PCRn.

Brit.

/ˌpiːsɪˈɑː/, U.S.

/ˌpiˌsiˈɑr/

Origin: Formed within English, as an initialism. Etymon: polymerase chain reaction n. at polymerase n. Compounds.

Etymology: Initialism < the initial letters of polymerase chain reaction n. at polymerase n. Compounds.

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

A technique for producing multiple copies of a chosen sequence of DNA (or in later use also RNA) in a sample, using repeated cycles of denaturation, annealing with primer, and replication with DNA polymerase; = polymerase chain reaction n. at polymerase n. Compounds. Also as a count noun: an instance of this; a test employing this.When PCR is used to produce copies of an initial RNA sequence, an additional primary step is involved in which the enzyme reverse transcriptase is used to transcribe the RNA into DNA.PCR increases the amount of a specific sequence of DNA present in a sample, allowing it to be detected and identified.Recorded earliest as a modifier; cf. Compounds 1.

ΚΠ

1985 R. K. Saiki et al. in Science 20 Dec. 1350/3 The β-globin segment was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure of Mullis and Faloona.

1993 Latest Word Dec. 27/1 PCR is an extraordinarily sensitive technique and currently the fastest and most certain method of detection of the HIV virus available.

2005 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A 102 19188/1 PCRs were run in triplicate for each brain sample, and at least three independent sample pairs were used for each statistical analysis.

2014 Compar. Clin. Pathol. 23 669/1 Blood samples from 100 Esfahan dogs were analysed by PCR to evaluate haemoplasma infection status.

Compounds

C1. General use as a modifier.

ΚΠ

1985 Science 20 Dec. 1353/1 Since all of the previous PCR experiments were done with 1 μg of genomic DNA, we explored the effect of using significantly smaller amounts of DNA as template for PCR amplification.

1996 Epidemiol. & Infection 116 143/2 PCR primers were synthesized to target one of these specific sites within the spvA gene.

2002 Carcinogenesis 23 2006/1 The mice were genotyped by PCR analysis of DNA isolated from tail tips.

2012 D. Quammen Spillover xxx. 158 She sat at a lab bench, not far from the PCR machine, before her own large computer monitor.

C2.

PCR test n. any of various laboratory tests that use PCR to determine the presence of a specific DNA sequence.

ΚΠ

1988 Sci. News 4 June 357/2 In two of the four cases, the men later lost even the small amounts of HIV DNA detectable with PCR tests.

1999 New Scientist 28 Aug. 55/1 (advt.) Serial isolates from individual horses and naturally occurring outbreaks of lower airway disease will be typed by PCR tests.

2021 @maher_kai 29 Sept. in twitter.com (accessed 30 Sept. 2021) Just got a negative PCR test [for the virus causing Covid-19] so I'm going home for the first time in 18 months.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022).

单词	pcr
释义	PCRn. Brit. /ˌpiːsɪˈɑː/, U.S. /ˌpiˌsiˈɑr/ Origin: Formed within English, as an initialism. Etymon: polymerase chain reaction n. at polymerase n. Compounds. Etymology: Initialism < the initial letters of polymerase chain reaction n. at polymerase n. Compounds. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. A technique for producing multiple copies of a chosen sequence of DNA (or in later use also RNA) in a sample, using repeated cycles of denaturation, annealing with primer, and replication with DNA polymerase; = polymerase chain reaction n. at polymerase n. Compounds. Also as a count noun: an instance of this; a test employing this.When PCR is used to produce copies of an initial RNA sequence, an additional primary step is involved in which the enzyme reverse transcriptase is used to transcribe the RNA into DNA.PCR increases the amount of a specific sequence of DNA present in a sample, allowing it to be detected and identified.Recorded earliest as a modifier; cf. Compounds 1. ΚΠ 1985 R. K. Saiki et al. in Science 20 Dec. 1350/3 The β-globin segment was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure of Mullis and Faloona. 1993 Latest Word Dec. 27/1 PCR is an extraordinarily sensitive technique and currently the fastest and most certain method of detection of the HIV virus available. 2005 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A 102 19188/1 PCRs were run in triplicate for each brain sample, and at least three independent sample pairs were used for each statistical analysis. 2014 Compar. Clin. Pathol. 23 669/1 Blood samples from 100 Esfahan dogs were analysed by PCR to evaluate haemoplasma infection status. Compounds C1. General use as a modifier. ΚΠ 1985 Science 20 Dec. 1353/1 Since all of the previous PCR experiments were done with 1 μg of genomic DNA, we explored the effect of using significantly smaller amounts of DNA as template for PCR amplification. 1996 Epidemiol. & Infection 116 143/2 PCR primers were synthesized to target one of these specific sites within the spvA gene. 2002 Carcinogenesis 23 2006/1 The mice were genotyped by PCR analysis of DNA isolated from tail tips. 2012 D. Quammen Spillover xxx. 158 She sat at a lab bench, not far from the PCR machine, before her own large computer monitor. C2. PCR test n. any of various laboratory tests that use PCR to determine the presence of a specific DNA sequence. ΚΠ 1988 Sci. News 4 June 357/2 In two of the four cases, the men later lost even the small amounts of HIV DNA detectable with PCR tests. 1999 New Scientist 28 Aug. 55/1 (advt.) Serial isolates from individual horses and naturally occurring outbreaks of lower airway disease will be typed by PCR tests. 2021 @maher_kai 29 Sept. in twitter.com (accessed 30 Sept. 2021) Just got a negative PCR test [for the virus causing Covid-19] so I'm going home for the first time in 18 months. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022). < n.1985
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