. Oct. 96/2 Pea and nut coals, the most commonly sold for home stoves, are in the ½- to 1½-inch size.

†c. A small, low gas flame. Cf. peak n.⁵ and adv. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > [noun] > flame or blaze > small flame > small point of flame

peek1838

pea1890

peekiea1893

1890 S. Baring-Gould Pennycomequicks 43 There was gas in the room, turned down to a pea when not required for light.

5. colloquial (now Australian). [In allusion to the pea used by a thimblerigger.] A competitor, esp. a racehorse, likely or generally favoured to win; the favourite in a contest; a person in a strong or favourable position.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > horse racing > [noun] > horse by performance

lightweight1773

sticker1779

maiden1807

favourite1813

mile-horse1829

outsider1836

heavyweight1857

stayer1862

stoner1862

rank outsider1869

pick1872

pot1874

timer1881

resurrectionist1883

short head1883

pea1888

cert1889

stiffa1890

wrong 'un1889

on the mark1890

place horse1890

top-weight1892

miler1894

also-ran1895

selection1901

loser1902

hotpot1904

roughie1908

co-favourite1922

readier1922

springer1922

fav1935

scratch1938

no-hoper1943

shoo-in1950

scorer1974

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > racehorse > favourite

good thing1735

favourite1813

pea1888

cert1889

selection1901

nap1926

nap selection1927

stickout1930

shoo-in1950

1888 Sporting Life (Philadelphia) 11 Dec. 4/4 Sweeny..forced the fighting, and was still the pea when ‘Time!’ was called.

1891 Licensed Victuallers' Gaz. 20 Mar. 187/3 Well, Albert, now what is the pea? we asked, hurrying towards the paddock.

1911 E. Dyson Benno xvi. 206 Mr. Dickson..ran his eye down the card and chanced it. ‘Dandy's the P,’ he said. ‘Put yer whole week's wash on Dandy, 'n hold me responsible if the goods ain't delivered.’

1969 M. Calthorpe Defectors iii. 17 ‘For the time being, I'm satisfied.’ ‘You're the pea,’ Mick said.

2000 Australian (Nexis) 14 Aug. 13 Newman is a Tasmanian. On the same state-balance imperative that would make Senator Eric Abetz the pea for her slot. But the betting is the vacancy will go to Western Australia.

Phrases

P1. as like as two peas (and variants, now esp. (like) two peas in a pod): extremely similar; indistinguishable.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > identity > the same [phrase]

(arrows) of the same flight1545

as like as milk to milk1638

as like as two peas1746

1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. in Euphues (new ed.) Ep. Ded. sig. Aiij As like as one pease is to an other.

1681 Heraclitus Ridens 11 Oct. 1/1 Rebellion and Witchcraft are as like as two Pease.]

1746 A. Arbuthnot Life Simon, Lord Lovat 191 My next Brother was a Cadet in a Marching Regiment, and hath since got to be a Lieutenant-Colonel so [sic] the Regiment, thro' the interest of the Cardinal, who is as like as two Peas.

1778 F. Burney Evelina I. xxi. 156 As like..as two peas are to one another.

?1840 J. B. Buckstone Jack Sheppard ii. i. 23 The likeness of your face to a miniature I have in my pocket... As like as two peas in a pod.

1864–8 R. Browning James Lee's Wife ix. iii We both should be like as pea and pea.

1958 H. J. Eysenck Sense & Nonsense in Psychol. (rev. ed.) iii. 119 This price..has been the unmitigated boredom produced by having to read through countless reports, all as similar as two peas.

1986 F. Peretti This Present Darkness xvi. 155 All the regents were becoming like peas in a pod, like clones of each other.

P2. Caribbean (chiefly Trinidad). like peas: in large quantities; in great numbers; to a considerable extent. licks like peas: repeated blows; a sound thrashing or trouncing (chiefly figurative, often in sporting contexts); cf. lick n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > a great quantity, amount, or degree [phrase] > in large quantities

by (also at, in) wholesale1417

in great1447

by greatc1475

by the whole1592

by the yard1845

in block1870

in bulk1908

like peas1959

1959 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 2 June 12/4 We've won and will again. If we resign now, it will be licks like peas again.

1967 M. Anthony Green Days by River x. 67 This place have alligators like peas!

1989 Guardian (Nexis) 20 Nov. ‘Licks like fire, licks like peas, we're gonna bring the USA to their knees,’ goes one [football] chant.

2016 Fensic www.trinispeak.com 11 June (blog, accessed 25 Nov. 2020) One day, ah new supermarket open... People like peas line up outside dis new place.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

pea bloom n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant > blossom

pease bloom1657

pea bloom1714

pea blossoma1746

pea-flower1824

1714 Philos. Trans. 1713 (Royal Soc.) 28 207 Leguminose or Pea-bloom Plants.

1855 W. Allingham Choice in Day & Night Songs 2nd Ser. iii Pea-bloom winglets.

1987 Washington Post (Nexis) 15 Feb. g2 These plain wild locusts with their clusters of fragrant white pea blooms are the trees they call acacia in parts of Europe.

pea blossom n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant > blossom

pease bloom1657

pea bloom1714

pea blossoma1746

pea-flower1824

a1746 M. Leapor Poems upon Several Occasions (1751) 250 Nor the young Daisy dress'd in Morning Dew; Nor the Pea Blossom wears a brighter Hue.

1895 G. Allen Woman who Did ii. 19 They started for a long stroll across the breezy common, yellow in places with upright spikes of small summer furze and pink with wild pea-blossom.

1991 Birder's World Apr. 42/2 The hummer went contentedly about its business of gathering nectar from the pea blossoms.

pea crop n.

ΚΠ

1732 W. Ellis Pract. Farmer 39 This [weed] I cannot say will utterly destroy the Pea-Crop, but will so cripple it, as not to be a quarter Value.

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 371 The produce of the pea-crop is either in abundance or a complete failure.

1990 Farmer's Weekly (Perth) 25 Oct. 11/3 Doublegee has the greatest potential to cause problems in next year's crop paddocks, especially in lupin and pea crops.

pea field n.

ΚΠ

1771 L. Carter Diary 6 Sept. (1965) II. 622 I have a greater expectation from my Peafield than I really had before.

1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 337 Stack, the corn left in a barley or pea field, after the crop has been carried.

1972 D. Haston In High Places iii. 44 The trip was planned in the pubs of the pea-fields of Kent, where we had been supplementing our meagre incomes.

pea patch n.

ΚΠ

1820 Times 18 Dec. 2/2 The work at Fort Washington, on this river, will be completed early in the next spring; and that on the Pea Patch, in the Delaware, in the course of the next season.

1941 J. Stuart Men of Mountains 120 Tear off the damn Dingus silk shirts..for to make skeery-cows out'n for the pea patch!

1991 Amer. Horticulturist July 17/1 When I find a woodchuck in the pea patch, a camera is not the first thing I reach for.

pea plant n.

ΚΠ

1839 Times 11 Apr. 7/3 From a pea plant (glyoyntriza glabra) is obtained the inspissated juice called liquorice.

1877 tr. H. C. Andersen Dream Little Tuk & Other Stories 120 Pea plants hung down over the boxes, and the rose-bushes shot forth long twigs.

1985 Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 828 336/2 Pea plants were shown to contain at least four molecular forms of glutamine synthetase.

pea pudding n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > puddings > [noun] > other puddings

alker1381

moile1381

tansyc1450

tansy-cakea1475

hasty pudding1598

hodge-puddinga1616

bread pudding1623

marrowbone pudding1623

marrow-pudding1631

turmeric puddinga1704

Indian pudding1722

Westminster fool1723

pease pudding1725

pone1725

bread and butter pudding1727

custard pudding1727

purry1751

tartan-purry1751

tansy-pudding1769

vermicelli pudding1769

skimmer-cake1795

dogsbody1818

kugel1823

stickjaw1827

kheer1832

pea pudding1844

dough1848

mousseline1876

mousse1885

goose-pudding1892

payasam1892

tartan1893

malva puddinga1981

1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 239 An excellent leg of pickled pork, served with pea-pudding.

2000 Canberra Times (Nexis) 22 Mar. a16 Prime beef ragout on a steamed pea pudding served on beetroot confit.

pea rick n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > stacking or ricking > stack or rick

moweOE

rickeOE

pease-ricka1325

stackc1330

tassc1330

rucka1382

hayrick14..

haystack14..

sedge reekc1440

hay-mow1483

hay-goaf1570

rack1574

hovel1591

scroo1604

mow-stack1611

sow1659

corn-rick1669

bean-rick1677

barley-mow1714

pea rick1766

rickle1768

bike1771

stacklet1796

bean-stack1828

1766 J. W. Baker in Compl. Farmer at Turnep I gave my sheep access to some pea-ricks.

1873 Times 21 Apr. 8/2 The boiler of a portable threshing-machine burst.., setting fire to..a pea rick, some straw and hay ricks, and the whole of the farm buildings.

pea root n.

ΚΠ

1732 W. Ellis Pract. Farmer 35 By this Way your Pea-Roots, are secured against the Summer Drought.

1854 Sci. Amer. 23 Dec. 115/1 The yellow ray exerts a repellent influence upon the roots, giving the wheat a downwards, and the pea-roots a lateral impulse.

1938 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 24 437 It has been shown..that the pea root synthesizes vitamin B₁..from a mixture of the pyrimidine and thiazole components of the vitamin molecule.

1999 New Phytologist 143 439/1 The enzyme was inhibited by the cytokinins kinetin and kinetin riboside, which were also demonstrated to inhibit the growth of the pea roots.

pea seed n.

ΚΠ

1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Feb. v. 35 When Horse-bean and Pea-seed are to be sown together..the stated Allowance..is..two-third Parts Beans, and one-third Part Pease.

1891 Overland Monthly Dec. 572/2 Orders were received for pea seeds to the amount of more than a ton.

1985 Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 828 337/1 Glutamine synthetase from pea seeds..was first obtained in purified (50% purity) state by Elliott.

pea-sized adj.

ΚΠ

1850 G. H. G. Jahr Alphabet. Repertory Skin-symptoms 14 Groups of vesicles upon a red base, surrounding the trunk like a belt, increasing in a few days to pea-sized pustules.

1876 J. B. L. Warren Soldier of Fortune iv. iii. 336 I'd have all seas Searched..To bring you neck-pearls large as robin's eggs, While other queens string on their scanted breasts A puny pea-sized row.

1996 Independent 23 Sept. i. 20/1 Melatonin..is a hormone produced by the pineal gland, a pea-sized organ at the centre of the brain.

C2.

pea and bean weevil n. chiefly British a striped weevil, Sitona lineatus (family Curculionidae), which is a common pest of peas, beans, and other plants of the family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae) in Europe and parts of North America, making characteristic semicircular notches in the leaves; also called pea leaf weevil.

ΚΠ

1884 W. Crozier & P. Henderson How Farm Pays ix. 272 The curculio or plum weevil..is a small beetle, akin to the pea and bean weevil.

1909 F. V. Theobald Insect & Other Allied Pests 115 Mr. Bickham of Ledbury sent Pea and Bean Weevils.., stating that they were numerous in parts of Herefordshire, in the crowns of strawberry plants.

2003 Arable Farming (Nexis) 29 Apr. 30 In slow growing crops with low night temperatures, cabbage thrips..and pea and bean weevil will be more damaging than usual.

pea aphid n. a common aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, which feeds on the sap of leguminous plants and is found worldwide as a pest of peas and other legumes; also green pea aphid.

ΚΠ

1903 Bull. Delaware Agric. Exper. Station No. 16. 416 There were a good many pea aphids on the vines, but not enough to destroy them.

1916 Rep. State Entomologist & Plant Pathologist Virginia 1914–15 62 The green pea aphid..has, for the past fifteen years, been causing serious losses to the pea growers in eastern Virginia.

1970 J. M. Byagagaire in J. D. Jameson Agric. in Uganda (ed. 2) xiv. 245/1 The main pest of peas in Kigezi is the green pea aphid.

2009 Meadow Lake (Sask.) Progr. (Nexis) 14 Aug. Dry conditions and insects—primarily grasshoppers, wheat midge and pea aphids—are causing the majority of crop damage.

pea bean n. a variety of haricot bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris) with rounded seeds about the size of a pea, grown esp. for use in tinned baked beans; (also) a seed of this plant.

ΚΠ

1778 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. 22 Aug. 1776 As I mean..to sow pea-beans for the sake of the halm,..I will, at all events, cut them under-ripe.

1875 R. W. D. Bryan Let. in C. H. Davis Narr. North Polar Exped. (1876) App. 669 The following is a complete list of the provisions and stores deposited in Thank-God Harbor..: 1 barrel pea-beans.

2002 Americas (Nexis) 1 Nov. 58 Pea beans baked in bacon and tomato sauce are a New England tradition.

pea beetle n. = pea weevil n. (a).

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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Phytophaga or Chrysomeloidea > family Bruchiidae or Lariidae > member of genus Bruchus > bruchus pisi (pea weevil)

pea-bug1757

pea beetle1777

pea weevil1796

pea-chafer1882

1777 Farmer's Mag. July 204 Dr. Linnæus in his Systema Naturae calls this insect Branchus Pisi, or the pea beetle.

1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (ed. 2) I. ii. 32 A cargo, or even a sample, of peas from North America might present us with that ravager of pulse, the pea-beetle (Bruchus Pisi, L.).

1986 M. Chinery Insects Brit. & W. Europe 282 Pea Beetle Bruchus pisorum... A serious pest of peas. Legless grubs develop in growing pods.

pea-blower n. now rare = pea-shooter n.

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society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > toy weapons > [noun]

poop1489

pellet1553

trunk1553

elder-gun1600

popgun1649

spitter1688

pluff1695

whistling arrowa1718

pea-shooter1782

pea gun1812

detonating ball1814

pea-blower1821

pen-gun1821

pipegun1828

torpedo1831

spring gun1837

putty blower1861

tweaker1862

pluffera1866

bean-shooter1890

putty shooter1896

water pistol1897

stink bomb1915

cap-pistol1920

cap-gun1931

laser gun1961

1821 W. Irving Let. 7 Oct. (1978) I. 648 The three eldest boys kept the house in misery for two or three days by pea blowers.

1913 A. F. Irvine My Lady of Chimney-corner 91 I sat..whittling an alder stick into a pea-blower.

1982 S. B. Flexner Listening to Amer. 63 Children were..shooting bean-shooters by 1889 (they were first called pea-blowers, in 1821, then pea-shooters by the 1860s).

† pea-bone n. Anatomy Obsolete rare the pisiform bone of the wrist.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Pea-bone, the pisiform bone of the wrist: so called from its size and shape.

pea-bough n. = pea stick n.

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the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > stake for plants

fork1389

incrementc1420

stakingc1440

stay1577

stick1577

bean-wood1584

pea stick1745

beanpole1798

stickings1800

bean-stick1823

pea-stake1840

flower-stick1881

pea-bough1885

trainer2004

1885 St. James's Gaz. 2 Jan. 6/1 ‘Branchy’ pieces..are sorted into ‘pea-boughs’ and fagot-wood.

1910 R. Kipling Rewards & Fairies 350 He..pointed through an opening to the patch of beech-stubs, chestnut, hazel, and birch that old Hobden would turn into firewood, hop-poles, pea-boughs, and house faggots before Spring.

1990 Field Jan. 76/2 There is a growing demand for firewood for Scandinavian-type wood-burning stoves; garden centres have need of poles, stakes, hurdles and pea-boughs.

pea-brain n. colloquial (derogatory) a stupid or empty-headed person; an idiot, a fool; (also) the supposedly tiny brain of such a person.

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the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > stupid person, dolt, blockhead > [noun]

asseOE

sotc1000

beastc1225

long-ear?a1300

stock1303

buzzard1377

mis-feelinga1382

dasarta1400

stonea1400

dasiberd14..

dottlec1400

doddypoll1401

dastardc1440

dotterel1440

dullardc1440

wantwit1449

jobardc1475

nollc1475

assheada1500

mulea1500

dull-pate15..

peak1509

dulbert?a1513

doddy-patec1525

noddypolla1529

hammer-head1532

dull-head?1534

capon1542

dolt1543

blockhead1549

cod's head1549

mome1550

grout-head1551

gander1553

skit-brains?1553

blocka1556

calfa1556

tomfool1565

dunce1567

druggard1569

cobble1570

dummel1570

Essex calf1573

jolthead1573

hardhead1576

beetle-head1577

dor-head1577

groutnoll1578

grosshead1580

thickskin1582

noddyship?1589

jobbernowl1592

beetle-brain1593

Dorbel1593

oatmeal-groat1594

loggerhead1595

block-pate1598

cittern-head1598

noddypoop1598

dorbellist1599

numps1599

dor1601

stump1602

ram-head1605

look-like-a-goose1606

ruff1606

clod1607

turf1607

asinego1609

clot-poll1609

doddiea1611

druggle1611

duncecomb1612

ox-head1613

clod-polla1616

dulman1615

jolterhead1620

bullhead1624

dunderwhelpa1625

dunderhead1630

macaroona1631

clod-patea1635

clota1637

dildo1638

clot-pate1640

stupid1640

clod-head1644

stub1644

simpletonian1652

bottle-head1654

Bœotiana1657

vappe1657

lackwit1668

cudden1673

plant-animal1673

dolt-head1679

cabbage head1682

put1688

a piece of wood1691

ouphe1694

dunderpate1697

numbskull1697

leather-head1699

nocky1699

Tom Cony1699

mopus1700

bluff-head1703

clod skull1707

dunny1709

dowf1722

stupe1722

gamphrel1729

gobbin?1746

duncehead1749

half-wit1755

thick-skull1755

jackass1756

woollen-head1756

numbhead1757

beef-head1775

granny1776

stupid-head1792

stunpolla1794

timber-head1794

wether heada1796

dummy1796

noghead1800

staumrel1802

muttonhead1803

num1807

dummkopf1809

tumphya1813

cod's head and shoulders1820

stoopid1823

thick-head1824

gype1825

stob1825

stookiea1828

woodenhead1831

ning-nong1832

log-head1834

fat-head1835

dunderheadism1836

turnip1837

mudhead1838

donkey1840

stupex1843

cabbage1844

morepork1845

lubber-head1847

slowpoke1847

stupiditarian1850

pudding-head1851

cod's head and shoulders1852

putty head1853

moke1855

mullet-head1855

pothead1855

mug1857

thick1857

boodle1862

meathead1863

missing link1863

half-baked1866

lunk1867

turnip-head1869

rummy1872

pumpkin-head1876

tattie1879

chump1883

dully1883

cretin1884

lunkhead1884

mopstick1886

dumbhead1887

peanut head1891

pie-face1891

doughbakea1895

butt-head1896

pinhead1896

cheesehead1900

nyamps1900

box head1902

bonehead1903

chickenhead1903

thickwit1904

cluck1906

boob1907

John1908

mooch1910

nitwit1910

dikkop1913

goop1914

goofus1916

rumdum1916

bone dome1917

moron1917

oik1917

jabroni1919

dumb-bell1920

knob1920

goon1921

dimwit1922

ivory dome1923

stone jug1923

dingleberry1924

gimp1924

bird brain1926

jughead1926

cloth-head1927

dumb1928

gazook1928

mouldwarp1928

ding-dong1929

stupido1929

mook1930

sparrow-brain1930

knobhead1931

dip1932

drip1932

epsilon1932

bohunkus1933

Nimrod1933

dumbass1934

zombie1936

pea-brain1938

knot-head1940

schlump1941

jarhead1942

Joe Soap1943

knuckle-head1944

nong1944

lame-brain1945

gobshite1946

rock-head1947

potato head1948

jerko1949

turkey1951

momo1953

poop-head1955

a right one1958

bam1959

nong-nong1959

dickhead1960

dumbo1960

Herbert1960

lamer1961

bampot1962

dipshit1963

bamstick1965

doofus1965

dick1966

pillock1967

zipperhead1967

dipstick1968

thickie1968

poephol1969

yo-yo1970

doof1971

cockhead1972

nully1973

thicko1976

wazzock1976

motorhead1979

mouth-breather1979

no-brainer1979

jerkwad1980

woodentop1981

dickwad1983

dough ball1983

dickweed1984

bawheid1985

numpty1985

jerkweed1988

dick-sucker1989

knob-end1989

Muppet1989

dingus1997

dicksack1999

eight ball-

the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > [noun] > type of

feather-brain1776

pea-brain1938

1938 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 2 Dec. 20/2 So the pea-brains rattle into office to represent the welfare of the citizens of this warm and sunny clime.

1977 D. Ramsay You can't call it Murder iii. 172 Meredith wanted to know if Judith had really ‘put the idea of shooting out light bulbs into that pea brain’.

1997 M. Fabi Wyrm i. 17 Not that I've ever actually met one of those pea-brains.

pea-brained adj. colloquial (derogatory) stupid, dull-witted, foolish; having a supposedly tiny brain.

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the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective]

sloweOE

stuntc960

dullOE

hardOE

stuntlyc1000

sotc1050

dillc1175

dulta1225

simplea1325

heavy1340

astonedc1374

sheepishc1380

dull-witteda1387

lourd1390

steerishc1411

ass-likea1425

brainless?a1439

deafc1440

sluggishc1450

short-witted1477

obtuse1509

peakish1519

wearish1519

deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520

doileda1522

gross1526

headlessa1530

stulty1532

ass-headed1533

pot-headed1533

stupid?1541

sheep's head1542

doltish1543

dumpish1545

assish1548

blockish1548

slow-witted1548

blockheaded1549

surd1551

dull-headed1552

hammer-headed1552

skit-brained?1553

buzzardly1561

witless1562

log-headeda1566

assy1566

sottish1566

dastardly1567

stupidious1567

beetle-headed1570

calvish1570

bluntish1578

cod's-headed1578

grout-headed1578

bedaft1579

dull-pated1580

blate1581

buzzard-like1581

long-eared1582

dullard1583

woodena1586

duncical1588

leaden-headed1589

buzzard1592

dorbellical1592

dunstical1592

heavy-headeda1593

shallow-brained1592

blunt-witted1594

mossy1597

Bœotian1598

clay-brained1598

fat1598

fat-witted1598

knotty-pated1598

stupidous1598

wit-lost1599

barren1600

duncifiedc1600

lourdish1600

stockish1600

thick1600

booby1603

leaden-pated1603

partless1603

thin-headed1603

leaden-skulledc1604

blockhead1606

frost-brained1606

ram-headed1608

beef-witted1609

insulse1609

leaden-spirited1609

asininec1610

clumse1611

blockheadly1612

wattle-headed1613

flata1616

logger-headeda1616

puppy-headeda1616

shallow-patedc1616

thick-brained1619

half-headed1621

buzzard-blinda1625

beef-brained1628

toom-headed1629

thick-witted1634

woollen-witted1635

squirrel-headed1637

clod-pated1639

lean-souled1639

muddy-headed1642

leaden-witteda1645

as sad as any mallet1645

under-headed1646

fat-headed1647

half-witted1647

insipid1651

insulsate1652

soft-headed1653

thick-skulleda1657

muddish1658

non-intelligent1659

whey-brained1660

sap-headed1665

timber-headed1666

leather-headeda1668

out of (one's) tree1669

boobily1673

thoughtless1673

lourdly1674

logger1675

unintelligenta1676

Bœotic1678

chicken-brained1678

under-witted1683

loggerhead1684

dunderheaded1692

unintelligible1694

buffle-headed1697

crassicc1700

numbskulled1707

crassous1708

doddy-polled1708

haggis-headed1715

niddy-noddy1722

muzzy1723

pudding-headed1726

sumphish1728

pitcher-souleda1739

duncey1743

hebete1743

chuckheaded1756

dumb1756

duncely1757

imbecile1766

mutton-headed1768

chuckle-headed1770

jobbernowl1770

dowfarta1774

boobyish1778

wittol1780

staumrel1787

opaquec1789

stoopid1791

mud-headed1793

borné1795

muzzy-headed1798

nog-headed1800

thick-headed1801

gypit1804

duncish1805

lightweight1809

numbskull1814

tup-headed1816

chuckle-pate1820

unintellectuala1821

dense1822

ninnyish1822

dunch1825

fozy1825

potato-headed1826

beef-headed1828

donkeyish1831

blockheadish1833

pinheaded1837

squirrel-minded1837

pumpkin-headed1838

tomfoolish1838

dundering1840

chicken-headed1842

like a bump on a log1842

ninny-minded1849

numbheadeda1852

nincompoopish1852

suet-brained1852

dolly1853

mullet-headed1853

sodden1853

fiddle-headed1854

numb1854

bovine1855

logy1859

crass1861

unsmart1861

off his chump1864

wooden-headed1865

stupe1866

lean-minded1867

duffing1869

cretinous1871

doddering1871

thick-head1873

doddling1874

stupido1879

boneheaded1883

woolly-headed1883

leaden-natured1889

suet-headed1890

sam-sodden1891

dopey1896

turnip-headed1898

bonehead1903

wool-witted1905

peanut-headed1906

peanut-brained1907

dilly1909

torpid-minded1909

retardate1912

nitwitted1917

meat-headed1918

mug1922

cloth-headed1925

loopy1925

nitwit1928

lame-brained1929

dead from the neck up1930

simpy1932

nail-headed1936

square-headed1936

dingbats1937

pinhead1939

dim-witted1940

pea-brained1942

clueless1943

lobotomized1943

retarded1949

pointy-headed1950

clottish1952

like a stunned mullet1953

silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954

out to lunch1955

pin-brained1958

dozy1959

eejity1964

out of one's tiny mind1965

doofus1967

twitty1967

twittish1969

twatty1975

twattish1976

blur1977

dof1979

goofus1981

dickheaded1991

dickish1991

numpty1992

cockish1996

1942 H. K. Smith Last Train from Berlin ii. 45 I insulted Doctor Goebbels' changé for the American press, a small, pea-brained individual named Karl Freelich.

1975 Time 7 July 1/1 Vapid, pea-brained, nonsense-spouting but gorgeous young men of the world.

2000 New Scientist 23 Sept. 25/3 And right at the top of the food chain were monstrous, pea-brained beasts like Giganotosaurus—throwbacks to the allosaurs of an earlier age.

pea-bug n. colloquial (a) = pea weevil n. (a); (b) a woodlouse (cf. pill bug n. at pill n.³ Compounds 2).

ΘΚΠ

pea-bug1757

pea beetle1777

pea weevil1796

pea-chafer1882

1757 L. Carter Diary 22 Aug. (1965) I. 169 It grows like unto the pea bugg which being a later embrio is to be seen in the green pea a Small blackish speck and appears to be perforated through the pod.

1790 Pennsylvania Packet 30 Mar. 1/4 Damage to crops by insects, especially the Hessian-fly,..the pea-bug, and the corn chinch-bug or fly.

1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. 114 Pea-bug, the wood-louse.

1895 Westm. Gaz. 11 May 3/1 Another horror has supervened in the shape of a pea bug..which attacks market gardens.

1922 D. H. Lawrence Fantasia of Unconscious vi. 43 Morning, with rain in the sky, and the forest subtly brooding, and me feeling no bigger than a pea-bug between the roots of my fir.

2003 Bath Chron. (Nexis) 13 Jan. 19 In three neighbouring villages [in Wiltshire], the humble insect [sc. the woodlouse] had three different names, and others included ‘old granfers’, ‘sowbugs’ and ‘peabug’.

pea bulb n. a very small round electric light bulb.

ΚΠ

1928 Times 8 May 10/4 The number of lamps exported has doubled since 1912, though this probably includes a large proportion of ‘pea’ bulbs for flashlamps.

1970 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 319 277 The cross-beam source was a tungsten pea bulb operated from a stabiized d.c. supply.

2002 Sun Herald (Sydney) (Nexis) 2 June 40 Millions and millions of pea bulbs all around the architectural lines of the building.

pea-bush n. †(a) Obsolete. rare, a cultivated pea plant ( Pisum sativum); (b) any of various Australian leguminous shrubs, esp. of the genus Sesbania (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)).

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the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > non-British shrubs > [noun] > Australasian

banksia1787

waratah1793

honeysuckle1803

pinkwood1824

honeysuckle tree1825

rose1825

blue bush1828

dogwood1828

parrotbill1829

tulip-tree1830

whitebeard1832

swamp-oak1833

bauera1835

mungitec1837

bottlebrush1839

clianthus1841

glory-pea1848

boronia1852

koromiko1855

pituri1861

Sturt's pea1865

scrub vine1866

pea-bush1867

cotton-bush1876

Australian honeysuckle1881

peach myrtle1882

saloop bush1884

naupaka1888

dog rose1896

native tulip1898

snow bush1909

wedding-bush1923

Hebe1961

mountain pepper1965

1867 S. Hayden Washington & his Masonic Compeers 17 In the garden, where he often amused himself hacking his mother's pea-bushes, he unluckily tried the edge of his hatchet on the body of a beautiful young English cherry-tree.

1881 T. Archer Remarks proposed Queensland Trans-Continental Railway 18 The pea-bush, a species of sesbania, also found abundantly on the flooded flats of the Gilbert, growing in patches, or more open scrubs, to a height of from ten to fifteen feet.

1981 A. B. Cribb & J. W. Cribb Useful Wild Plants Austral. 207 Sestania benthamiana (S. aculeata) Sesbania Pea, Pea-bush... The dried stems were used by the Aborigines as drills for making fire.

† pea-chafer n. Obsolete rare = pea weevil n. (a).

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pea-bug1757

pea beetle1777

pea weevil1796

pea-chafer1882

1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) (at cited word) Pea-beetle... Called also Pea-bug, Pea-chafer, and Pea-weevil.

pea-coal n. see sense 4b.

pea coffee n. U.S. (now historical) a beverage made by boiling roasted peas in water.

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the world > food and drink > drink > coffee > [noun] > coffee substitutes

rye coffee1766

pea coffee1805

dandelion coffee1852

chicory1853

Postum1895

1805 T. E. White Jrnl. 14 July (1904) 24 I drank three or four cups of pea coffee and then went to bed.

1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick ii. 10 The very spot for cheap lodgings, and the best of pea coffee.

2003 Caterer & Hotelkeeper (Nexis) 24 July 18 Round off the meal with petit fours and a warming mug of republican pea coffee made from dried peas ground into a powder.

pea comb n. a triple comb occurring in some varieties of domestic fowl (from its supposed resemblance to a pea blossom).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > member of (fowl) > parts of > comb

comba1000

coxcomb?a1425

cockcomb?c1475

rose comb1815

pea comb1854

1854 Poultry Chron. 1 270 Their buffs, cinnamons, and grouse with pea combs.

1884 W. Crozier & P. Henderson How Farm Pays viii. 236 The Dark Brahma has a variegated plumage of black and white..and a small pea comb.

2000 Cornish World Oct. 21/1 It..looks like the archetypal cartoon chicken, every curve more pronounced than your average hen, its movement more strutting, its pea comb more erect.

pea-combed adj. (of a fowl) having a pea comb.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [adjective] > having specific appearance

pea-combed1855

1855 Poultry Chron. 3 23/1 Pea-combed Brahmas £1 1s. per dozen.

1922 R. C. Punnett Mendelism (ed. 6) 32 The pea-combed bird contains the factor for pea but not that for rose.

1990 Amer. Naturalist 136 46 Siegel and Dudley..found that pea-combed individuals were subordinate to single- (larger-) combed birds in mixed flocks.

pea crab n. any of various small crabs of the genus Pinnotheres or family Pinnotheridae, which live commensally in the shells of bivalve molluscs such as mussels and oysters.

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the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Brachyura (crab) > member of family Pinnotheridae (pea-crab)

pinnothere1601

oyster crab1756

pea crab1836

pinna-guardian1854

pill crab1872

1836 Entomol. Mag. 3 85 (title) The Metamorphoses and Natural History of the Pinotheres, or Pea-Crabs.

1901 M. Newbigin Life by Seashore x. 202 The tribe Catometopa..includes the curious pea-crab, Pinnotheres pisum, found inside the bivalves.

1978 G. Durrell Garden of Gods iv. 88 It was he..who had got me the biggest clam shell in my collection and, moreover, with the two tiny parasitic pea-crabs still inside.

1995 P. J. Hayward et al. in P. J. Hayward & J. S. Ryland Handbk. Marine Fauna N.W. Europe viii. 459/2 Crustaceans... Infraorder Brachyura 20. Pinnotheridae... Pinnotheres pisum (Linnaeus). Pea crab.

pea-dodger n. Australian slang (now rare) a bowler hat.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > made of specific material > felt > bowler hat

pot hat1580

hard hat1845

plug hat1860

bowler1861

billycock1862

boxer1863

bullycock1865

Christy1869

Christy stiff1882

hard hitter1883

pea-dodgera1914

blocker1934

dut1939

bun hat1941

a1914 J. P. Bourke Off the Bluebush (1915) 137 He wore a small pea-dodger hat Upon his massive brow.

1933 Bulletin (Sydney) 5 Apr. 12/3 ‘Elizabeth Owen’:..the different terms applied to ‘bowler’ hats—I have also heard them called ‘egg-boiler’ and ‘pea-dodgers’.

1959 S. J. Baker Drum (1960) ii. 133 Peadodger, a bowler hat.

pea dove n. a dove, Zenaida aurita, of the West Indies and Florida.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Columbiformes (pigeons, etc.) > [noun] > family Columbidae > genus Zenaida (mourning dove)

mourning dove1833

whitewing1834

pea dove1847

1847 P. H. Gosse & R. Hill Birds of Jamaica 308 The Pea-dove is frequently seen in the middle of dusty high-roads.

1949 V. S. Reid New Day ii. xiv. 237 No mourning songs came from peadoves this day.

1998 R. Carr Brixton Bwoy i. 16 There were many tasty birds to catch, like the pea dove, the ground dove and the white-winged and barby doves.

† pea-dropper n. Obsolete a device for sowing peas singly.

ΚΠ

1869 Sci. Amer. 22 May 333/2 Pea Dropper.—A. J. Williams, Barnesville, Ga.

1876 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. (new ed.) III. 1643/2 Pea-dropper, an implement for planting pease in hills. It resembles the corn-planter in material respects.

pea-finch n. English regional the chaffinch, Fringilla coelebs.

ΚΠ

1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 97 Pea-finch, or Pie-finch,..the chaffinch.

1968 C. E. Jackson Brit. Names of Birds 36 Chaffinch..pea-finch Glos., Midlands.

pea-flour n. (also pea-flower) flour or meal made from dried split peas.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > flour > [noun] > flour from non-cereals

flour1660

tapioca1707

cassava1750

wood-meal1758

pea-flour1766

gram flour1820

nardoo1861

banana flour1890

soya1897

chickpea flour1913

garri1926

soy1945

bean-flour-

1766 J. W. Baker in Compl. Farmer at Turnip [The bullock] took kindly to the turnips; and on the sixteenth I began to give him, with his turnips, pea-flower [= pea-flour].

1881 P. B. Du Chaillu Land Midnight Sun I. 394 Fladbrōd is made from an unfermented dough of barley and oat-meal, often mixed with pea-flour.

1995 M. Lewis Singapore: Rough Guide 130/1 (Gloss.) Cendol, coconut milk, palm sugar syrup and pea-flour noodles poured over shaved ice.

pea gravel n. gravel consisting of small stones similar in size to peas (also called peastone).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > stony material > [noun] > gravel or shingle > gravel > type of

flood gravelc1420

river gravel1600

blue metal1699

slither1811

flint-gravel1865

plateau gravel1872

duck-gravel1885

peastone1909

pea gravel1911

1911 Times 1 Mar. 19/1 The Commissioners of His Majesty's Works and Public Buildings are prepared to receive tenders for the supply of road materials (Channel Island granite,..gravel, pea gravel, and Kentish flints) for a period of one year.

1962 R. Page Educ. Gardener x. 277 I devised a very simple arrangement of areas of fine pea gravel and panels of grass.

1992 In-Fisherman Feb. 55/3 Guido visually searched 10 pea-gravel coves and one steep-sided chunk-rock cove for cruising and bedding bass.

pea grit n. (a) Geology pisolitic limestone; (b) = pea gravel n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > limestone > pisolite

peastone1770

pea grit1834

pisolite1845

1834 R. I. Murchison Outl. Geol. Cheltenham 12 The lowest member of the Inferior Oolite... It is of a rusty brown colour, and is in great part made up of small flat concretions... It is called ‘Pea Grit’ by the country people, and is a useful stone, when employed for gate-posts and other rough work.

1865 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms (ed. 2) 352 Pea-grit, a coarse pisolitic limestone..composed of concretionary bodies.

1984 Systematic Zool. 33 351/1 Smith uses taphonomic criteria to reconstruct the environment during deposition of the Jurassic Pea Grit Series in England.

2001 Exotic & Greenhouse Gardening June 87/1 To aid root growth, small gravel or pea grit should be added to the compost.

pea gun n. a pea-shooter.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > toy weapons > [noun]

poop1489

pellet1553

trunk1553

elder-gun1600

popgun1649

spitter1688

pluff1695

whistling arrowa1718

pea-shooter1782

pea gun1812

detonating ball1814

pea-blower1821

pen-gun1821

pipegun1828

torpedo1831

spring gun1837

putty blower1861

tweaker1862

pluffera1866

bean-shooter1890

putty shooter1896

water pistol1897

stink bomb1915

cap-pistol1920

cap-gun1931

laser gun1961

1812 W. Scott Let. 17 Jan. (1932) III. 62 The passengers had a good deal of fun with me for I remember being persuaded to shoot one of them with a pea-gun.

1872 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. July 454/2 I gave my pea-gun.

2003 Halifax (Nova Scotia) Daily News (Nexis) 20 Apr. 37 It was discovered by Scotland Yard that all the boys had were pea guns.

pea-hook n. a hook for reaping peas.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > reaping tools > sickle > types of

staff-hook?1523

pease-hook1545

brush-scythe1573

grass hook1665

swipe1742

twibill1763

pea-hook1840

swap-hook1863

1743 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman (Dublin ed.) May iii. 30 Others have used the..six Foot long Pea-hook to strike off their Heads.

1840 C. Howard Farming at Wauldby 110 in Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) III They are cut down either with the scythe, or the pea-hook.

1916 N.E.D. at Twibill A reaping-hook used in cutting beans and peas; a pea-hook.

pea-hull n. the shell or pod of a pea.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-pod, pea-shell, or pea seed

peascodc1390

pease-hulla1425

pippina1450

squash1600

pea-hull1717

pea-cod1721

pea shell1744

pea pod1772

shaup1822

1717 A. Ramsay Elegy Lucky Wood v Poor facers now may chew pea-hools, Since Lucky's dead.

1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Huel,..the hull, outer skin or shell of a nut, of grain, or of a pea. A pea-huel or pea-swad is a pea-pod.

1995 Charleston (W. Virginia) Daily Mail (Nexis) 25 Mar. 7 a I thrashed off the peahulls while he shoveled up the peas.

pea lamp n. = pea bulb n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > electric light > [noun] > used to indicate that something is switched on

pilot lamp1884

pea lamp1921

pilot light1929

pilot1973

1921 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 100 56 The pea-lamp circuit was made for an instant as the shot came past three contacts.

1938 G. H. Sewell Amateur Film-making ii. 20 The glowing filament of a pea lamp.

1980 D. J. Glencross in Proc. Eighth Internat. Symp. Attention & Performance vi. 111 Above and slightly behind the right response key was a neon pea lamp that served as the stimulus for the arm sweep response.

pea leaf weevil n. now chiefly North American = pea and bean weevil n.

ΚΠ

1894 Times 25 Dec. 9/3 Clover..has had in some places ‘red maggot’ at the root; beans, the bean-seed weevil; and peas, the very destructive pea-leaf weevil.

1972 L. A. Swan & C. S. Papp Common Insects N. Amer. xx. 483 The Pea Leaf Weevil, S. lineata, is confined to the Pacific Northwest and California, where it is a pest of peas, vetch, red clover, and alfalfa primarily, and of strawberries occasionally.

1998 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 16 May h14 This pest..is the Pea Leaf Weevil. The adult is gray-brown and about 2mm long with a blunt snout.

pea maggot n. a caterpillar which infests pea plants; the larva of the pea moth.

ΚΠ

1872 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 342/1 Pea maggot, the caterpillar of a small moth (Tortrix or Grapholitha pisi), which lays its eggs in young pods of peas.

1952 Times 28 May 5/6 (advt.) The Pea Moth makes a habit of laying her eggs on growing peas. This may be good for the pea moth maggot, but is a serious menace to the farmer.]

2002 Daily Tel. 17 Aug. 6 The judge will open one pod in each dish..to make sure that there is no evidence of the pea maggot.

pea-make n. English regional an implement with a curved blade, used for reaping peas, etc.; = pease-meak n. at pease n. Compounds 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > uprooting tool

meak1478

pease-meak1583

grubber1598

grub-axe1611

dog1727

pea-make1794

hop-dog1796

eradicator1807

stub-dig1837

stub-hoe1858

grub-hoea1884

grub-hook1884

1794 Suffolk Inventory in Notes & Queries (1949) 8 Jan. 2/1 4 iron wedges, pea makes.

1834 New Monthly Mag. 42 421 The poachers had armed themselves with peamakes (a long staff with a curved knife at the end, with which peas are cut).

1970 G. E. Evans Where Beards wag All viii. 88 Much of the technical vocabulary of the pre-tractor farmers of East Anglia have Old English roots: words like..meake (or make, pea-make).

† pea-measle n. Veterinary Medicine Obsolete rare the larva of the canine tapeworm Taenia pisiformis, occurring as a cyst in rabbits.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Pea-measle, the Cysticercus pisiformis, a measle or cysticercoid of some animals, as the rabbit, being the scolex or hydatid form of Tænia serrata, a tapeworm of the dog.

pea moth n. a noctuid moth, Cydia nigricana, whose larvae infest pea plants.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Eucosomidae > larva of cydia nigricana (pea-moth)

pea moth1881

1881 E. A. Ormerod Man. Injurious Insects 131 Pea Moth... The caterpillars of this Moth cause the ‘worm-eaten’ or ‘maggoty’ Peas often found in old pods.

1931 G. S. Chappell Gardener's Friend 153 The lupines..have inherited from their lowly ancestry an appeal to..wire-worms and pea moths.

1986 Power Farming Oct. 22/4 As the crop is grown for seed, two insecticide sprays are needed to control pea moth.

pea mussel n. a small, brownish, rounded freshwater bivalve mollusc of the genus Pisidium (family Sphaeriidae or Pisidiidae), having fused siphons.

ΚΠ

1950 Sci. News 15 91 Some aquatic animals, such, for example, as certain kinds of midge larvae and pea mussels, are able to live a long time in lake water almost completely devoid of oxygen.

1986 R. Fitter & R. Manuel Freshwater Life Brit. & N.-W. Europe xix. 192 Pisidium spp. (Pea Mussels)... The numerous species of this very common genus range in size from 2–7 mm long; only P. amnicum becomes larger than this.

2001 tr. L.-H. Olsen et al. Small Freshwater Animals 139 Neither mussels nor snails are found in acidic lakes, as there is insufficient calcium in the water for them to construct their houses or shells. Pea mussels are the exception.

pea ore n. Geology pisolitic iron ore.

ΚΠ

1840 W. Humble Dict. Geol. Pea ore..is the pisiform iron-stone of Kirwan.

1872 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 342/1 Pea ore, a form of compact brown iron ore (hydrated peroxide of iron), consisting of round smooth grains, from the size of mustard-seed to that of small pease.

1931 Jrnl. Ecol. 19 271 (title) Summary of studies upon lake-lime, pea-ore, and lake-gyttje in Danish lakes.

1992 D. Dixon Pract. Geologist 30/3 Limonite... Varieties—Bog ore, pea ore, and ocher.

pea-picker n. a person who picks peas.

ΚΠ

1841 Lancet 2 Oct. 29/1 From her occupation, which was that of a pea-picker, she had been exposed to the vicissitudes of the weather.

1954 Jrnl. Southern Hist. 20 336 The rustic radicals of the forest and the redneck pea pickers of the hill country.

2004 R. S. Street Photographing Farmworkers Calif. vi. 125/1 Twenty-five hundred men, women, and children..rescued..‘by the chance visit of a government photographer’ to a pea-picker's camp in San Luis Obispo County.

pea-picking adj. and n. (a) adj. that picks peas; (b) n. the action of picking peas.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > picking or gathering > [noun] > pea-gathering

pea-picking1697

vining1928

1697 W. Mountfort Life of Dr. Faustus iii. 18 I'll after 'em, cheating Villains..a parcel of..Yellowing, Peas-picking..Dogs.

1802 J. Baillie Second Marriage iv. v, in Series of Plays II. 451 She is but a poor pea-picking girl from St. Giles's, that has scarcely been a month in the country.

1901 Daily Chron. 7 Aug. 7/7 Instances in which children had started to work pea picking as early as two o'clock in the morning, and then had put in a full day at school.

1976 Telegraph-Jrnl. (St. John, New Brunswick) 31 Aug. 17/1 Tons of peas pour past..as a peapicking machine harvests 40 acres.

† pea-rake n. Obsolete a rake adapted for gathering peas, incorporating a cutter to separate the pods from the stems.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > rake > other types of rake

muckrake1366

wording hook1605

swath-rake1652

dew-rake1659

pick1777

twitch rake1798

tooth-rakec1830

pea-rake1867

buck-rake1893

sea-rake1902

1867 Sci. Amer. 3 Aug. 71/1 Pea Rake.—..This invention relates to a rake for raking peas, and consists in the attachment to an ordinary hand or other rake of a serrated or toothed cutter.

1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Pea-rake, a rake adapted for gathering the field pea.

pea rifle n. now chiefly Australian a rifle with a thick barrel, firing small, round, pea-like bullets.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > rifle > types of

three-o(h)-three1683

air rifle1801

yager1817

big bore1838

seventy-five1840

telescopic rifle1850

Minié rifle1851

needle rifle1856

pea rifle1856

Lancaster1857

six-shooting1858

Whitworth1858

Henry1861

polygroove1863

telescopic-sighted rifle1863

spencer1866

magazine rifle1867

Snider rifle1868

chassepot1869

Martini–Henry rifle1869

Winchester1871

Mauser rifle1872

Martini1876

saloon rifle1881

express1884

express rifle1884

Mannlicher1884

Mauser1887

Lee-Enfield1888

Flobert1890

pump gun1890

take-down1895

two-two1895

Ross rifle1901

hammer-rifle1907

sporter1907

French 751914

twenty-two1925

machine-gun rifle1941

assault rifle1950

assault weapon1968

kalashnikov1970

assault rifle1975

1856 Porter's Spirit of Times 18 Oct. 113/1 Squirrels..may still be barked with the pea-rifle by marksmen.

1965 Bulletin (Sydney) 9 Jan. 30/2 You..had a whale of a time ‘mooning’ possums and wild cats in the moonlight with a fifteen-shilling pea rifle.

1999 Courier Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 8 May 19 A man grabs his pea rifle and rushes to protect his neighbour's property from daylight robbers.

† pea-rice n. [ < pea n.² + rice n.¹] Heraldry Obsolete a representation of a branch of the pea plant, supposedly used as a heraldic device.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > representations of vegetation > [noun] > other vegetation

pease ricea1325

garbc1460

gourd1513

sengreenc1550

orme1688

sag-spear1688

sedge1688

grain-tree1780

pea-rice1780

scrog1780

1780 J. Edmondson Compl. Body Heraldry II. (Gloss.) Pea-Rise, a name given by Heralds to a Pea-stalk leaved and blossomed.

1894 H. Gough & J. Parker Gloss. Terms Heraldry (new ed.) 449 The term pea-rise for pea-stalk with leaves and flowers is given by heraldic writers, but its use in blazon has not been observed.

pea-roe n. see sense 4a.

pea shell n. (a) = pea pod n.; (b) (also pea-shell cockle) = pea mussel n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-pod, pea-shell, or pea seed

peascodc1390

pease-hulla1425

pippina1450

squash1600

pea-hull1717

pea-cod1721

pea shell1744

pea pod1772

shaup1822

1744 Philos. Trans. 1740–41 (Royal Soc.) 41 772 The Pod ff is, in Appearance, composed of a fine whitish Membrane, somewhat like that which lines the Inside of a Pea-shell.

1891 Cent. Mag. Mar. 733/2 Chad's long brown fingers fumbled among the green pea-shells, which he heaped up on one side of the pan.

1945 E. Step & A. L. Wells Shell Life (new ed.) vii. 109 The five species of Pea-shells (Pisidium) may be recognised as such at a glance by their possession of one siphon instead of two.

1953 H. Mellanby Animal Life in Fresh Water (ed. 5) xi. 253 Pea-shell cockles.

1997 Rocky Mountain News (Nexis) 6 Apr. f13 Split the snow pea shells in half along the seams.

pea sheller n. (a) a device for shelling peas; (b) a person who shells peas.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > tools for preparing vegetables

pea sheller1858

rumbler1865

mandolin1927

garlic press1958

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparing fruit and vegetables > [noun] > shelling nuts or peas > one who shells

shaler1611

sheller1694

pea sheller1858

1858 Sci. Amer. 1 May 272/1 Improved pea sheller..the invention of W. J. Stevenson of New York.

1899 Westm. Gaz. 31 May 3/2 The pea~shellers look as if they have been at work for hours.

1902 Westm. Gaz. 29 Sept. 3/1 At the Exhibition was a pea-sheller which will shell fourteen tons in ten hours.

1985 B. Neal Southern Cooking 70 Television must have been invented solely to pass the time for pea shellers.

† pea-shod adj. Obsolete rare (of a pilgrim, etc.) wearing shoes partly filled with peas as a penance.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > penance > [adjective] > characterized by

at, in shriftc1175

penitentc1450

penanced1740

pea-shod1882

1882 S. E. De Morgan Mem. A. De Morgan 8 The two pilgrims who went pea-shod to Loretto.

pea shrub n. any of various leguminous plants that grow as shrubs; esp. one of the genus Caragana (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)) (cf. pea tree n. 1).

ΚΠ

1886 Proc. Royal Geogr. Soc. 8 154 A thorny pea shrub, Alhagi.

1961 N. D. Gershevsky & J. E. Williams tr. S. P. Suslov Physical Geogr. Asiatic Russia xiv. 517 Desert pea shrub (Caragana grandiflora) grows to a height of 30 inches.

2002 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 23 Mar. e7 There are a few plants that you can use that you would not have to bring inside for the winter, such as..all caraganas (flowering pea shrub).

pea-spawn n. see sense 4a.

pea-stake n. = pea stick n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > stake for plants

fork1389

incrementc1420

stakingc1440

stay1577

stick1577

bean-wood1584

pea stick1745

beanpole1798

stickings1800

bean-stick1823

pea-stake1840

flower-stick1881

pea-bough1885

trainer2004

1840 Cottager's Man. 41 in Libr. Useful Knowl., Husb. III Onions protected..by pea-stakes or bushes, from being injured by frosty winds in the spring.

1917 J. D. Duff tr. S. Aksakoff Russ. Gentleman iv. 140 A kitchen garden containing a few sunflowers and young vegetables and rows of peeled pea-stakes.

2003 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 27 June e11 New growth will obscure the pea-stakes.

pea stick n. a stick used to support a garden pea plant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > stake for plants

fork1389

incrementc1420

stakingc1440

stay1577

stick1577

bean-wood1584

pea stick1745

beanpole1798

stickings1800

bean-stick1823

pea-stake1840

flower-stick1881

pea-bough1885

trainer2004

1745 J. MacSparran Let. Bk. (1899) 27 Harry is come home..& has bro't home Pea Sticks.

1855 ‘E. S. Delamer’ Kitchen Garden 170 Secure a supply of pea-sticks for early spring.

1995 Garden (Royal Hort. Soc.) Nov. 684/1 Its rampant stems..require adequate support; pea sticks or netting suit it admirably.

pea straw n. the stalks and leaves of the pea plant, used as fodder or for mulching.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > animal food > [noun] > fodder > hay or straw

hayc825

strawc1000

pease-strawa1325

bean-strawc1386

hard meat1481

quitch?1523

meadow1557

pease-bolt1573

salt hay1648

stover1669

barley-straw1678

marsh hay1728

pea straw1735

chaff1772

long forage1794

bog-hay1799

bhusa1829

peavine hay1846

tibbin1900

slough hay1934

1735 P. Collinson Let. 19 June in J. Bartram Corr. (1992) 11 Cover them Well with Pea Straw.

1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon vii. 184 The small pea-straw or haulm, is commonly used as rack-meat for horses.

1991 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 5 Oct. (Weekend Suppl.) 11/2 I espoused the virtues of the product which was a mixture of pea straw, wheat straw and rice hulls.

pea stubble n. the stubble of pea plants left standing after the crop has been gathered.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > stubble

arrishOE

stub1250

stubble1297

pease stubble?1523

pease-etch1573

gratten1577

stumps1585

brush1686

etch1727

pea stubble1743

pease-eddish1789

stubble1792

shacklea1800

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant > stubble of pea-plants

pease stubble?1523

pease-etch1573

pea stubble1743

pease-eddish1789

1743 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman (Dublin ed.) June iii. 17 Another..fallowed his Pea Stubble Stitches into broad Lands in April.

1847 Bell's Weekly Messenger 22 Feb. 61/6 This [sc. seed] was dibbled between the rows of wheat sown upon a pea stubble.

2002 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 27 Dec. 69 Straw products including lucerne hay and pea stubble are readily available from most garden centres.

pea-urchin n. a very small round sea urchin, Echinocyamus pusillus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Echinoidea > miscellaneous types > echinocyamus pusillus (pea-urchin)

pea-urchin1841

1841 E. Forbes Hist. Brit. Starfishes 176 The Green Pea-Urchin (Echinocyamus pusillus Muller) has been observed on most parts of the coast of Britain from Devon to Shetland, both east and west.

1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands ii. ix. 237 The pea-urchin is particularly common in Herm.

1964 Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. 2 396 Incidental observations on the feeding of the spatangoid heart-urchins..and the clypeasteroid pea-urchin Echinocyamus, have been made by Nichols.

pea-viner n. a machine for picking, washing, and grading peas.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > reaping tools > machine or tool for picking, washing, or grading peas

pick1423

viner1902

tenderometer1938

pea-viner1941

1941 Wisconsin: Guide to Badger State (Federal Writers' Project) iii. xii. 433 A pea viner is on the outskirts of Farmington.

1952 J. W. Day New Yeomen of Eng. ii. 32 This giant pea-viner..deals with a ton of peas an hour. It picks them from the vines, washes, and grades them.

1982 E. Anglian Daily Times 20 Nov. 5 The largest harvester around—the Mather and Platt SB8000 pea viner, soon to be produced in Suffolk.

pea weevil n. (a) any of several small beetles of the genus Bruchus (family Bruchidae) whose larvae infest and destroy pea plants, esp. the North American B. pisorum, now found also in southern Europe and Britain; (b) = pea and bean weevil n.

ΘΚΠ

pea-bug1757

pea beetle1777

pea weevil1796

pea-chafer1882

1796 W. D. Peck Nat. Hist. Cankerworm in Rules & Regulations Mass. Soc. Promoting Agric. 36 How destructive is..the Bruchus Pisi or Pea-Wevil to pease..? Every husbandman can answer.

1882 Garden 8 Apr. 231/2 The common Pea weevil..is very injurious to young Pea and Bean plants.

1931 K. M. Smith Textbk. Agric. Entomol. ix. 135 (heading) Sitona lineata Linn. Pea weevil.

1994 Nature 8 Dec. 509/3 Ephedrine in the diet is toxic to the pea weevil.

Derivatives

ˈpea-like adj.

ΚΠ

1704 Nat. Hist. iii, in L. Wafer New Voy. & Descr. Isthmus Amer. (ed. 2) 204 The Male Hard-tail. Is eight or ten Inches long and two broad, on his Side is a row of round Pea-like black spots sprinkled with blew specks.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 248 Centrosema... The large and elegant pea-like flowers.

1960 Farmer & Stockbreeder 8 Mar. (Suppl.) 10/3 As the name suggests the flavour is pea-like with a dash of asparagus.

1987 K. Rushforth Tree Planting & Managem. (1990) 160/2 In this small genus of legumes the pea-like flowers are carried on branches one to many years old.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	pea
释义	† pean.¹ Forms: early Old English peun (plural), Old English 1600s 1800s pea. Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English pēan. Etymology: In Old English apparently an inferred nominative of pēan, accusative singular (earlier unattested paun , with loss of w before u : see A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram.* (1959) §504 note 1) < a vulgar Latin form (with shortening in the first syllable) of classical Latin pāvōnem , accusative singular of pāvō peacock (see pawn n.²). In later use probably re-formed after peacock n., peahen n., peachick n., peafowl n. Compare po n.¹The assumed Old English nominative form pēa is apparently not attested, although perhaps compare the first element of the place name Peumera (1086), Pyeumere (c1234), Peaumer (1303), now Peamore House, Devon; compare also the Middle English reflex pe (in the compounds peacock n. (compare β forms s.v.), peahen n. (compare β forms s.v.)). Obsolete. rare. A peafowl. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > [noun] > paro cristatus (peafowl) peaeOE peafowlc1790 pavonine1895 eOE Latin-Old Eng. Gloss. (Karlsruhe Aug. 135 (54)) in H. D. Meritt Old Eng. Glosses (1945) 47/2 Pauos, peun. OE Phoenix 312 Se fugel is on hiwe æghwæs ænlic, onlicost pean, wynnum geweaxen, þæs gewritu secgað. 1658 tr. G. della Porta Nat. Magick ii. xiv. 46 The Indian-hen, being mixt of a Cock and a Pea, though the shape be liker to a Pea than a Cock. Compounds † pea-pheasant n. Obsolete = peacock pheasant n. at peacock n. and adj. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > [noun] > member of genus Polyplectron (peacock-pheasant) peacock pheasant1769 pea-pheasant1864 1864 T. C. Jerdon Birds India III. ii. 508 Near the Peafowl should be placed the genus Polyplectron, or Pea-pheasants; often called Argus pheasants. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2020). pean.² Brit. /piː/, U.S. /pi/ Forms: 1600s– pea, 1900s– P (colloquial), 1900s– pay (Irish English (northern)); English regional (northern and midlands) 1800s– pai, 1800s– pay, 1800s– peea, 1800s– peigh, 1800s– pey; Scottish pre-1700 (in compounds) 1800s– pey, 1800s paa (northern), 1800s– pea, 1800s– pei, 1900s– pee- (Shetland, in compounds), 1900s– pi- (in compounds). Origin: Formed within English, by back-formation. Etymon: pease n. Etymology: Back-formation < pease n., interpreted as a plural.With sense 1b compare earlier cow-pea n. at cow n.¹ Compounds 3 and pigeon pea n. I. Senses relating to seeds. 1. a. Any of the spherical, typically green seeds of the plant Pisum sativum (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)) (see sense 3), which grow in elongated pods and are eaten as a vegetable, or as a pulse when dried. Also with distinguishing word.mange-tout, marrowfat, partridge, sugar snap pea, etc.: see the first element. See also mushy peas n. at mushy adj. Compounds.green peas: see green pea n. at green adj. and n.¹ Compounds 1d(c). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea peaseeOE pea1666 the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > pulse > [noun] > pea peaseeOE pea1666 roly-poly1784 1666 R. Boyle Origine Formes & Qualities vii. iii. 131 A little vegetable bud..not so big..as a Pea. 1677 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Oxford-shire v. 107 Much smaller, not exceeding the Rouncival pea..in bigness. 1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 49 Some words are used in both numbers, as Sheep..Pease..but it is better to say in the Singular Pea, in the Plural Peas. 1789 J. Adam Pract. Ess. Agric. II. viii. i. 160 A green grain..shaped almost like a pea beginning to form in its pod. 1830 J. F. W. Herschel Prelim. Disc. Study Nat. Philos. 84 We cross the two first fingers of one hand, and place a pea in the fork between them. 1889 G. Gissing Nether World III. i. 10 They ordered their peas from the City, thus getting them at two shillings a sack less than the price formerly paid. 1940 ‘Gun Buster’ Return via Dunkirk ii. vii. 142 Veal cutlets, tinned peas, cheddar cheese and vin rouge awaited me at the Command Post. 2000 Big Issue 20 Mar. 12/1 My girlfriend makes a blinding fishfingers, chips and peas. b. Any of the edible seeds of several other plants of the family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae), esp. (in the West Indies and the southern United States) the pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan, and the cowpea, Vigna unguiculata.Frequently in rice and peas n. at rice n.² Phrases (also peas and rice). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > pulse > [noun] > pea > other peas garden pea1573 rathe-ripe1677 pigeon pea1683 sugar pea1707 marrowfat1731 moratto1731 maple pea1732 egg-pea1744 petits pois1820 pea1866 fill-basket1881 string-pea1891 vining pea1959 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 282 The peculiar form of these peas [sc. chick-peas] has given rise to the specific name of the plant arietinum. 1890 W. McAllister Society as I have found It 97 ‘What is pea pie?’ I asked. ‘Cow peas and bacon,’ was the answer. 1930 B. S. Rhett 200 Years Charleston Cooking 59 (heading) Peas and rice pilau. 1947 E. N. Burke Stories told by Uncle Newton II. 8 Some people call the midday meal ‘lunch’ but we always called it dinner on Sundays. As usual it consisted of a half moon of rice and peas; a few blocks of yams, [etc.]. 1971 Bahamas 23 iii. 33/1 Being a true native son [of the Bahamas], Sidney Poitier sometimes has irresistible urges to devour such disastrous delicacies as pea ‘n’ rice or pea soup. 1973 Advocate-News (Barbados) 22 Jan. 13/3 (advt.) Today's menu: Fried and boiled chicken,..dry peas or split peas and rice. 1993 H. N. Thomas Spirits in Dark xix. 218 Soon a large table was set up with pots of stewed goat, rice and peas, and vegetables. 2. The round (and poisonous) seed of a laburnum (cf. pea tree n. 2). rare. ΚΠ 1842 T. Aird in Dumfries Herald Oct. When ripe, the peas are glossy-black as jet, and much sought after by bits of country lasses for making necklaces of beads. 2000 Irish Times (Nexis) 31 May 17 They had been having a tea party in the garden and were eating the ‘peas’ from the laburnum tree. II. Senses related to plants. 3. a. Chiefly with distinguishing word: any of numerous leguminous plants, wild or cultivated, more or less resembling the cultivated pea plant.asparagus, beach, cow, desert, glory, milk, pigeon-, sweet, Tangier pea, etc.: see the first element. ΚΠ 1683 G. Sinclair Nat. Philos. Improven 4 The husk or hool of the mouse-pea (as we call it), or the wild vetch. 1712 Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 386 Its Flowers and Pods resemble our Wood-Pea. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Pisum English Sea Pea..is found wild upon the Shoar in Sussex, and several other Counties. 1783 J. O. Justamond tr. G. T. F. Raynal Philos. Hist. Europeans in Indies (new ed.) V. 319 This shrub is called the Angola pea. 1794 J. Wolcot Pindariana (1795) 177 The fragrant pea with blooms so thick, That curls her tendrils round a rotten stick. 1861 Amer. Agriculturist Jan. 5/1 Everlasting Pea (Lathyrus latifolius.)—A perennial red flowering pea, growing 6 feet high, and requiring a trellis or other support. 1896 Melburnian 28 Aug. 53 The trailing scarlet kennedyas, aptly called the ‘bleeding-heart’ or ‘coral pea’. 1907 W. G. Freeman & S. E. Chandler World's Commerc. Products 260 Pigeon Pea or Dhol of commerce..is an erect sub-shrubby plant..widely cultivated in the tropics. 1994 J. Updike Brazil i. 5 His blue rubber sandals from Taiwan he had tucked beneath a clump of beach-pea at the edge of the sidewalk. b. The hardy annual climbing plant Pisum sativum (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)), cultivated in many varieties, which has large papilionaceous flowers succeeded by long pods, each containing a row of edible round seeds (see sense 1a). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant peaseeOE peavine1675 pea1699 1699 J. Evelyn Acetaria 136 Another Process for the raising early Peas and Beans. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Pisum The sort of pea which is always used for this purpose is the dwarf; for all other sorts ramble too much to be kept in frames. a1767 M. Bruce Ode to Cuckoo in Poems (1770) 109 Soon as the pea puts on the bloom. 1861 Amer. Agriculturist July 195/2 Tomatoes—Train to trellises of lath, or support with frames of poles, or brush, as for peas. 1872 R. D. Blackmore Maid of Sker II. xliii. 255 To go away from my home and garden..with no one to..sow a row of peas. 1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. iv. 74 In the pea, the tendril is a modified leaflet, the terminal one of the compound leaf. 1991 Gardener Jan. 55/4 Sow in greenhouse: early peas and broad beans to plant out in spring. c. With distinguishing word: any of several wild varieties or numerous cultivated varieties of Pisum sativum.field, grey, mange-tout, maple pea, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > other types of pea or pea-plant rouncival1570 garden pea1573 field pease1597 vale-grey1615 rose pea1629 hotspur1663 seven-year pea1672 rathe-ripe1677 huff-codc1680 pigeon pea1683 hog-pease1686 shrub pea1691 field pea1707 pea1707 crown pea1726 maple rouncival1731 marrowfat1731 moratto1731 pig pea1731 sickle-pea1731 hog pea1732 maple pea1732 marrow pea1733 black eye?1740 egg-pea1744 magotty bay bean1789 Prussian1804 maple grey1805 partridge pea1812 Prussian blue1822 scimitar1834 marrow1855 fill-basket1881 string-pea1891 mattar1908 vining pea1959 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 106 The common sort of white Pea doth best in a light Land that is somewhat rich. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Pisum The Species are [sixteen]..2..Hot-spur Pea... 3..Dwarf Pea... 6..Sickle Pea... 8..Green Rouncival Pea. 9..Grey Pea... 11..Rose Pea... 14..Union Pea. 15..English Sea Pea. 16..Pig Peas. 1765 Museum Rusticum 3 Index Grey Peas not to be harrowed in on a chalky soil. 1858 I. S. Homans & I. S. Homans Cycl. Commerce & Commerc. Navigation at Peas The common garden pea (Pisum sativum), and the common gray or field pea (Pisum arvense), are the most generally cultivated. 1882 Garden 15 July 38/2 From the Isle of Wight comes the pretty Blue Pea. 1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants French-Peas, an old name for garden Peas. 1948 G. D. H. Bell Cultivated Plants Farm xii. 104 The arvense forms are commonly referred to as ‘field peas’ because they used to be the only agricultural peas cultivated in this country. 1980 K. Thear in K. Thear & A. Fraser Small Farmer's Guide to Raising Livestock & Poultry (U.S. ed.) ii. 59/1 Traditionally, pigeons were given a mixture of home-ground maize, maple peas, dari and wheat. III. Extended uses. 4. Something small and round like a pea. a. The pea-sized egg(s) or roe of certain fishes. Also more fully pea-roe, †pea-spawn. Now regional (British and North American). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > [noun] > spawn peasesa1398 rawna1425 rown1440 roec1450 kelka1475 spawn1491 roan1525 redd1547 pea1758 1736 J. Gyles Mem. Odd Adventures & Signal Deliverances vi. 27 Thus lying together the Female [Salmon] ejects a Spawn, like a Pea; the Male a Sperm like Milk, which sink among the Gravel.] 1758 R. Griffiths Descr. Thames 172 The Female [Salmon] discharges her Pea or Spawne. 1773 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 64 120 A roe, which is here [sc. in Ireland] called a pea. 1802 G. V. Sampson Statist. Surv. Londonderry 330 The ova, or pea [of salmon], continue in the sand or gravel for three months. 1837 J. Kirkbride Northern Angler 88 The pea-roe is tried when the river is clear, for killing brandlings, or par. 1876 G. B. Goode Animal Resources U.S. 40 Baits... Pea-roe of cod, (used in French sardine-fisheries). 1890 Cent. Dict. (at cited word) Pea-spawn. 1956 C. R. Fay Life & Labour in Newfoundland 20 The roes should be broken to pieces into a tub of water and stirred round with a stick till every particle or pea be separated from each other. 1963 R. M. Nance Gloss. Cornish Sea-words 123 Pay-raw, paisy-raw, the hard or ‘pea’ roe of a fish. b. More fully pea-coal. Pieces of coal of a very small size; one of these. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > coal or types of coal > [noun] > small, refuse, impure, or coal-dust slackc1440 smith coal1466 smithy coal1482 coal dusta1529 panwood1531 smith's coal1578 kirving1599 culm1603 coom1611 small coal1643 smit1670 smut1686 slag1695 duff1724 duff coal1724 small1780 gum1790 stinking coal1803 cobbles1811 nubbling1825 stinkers1841 rubble1844 pea1855 nuts1857 nut coal1861 slap1865 burgee1867 smudge1883 waste1883 treble1901 coal smut1910 gumming1938 nutty slack1953 1855 Sci. Amer. 13 Jan. 139/4 I first used the coarse coal, then the nut size, and for three years I have burned the pea coal (that is the cheapest kind), and all with satisfaction. 1880 Bradstreet's 2 Oct. 5/4 The sizes used are ‘lump’, ‘steamboat’, ‘broken’, and ‘pea’; while for family use the sizes are ‘egg’, ‘stove’ and ‘nut’. 1886 J. Barrowman Gloss. Sc. Mining Terms 50 Peas, coal a grade smaller than nuts. 1930 Engineering 5 Dec. 708/1 The employment of anthracite duffs in place of washed grains and peas. 1949 Black Diamond 26 Feb. 54/3 Prices range as follows:..nut and pea, $3.50–$4.50. 1980 Blair & Ketchum's Country Jrnl. Oct. 96/2 Pea and nut coals, the most commonly sold for home stoves, are in the ½- to 1½-inch size. †c. A small, low gas flame. Cf. peak n.⁵ and adv. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > fire or flame > [noun] > flame or blaze > small flame > small point of flame peek1838 pea1890 peekiea1893 1890 S. Baring-Gould Pennycomequicks 43 There was gas in the room, turned down to a pea when not required for light. 5. colloquial (now Australian). [In allusion to the pea used by a thimblerigger.] A competitor, esp. a racehorse, likely or generally favoured to win; the favourite in a contest; a person in a strong or favourable position. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > horse racing > [noun] > horse by performance lightweight1773 sticker1779 maiden1807 favourite1813 mile-horse1829 outsider1836 heavyweight1857 stayer1862 stoner1862 rank outsider1869 pick1872 pot1874 timer1881 resurrectionist1883 short head1883 pea1888 cert1889 stiffa1890 wrong 'un1889 on the mark1890 place horse1890 top-weight1892 miler1894 also-ran1895 selection1901 loser1902 hotpot1904 roughie1908 co-favourite1922 readier1922 springer1922 fav1935 scratch1938 no-hoper1943 shoo-in1950 scorer1974 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > racehorse > favourite good thing1735 favourite1813 pea1888 cert1889 selection1901 nap1926 nap selection1927 stickout1930 shoo-in1950 1888 Sporting Life (Philadelphia) 11 Dec. 4/4 Sweeny..forced the fighting, and was still the pea when ‘Time!’ was called. 1891 Licensed Victuallers' Gaz. 20 Mar. 187/3 Well, Albert, now what is the pea? we asked, hurrying towards the paddock. 1911 E. Dyson Benno xvi. 206 Mr. Dickson..ran his eye down the card and chanced it. ‘Dandy's the P,’ he said. ‘Put yer whole week's wash on Dandy, 'n hold me responsible if the goods ain't delivered.’ 1969 M. Calthorpe Defectors iii. 17 ‘For the time being, I'm satisfied.’ ‘You're the pea,’ Mick said. 2000 Australian (Nexis) 14 Aug. 13 Newman is a Tasmanian. On the same state-balance imperative that would make Senator Eric Abetz the pea for her slot. But the betting is the vacancy will go to Western Australia. Phrases P1. as like as two peas (and variants, now esp. (like) two peas in a pod): extremely similar; indistinguishable. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > identity > the same [phrase] (arrows) of the same flight1545 as like as milk to milk1638 as like as two peas1746 1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. in Euphues (new ed.) Ep. Ded. sig. Aiij As like as one pease is to an other. 1681 Heraclitus Ridens 11 Oct. 1/1 Rebellion and Witchcraft are as like as two Pease.] 1746 A. Arbuthnot Life Simon, Lord Lovat 191 My next Brother was a Cadet in a Marching Regiment, and hath since got to be a Lieutenant-Colonel so [sic] the Regiment, thro' the interest of the Cardinal, who is as like as two Peas. 1778 F. Burney Evelina I. xxi. 156 As like..as two peas are to one another. ?1840 J. B. Buckstone Jack Sheppard ii. i. 23 The likeness of your face to a miniature I have in my pocket... As like as two peas in a pod. 1864–8 R. Browning James Lee's Wife ix. iii We both should be like as pea and pea. 1958 H. J. Eysenck Sense & Nonsense in Psychol. (rev. ed.) iii. 119 This price..has been the unmitigated boredom produced by having to read through countless reports, all as similar as two peas. 1986 F. Peretti This Present Darkness xvi. 155 All the regents were becoming like peas in a pod, like clones of each other. P2. Caribbean (chiefly Trinidad). like peas: in large quantities; in great numbers; to a considerable extent. licks like peas: repeated blows; a sound thrashing or trouncing (chiefly figurative, often in sporting contexts); cf. lick n. 4. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > a great quantity, amount, or degree [phrase] > in large quantities by (also at, in) wholesale1417 in great1447 by greatc1475 by the whole1592 by the yard1845 in block1870 in bulk1908 like peas1959 1959 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 2 June 12/4 We've won and will again. If we resign now, it will be licks like peas again. 1967 M. Anthony Green Days by River x. 67 This place have alligators like peas! 1989 Guardian (Nexis) 20 Nov. ‘Licks like fire, licks like peas, we're gonna bring the USA to their knees,’ goes one [football] chant. 2016 Fensic www.trinispeak.com 11 June (blog, accessed 25 Nov. 2020) One day, ah new supermarket open... People like peas line up outside dis new place. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. pea bloom n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant > blossom pease bloom1657 pea bloom1714 pea blossoma1746 pea-flower1824 1714 Philos. Trans. 1713 (Royal Soc.) 28 207 Leguminose or Pea-bloom Plants. 1855 W. Allingham Choice in Day & Night Songs 2nd Ser. iii Pea-bloom winglets. 1987 Washington Post (Nexis) 15 Feb. g2 These plain wild locusts with their clusters of fragrant white pea blooms are the trees they call acacia in parts of Europe. pea blossom n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant > blossom pease bloom1657 pea bloom1714 pea blossoma1746 pea-flower1824 a1746 M. Leapor Poems upon Several Occasions (1751) 250 Nor the young Daisy dress'd in Morning Dew; Nor the Pea Blossom wears a brighter Hue. 1895 G. Allen Woman who Did ii. 19 They started for a long stroll across the breezy common, yellow in places with upright spikes of small summer furze and pink with wild pea-blossom. 1991 Birder's World Apr. 42/2 The hummer went contentedly about its business of gathering nectar from the pea blossoms. pea crop n. ΚΠ 1732 W. Ellis Pract. Farmer 39 This [weed] I cannot say will utterly destroy the Pea-Crop, but will so cripple it, as not to be a quarter Value. 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 371 The produce of the pea-crop is either in abundance or a complete failure. 1990 Farmer's Weekly (Perth) 25 Oct. 11/3 Doublegee has the greatest potential to cause problems in next year's crop paddocks, especially in lupin and pea crops. pea field n. ΚΠ 1771 L. Carter Diary 6 Sept. (1965) II. 622 I have a greater expectation from my Peafield than I really had before. 1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 337 Stack, the corn left in a barley or pea field, after the crop has been carried. 1972 D. Haston In High Places iii. 44 The trip was planned in the pubs of the pea-fields of Kent, where we had been supplementing our meagre incomes. pea patch n. ΚΠ 1820 Times 18 Dec. 2/2 The work at Fort Washington, on this river, will be completed early in the next spring; and that on the Pea Patch, in the Delaware, in the course of the next season. 1941 J. Stuart Men of Mountains 120 Tear off the damn Dingus silk shirts..for to make skeery-cows out'n for the pea patch! 1991 Amer. Horticulturist July 17/1 When I find a woodchuck in the pea patch, a camera is not the first thing I reach for. pea plant n. ΚΠ 1839 Times 11 Apr. 7/3 From a pea plant (glyoyntriza glabra) is obtained the inspissated juice called liquorice. 1877 tr. H. C. Andersen Dream Little Tuk & Other Stories 120 Pea plants hung down over the boxes, and the rose-bushes shot forth long twigs. 1985 Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 828 336/2 Pea plants were shown to contain at least four molecular forms of glutamine synthetase. pea pudding n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > puddings > [noun] > other puddings alker1381 moile1381 tansyc1450 tansy-cakea1475 hasty pudding1598 hodge-puddinga1616 bread pudding1623 marrowbone pudding1623 marrow-pudding1631 turmeric puddinga1704 Indian pudding1722 Westminster fool1723 pease pudding1725 pone1725 bread and butter pudding1727 custard pudding1727 purry1751 tartan-purry1751 tansy-pudding1769 vermicelli pudding1769 skimmer-cake1795 dogsbody1818 kugel1823 stickjaw1827 kheer1832 pea pudding1844 dough1848 mousseline1876 mousse1885 goose-pudding1892 payasam1892 tartan1893 malva puddinga1981 1844 H. Stephens Bk. of Farm II. 239 An excellent leg of pickled pork, served with pea-pudding. 2000 Canberra Times (Nexis) 22 Mar. a16 Prime beef ragout on a steamed pea pudding served on beetroot confit. pea rick n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > stacking or ricking > stack or rick moweOE rickeOE pease-ricka1325 stackc1330 tassc1330 rucka1382 hayrick14.. haystack14.. sedge reekc1440 hay-mow1483 hay-goaf1570 rack1574 hovel1591 scroo1604 mow-stack1611 sow1659 corn-rick1669 bean-rick1677 barley-mow1714 pea rick1766 rickle1768 bike1771 stacklet1796 bean-stack1828 1766 J. W. Baker in Compl. Farmer at Turnep I gave my sheep access to some pea-ricks. 1873 Times 21 Apr. 8/2 The boiler of a portable threshing-machine burst.., setting fire to..a pea rick, some straw and hay ricks, and the whole of the farm buildings. pea root n. ΚΠ 1732 W. Ellis Pract. Farmer 35 By this Way your Pea-Roots, are secured against the Summer Drought. 1854 Sci. Amer. 23 Dec. 115/1 The yellow ray exerts a repellent influence upon the roots, giving the wheat a downwards, and the pea-roots a lateral impulse. 1938 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 24 437 It has been shown..that the pea root synthesizes vitamin B₁..from a mixture of the pyrimidine and thiazole components of the vitamin molecule. 1999 New Phytologist 143 439/1 The enzyme was inhibited by the cytokinins kinetin and kinetin riboside, which were also demonstrated to inhibit the growth of the pea roots. pea seed n. ΚΠ 1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Feb. v. 35 When Horse-bean and Pea-seed are to be sown together..the stated Allowance..is..two-third Parts Beans, and one-third Part Pease. 1891 Overland Monthly Dec. 572/2 Orders were received for pea seeds to the amount of more than a ton. 1985 Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 828 337/1 Glutamine synthetase from pea seeds..was first obtained in purified (50% purity) state by Elliott. b. pea-sized adj. ΚΠ 1850 G. H. G. Jahr Alphabet. Repertory Skin-symptoms 14 Groups of vesicles upon a red base, surrounding the trunk like a belt, increasing in a few days to pea-sized pustules. 1876 J. B. L. Warren Soldier of Fortune iv. iii. 336 I'd have all seas Searched..To bring you neck-pearls large as robin's eggs, While other queens string on their scanted breasts A puny pea-sized row. 1996 Independent 23 Sept. i. 20/1 Melatonin..is a hormone produced by the pineal gland, a pea-sized organ at the centre of the brain. C2. pea and bean weevil n. chiefly British a striped weevil, Sitona lineatus (family Curculionidae), which is a common pest of peas, beans, and other plants of the family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae) in Europe and parts of North America, making characteristic semicircular notches in the leaves; also called pea leaf weevil. ΚΠ 1884 W. Crozier & P. Henderson How Farm Pays ix. 272 The curculio or plum weevil..is a small beetle, akin to the pea and bean weevil. 1909 F. V. Theobald Insect & Other Allied Pests 115 Mr. Bickham of Ledbury sent Pea and Bean Weevils.., stating that they were numerous in parts of Herefordshire, in the crowns of strawberry plants. 2003 Arable Farming (Nexis) 29 Apr. 30 In slow growing crops with low night temperatures, cabbage thrips..and pea and bean weevil will be more damaging than usual. pea aphid n. a common aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, which feeds on the sap of leguminous plants and is found worldwide as a pest of peas and other legumes; also green pea aphid. ΚΠ 1903 Bull. Delaware Agric. Exper. Station No. 16. 416 There were a good many pea aphids on the vines, but not enough to destroy them. 1916 Rep. State Entomologist & Plant Pathologist Virginia 1914–15 62 The green pea aphid..has, for the past fifteen years, been causing serious losses to the pea growers in eastern Virginia. 1970 J. M. Byagagaire in J. D. Jameson Agric. in Uganda (ed. 2) xiv. 245/1 The main pest of peas in Kigezi is the green pea aphid. 2009 Meadow Lake (Sask.) Progr. (Nexis) 14 Aug. Dry conditions and insects—primarily grasshoppers, wheat midge and pea aphids—are causing the majority of crop damage. pea bean n. a variety of haricot bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris) with rounded seeds about the size of a pea, grown esp. for use in tinned baked beans; (also) a seed of this plant. ΚΠ 1778 W. Marshall Minutes Agric. 22 Aug. 1776 As I mean..to sow pea-beans for the sake of the halm,..I will, at all events, cut them under-ripe. 1875 R. W. D. Bryan Let. in C. H. Davis Narr. North Polar Exped. (1876) App. 669 The following is a complete list of the provisions and stores deposited in Thank-God Harbor..: 1 barrel pea-beans. 2002 Americas (Nexis) 1 Nov. 58 Pea beans baked in bacon and tomato sauce are a New England tradition. pea beetle n. = pea weevil n. (a). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Phytophaga or Chrysomeloidea > family Bruchiidae or Lariidae > member of genus Bruchus > bruchus pisi (pea weevil) pea-bug1757 pea beetle1777 pea weevil1796 pea-chafer1882 1777 Farmer's Mag. July 204 Dr. Linnæus in his Systema Naturae calls this insect Branchus Pisi, or the pea beetle. 1816 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. (ed. 2) I. ii. 32 A cargo, or even a sample, of peas from North America might present us with that ravager of pulse, the pea-beetle (Bruchus Pisi, L.). 1986 M. Chinery Insects Brit. & W. Europe 282 Pea Beetle Bruchus pisorum... A serious pest of peas. Legless grubs develop in growing pods. pea-blower n. now rare = pea-shooter n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > toy weapons > [noun] poop1489 pellet1553 trunk1553 elder-gun1600 popgun1649 spitter1688 pluff1695 whistling arrowa1718 pea-shooter1782 pea gun1812 detonating ball1814 pea-blower1821 pen-gun1821 pipegun1828 torpedo1831 spring gun1837 putty blower1861 tweaker1862 pluffera1866 bean-shooter1890 putty shooter1896 water pistol1897 stink bomb1915 cap-pistol1920 cap-gun1931 laser gun1961 1821 W. Irving Let. 7 Oct. (1978) I. 648 The three eldest boys kept the house in misery for two or three days by pea blowers. 1913 A. F. Irvine My Lady of Chimney-corner 91 I sat..whittling an alder stick into a pea-blower. 1982 S. B. Flexner Listening to Amer. 63 Children were..shooting bean-shooters by 1889 (they were first called pea-blowers, in 1821, then pea-shooters by the 1860s). † pea-bone n. Anatomy Obsolete rare the pisiform bone of the wrist.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Pea-bone, the pisiform bone of the wrist: so called from its size and shape. pea-bough n. = pea stick n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > stake for plants fork1389 incrementc1420 stakingc1440 stay1577 stick1577 bean-wood1584 pea stick1745 beanpole1798 stickings1800 bean-stick1823 pea-stake1840 flower-stick1881 pea-bough1885 trainer2004 1885 St. James's Gaz. 2 Jan. 6/1 ‘Branchy’ pieces..are sorted into ‘pea-boughs’ and fagot-wood. 1910 R. Kipling Rewards & Fairies 350 He..pointed through an opening to the patch of beech-stubs, chestnut, hazel, and birch that old Hobden would turn into firewood, hop-poles, pea-boughs, and house faggots before Spring. 1990 Field Jan. 76/2 There is a growing demand for firewood for Scandinavian-type wood-burning stoves; garden centres have need of poles, stakes, hurdles and pea-boughs. pea-brain n. colloquial (derogatory) a stupid or empty-headed person; an idiot, a fool; (also) the supposedly tiny brain of such a person. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > stupid person, dolt, blockhead > [noun] asseOE sotc1000 beastc1225 long-ear?a1300 stock1303 buzzard1377 mis-feelinga1382 dasarta1400 stonea1400 dasiberd14.. dottlec1400 doddypoll1401 dastardc1440 dotterel1440 dullardc1440 wantwit1449 jobardc1475 nollc1475 assheada1500 mulea1500 dull-pate15.. peak1509 dulbert?a1513 doddy-patec1525 noddypolla1529 hammer-head1532 dull-head?1534 capon1542 dolt1543 blockhead1549 cod's head1549 mome1550 grout-head1551 gander1553 skit-brains?1553 blocka1556 calfa1556 tomfool1565 dunce1567 druggard1569 cobble1570 dummel1570 Essex calf1573 jolthead1573 hardhead1576 beetle-head1577 dor-head1577 groutnoll1578 grosshead1580 thickskin1582 noddyship?1589 jobbernowl1592 beetle-brain1593 Dorbel1593 oatmeal-groat1594 loggerhead1595 block-pate1598 cittern-head1598 noddypoop1598 dorbellist1599 numps1599 dor1601 stump1602 ram-head1605 look-like-a-goose1606 ruff1606 clod1607 turf1607 asinego1609 clot-poll1609 doddiea1611 druggle1611 duncecomb1612 ox-head1613 clod-polla1616 dulman1615 jolterhead1620 bullhead1624 dunderwhelpa1625 dunderhead1630 macaroona1631 clod-patea1635 clota1637 dildo1638 clot-pate1640 stupid1640 clod-head1644 stub1644 simpletonian1652 bottle-head1654 Bœotiana1657 vappe1657 lackwit1668 cudden1673 plant-animal1673 dolt-head1679 cabbage head1682 put1688 a piece of wood1691 ouphe1694 dunderpate1697 numbskull1697 leather-head1699 nocky1699 Tom Cony1699 mopus1700 bluff-head1703 clod skull1707 dunny1709 dowf1722 stupe1722 gamphrel1729 gobbin?1746 duncehead1749 half-wit1755 thick-skull1755 jackass1756 woollen-head1756 numbhead1757 beef-head1775 granny1776 stupid-head1792 stunpolla1794 timber-head1794 wether heada1796 dummy1796 noghead1800 staumrel1802 muttonhead1803 num1807 dummkopf1809 tumphya1813 cod's head and shoulders1820 stoopid1823 thick-head1824 gype1825 stob1825 stookiea1828 woodenhead1831 ning-nong1832 log-head1834 fat-head1835 dunderheadism1836 turnip1837 mudhead1838 donkey1840 stupex1843 cabbage1844 morepork1845 lubber-head1847 slowpoke1847 stupiditarian1850 pudding-head1851 cod's head and shoulders1852 putty head1853 moke1855 mullet-head1855 pothead1855 mug1857 thick1857 boodle1862 meathead1863 missing link1863 half-baked1866 lunk1867 turnip-head1869 rummy1872 pumpkin-head1876 tattie1879 chump1883 dully1883 cretin1884 lunkhead1884 mopstick1886 dumbhead1887 peanut head1891 pie-face1891 doughbakea1895 butt-head1896 pinhead1896 cheesehead1900 nyamps1900 box head1902 bonehead1903 chickenhead1903 thickwit1904 cluck1906 boob1907 John1908 mooch1910 nitwit1910 dikkop1913 goop1914 goofus1916 rumdum1916 bone dome1917 moron1917 oik1917 jabroni1919 dumb-bell1920 knob1920 goon1921 dimwit1922 ivory dome1923 stone jug1923 dingleberry1924 gimp1924 bird brain1926 jughead1926 cloth-head1927 dumb1928 gazook1928 mouldwarp1928 ding-dong1929 stupido1929 mook1930 sparrow-brain1930 knobhead1931 dip1932 drip1932 epsilon1932 bohunkus1933 Nimrod1933 dumbass1934 zombie1936 pea-brain1938 knot-head1940 schlump1941 jarhead1942 Joe Soap1943 knuckle-head1944 nong1944 lame-brain1945 gobshite1946 rock-head1947 potato head1948 jerko1949 turkey1951 momo1953 poop-head1955 a right one1958 bam1959 nong-nong1959 dickhead1960 dumbo1960 Herbert1960 lamer1961 bampot1962 dipshit1963 bamstick1965 doofus1965 dick1966 pillock1967 zipperhead1967 dipstick1968 thickie1968 poephol1969 yo-yo1970 doof1971 cockhead1972 nully1973 thicko1976 wazzock1976 motorhead1979 mouth-breather1979 no-brainer1979 jerkwad1980 woodentop1981 dickwad1983 dough ball1983 dickweed1984 bawheid1985 numpty1985 jerkweed1988 dick-sucker1989 knob-end1989 Muppet1989 dingus1997 dicksack1999 eight ball- the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > [noun] > type of feather-brain1776 pea-brain1938 1938 Chron.-Telegram (Elyria, Ohio) 2 Dec. 20/2 So the pea-brains rattle into office to represent the welfare of the citizens of this warm and sunny clime. 1977 D. Ramsay You can't call it Murder iii. 172 Meredith wanted to know if Judith had really ‘put the idea of shooting out light bulbs into that pea brain’. 1997 M. Fabi Wyrm i. 17 Not that I've ever actually met one of those pea-brains. pea-brained adj. colloquial (derogatory) stupid, dull-witted, foolish; having a supposedly tiny brain. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupidity, dullness of intellect > [adjective] sloweOE stuntc960 dullOE hardOE stuntlyc1000 sotc1050 dillc1175 dulta1225 simplea1325 heavy1340 astonedc1374 sheepishc1380 dull-witteda1387 lourd1390 steerishc1411 ass-likea1425 brainless?a1439 deafc1440 sluggishc1450 short-witted1477 obtuse1509 peakish1519 wearish1519 deaf, or dumb as a beetle1520 doileda1522 gross1526 headlessa1530 stulty1532 ass-headed1533 pot-headed1533 stupid?1541 sheep's head1542 doltish1543 dumpish1545 assish1548 blockish1548 slow-witted1548 blockheaded1549 surd1551 dull-headed1552 hammer-headed1552 skit-brained?1553 buzzardly1561 witless1562 log-headeda1566 assy1566 sottish1566 dastardly1567 stupidious1567 beetle-headed1570 calvish1570 bluntish1578 cod's-headed1578 grout-headed1578 bedaft1579 dull-pated1580 blate1581 buzzard-like1581 long-eared1582 dullard1583 woodena1586 duncical1588 leaden-headed1589 buzzard1592 dorbellical1592 dunstical1592 heavy-headeda1593 shallow-brained1592 blunt-witted1594 mossy1597 Bœotian1598 clay-brained1598 fat1598 fat-witted1598 knotty-pated1598 stupidous1598 wit-lost1599 barren1600 duncifiedc1600 lourdish1600 stockish1600 thick1600 booby1603 leaden-pated1603 partless1603 thin-headed1603 leaden-skulledc1604 blockhead1606 frost-brained1606 ram-headed1608 beef-witted1609 insulse1609 leaden-spirited1609 asininec1610 clumse1611 blockheadly1612 wattle-headed1613 flata1616 logger-headeda1616 puppy-headeda1616 shallow-patedc1616 thick-brained1619 half-headed1621 buzzard-blinda1625 beef-brained1628 toom-headed1629 thick-witted1634 woollen-witted1635 squirrel-headed1637 clod-pated1639 lean-souled1639 muddy-headed1642 leaden-witteda1645 as sad as any mallet1645 under-headed1646 fat-headed1647 half-witted1647 insipid1651 insulsate1652 soft-headed1653 thick-skulleda1657 muddish1658 non-intelligent1659 whey-brained1660 sap-headed1665 timber-headed1666 leather-headeda1668 out of (one's) tree1669 boobily1673 thoughtless1673 lourdly1674 logger1675 unintelligenta1676 Bœotic1678 chicken-brained1678 under-witted1683 loggerhead1684 dunderheaded1692 unintelligible1694 buffle-headed1697 crassicc1700 numbskulled1707 crassous1708 doddy-polled1708 haggis-headed1715 niddy-noddy1722 muzzy1723 pudding-headed1726 sumphish1728 pitcher-souleda1739 duncey1743 hebete1743 chuckheaded1756 dumb1756 duncely1757 imbecile1766 mutton-headed1768 chuckle-headed1770 jobbernowl1770 dowfarta1774 boobyish1778 wittol1780 staumrel1787 opaquec1789 stoopid1791 mud-headed1793 borné1795 muzzy-headed1798 nog-headed1800 thick-headed1801 gypit1804 duncish1805 lightweight1809 numbskull1814 tup-headed1816 chuckle-pate1820 unintellectuala1821 dense1822 ninnyish1822 dunch1825 fozy1825 potato-headed1826 beef-headed1828 donkeyish1831 blockheadish1833 pinheaded1837 squirrel-minded1837 pumpkin-headed1838 tomfoolish1838 dundering1840 chicken-headed1842 like a bump on a log1842 ninny-minded1849 numbheadeda1852 nincompoopish1852 suet-brained1852 dolly1853 mullet-headed1853 sodden1853 fiddle-headed1854 numb1854 bovine1855 logy1859 crass1861 unsmart1861 off his chump1864 wooden-headed1865 stupe1866 lean-minded1867 duffing1869 cretinous1871 doddering1871 thick-head1873 doddling1874 stupido1879 boneheaded1883 woolly-headed1883 leaden-natured1889 suet-headed1890 sam-sodden1891 dopey1896 turnip-headed1898 bonehead1903 wool-witted1905 peanut-headed1906 peanut-brained1907 dilly1909 torpid-minded1909 retardate1912 nitwitted1917 meat-headed1918 mug1922 cloth-headed1925 loopy1925 nitwit1928 lame-brained1929 dead from the neck up1930 simpy1932 nail-headed1936 square-headed1936 dingbats1937 pinhead1939 dim-witted1940 pea-brained1942 clueless1943 lobotomized1943 retarded1949 pointy-headed1950 clottish1952 like a stunned mullet1953 silly (or crazy) as a two-bob watch1954 out to lunch1955 pin-brained1958 dozy1959 eejity1964 out of one's tiny mind1965 doofus1967 twitty1967 twittish1969 twatty1975 twattish1976 blur1977 dof1979 goofus1981 dickheaded1991 dickish1991 numpty1992 cockish1996 1942 H. K. Smith Last Train from Berlin ii. 45 I insulted Doctor Goebbels' changé for the American press, a small, pea-brained individual named Karl Freelich. 1975 Time 7 July 1/1 Vapid, pea-brained, nonsense-spouting but gorgeous young men of the world. 2000 New Scientist 23 Sept. 25/3 And right at the top of the food chain were monstrous, pea-brained beasts like Giganotosaurus—throwbacks to the allosaurs of an earlier age. pea-bug n. colloquial (a) = pea weevil n. (a); (b) a woodlouse (cf. pill bug n. at pill n.³ Compounds 2). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Phytophaga or Chrysomeloidea > family Bruchiidae or Lariidae > member of genus Bruchus > bruchus pisi (pea weevil) pea-bug1757 pea beetle1777 pea weevil1796 pea-chafer1882 1757 L. Carter Diary 22 Aug. (1965) I. 169 It grows like unto the pea bugg which being a later embrio is to be seen in the green pea a Small blackish speck and appears to be perforated through the pod. 1790 Pennsylvania Packet 30 Mar. 1/4 Damage to crops by insects, especially the Hessian-fly,..the pea-bug, and the corn chinch-bug or fly. 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. 114 Pea-bug, the wood-louse. 1895 Westm. Gaz. 11 May 3/1 Another horror has supervened in the shape of a pea bug..which attacks market gardens. 1922 D. H. Lawrence Fantasia of Unconscious vi. 43 Morning, with rain in the sky, and the forest subtly brooding, and me feeling no bigger than a pea-bug between the roots of my fir. 2003 Bath Chron. (Nexis) 13 Jan. 19 In three neighbouring villages [in Wiltshire], the humble insect [sc. the woodlouse] had three different names, and others included ‘old granfers’, ‘sowbugs’ and ‘peabug’. pea bulb n. a very small round electric light bulb. ΚΠ 1928 Times 8 May 10/4 The number of lamps exported has doubled since 1912, though this probably includes a large proportion of ‘pea’ bulbs for flashlamps. 1970 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 319 277 The cross-beam source was a tungsten pea bulb operated from a stabiized d.c. supply. 2002 Sun Herald (Sydney) (Nexis) 2 June 40 Millions and millions of pea bulbs all around the architectural lines of the building. pea-bush n. †(a) Obsolete. rare, a cultivated pea plant ( Pisum sativum); (b) any of various Australian leguminous shrubs, esp. of the genus Sesbania (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > non-British shrubs > [noun] > Australasian banksia1787 waratah1793 honeysuckle1803 pinkwood1824 honeysuckle tree1825 rose1825 blue bush1828 dogwood1828 parrotbill1829 tulip-tree1830 whitebeard1832 swamp-oak1833 bauera1835 mungitec1837 bottlebrush1839 clianthus1841 glory-pea1848 boronia1852 koromiko1855 pituri1861 Sturt's pea1865 scrub vine1866 pea-bush1867 cotton-bush1876 Australian honeysuckle1881 peach myrtle1882 saloop bush1884 naupaka1888 dog rose1896 native tulip1898 snow bush1909 wedding-bush1923 Hebe1961 mountain pepper1965 1867 S. Hayden Washington & his Masonic Compeers 17 In the garden, where he often amused himself hacking his mother's pea-bushes, he unluckily tried the edge of his hatchet on the body of a beautiful young English cherry-tree. 1881 T. Archer Remarks proposed Queensland Trans-Continental Railway 18 The pea-bush, a species of sesbania, also found abundantly on the flooded flats of the Gilbert, growing in patches, or more open scrubs, to a height of from ten to fifteen feet. 1981 A. B. Cribb & J. W. Cribb Useful Wild Plants Austral. 207 Sestania benthamiana (S. aculeata) Sesbania Pea, Pea-bush... The dried stems were used by the Aborigines as drills for making fire. † pea-chafer n. Obsolete rare = pea weevil n. (a). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Phytophaga or Chrysomeloidea > family Bruchiidae or Lariidae > member of genus Bruchus > bruchus pisi (pea weevil) pea-bug1757 pea beetle1777 pea weevil1796 pea-chafer1882 1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) (at cited word) Pea-beetle... Called also Pea-bug, Pea-chafer, and Pea-weevil. pea-coal n. see sense 4b. pea coffee n. U.S. (now historical) a beverage made by boiling roasted peas in water. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > coffee > [noun] > coffee substitutes rye coffee1766 pea coffee1805 dandelion coffee1852 chicory1853 Postum1895 1805 T. E. White Jrnl. 14 July (1904) 24 I drank three or four cups of pea coffee and then went to bed. 1851 H. Melville Moby-Dick ii. 10 The very spot for cheap lodgings, and the best of pea coffee. 2003 Caterer & Hotelkeeper (Nexis) 24 July 18 Round off the meal with petit fours and a warming mug of republican pea coffee made from dried peas ground into a powder. pea comb n. a triple comb occurring in some varieties of domestic fowl (from its supposed resemblance to a pea blossom). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [noun] > member of (fowl) > parts of > comb comba1000 coxcomb?a1425 cockcomb?c1475 rose comb1815 pea comb1854 1854 Poultry Chron. 1 270 Their buffs, cinnamons, and grouse with pea combs. 1884 W. Crozier & P. Henderson How Farm Pays viii. 236 The Dark Brahma has a variegated plumage of black and white..and a small pea comb. 2000 Cornish World Oct. 21/1 It..looks like the archetypal cartoon chicken, every curve more pronounced than your average hen, its movement more strutting, its pea comb more erect. pea-combed adj. (of a fowl) having a pea comb. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > genus Gallus (domestic fowl) > [adjective] > having specific appearance pea-combed1855 1855 Poultry Chron. 3 23/1 Pea-combed Brahmas £1 1s. per dozen. 1922 R. C. Punnett Mendelism (ed. 6) 32 The pea-combed bird contains the factor for pea but not that for rose. 1990 Amer. Naturalist 136 46 Siegel and Dudley..found that pea-combed individuals were subordinate to single- (larger-) combed birds in mixed flocks. pea crab n. any of various small crabs of the genus Pinnotheres or family Pinnotheridae, which live commensally in the shells of bivalve molluscs such as mussels and oysters. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Crustacea > [noun] > subclass Malacostraca > division Thoracostraca > order Decapoda > suborder Brachyura (crab) > member of family Pinnotheridae (pea-crab) pinnothere1601 oyster crab1756 pea crab1836 pinna-guardian1854 pill crab1872 1836 Entomol. Mag. 3 85 (title) The Metamorphoses and Natural History of the Pinotheres, or Pea-Crabs. 1901 M. Newbigin Life by Seashore x. 202 The tribe Catometopa..includes the curious pea-crab, Pinnotheres pisum, found inside the bivalves. 1978 G. Durrell Garden of Gods iv. 88 It was he..who had got me the biggest clam shell in my collection and, moreover, with the two tiny parasitic pea-crabs still inside. 1995 P. J. Hayward et al. in P. J. Hayward & J. S. Ryland Handbk. Marine Fauna N.W. Europe viii. 459/2 Crustaceans... Infraorder Brachyura 20. Pinnotheridae... Pinnotheres pisum (Linnaeus). Pea crab. pea-dodger n. Australian slang (now rare) a bowler hat. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > made of specific material > felt > bowler hat pot hat1580 hard hat1845 plug hat1860 bowler1861 billycock1862 boxer1863 bullycock1865 Christy1869 Christy stiff1882 hard hitter1883 pea-dodgera1914 blocker1934 dut1939 bun hat1941 a1914 J. P. Bourke Off the Bluebush (1915) 137 He wore a small pea-dodger hat Upon his massive brow. 1933 Bulletin (Sydney) 5 Apr. 12/3 ‘Elizabeth Owen’:..the different terms applied to ‘bowler’ hats—I have also heard them called ‘egg-boiler’ and ‘pea-dodgers’. 1959 S. J. Baker Drum (1960) ii. 133 Peadodger, a bowler hat. pea dove n. a dove, Zenaida aurita, of the West Indies and Florida. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Columbiformes (pigeons, etc.) > [noun] > family Columbidae > genus Zenaida (mourning dove) mourning dove1833 whitewing1834 pea dove1847 1847 P. H. Gosse & R. Hill Birds of Jamaica 308 The Pea-dove is frequently seen in the middle of dusty high-roads. 1949 V. S. Reid New Day ii. xiv. 237 No mourning songs came from peadoves this day. 1998 R. Carr Brixton Bwoy i. 16 There were many tasty birds to catch, like the pea dove, the ground dove and the white-winged and barby doves. † pea-dropper n. Obsolete a device for sowing peas singly. ΚΠ 1869 Sci. Amer. 22 May 333/2 Pea Dropper.—A. J. Williams, Barnesville, Ga. 1876 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. (new ed.) III. 1643/2 Pea-dropper, an implement for planting pease in hills. It resembles the corn-planter in material respects. pea-finch n. English regional the chaffinch, Fringilla coelebs. ΚΠ 1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 97 Pea-finch, or Pie-finch,..the chaffinch. 1968 C. E. Jackson Brit. Names of Birds 36 Chaffinch..pea-finch Glos., Midlands. pea-flour n. (also pea-flower) flour or meal made from dried split peas. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > flour > [noun] > flour from non-cereals flour1660 tapioca1707 cassava1750 wood-meal1758 pea-flour1766 gram flour1820 nardoo1861 banana flour1890 soya1897 chickpea flour1913 garri1926 soy1945 bean-flour- 1766 J. W. Baker in Compl. Farmer at Turnip [The bullock] took kindly to the turnips; and on the sixteenth I began to give him, with his turnips, pea-flower [= pea-flour]. 1881 P. B. Du Chaillu Land Midnight Sun I. 394 Fladbrōd is made from an unfermented dough of barley and oat-meal, often mixed with pea-flour. 1995 M. Lewis Singapore: Rough Guide 130/1 (Gloss.) Cendol, coconut milk, palm sugar syrup and pea-flour noodles poured over shaved ice. pea gravel n. gravel consisting of small stones similar in size to peas (also called peastone). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > stony material > [noun] > gravel or shingle > gravel > type of flood gravelc1420 river gravel1600 blue metal1699 slither1811 flint-gravel1865 plateau gravel1872 duck-gravel1885 peastone1909 pea gravel1911 1911 Times 1 Mar. 19/1 The Commissioners of His Majesty's Works and Public Buildings are prepared to receive tenders for the supply of road materials (Channel Island granite,..gravel, pea gravel, and Kentish flints) for a period of one year. 1962 R. Page Educ. Gardener x. 277 I devised a very simple arrangement of areas of fine pea gravel and panels of grass. 1992 In-Fisherman Feb. 55/3 Guido visually searched 10 pea-gravel coves and one steep-sided chunk-rock cove for cruising and bedding bass. pea grit n. (a) Geology pisolitic limestone; (b) = pea gravel n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > limestone > pisolite peastone1770 pea grit1834 pisolite1845 1834 R. I. Murchison Outl. Geol. Cheltenham 12 The lowest member of the Inferior Oolite... It is of a rusty brown colour, and is in great part made up of small flat concretions... It is called ‘Pea Grit’ by the country people, and is a useful stone, when employed for gate-posts and other rough work. 1865 D. Page Handbk. Geol. Terms (ed. 2) 352 Pea-grit, a coarse pisolitic limestone..composed of concretionary bodies. 1984 Systematic Zool. 33 351/1 Smith uses taphonomic criteria to reconstruct the environment during deposition of the Jurassic Pea Grit Series in England. 2001 Exotic & Greenhouse Gardening June 87/1 To aid root growth, small gravel or pea grit should be added to the compost. pea gun n. a pea-shooter. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > toy weapons > [noun] poop1489 pellet1553 trunk1553 elder-gun1600 popgun1649 spitter1688 pluff1695 whistling arrowa1718 pea-shooter1782 pea gun1812 detonating ball1814 pea-blower1821 pen-gun1821 pipegun1828 torpedo1831 spring gun1837 putty blower1861 tweaker1862 pluffera1866 bean-shooter1890 putty shooter1896 water pistol1897 stink bomb1915 cap-pistol1920 cap-gun1931 laser gun1961 1812 W. Scott Let. 17 Jan. (1932) III. 62 The passengers had a good deal of fun with me for I remember being persuaded to shoot one of them with a pea-gun. 1872 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. July 454/2 I gave my pea-gun. 2003 Halifax (Nova Scotia) Daily News (Nexis) 20 Apr. 37 It was discovered by Scotland Yard that all the boys had were pea guns. pea-hook n. a hook for reaping peas. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > reaping tools > sickle > types of staff-hook?1523 pease-hook1545 brush-scythe1573 grass hook1665 swipe1742 twibill1763 pea-hook1840 swap-hook1863 1743 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman (Dublin ed.) May iii. 30 Others have used the..six Foot long Pea-hook to strike off their Heads. 1840 C. Howard Farming at Wauldby 110 in Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) III They are cut down either with the scythe, or the pea-hook. 1916 N.E.D. at Twibill A reaping-hook used in cutting beans and peas; a pea-hook. pea-hull n. the shell or pod of a pea. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-pod, pea-shell, or pea seed peascodc1390 pease-hulla1425 pippina1450 squash1600 pea-hull1717 pea-cod1721 pea shell1744 pea pod1772 shaup1822 1717 A. Ramsay Elegy Lucky Wood v Poor facers now may chew pea-hools, Since Lucky's dead. 1893 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Huel,..the hull, outer skin or shell of a nut, of grain, or of a pea. A pea-huel or pea-swad is a pea-pod. 1995 Charleston (W. Virginia) Daily Mail (Nexis) 25 Mar. 7 a I thrashed off the peahulls while he shoveled up the peas. pea lamp n. = pea bulb n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > electric light > [noun] > used to indicate that something is switched on pilot lamp1884 pea lamp1921 pilot light1929 pilot1973 1921 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 100 56 The pea-lamp circuit was made for an instant as the shot came past three contacts. 1938 G. H. Sewell Amateur Film-making ii. 20 The glowing filament of a pea lamp. 1980 D. J. Glencross in Proc. Eighth Internat. Symp. Attention & Performance vi. 111 Above and slightly behind the right response key was a neon pea lamp that served as the stimulus for the arm sweep response. pea leaf weevil n. now chiefly North American = pea and bean weevil n. ΚΠ 1894 Times 25 Dec. 9/3 Clover..has had in some places ‘red maggot’ at the root; beans, the bean-seed weevil; and peas, the very destructive pea-leaf weevil. 1972 L. A. Swan & C. S. Papp Common Insects N. Amer. xx. 483 The Pea Leaf Weevil, S. lineata, is confined to the Pacific Northwest and California, where it is a pest of peas, vetch, red clover, and alfalfa primarily, and of strawberries occasionally. 1998 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 16 May h14 This pest..is the Pea Leaf Weevil. The adult is gray-brown and about 2mm long with a blunt snout. pea maggot n. a caterpillar which infests pea plants; the larva of the pea moth. ΚΠ 1872 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 342/1 Pea maggot, the caterpillar of a small moth (Tortrix or Grapholitha pisi), which lays its eggs in young pods of peas. 1952 Times 28 May 5/6 (advt.) The Pea Moth makes a habit of laying her eggs on growing peas. This may be good for the pea moth maggot, but is a serious menace to the farmer.] 2002 Daily Tel. 17 Aug. 6 The judge will open one pod in each dish..to make sure that there is no evidence of the pea maggot. pea-make n. English regional an implement with a curved blade, used for reaping peas, etc.; = pease-meak n. at pease n. Compounds 3. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > uprooting tool meak1478 pease-meak1583 grubber1598 grub-axe1611 dog1727 pea-make1794 hop-dog1796 eradicator1807 stub-dig1837 stub-hoe1858 grub-hoea1884 grub-hook1884 1794 Suffolk Inventory in Notes & Queries (1949) 8 Jan. 2/1 4 iron wedges, pea makes. 1834 New Monthly Mag. 42 421 The poachers had armed themselves with peamakes (a long staff with a curved knife at the end, with which peas are cut). 1970 G. E. Evans Where Beards wag All viii. 88 Much of the technical vocabulary of the pre-tractor farmers of East Anglia have Old English roots: words like..meake (or make, pea-make). † pea-measle n. Veterinary Medicine Obsolete rare the larva of the canine tapeworm Taenia pisiformis, occurring as a cyst in rabbits.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Pea-measle, the Cysticercus pisiformis, a measle or cysticercoid of some animals, as the rabbit, being the scolex or hydatid form of Tænia serrata, a tapeworm of the dog. pea moth n. a noctuid moth, Cydia nigricana, whose larvae infest pea plants. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Eucosomidae > larva of cydia nigricana (pea-moth) pea moth1881 1881 E. A. Ormerod Man. Injurious Insects 131 Pea Moth... The caterpillars of this Moth cause the ‘worm-eaten’ or ‘maggoty’ Peas often found in old pods. 1931 G. S. Chappell Gardener's Friend 153 The lupines..have inherited from their lowly ancestry an appeal to..wire-worms and pea moths. 1986 Power Farming Oct. 22/4 As the crop is grown for seed, two insecticide sprays are needed to control pea moth. pea mussel n. a small, brownish, rounded freshwater bivalve mollusc of the genus Pisidium (family Sphaeriidae or Pisidiidae), having fused siphons. ΚΠ 1950 Sci. News 15 91 Some aquatic animals, such, for example, as certain kinds of midge larvae and pea mussels, are able to live a long time in lake water almost completely devoid of oxygen. 1986 R. Fitter & R. Manuel Freshwater Life Brit. & N.-W. Europe xix. 192 Pisidium spp. (Pea Mussels)... The numerous species of this very common genus range in size from 2–7 mm long; only P. amnicum becomes larger than this. 2001 tr. L.-H. Olsen et al. Small Freshwater Animals 139 Neither mussels nor snails are found in acidic lakes, as there is insufficient calcium in the water for them to construct their houses or shells. Pea mussels are the exception. pea ore n. Geology pisolitic iron ore. ΚΠ 1840 W. Humble Dict. Geol. Pea ore..is the pisiform iron-stone of Kirwan. 1872 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 342/1 Pea ore, a form of compact brown iron ore (hydrated peroxide of iron), consisting of round smooth grains, from the size of mustard-seed to that of small pease. 1931 Jrnl. Ecol. 19 271 (title) Summary of studies upon lake-lime, pea-ore, and lake-gyttje in Danish lakes. 1992 D. Dixon Pract. Geologist 30/3 Limonite... Varieties—Bog ore, pea ore, and ocher. pea-picker n. a person who picks peas. ΚΠ 1841 Lancet 2 Oct. 29/1 From her occupation, which was that of a pea-picker, she had been exposed to the vicissitudes of the weather. 1954 Jrnl. Southern Hist. 20 336 The rustic radicals of the forest and the redneck pea pickers of the hill country. 2004 R. S. Street Photographing Farmworkers Calif. vi. 125/1 Twenty-five hundred men, women, and children..rescued..‘by the chance visit of a government photographer’ to a pea-picker's camp in San Luis Obispo County. pea-picking adj. and n. (a) adj. that picks peas; (b) n. the action of picking peas. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > picking or gathering > [noun] > pea-gathering pea-picking1697 vining1928 1697 W. Mountfort Life of Dr. Faustus iii. 18 I'll after 'em, cheating Villains..a parcel of..Yellowing, Peas-picking..Dogs. 1802 J. Baillie Second Marriage iv. v, in Series of Plays II. 451 She is but a poor pea-picking girl from St. Giles's, that has scarcely been a month in the country. 1901 Daily Chron. 7 Aug. 7/7 Instances in which children had started to work pea picking as early as two o'clock in the morning, and then had put in a full day at school. 1976 Telegraph-Jrnl. (St. John, New Brunswick) 31 Aug. 17/1 Tons of peas pour past..as a peapicking machine harvests 40 acres. † pea-rake n. Obsolete a rake adapted for gathering peas, incorporating a cutter to separate the pods from the stems. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > rake > other types of rake muckrake1366 wording hook1605 swath-rake1652 dew-rake1659 pick1777 twitch rake1798 tooth-rakec1830 pea-rake1867 buck-rake1893 sea-rake1902 1867 Sci. Amer. 3 Aug. 71/1 Pea Rake.—..This invention relates to a rake for raking peas, and consists in the attachment to an ordinary hand or other rake of a serrated or toothed cutter. 1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Pea-rake, a rake adapted for gathering the field pea. pea rifle n. now chiefly Australian a rifle with a thick barrel, firing small, round, pea-like bullets. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > rifle > types of three-o(h)-three1683 air rifle1801 yager1817 big bore1838 seventy-five1840 telescopic rifle1850 Minié rifle1851 needle rifle1856 pea rifle1856 Lancaster1857 six-shooting1858 Whitworth1858 Henry1861 polygroove1863 telescopic-sighted rifle1863 spencer1866 magazine rifle1867 Snider rifle1868 chassepot1869 Martini–Henry rifle1869 Winchester1871 Mauser rifle1872 Martini1876 saloon rifle1881 express1884 express rifle1884 Mannlicher1884 Mauser1887 Lee-Enfield1888 Flobert1890 pump gun1890 take-down1895 two-two1895 Ross rifle1901 hammer-rifle1907 sporter1907 French 751914 twenty-two1925 machine-gun rifle1941 assault rifle1950 assault weapon1968 kalashnikov1970 assault rifle1975 1856 Porter's Spirit of Times 18 Oct. 113/1 Squirrels..may still be barked with the pea-rifle by marksmen. 1965 Bulletin (Sydney) 9 Jan. 30/2 You..had a whale of a time ‘mooning’ possums and wild cats in the moonlight with a fifteen-shilling pea rifle. 1999 Courier Mail (Queensland) (Nexis) 8 May 19 A man grabs his pea rifle and rushes to protect his neighbour's property from daylight robbers. † pea-rice n. [ < pea n.² + rice n.¹] Heraldry Obsolete a representation of a branch of the pea plant, supposedly used as a heraldic device. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > representations of vegetation > [noun] > other vegetation pease ricea1325 garbc1460 gourd1513 sengreenc1550 orme1688 sag-spear1688 sedge1688 grain-tree1780 pea-rice1780 scrog1780 1780 J. Edmondson Compl. Body Heraldry II. (Gloss.) Pea-Rise, a name given by Heralds to a Pea-stalk leaved and blossomed. 1894 H. Gough & J. Parker Gloss. Terms Heraldry (new ed.) 449 The term pea-rise for pea-stalk with leaves and flowers is given by heraldic writers, but its use in blazon has not been observed. pea-roe n. see sense 4a. pea shell n. (a) = pea pod n.; (b) (also pea-shell cockle) = pea mussel n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-pod, pea-shell, or pea seed peascodc1390 pease-hulla1425 pippina1450 squash1600 pea-hull1717 pea-cod1721 pea shell1744 pea pod1772 shaup1822 1744 Philos. Trans. 1740–41 (Royal Soc.) 41 772 The Pod ff is, in Appearance, composed of a fine whitish Membrane, somewhat like that which lines the Inside of a Pea-shell. 1891 Cent. Mag. Mar. 733/2 Chad's long brown fingers fumbled among the green pea-shells, which he heaped up on one side of the pan. 1945 E. Step & A. L. Wells Shell Life (new ed.) vii. 109 The five species of Pea-shells (Pisidium) may be recognised as such at a glance by their possession of one siphon instead of two. 1953 H. Mellanby Animal Life in Fresh Water (ed. 5) xi. 253 Pea-shell cockles. 1997 Rocky Mountain News (Nexis) 6 Apr. f13 Split the snow pea shells in half along the seams. pea sheller n. (a) a device for shelling peas; (b) a person who shells peas. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > tools for preparing vegetables pea sheller1858 rumbler1865 mandolin1927 garlic press1958 the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparing fruit and vegetables > [noun] > shelling nuts or peas > one who shells shaler1611 sheller1694 pea sheller1858 1858 Sci. Amer. 1 May 272/1 Improved pea sheller..the invention of W. J. Stevenson of New York. 1899 Westm. Gaz. 31 May 3/2 The pea~shellers look as if they have been at work for hours. 1902 Westm. Gaz. 29 Sept. 3/1 At the Exhibition was a pea-sheller which will shell fourteen tons in ten hours. 1985 B. Neal Southern Cooking 70 Television must have been invented solely to pass the time for pea shellers. † pea-shod adj. Obsolete rare (of a pilgrim, etc.) wearing shoes partly filled with peas as a penance. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > penance > [adjective] > characterized by at, in shriftc1175 penitentc1450 penanced1740 pea-shod1882 1882 S. E. De Morgan Mem. A. De Morgan 8 The two pilgrims who went pea-shod to Loretto. pea shrub n. any of various leguminous plants that grow as shrubs; esp. one of the genus Caragana (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)) (cf. pea tree n. 1). ΚΠ 1886 Proc. Royal Geogr. Soc. 8 154 A thorny pea shrub, Alhagi. 1961 N. D. Gershevsky & J. E. Williams tr. S. P. Suslov Physical Geogr. Asiatic Russia xiv. 517 Desert pea shrub (Caragana grandiflora) grows to a height of 30 inches. 2002 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 23 Mar. e7 There are a few plants that you can use that you would not have to bring inside for the winter, such as..all caraganas (flowering pea shrub). pea-spawn n. see sense 4a. pea-stake n. = pea stick n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > stake for plants fork1389 incrementc1420 stakingc1440 stay1577 stick1577 bean-wood1584 pea stick1745 beanpole1798 stickings1800 bean-stick1823 pea-stake1840 flower-stick1881 pea-bough1885 trainer2004 1840 Cottager's Man. 41 in Libr. Useful Knowl., Husb. III Onions protected..by pea-stakes or bushes, from being injured by frosty winds in the spring. 1917 J. D. Duff tr. S. Aksakoff Russ. Gentleman iv. 140 A kitchen garden containing a few sunflowers and young vegetables and rows of peeled pea-stakes. 2003 Philadelphia Inquirer (Nexis) 27 June e11 New growth will obscure the pea-stakes. pea stick n. a stick used to support a garden pea plant. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > stake for plants fork1389 incrementc1420 stakingc1440 stay1577 stick1577 bean-wood1584 pea stick1745 beanpole1798 stickings1800 bean-stick1823 pea-stake1840 flower-stick1881 pea-bough1885 trainer2004 1745 J. MacSparran Let. Bk. (1899) 27 Harry is come home..& has bro't home Pea Sticks. 1855 ‘E. S. Delamer’ Kitchen Garden 170 Secure a supply of pea-sticks for early spring. 1995 Garden (Royal Hort. Soc.) Nov. 684/1 Its rampant stems..require adequate support; pea sticks or netting suit it admirably. pea straw n. the stalks and leaves of the pea plant, used as fodder or for mulching. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > animal food > [noun] > fodder > hay or straw hayc825 strawc1000 pease-strawa1325 bean-strawc1386 hard meat1481 quitch?1523 meadow1557 pease-bolt1573 salt hay1648 stover1669 barley-straw1678 marsh hay1728 pea straw1735 chaff1772 long forage1794 bog-hay1799 bhusa1829 peavine hay1846 tibbin1900 slough hay1934 1735 P. Collinson Let. 19 June in J. Bartram Corr. (1992) 11 Cover them Well with Pea Straw. 1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon vii. 184 The small pea-straw or haulm, is commonly used as rack-meat for horses. 1991 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 5 Oct. (Weekend Suppl.) 11/2 I espoused the virtues of the product which was a mixture of pea straw, wheat straw and rice hulls. pea stubble n. the stubble of pea plants left standing after the crop has been gathered. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > stubble arrishOE stub1250 stubble1297 pease stubble?1523 pease-etch1573 gratten1577 stumps1585 brush1686 etch1727 pea stubble1743 pease-eddish1789 stubble1792 shacklea1800 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pea > pea-plant > stubble of pea-plants pease stubble?1523 pease-etch1573 pea stubble1743 pease-eddish1789 1743 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman (Dublin ed.) June iii. 17 Another..fallowed his Pea Stubble Stitches into broad Lands in April. 1847 Bell's Weekly Messenger 22 Feb. 61/6 This [sc. seed] was dibbled between the rows of wheat sown upon a pea stubble. 2002 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 27 Dec. 69 Straw products including lucerne hay and pea stubble are readily available from most garden centres. pea-urchin n. a very small round sea urchin, Echinocyamus pusillus. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > phylum Echinodermata > [noun] > subphylum Eleutherozoa > class Echinoidea > miscellaneous types > echinocyamus pusillus (pea-urchin) pea-urchin1841 1841 E. Forbes Hist. Brit. Starfishes 176 The Green Pea-Urchin (Echinocyamus pusillus Muller) has been observed on most parts of the coast of Britain from Devon to Shetland, both east and west. 1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands ii. ix. 237 The pea-urchin is particularly common in Herm. 1964 Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. 2 396 Incidental observations on the feeding of the spatangoid heart-urchins..and the clypeasteroid pea-urchin Echinocyamus, have been made by Nichols. pea-viner n. a machine for picking, washing, and grading peas. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > reaping tools > machine or tool for picking, washing, or grading peas pick1423 viner1902 tenderometer1938 pea-viner1941 1941 Wisconsin: Guide to Badger State (Federal Writers' Project) iii. xii. 433 A pea viner is on the outskirts of Farmington. 1952 J. W. Day New Yeomen of Eng. ii. 32 This giant pea-viner..deals with a ton of peas an hour. It picks them from the vines, washes, and grades them. 1982 E. Anglian Daily Times 20 Nov. 5 The largest harvester around—the Mather and Platt SB8000 pea viner, soon to be produced in Suffolk. pea weevil n. (a) any of several small beetles of the genus Bruchus (family Bruchidae) whose larvae infest and destroy pea plants, esp. the North American B. pisorum, now found also in southern Europe and Britain; (b) = pea and bean weevil n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Phytophaga or Chrysomeloidea > family Bruchiidae or Lariidae > member of genus Bruchus > bruchus pisi (pea weevil) pea-bug1757 pea beetle1777 pea weevil1796 pea-chafer1882 1796 W. D. Peck Nat. Hist. Cankerworm in Rules & Regulations Mass. Soc. Promoting Agric. 36 How destructive is..the Bruchus Pisi or Pea-Wevil to pease..? Every husbandman can answer. 1882 Garden 8 Apr. 231/2 The common Pea weevil..is very injurious to young Pea and Bean plants. 1931 K. M. Smith Textbk. Agric. Entomol. ix. 135 (heading) Sitona lineata Linn. Pea weevil. 1994 Nature 8 Dec. 509/3 Ephedrine in the diet is toxic to the pea weevil. Derivatives ˈpea-like adj. ΚΠ 1704 Nat. Hist. iii, in L. Wafer New Voy. & Descr. Isthmus Amer. (ed. 2) 204 The Male Hard-tail. Is eight or ten Inches long and two broad, on his Side is a row of round Pea-like black spots sprinkled with blew specks. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 248 Centrosema... The large and elegant pea-like flowers. 1960 Farmer & Stockbreeder 8 Mar. (Suppl.) 10/3 As the name suggests the flavour is pea-like with a dash of asparagus. 1987 K. Rushforth Tree Planting & Managem. (1990) 160/2 In this small genus of legumes the pea-like flowers are carried on branches one to many years old. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). pean.³ Brit. /piː/, U.S. /pi/ Forms: 1700s– pea, 1900s– pee (U.S. regional). Origin: Probably formed within English, by back-formation. Etymon: peise n. Etymology: Probably a back-formation < peise n., interpreted as a plural (see α forms at that entry). Compare pea n.² Now U.S. regional (chiefly southern and south Midland). A sliding weight used on a steelyard, safety valve, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > weight or relative heaviness > [noun] > ponderable matter > that which is heavy or a heavy mass > used on account of its weight > specific pea1671 Hercules1794 chock1842 sinker1852 1671 Act in W. H. Browne Arch. Maryland (1884) II. 280 Every person or persons for every time that any persons shall have their Stillyards and pea tryed Stamped and Numbred shall pay vnto such person..the sume of two shillings. 1761 in New Jersey Archives XX. 529 To be sold..a large quantity of old refuse cast Iron,..Sash-weights, Stove-plates, Steelyard-peas, &c. 1838 W. Holloway Gen. Dict. Provincialisms Pea... The weight which is used in weighing anything with the steel-yards. Hants. 1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II Pea,..a weight used in weighing anything with the steelyard. South. 1874 J. Richards Mech. Humour 43 The boilers..had a single safety-valve..with a large rectangular block of cast iron as a weight, or ‘pea’, as it was termed. 1943 North Carolina (Writers' Program) 39 Uncle George set the pea at fifteen pound, and the beam jerked up. 1981 L. A. Pederson et al. Ling. Atlas Gulf States 0223B/080 [Georgia] The pea—weight on cotton scale. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pean.⁴ Brit. /piː/, U.S. /pi/ Forms: 1800s pee, 1800s– pea. Origin: Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: peak n.² Etymology: Perhaps an alteration of peak n.² (compare quot. 1833). Perhaps compare flue n.⁴ 2. Nautical. = peak n.² 5c. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > anchoring equipment > [noun] > anchor > fluke > point of bill1769 peak1793 peac1860 anchor point1877 1833 Penny Cycl. I. 505/1 The bill or peak. (Note, Seamen by custom drop the k in peak and fluke, which they pronounce pea and flue.)] c1860 H. Stuart Novices or Young Seaman's Catech. (rev. ed.) 53 The parts of an anchor. The ring or shackle, the shank, crown, arms, palm, pee or bill, and stock. 1885 Times 3 Dec. 3/4 The pea of the fluke had penetrated. 1948 R. de Kerchove Internat. Maritime Dict. 60/1 Bill, the point that forms the extremities of the flukes of an anchor. Sometimes called Pea. 1982 P. Clissold Layton's Dict. Naut. Words (rev. ed.) 249 Pea, extremity of arm of anchor. Bill, or peak, of anchor. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † peaint. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps an imitative or expressive formation. Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps imitative. Compare pooh int., pew int., etc. N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (pī) /piː/. Obsolete. rare. Expressing impatience or contempt; = pooh n. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > exclamations of contempt [interjection] prut?c1300 trutc1330 truptc1380 ahaa1400 tushc1440 puff1481 quotha?1520 ah?1526 ta ha1528 twish1577 blurt1592 gip1592 pish1592 tantia1593 (God) bless (also save) the mark1593 phah1593 marry come up1597 mew1600 pooh1600 marry muff1602 pew waw1602 ptish1602 pew1604 push1605 pshaw1607 tuh1607 pea1608 poh1650 pooh pooh1694 hoity-toity1695 highty-tighty1699 quoz?1780 indeed1834 shuck1847 skidoo1906 suck1913 zut1915 yah boo1921 pooey1927 ptui1930 snubs1934 upya1941 yah boo sucks1980 1608 T. Middleton Mad World, my Masters i. sig. B2^v Oh fie, fie, wife! Pea, pea, pea, pea, how haue you lost your time? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2019). < n.¹eOEn.²1666n.³1671n.⁴c1860int.1608
随便看	selfverification selfvindication selfviolence selfviolent selfward selfwardness selfwards selfwatering selfweening selfwilful selfwilfulness selfwill selfwilled selfwilledly selfwilledness selfwilles selfwilliness selfwilling selfwillingness selfwilly selfwinding selfwisdom selfwise selfwiseling selfwit

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