passagen.

Brit.

/ˈpasɪdʒ/, U.S.

/ˈpæsɪdʒ/ (in sense 10b)Brit.

/paˈsɑːʒ/,

/pəˈsɑːʒ/, U.S.

/pəˈsɑʒ/

Forms: Middle English pasage, Middle English passagche, Middle English– passage, 1500s passag, 1500s–1600s passadge; Scottish pre-1700 pasage, pre-1700 pasis (rare), pre-1700 passadge, pre-1700 passag, pre-1700 passaig, pre-1700 passaige, pre-1700 passeg, pre-1700 1700s– passage; also Irish English 1500s passade (perhaps transmission error), 1500s passadge.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French passage.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French passage place where there is a way through, mountain pass (c1100), action of passing (c1165), part of a text (c1176), ferry-toll (c1176), crossing, ford, ferry, expedition overseas (first half of the 13th cent.), path, way (1295 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), word, speech (a1504), sexual intercourse (1561), movement in manège (1611, after Italian passaggio : see below) and its apparent etymon post-classical Latin passaticum , passatgium , passagium , passuagium ferry-toll (10th cent.; frequently 1111–16th cent. in British sources), ferry, means of transport over water (frequently 1086–1499 in British sources), crossing, expedition overseas (frequently from early 12th cent. in British sources), duty to cross sea in king's service (1203 in a British source), passage-way, path (c1260, 1502, 1558 in British sources), passing of time (13th cent. in a British source), transport of goods (1338, 1346 in British sources), right to pass through or across (from 1428 in British sources), apparently partly < passare pass v. + -aticum -age suffix, and partly < passus (see pace n.¹) + -aticum -age suffix. Compare Old Occitan, Occitan passatge (a1195), Catalan passatge (a1300), Spanish pasaje (1247 as passage), Portuguese passagem (13th cent.), Italian passaggio (a1257; 1562 in manège sense).With of passage (see sense 1e) compare French de passage (1549 in Middle French in oiseau de passage).

I. The action of passing, and related senses.

a. The action of going or moving onward, across, or past; movement from one place or point to another, or over or through a space or medium; transit.With of or with possessive, indicating the person or thing that passes; more rarely indicating the medium or space which is crossed (see quot. a1393). †of passage: (of a person) itinerant, passing through a place without staying in it (see quot. 1680 and cf. sense 1e) (obsolete rare).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [noun]

leadinga1300

passagec1300

overstyinga1382

overpassingc1384

transita1500

pass1602

transitation1605

transcursion1624

transcent1626

transmeation1630

pertransition1653

tranation1654

transcurrence1656

coming1726

traversion1838

the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > swift movement of time > [adjective]

slidinga900

scrithingOE

henwardOE

swifta1225

short livya1325

passing1340

flittingc1374

shadowy1374

temporalc1384

speedfula1400

transitory?c1400

brittlea1425

unabidingc1430

frail?c1450

indurablec1450

scrithel?c1475

caduke1483

transitorious1492

passanta1500

perishinga1500

caducea1513

fugitive?1518

caducal?1548

quick1548

delible1549

flittering1549

undurable?1555

shadowish1561

fleeting1563

vading1566

flightful1571

wanzing1571

transitive1575

slipping1581

diary1583

unlasting1585

never-lasting1588

flit1590

post-like1594

running1598

short-lived1598

short-winded1598

transient1599

unpermanent1607

flashy1609

of a day1612

passable1613

dureless1614

urgenta1616

waxena1616

decayable1617

horary1620

evanid1626

fugitable1628

short-dated1632

fugacious1635

ephemerala1639

impermanent1653

fungous1655

volatile1655

ephemerousa1660

unimmortal1667

timesome1674

while-being1674

of passage1680

journal1685

ephemeron1714

admovent1727

evanescent1728

meteorous1750

deciduous1763

preterient1786

ephemeridal1795

meteorica1802

meteor1803

ephemerean1804

ephemerid1804

evanescing1805

fleeted1810

fleet1812

unenduring1814

unremaining1817

unimmortalized1839

impersistent1849

flighty1850

uneternal1862

caducous1863

diurnal1866

horarious1866

brisk1879

evasive1881

picaresque1959

c1300 Vision St. Paul (Laud) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1874) 52 35 (MED) A ful heiȝh brugge and vnguod Was maked ouer þat foule flod To habbe redie passage.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) ii. 2209 (MED) He wolde..The passage of the water take, And..this ladi..bere unto that other stronde.

a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 1675 (MED) The newe fame ran..with ful swift passage Vnto Thebes of this mariage.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 90 Þou schalt..constreyne þat veyne or arterie þat þe blood mowe haue no passage ne out goynge bi þat plaace.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Ai The passage of the children of Israel from Egipt.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 3 Yeeld to the wynds passadge, duck downe theire fleete wyth a tempest.

1670 G. Havers tr. G. Leti Il Cardinalismo di Santa Chiesa iii. iii. 296 They found..two Callous Glandules..obstructing the passage of his Urine.

1680 W. Temple Ess. Advancem. Trade Ireland in Wks. (1720) I. 120 The poorer Traders, or the young Beginners, or those of Passage.

1702 N. Rowe Tamerlane ii. i 546 Not far from hence The Captives were to wait the Emperor's Passage.

1769 Ann. Reg. 1768 67 To observe..the passage of Venus over the sun's disk on the 3d of June 1769.

1831 W. Youatt Horse viii. 152 The voice of animals is produced by the passage of air through this aperture.

1885 H. W. Watson & S. H. Burbury Math. Theory Electr. & Magn. I. 236 A cell in which no chemical actions can take place on the passage of the current.

1923 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 104 197 The cloud track..has been formed by the passage of a β-particle.

2001 Cats June 38/2 Fipronil blocks the passage of chloride through cells in the nervous system.

b. to give passage: to allow to pass; to allow access. With to indicating either something that passes or the place something passes to.

ΚΠ

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 75^v The extreme endes of the vretarie vessels: which both giue passage to the vrine discendyng into the bleddar.

1662 C. Merrett tr. A. Neri Art of Glass 364 Great Iron bars..hinder the passing of the coals, but give passage to the descent of the ashes.

1753 E. F. Haywood Hist. Jemmy & Jenny Jessamy III. xiv. 135 She stopp'd to give passage to some sighs which had been labouring in her bosom.

1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 96 All the holes which commonly give passage to nerves were obliterated.

1876 H. James Roderick Hudson i. 35 The door opened and gave passage to a young girl.

1982 W. L. Heat Moon Blue Highways vi. v. 225 Spaniards coming in search of the mythical Straits of Anian that would give passage to the east.

†c. The extension of a line, string, etc., from one point to another; an extent. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > [noun] > that which has length > extending in length

passage1615

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 485 They are like to nerues in their passage, colour and vse.

1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 247 It divides, after a short passage, into four very distinct bundles.

†d. The passing by of people; passers-by collectively. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > traveller > [noun] > one who passes > collectively

passagea1616

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) v. i. 38 What ho, no watch, no passage, murder, murder.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. i. 100 If by strong hand you offer to breake in Now in the stirring passage of the day.

1886 R. L. Stevenson Strange Case Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde 4 Even on Sunday, when it [sc. the street] lay comparatively empty of passage.

e. (a) bird of passage n. [compare French oiseau de passage (1549 in Middle French)] a migratory bird; (in later use) spec. a passage migrant; (figurative) a person who passes through or visits a place without staying long; (also) an itinerant, a tramp. †(b) fish of passage n. a migratory fish (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > traveller > [noun] > stopping only for a short time

bird of passage1717

transient1740

passage migrant1932

the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > migration > migratory bird

summer bird1575

passenger1579

bird of passage1717

refugee1764

migrant1768

migrater1770

migrator1836

wanderer1837

traveller1874

passage bird1878

passage migrant1932

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel from place to place > [noun] > without fixed aim or wandering > vagrancy or vagabondage > vagabond or tramp

harlot?c1225

raikera1400

vacabond1404

vagrant1444

gangrela1450

briber?c1475

palliard1484

vagabondc1485

rogue1489

wavenger1493

hermit1495

gaberlunzie1508

knight of the field1508

loiterer1530

straggler1530

runagate1534

ruffler1535

hedge-creeper1548

Abraham man1567

cursitor1567

runner1567

walker1567

tinker1575

traveller1598

Tartar1602

stravagant1606

wagand1614

Circumcellion1623

meechera1625

hedge-bird1631

gaberlunzie man1649

tramp1664

stroller1681

jockey1685

bird of passage1717

randy1724

tramper1760

stalko1804

vagabondager1813

rintherout1814

piker1838

pikey1838

beachcomber1840

roadster1851

vagabondizer1860

roustabout1862

bum1864

migratory1866

potter1867

sundowner1868

vag1868

walkabout1872

transient1877

Murrumbidgee whaler1878

rouster1882

run-the-hedge1882

whaler1883

shaughraun1884

heather-cat1886

hobo1889

tussocker1889

gay cat1893

overlander1898

stake-man1899

stiff1899

bindle-stiff1900

dingbat1902

stew-bum1902

tired Tim (also Timothy)1906

skipper1925

Strandlooper1927

knight of the road1928

hobohemian1936

plain turkey1955

scrub turkey1955

derro1963

jakey1988

crusty1990

the world > animals > fish > [noun] > migratory fish

runner1700

fish of passage1728

1633 A. B. tr. J.-P. Camus Sprituall Director Disinteressed ii. vi. 143 I haue herto fore discouered certaine Tiercelets as birds of passage comming from a farr, makeing their roundes and visits, exerciseing in laye families and purely secular, vnder the cloake of these filiations.

1717 Philos. Trans. 1714–16 (Royal Soc.) 29 526 They [sc. flamingos] sometimes visit us here in Europe, and so may be accounted amongst the Migratory Kind, or Birds of Passage.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) There are also Fishes of Passage, as Herrings, Mackerel, &c.

1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker I. 150 The..entertainments of Bath are over for this season; and all our gay birds of passage have taken their flight to Bristol-well, Tunbridge..&c.

1797 T. Holcroft tr. F. L. Stolberg Trav. (ed. 2) III. lxxxiv. 348 The sword fish is a fish of passage.

1808 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. V. 384 Herrings..mackerel, cod-fish, whitings, haddocks, and some others, may with propriety be called fish of passage.

1879 M. E. Braddon Cloven Foot xxviii I am only in town as a bird of passage.

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xx. 589 The birds of passage in the strict sense..usually rest for a short time only in a country like Britain.

1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. 103 Bird of passage, wallaby tracker, tourist, footman and professional pedestrian, are often applied to itinerants.

1988 G. Greene Captain & Enemy iv. 54 No, no. I won't stay long. I'm only a bird of passage.

2003 Western Morning News (Plymouth) (Nexis) 17 Feb. 2 The island..is a convenient stopping off point for many birds of passage.

f. The migration or migratory flight of a bird; (in later use) esp. the action of passing over or through a place in the course of migration (often in on passage); an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > migration

migrationa1633

passage1747

migrating1815

bird migration1908

abmigration1923

1747 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 44 438 There seems no Necessity for a precipitate Passage, because every Day's Passage affords them Increase of Warmth.

1772 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 62 265 I mean by the word Migration, a periodical passage by a whole species of birds across a considerable extent of sea.

1884 Science 8 Feb. 158/2 There was, night and day, an enormous rush, under circumstances of wind and weather, which..are most unfavorable to a good passage.

1932 Jrnl. Ecol. 20 375 Some individuals..were probably on passage, both of the species mentioned and of the wheatears.

1951 Jrnl. Animal Ecol. 20 64/2 Clay & Meinertzhagen..saw a passage of redstarts, flycatchers, shrikes and hirundines through the Port de Gavarnie on 21 April.

1994 Ringing & Migration 15 119 These are real microhabitat choices, which have rarely been demonstrated for passerines on passage.

†a. A boat or ship as a means of conveyance over water. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > progressive motion > [noun]

goinga1250

passagec1300

passingc1350

progressiona1460

local motion1551

progress1564

pass1602

traverse1663

locomoving1704

roll1827

onwards1943

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > [noun]

passagec1300

carriagea1398

port1598

conveyancea1616

vehicle1641

conveniency1660

convenience1671

machine1687

voiture1698

transportation1853

c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 56 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 108 (MED) Heo cam to þe se and redi fond hire passage.

c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 97 (MED) He passes to þat port his passage to seche; Fyndes he a fayr schyp to þe fare redy.

1473 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 465 I praye yow wryght ageyn, and sende it by the next passage.

b. A journey by water or (formerly) land; a voyage, a sea crossing; (formerly also) †an expedition (obsolete); on passage: travelling by sea, sailing.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] > journey across or through

overpassingc1384

passagea1393

transpassage1603

transcursion1624

trajet1741

traject1774

percurration1785

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. 3291 (MED) He..schop anon for his passage, And..othre knihtes..With him he tok.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 19990 (MED) It was þe first passage þat þe apostels in parti Mad.

c1450 Mandeville's Trav. (Coventry) (1973) 846 (MED) Shippis..for hir passage Takith of that sande for thaire lastage.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 59 Foorth we take oure passadge, oure sayles ful winged vp hoysting.

1602 J. Brereton Briefe Relation Discouerie Virginia 3 We made our Iourney shorter.., yet were wee longer in our passage than we expected.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World vii. 161 With an incidental Account of the first Inducements that made the Privateers undertake the passage.

1798 S. Lee Young Lady's Tale in H. Lee Canterbury Tales II. 434 He..resolved rather to endure the tediousness of a passage by sea.

1836 F. Marryat Mr. Midshipman Easy I. xi. 159 He had suffered all the horrors of a passage in a slave ship.

1892 Daily News 11 May 3/5 Wheat..further sagged down owing to the increase in amount on passage.

1990 Lifeboat (RNLI) Spring 225/3 The helmsman made a very difficult but skilled transfer to a pilot launch which was on passage nearby.

c. The right or permission to travel as a passenger, esp. by sea; accommodation as a passenger.to work one's passage: see work v. Phrases 7.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > authorization to travel to, from, or in a country > [noun]

passport1521

passport letter1585

passage1589

waygate?c1690

society > travel > travel by water > transportation by water > [noun] > right or accommodation as passenger

passage1589

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > public passenger transport > [noun] > (right of) conveyance as a passenger

passage1589

1589 R. Lane in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 737 The second part, shall set downe the reasons generally mouing vs to resolue on our departure at the instant with the General Sir Frauncis Drake, and our common request for passage with him.

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 6 Carasio..having agreed with the mariners for their passage, acquainted therewith Polemiro.

1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 305 We gave him his Passage, that is to say, bore his Charges.

1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins Voy. to South-seas 199 That the Governor would give us a Pass, and that we would work for our Passage.

1824 R. Southey Bk. of Church I. 311 They might purchase a free passage through Purgatory, or at least, an abbreviation of the term.

1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 36 And clothes they gave him and free passage home.

1929 H. L. Foster Combing Caribbees v. 50 Several Dominicans had booked passage with us to Fort de France.

2002 C. Slaughter Before Knife i. 10 He'd booked passage on a ship to Africa.

†3. A charge or duty levied on a passenger or on goods being transported: a toll. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > toll for passing through > [noun]

through-toll1228

passagea1325

pedagea1382

peage1448

podagea1450

passage money1474

thorough toll1567

toll traverse1567

rahdar1623

rahdari1627

gate-penny1693

rahdarage1698

passage-gelt1712

traverse1754

likin1862

a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) vii. 46 Þe lord king grauntez, þat..of..tollage, tronage, passage, pontage..lith fram nou forthward assise of nouele disseisine.

a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. 670 (MED) Fre tenauntis ought..to be quyte..of tol and passage, of pountage and tallage and lestage, and of all other customs.

?c1525 Robyn Hode in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1889) III. vi. 425 Yet was he never so curteyse a potter, As one peny passage to paye.

1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia iii. iv. 70 Immunities and Exemptions from Theolonie, Pontage,..Passage, Tranage,..Cariage, &c.

a1797 E. Burke Ess. Abridgm. Eng. Hist. (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1812) V. 609 The payment of tolls, passages, paages, pontages and innumerable other vexatious imposts.

1812 S. Seyer Bristol Charters Eng. 1 My burgesses of Bristol..shall be quit both of toll and passage, and all custom, throughout my whole land.

1883 J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. I. 6 They claim to be quit of..passage, pontage and lastage.

4. figurative.

a. A transition from one state or condition to another, spec. through death; a transition or progress through a period, stage, etc.; a transition in thought or speech from one point, idea, or subject to another.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > [noun] > continuous progress or advance of anything

tenor1398

coursec1460

passage1579

current1587

racec1590

profluencea1639

runlong1674

development1756

fore-march1822

upbuilding1876

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) ii. 3036 (MED) Ate laste of thi passage, Thi deth was to the houndes like.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 128^v Þey þat beþ I-chose makeþ passage fro fleisch to spirit.

a1450 St. Katherine (Richardson 44) (1884) 67 (MED) Graunt that we mot deserue..good passage out of thys lyf.

1516 St. Bridget (Pynson) in J. H. Blunt Mirror our Lady (1873) p. lii A lytel before hir blessyd passage out of this world.

1579 W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue f. 52 The bookes of H. N. do make a more easie passage..to the vnderstandyng thereof.

1619 A. Gorges tr. F. Bacon Wisedome Ancients vi. 26 There is a ready and shorte passage from Metaphysicke to naturàll Theologie.

1740 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature App. 288 The passage from doubt and agitation to tranquility and repose.

1769 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad. (1876) ii. 317 Students..this day rewarded for their happy passage through the first period.

1839 R. I. Murchison Silurian Syst. i. xxxiv. 450 The passage of the red marl into the lias is here well exposed.

1871 B. Stewart Heat (ed. 2) §85 The passage of bodies from the solid to the liquid state.

1926 J. S. Huxley Ess. Pop. Sci. 259 This passage from a regulating to a non-regulating condition takes place during gastrulation.

1990 Bull. Hispanic Stud. 67 412/2 An abrupt passage from the darkness of the Middle Ages to the light of the Renaissance.

2001 Veranda July–Aug. 172/1 The ritualistic burning and breaking was an effort to ‘kill’ the objects so they could make the passage from this world to the next.

b. Death. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > [noun]

hensithOE

qualmOE

bale-sithea1000

endingc1000

fallOE

forthsitheOE

soulingOE

life's endOE

deathOE

hethensithc1200

last end?c1225

forthfarec1275

dying1297

finec1300

partingc1300

endc1305

deceasec1330

departc1330

starving1340

passingc1350

latter enda1382

obita1382

perishingc1384

carrion1387

departing1388

finishmentc1400

trespassement14..

passing forthc1410

sesse1417

cess1419

fininga1425

resolutiona1425

departisona1450

passagea1450

departmentc1450

consummation?a1475

dormition1483

debt to (also of) naturea1513

dissolutionc1522

expirationa1530

funeral?a1534

change1543

departure1558

last change1574

transmigration1576

dissolving1577

shaking of the sheets?1577

departance1579

deceasure1580

mortality1582

deceasing1591

waftage1592

launching1599

quietus1603

doom1609

expire1612

expiring1612

period1613

defunctiona1616

Lethea1616

fail1623

dismissiona1631

set1635

passa1645

disanimation1646

suffering1651

abition1656

Passovera1662

latter (last) end1670

finis1682

exitus1706

perch1722

demission1735

demise1753

translation1760

transit1764

dropping1768

expiry1790

departal1823

finish1826

homegoing1866

the last (also final, great) round-up1879

snuffing1922

fade-out1924

thirty1929

appointment in Samarra1934

dirt nap1981

big chill1987

a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 3437 (MED) Who in ȝouth passeth þis passage, he is eskaped..al sorowe and trouble of this present lyff.

a1500 tr. A. Chartier Traité de l'Esperance (Rawl.) (1974) 41 (MED) Aftir your passage ye must make acompte.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iii. 86 When he is fit and seasond for his passage .

1693 Humours & Conversat. Town 13 A perpetual Requiem for your Soul before its Passage.

1737 R. Challoner Catholick Christian Instructed xii. 140 To admonish the Faithful to pray for him that God may grant him a happy Passage.

1837 K. H. Digby Mores Catholici VIII. viii. vi. 593/2 He therefore renounced all relation with the world, and prepared for his holy passage.

1978 K. Gordon Emerald Peacock xv. 184 They died quickly, knowing nothing—when our time comes, may we have as easy a passage.

†c. Music. A progression from one note to another by intermediate notes; a temporary alteration of rhythm. Also: a short series of notes forming such a progression; a brief flourish or phrase. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > phrase

passagec1570

phrase1770

phraselet1925

society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > ornament > [noun] > flourish

passagec1570

division1590

flourish1646

variation1730

fioritura1841

floriation1895

c1570 Art of Music (BL Add. 4911) f. 23^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Passagle Sincopa..is ane passaig of ane semebrewe or ane mynnym be the middis of tua thrie four fyve or sax mair noittis.

1610 T. Campion New Way Counter-point sig. C5^v This passage from the flat to the sharpe would be vnformall.

1664 J. Playford Brief Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 4) i. 59 Observing the same Rule in making the passages of Division by some few Quavers to Notes and to Cadences, not exceeding the Value of a quarter or half a Semibrief at most.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Passage, in Music, a Portion of an Air, or Tune, consisting of several little Notes, as Quavers, Demi-quavers, &c. lasting one, two, or at most, three Measures.

1767 Ess. in Ann. Reg. 199/2 The Italians solfa'd our most pathetic airs, without discovering either passage or tune.

d. The passing of time or a period of time.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > [noun] > course or passage of time

process1357

concoursec1400

coursec1460

successionc1485

passing-by1523

by-passing1526

slacka1533

continuancea1552

race1565

prolapse1585

current1587

decurse1593

passage1596

drifting1610

flux1612

effluxion1621

transcursion1622

decursion1629

devolution1629

progression1646

efflux1647

preterition1647

processus1648

decurrence1659

progress1664

fluxation1710

elapsing1720

currency1726

lapse1758

elapse1793

time-lapse1864

wearing1876

1596 R. Linche Certaine Sonnets in Diella sig. D^v Griefe, though drowsie euer, yet neuer sleepes,..Duly the passage of each houre he keepes.

1640 R. Brathwait Two Lancs. Lovers xxiv. 203 And tedious had the passage of those houres been had not some merriment allaid it.

1678 R. L'Estrange tr. Of Happy Life xix. 249 in Seneca's Morals Abstracted (1679) The Passage of Time is wonderfully quick, and a Man must look Backward to see it.

1796 F. Burney Camilla III. v. vi. 78 She was thus employed, unnoticing the passage of time, when Mrs. Arlbery tapped at her door.

1835 M. W. Shelley Lodore III. vi. 67 To quicken the passage of time, Ethel employed herself in netting a purse.

1847 W. E. Channing Poems 155 Those solitudes can fairly sate The passage of my loneliest day.

1908 Westm. Gaz. 15 Apr. 1/3 The inexorable and hardening passage of twenty years.

1956 S. Wilson Man in Gray Flannel Suit xviii. 140 The old grandfather's clock which had marked the passage of Tom's boyhood continued to mourn the loss of each hour.

1991 C. A. Ronan Nat. Hist. Universe 63/1 As a body approaches a black hole the immense gravitational field causes the passage of time for that body to slow down.

e. in passage: in passing, by the way. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > topic, subject-matter > [adverb] > in passing

by the way?1520

in passing by1598

passant1602

passantly1602

in passage1605

in the bygoing1637

obviously1658

by the by?1710

passingly1836

in passing1849

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Aa3 These Fundamental knowledges haue bene studied but in passage .

1950 Penguin New Writing 40 18 My father, whom I should say, in passage, was a devilish man.

f. rite of passage: see as main entry.

a. An opportunity to pass; the power, permission, or right to pass. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [noun] > permission for other specific actions

passage1417

wayleave1427

repassage1429

wood-leave1503

goodwill1553

exclaustration1945

1417 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. I. 63 (MED) Ye oure Chanceller doo make unto thaim soufficeant Writtes of passage, in suche wyse as thai may have redy passage owt of oure land.

a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) 2987 He me grauntide full gladly The passage of the outter hay.

1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. H2 She made passage to her choller in these termes of contempt.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 122 All approach farr off to fright, And guard all passage to the Tree of Life.

1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc v The shatter'd roofs Allow'd the dews of night free passage.

1846 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 II. ii. 79 The refusal to give a passage through Nepal to a British force intended to take possession of Lassa.

1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 454/1 The headwaters of the streams which gave them passage to the heart of the country.

1951 Progressive Archit. Jan. 49 The pair of two-level ‘finger’ concourses allows passage to plane-loading points.

†b. Toleration, permission. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [noun]

leaveeOE

yleaveOE

willOE

grant?c1225

thaving?c1225

grantisea1300

licence1362

grace1389

pardona1425

libertyc1425

patiencec1425

permission1425

sufferingc1460

congee1477

legencea1500

withganga1500

favour1574

beleve1575

permittance1580

withgate1599

passage1622

sufferage1622

attolerance1676

sanction1738

permiss-

1622 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. VI. O.T. xvii. 271 He [sc. Solomon] gaue not passage only to the Idolatrie of his heathenish wiues, but furtherance.

†6. Originally Scottish. General currency or acceptance, spec. of coinage. Chiefly in to have passage: to be generally acceptable. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > quality of being approvable or acceptable > [noun]

passage1488

admittance1534

acceptableness1565

avowablenessa1631

acceptability1647

approvableness1820

OK-ness1935

1488 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) II. 208/2 And a penny of gold to haue passage for xx of the saidis groitis.

1545 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 10 Double dukatis..quhilkis commonly hes course in France for lxxx and xvis. and ar worth samekle to have passage in this realm.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. G1^v As if the multitude..were not readie to giue passage, rather to that which is popular and superficiall.

1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. viii. 53 I..render this treatise intelligible to euery rationall man..(among whom I expect it will haue a fairer passage, then among those that are already deepely imbued with other principles).

1668 Irvine Deeds (MS) in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (1983) V. 346/2 Having uswall course & passage within the said kingdome.

7. The passing of a bill so that it becomes law.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legislation > [noun] > passing into law

passing1496

passage1587

enacting1631

enaction1796

enactment1817

inuring1885

1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) ii. viii. 174/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I This is the order of the passage of our lawes.

1668 A. Marvell Let. 11 Apr. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 72 It is a businesse of that weight that I scarse belieue it can haue a passage this session.

1805 J. Marshall Life of Washington V. 344 The opinion..derived additional support from the passage of an act by the present Congress.

1893 Times 2 May 10/1 The passage of any measure resembling this would be a deadly blow at landed property in Ireland.

1931 J. T. Adams Epic of Amer. ix. 240 The passage of a more stringent fugitive-slave law.

2002 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 21 Nov. 16/3 Johnson, through a series of sleights of hand, trade-offs, and cross-calculations..engineered the bill through to passage.

†8. The action or an act of defecation (or urination). In plural: †faeces (obsolete). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [noun]

purgationa1387

shitting1386

officec1395

outpassinga1398

subduction?a1425

easementa1438

cuckingc1440

siegea1475

evacuation?1533

stool1541

egestion1547

dunging1558

purging1579

stooling1599

cackc1600

motion1602

dejection1605

excretion1640

exclusion1646

purgament1650

exoneration1651

disenteration1654

orduring1654

crapping1673

passage1681

seat1697

opening1797

defecation1825

excreting1849

poopc1890

movement1891

job1899

shit?1927

crap1937

dump1942

soiling1943

gick1959

jobbie1981

pooh1981

1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem ii. 8 There turpentine..His medicine for passage sweer That for the van these for the reer.

1778 Prince of Wales in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 416 He took medicine three or four times during the day in order to procure a passage.

1809 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 21 480 He..has been repeatedly from eighteen to twenty-five days without a passage.

1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 106 Late in the attack the passages are in most cases very light clay-colored, or even whitish.

9. Dressage. A slow, elevated trot, in which the legs are raised and lowered in diagonal pairs with a graceful and prolonged suspension.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > special movements performed by trained horse > [noun] > types of trot

passage1728

piaffer1754

Spanish march1884

Spanish trot1884

piaffe1899

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Passage, or Passege, in the Manage, an Action wherein the Horse raises two Legs together, a hind and a fore Leg, in Form of St. Andrew's Cross.

1884 E. L. Anderson Mod. Horsemanship ii. xvii. 146 The Passage..is a slow brilliant trot, in which the horse brings each pair of diagonal legs to the ground at exactly the same moment.

1992 Morgan Horse Nov. 53/1 Everyone knows what a great talent the Lippizans have for piaffe and passage.

10.

a. The action of causing something to go past, across, or through; transmission, transference.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > transference > [noun] > transmission or passing on

communicationc1384

delation1578

transfusion1578

transmission1611

conveyance1646

transmitting1671

transmit1672

transmittal1735

transmittance1855

passage1860

transjection?1867

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. ii. 20 As fine as if produced by the passage of a rake.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 73 The unskilful passage of an œsophageal bougie.

1935 C. J. Smith Intermediate Physics (ed. 2) v. xliii. 701 Acidulated water..may be decomposed by the passage of the discharge from a Wimshurst machine.

1991 Soldier 28 Oct. 19/3 Of key importance to the rapid passage of battle information during the exercise was the Divisional Computer System.

2001 Daily Tel. 31 Aug. 22/7 The latest form of treatment uses anti-convulsant drugs..to prevent the passage of pain along the nerve.

b. Medicine and Biology. The process of passing microorganisms, cells, or parasites through a succession of living hosts or cultures so as to maintain them or modify their virulence; (also) the period (from inoculation to extraction) spent by such microorganisms, etc., in each host or culture.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [noun] > passage

passage1896

syringe passage1946

1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 531 The virulence of many organisms may..be permanently or temporarily increased..by passing the organisms through a series of animals (a process which is called ‘passage’).

1926 G. H. Smith tr. F. d'Herelle Bacteriophage iv. 160 The virulence of a bacteriophage may be exalted by successive passages in suspensions of a susceptible bacterium.

1945 Jrnl. Immunol. 51 390 A chorio-allantoic suspension of the 259th chick embryo passage.

1973 Nature 18 May 163/1 These tumours are transplantable and have been transplanted for up to six consecutive passages.

2003 Jrnl. Clin. Microbiol. 41 5 Strains from seven countries were subjected to serial daily passage in drug-free medium.

II. A place where there is a way through.

11.

a. A route by which a person or thing may pass; a road, a path, a passageway; a narrow lane between buildings; a mountain pass; a duct or channel, esp. in the body.north-east, north-west passage: see under the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > [noun] > travelling across or through

passagec1300

transita1500

traversing1524

traverse1563

thorough-faring?1575

pass1602

peragration1611

traject1852

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, passage, or means of access to a place > [noun]

patheOE

gangOE

gangwayOE

passagec1300

wenta1325

goingc1350

transit1440

way-wenta1450

accessa1460

traduct1535

conveyance1542

ancoming1589

passado1599

avenue1600

passageway?1606

pass1608

way-ganga1628

approach1633

duct1670

waygate?c1690

way-goa1694

vent1715

archway1802

passway1825

approach road1833

fairway1903

c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 1323 (MED) Hi makede me reue, To kepe þis passage Fram horn.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 2139 (MED) Loke þat hirde-men wel kepe þe komune passage.

a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 1394 (MED) Þis world es þe way and passage, Þurgh whilk lyes our pilgrimage.

1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII c. 41 In any towne or village being a thoroughfare or common passag within this realme.

1553 R. Eden in tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India Pref. sig. aaviij^v Into the frosen sea..& so forth to Cathay (yf any suche passage may be found).

1588 T. Hariot Briefe Rep. Virginia c3/2 It..openeth all the pores & passages of the body.

1627–8 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 187 The open passadge in the middell of the Churche.

1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 62 They are surrounded with high Mountains; so that one cannot enter, or go out, but thro' a Defilé or narrow Passage.

1768 L. Sterne Serm. iv. 67 The single hint of the Camel and what a very narrow passage he has to go, has more coercion in it, than all the seesaws of philosophy.

1801 R. Southey Thalaba II. vi. 18 Was it the toil of human hands That hewed a passage in the rock?

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth vii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd ser. II. 197 She avoided the High Street..and reached the wynd by the narrow lanes... But even these comparatively lonely passages were now astir with passengers.

1943 K. L. Pike Phonetics iv. 58 The closure of the nasal passage is therefore a velic closure.

1989 G. Daly Pre-Raphaelites in Love ii. 32 A narrow little passage, not even really a street.

b. A place at which a river may be crossed; a ford, ferry, or bridge. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > place where something may be crossed

ferry1286

passage?a1400

trajecta1552

crossing1632

trajection1637

pass1649

rack1659

crossing-place1763

river crossing1839

transit1852

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 13454 Þei biried him at an heremitage bisid Chinnun, at a passage.

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 177 (MED) Þat streyt passage men clepen in þat contree Clyron, And þat is the passage þat þe queen of Amazoine maketh to ben kept.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 301 There was a grete ryver and but one passage.

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lii. 176 When I cam to ony passage of water he wolde caste me in his necke..& bere me ouer.

1611 Bible (King James) Judges xii. 6 Then they tooke him, and slewe him at the passages of Iordan.

1650 E. Bland in C. W. Alvord & L. Bidgood First Explor. of Trans-Allegheny Region (1912) 118 From this Creeke is another..and the passage lies some two hundred paces from the Path.

1779 S. Rudder New Hist. Gloucestershire 492 In this parish are two ferries over the Severn. The uppermost, or Old Passage, is in the Tything of Aust.

1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. vii. 50 Its several ‘crossings’ have been divided into the South, the Middle, and the Northern passages.

1993 W. Baldwin Hard to catch Mercy xiii. 398 An ox cart that forded the passage from Brittle Branch, Ajax.

c. A corridor giving access to the various rooms or divisions of a building, ship, etc., or running between two rooms; a gallery, lobby, or hall.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > passage or corridor > [noun]

alley1363

tresance1428

passagea1525

gallery1541

trance1545

through-passage1575

lobby1596

passageway?1606

conduit1624

gangway1702

vista1708

glidec1710

aisle1734

gallery1756

corridor1814

traverse1822

heck1825

rotunda1847

scutchell1847

zaguan1851

aisleway1868

pend1893

dogtrot1901

fairway1903

dog run1904

dog walk1938

walkout1947

coulisse1949

a1525 Bk. Sevyne Sagis 2344, in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 75 Ane preve passage for to mak.

1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Q6^v At the West end of this glorious Councell hall.., there is a passage into another most stately roome.

1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 245 I was in the Passage, or Entry of the House.

1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island i. vi. 45 The servant led us down a matted passage, and showed us at the end into a great library.

1929 M. de la Roche Whiteoaks i. 1 A passage covered by striped red and white awning led to the hall of the Coliseum.

1995 E. Toman Dancing in Limbo i. 23 The young pup left his bicycle in the passage. I'm never done tripping over it.

III. Dice.

12. A gambling game for two people played with three dice, in which the aim is to throw a double over ten. Cf. pass-dice n. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > other dice games

rafflec1405

passagec1425

treygobet1426

mumchance1528

trey-trip1564

lots?1577

novum?1577

fox-mine-host1622

in and in1630

merry main1664

snake1688

pass-dice1753

chicken hazard1781

Shaking in the Shallow1795

sequin hazard1825

chuck-a-luck1836

Newmarket1837

chicken1849

poker dice1870

under and over1890

sweat1894

crown and anchor1902

Murrumbidgee1917

beetle1936

liar dice1946

Yahtzee1957

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 836 Adevaunte, hasard, and passage; Ȝif on haue Ioye, Anoþer suffereþ wo, Liche as þe bonys renne to and fro.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 11194 I will..pleyn..at the dees..Bothe at hassard & passage.

1522 Worlde & Chylde (de Worde) (1909) sig. C.iii And than we wyll with lombardes at passage playe.

1602 2nd Pt. Returne fr. Parnassus Prol. 12 You that knowe what it is to play at primero, or passage.

1680 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester (ed. 2) 119 Passage is a Game at dice to be played at but by two, and it is performed with three Dice. The Caster throws continually till he hath thrown Dubblets under ten, and then he is out and loseth; or Dubblets above ten, and then he passeth and wins.

1739–40 Act 13 Geo. II c. 19 §9 A certain game called Passage is now daily practiced and carried on, to the ruin and impoverishment of many of his Majesty's subjects.

a1753 P. Drake Memoirs (1755) II. xvi. 262 The Games of Rowly Powly and Passage..all these Games were suppressed by Parliament.

1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel I. xi. 308 He is the well-known and general referee in all matters affecting the mysteries of Passage, Hazard, In and In, Penneeck and Verquire.

1932 E. Sitwell Bath 109 They [sc. gamblers] invented, therefore, Passage, Roly-Poly, [etc.].

IV. An episode or section.

13.

a. A section of a speech, text, play, etc., considered by itself, and usually of small extent; an extract relating to a particular subject.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > piece or quantity of

i-writeOE

writlOE

hand-writc1175

scritec1325

scripta1350

writingc1384

letterc1390

write1428

briefa1450

titlec1450

scroll1534

escript1550

passagec1550

hand write1567

side1579

scrieve1581

manuscript1600

sheetful1711

page1743

slateful1836

chirograph1844

pageful1859

M1899

society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > small division

parcela1398

passagec1550

fraction1625

pericopea1657

sectiuncle1838

the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > a discourse or lecture > passage of

sentencec1400

processa1425

passagec1550

society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > [noun] > passage

sentencec1400

comma1649

passage1711

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) iv. 23 That passage of the text nedis nocht ane alligoric expositione.

?1611 G. Chapman in tr. Homer Iliads ii. Comm. 34 His interpreters must needs come [short] of him, in his streight and deepe places; when in his open and faire passages, they halt and hang backe so.

1694 R. South 12 Serm. II. 440 I shall give you the whole Passage in his own Words.

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 2. ⁋1 He..gained universal Applause by explaining a Passage in the Game-Act.

1759 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful (ed. 2) v. §5. 328 There is not perhaps in the whole Eneid a more grand and laboured passage, than the description of Vulcan's cavern in Etna.

1801 M. Edgeworth Forester in Moral Tales I. 160 To look for the passage in the original author.

1891 Speaker 2 May 533/1 The paper contains brilliant passages, notably an admirable estimate of Gautier.

1930 D. L. Sayers Strong Poison i. 14 Passages were read out to you, showing that the subject of the book was murder by arsenic.

2001 A. Gurnah By the Sea iii. 78 He loved for his students to learn passages from great works by heart.

†b. A remark or observation made in speaking or writing. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > [noun]

speechc725

spellc888

tonguec897

spellingc1000

wordOE

mathelingOE

redec1275

sermonc1275

leeda1300

gale13..

speakc1300

speaking1303

ledenc1320

talea1325

parliamentc1325

winda1330

sermoningc1330

saying1340

melinga1375

talkingc1386

wordc1390

prolationa1393

carpinga1400

eloquencec1400

utteringc1400

language?c1450

reporturec1475

parleyc1490

locutionc1500

talk1539

discourse1545

report1548

tonguec1550

deliverance1553

oration1555

delivery1577

parling1582

parle1584

conveying1586

passage1598

perlocution1599

wording1604

bursta1616

ventilation1615

loquency1623

voicinga1626

verbocination1653

loquence1677

pronunciation1686

loquel1694

jawinga1731

talkee-talkee?1740

vocification1743

talkation1781

voicing1822

utterancy1827

voicing1831

the spoken word1832

outness1851

verbalization1851

voice1855

outgiving1865

stringing1886

praxis1950

1598 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia ii. 183 [He replied] with such iestes, and disdainfull passages, that if the iniurie coulde not bee made greater, yet were our conceites made the apter to apprehend it.

a1649 J. Winthrop Hist. New Eng. (1853) I. 247 One of the assistants using some pathetical passages of the loss of such a governour in a time of such danger.

a1657 W. Bradford Hist. Plymouth Plantation in Coll. Mass. Hist. Soc. (1856) 4th Ser. III. 307 I would..deliver y^e truth..as nere as I can, in their owne words and passages.

1660 Exact Accompt Trial Regicides 44 Being there, I did observe some Passages fall from the Prisoner at the Bar; the words were to this purpose.

†c. A part of a speech or text which digresses from the main subject. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > [noun] > discursiveness or digression > a digression

sojournc1330

digressionc1374

adigression1483

start1534

interposition1553

vagary1572

excursion1574

excourse1579

parecbasis1584

parenthesis1594

transversal1612

evagation1618

passage1625

far-about1639

excurrency1650

deviation1665

parathesis1668

alieniloquy1727

side-slip1843

excursus1845

1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 144 Prefaces, and Passages,..and other Speeches of Reference to the Person, are great wasts of Time.

1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 102 The first discourse, was..intermixt with recreative passages.

d. Music. A distinctive section of a work having no structural significance. Also: a short, difficult section of a work which serves to demonstrate a performer's skill (cf. passage work n. at Compounds 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun]

gammec1425

strain1575

passage1776

figure1884

paragraph1959

1776 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music I. 70 In no one of the seven treatises upon ancient music..is a single air, or passage of Greek melody, come down to us.

1786 T. Busby Compl. Dict. Music at Medley A medley is a humorous hotch-potch assemblage of the detached parts or passages of different well-known songs.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Lancelot & Elaine 891–2 in Idylls of King As a little helpless innocent bird, That has but one plain passage of few notes, Will sing the simple passage o'er and o'er For all an April morning.

1880 G. Grove Dict. Music II. 661/2 The word ‘passage’..is sometimes used in a special though not very honourable sense, of runs and such portions of music as are meaningless except as opportunities for display of dexterity.

1955 L. Feather Encycl. Jazz 289 His lacy, charming melodies sometimes contrast with ‘stride’ passages of great intensity.

1990 Strad June 500/3 The orchestra manages remarkable feats of unanimity in passages of very pianistic rubato.

e. Art. A particular part or detail in a painting, spec. an area where one tone merges into another. Also: the technique of achieving this effect.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > [noun] > a painting > part of

passage1861

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > art of colouring > [noun] > gradual passing from one to another

gradation1728

passage1861

1861 G. W. Thornbury Life J. M. W. Turner I. 142 In the earliest Saxon and Old English MSS. are to be found passages of transparent colour.

1897 Mag. of Art Nov. 39 There are passages which represent the original with curious felicity.

1962 Listener 15 Feb. 304/1 They [sc. the Cubists] exaggerated his use of his device known as passage by which the near end of a plane is clearly defined while the far end dissolves into space.

1967 J. N. Barron Lang. of Painting 143 These passages are used to relate volumes or three-dimensional forms to the two-dimensional picture frame.

2002 Sarasota (Florida) Herald-Tribune (Nexis) 8 Dec. (Arts & Travel) g1 The contrast between tight and loose passages of paint are reminiscent of the English 19th-century romantics.

14. An occurrence, incident, or event; an episode in a person's life.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > doing > a proceeding > [noun]

thingOE

processa1325

fare1340

dancea1352

passage1569

play1581

procedure1590

carriage1609

conduct1706

démarche1721

affair1797

proceeding1801

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 731 Surely it was a daungerous passage to conuey a prince in a straunge realme, by such a strayte.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. ii. 68 There is no christian..can euer beleeue such impossible passages of grossenesse.

1624 Duke of Buckingham Let. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 180 [It] will facilitate..those passages of favors, grace, and goodnes which his Majesty hath promised for the ease of the Romaine Catholickes.

1671–2 Sir C. Lyttelton in E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) I. 76 There has lately happened a very strange passage upon occasion of [etc.].

1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 198. ⁋1 Her Life has lately met with Passages very uncommon.

a1741 T. Chalkley Jrnl. an. 1734 in Wks. (1751) 265 A remarkable and dismal Passage he related to me.

1821 C. Lamb in London Mag. Sept. 283/2 I remember a pleasant passage, of the cook applying to him..for instructions how to write down edge bone of beef.

1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. xvi. 300 The magnificent young Scot sprang to him,..talked over old passages.

1897 H. Tennyson Alfred Lord Tennyson I. ii. 40 Despite such passages of gloom he worked on.

1941 J. Agee & W. Evans Let us now praise Famous Men 231 How many..of the casual passages in our experience, carry a value, joy, strength, validity.

1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 19 Oct. 54/2 His lie about the humdrum passages of life.

V. An exchange.

15. In later use more fully passage of (also at) arms. An exchange of blows between two combatants; a duel, a fight. Also figurative: a verbal altercation or dispute.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun] > an act or instance of > a hostile encounter

encounter1297

counterc1330

brusha1400

recountering1410

recountera1470

encountering1482

re-encounter1525

re-encountry1569

passage1608

congression?1611

confronta1626

traverse1640

clash1646

congress1646

conjunction1648

head-to-head1899

go-around1912

mano a mano1950

face-off1956

bitchfest1985

1608 G. Chapman Byrons Conspiracie i. i We should not set these passages of Splene Twixt Spaine and Sauoy; to the weaker part, More good by suffrance growes, than deedes of heart.

1616 B. Jonson Cynthias Revels (rev. ed.) v. ii, in Wks. I. 237 You haue your passages, and imbroccata's in courtship.

?c1663 B. Whitelocke Diary (1990) 145 Wh[itelocke]..acquainted him with all the passages, & he..laying his hand uppon his sword, [etc.].

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. xiv. 287 We drink this beaker..to the health of Wilfred of Ivanhoe, champion of this passage of arms.

1885 Manch. Examiner 21 Mar. 6/2 The most interesting part of the debate was a smart passage at arms between his Grace and Lord Bramwell.

1908 E. F. Benson Climber 160 There had been that little passage before dinner; there had been just a shade of friction about her smoking.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses iii. xvi. [Eumaeus] 596 The listeners..followed the passage of arms with interest so long as they didn't indulge in recriminations and come to blows.

1988 M. Ivins in Ms. Nov. 19/3 There was an interesting passage-at-arms involving George Bush's sister.

16. An interchange of communications or negotiations; an exchange of confidences or amorous relations between two people; a flirtatious conversation.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > [noun] > interchange of communications, confidences, etc.

passado1606

passage1609

the mind > emotion > love > amorous love > [noun] > interchange of confidences or amorous relations

passado1606

passage1609

society > society and the community > social relations > [noun] > instance of > between two persons mutually

passado1606

passage1609

1609 T. Heywood Troia Britanica xiii. 333 These passages of friendship giuen and tooke, Behold a Herald from the Towne appeares, Who greets the proud Greekes with a friendly looke.

1612 N. Field Woman a Weather-cocke ii. sig. D2 And such strange passages and mutuall Vowes.

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης viii. 68 The King..gives..order to stop all passages between him [sc. the Governor of Hull] and the Parlament.

1845 R. W. Hamilton Inst. Pop. Educ. vi. 138 Would not both parties profit in these passages of confidence?

a1901 W. Besant Five Years' Tryst (1902) 108 She was by no means ignorant of certain passages and rumours of passages between Will Stephen and this simple country maid.

1940 M. de la Roche Whiteoak Chron. iii. vii. 461 He was no longer quite so happy at the Leighs'. Not that his passage with Ada had made any palpable difference.

Compounds

C1.

a. Used as or providing a means of conveyance for passengers, esp. across water.

† passage-barge n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel for transporting people or goods > passenger vessel > [noun] > on rivers or canals

riverboat1565

budgerow1727

passage-barge1804

fly-boat1841

bateau-mouche1903

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > flat-bottomed boat > [noun] > barge > other types of barge

coal barge1720

budgerow1727

water1727

brick barge1738

tent-barge1796

water barge1798

passage-barge1804

steam barge1812

schooner barge1819

tongkang1834

bumbarge1839

Tom Pudding1880

grain-barge1902

butty1923

support barge1967

reel barge1972

1804 European Mag. 45 443/1 Going from Fontainbleau to Dijon, in the passage barge.

passage-bark n.

ΚΠ

1904 N.E.D. at Passage sb. Passage-bark.

† passage-canoe n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1851 Househ. Words 1 Mar. 546/2 A passage canoe is as light as the trunk of a mango-tree can be made by adzing out the interior.

† passage-hoy n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1705 London Gaz. No. 4141/4 Employed in the Passage-Hoys between London and the Nore.

† passage ship n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel for transporting people or goods > passenger vessel > [noun]

passenger1443

passage boat1567

foot boat1579

passenger ship1602

passage ship1644

passenger boat1837

passenger steamer1851

1644 J. Forbes Diary 15 June in J. Spalding Mem. Trubles (1851) II. 501 Toward the passadge ship for Swartsluyse, from Amsterdame.

1734 G. Berkeley Let. 30 Apr. in Wks. (1871) IV. 227 You can tell what passage-ships are on this side of the water.

1826 C. Lambert Jrnl. 9 Apr. (1998) 105 Went to the port with Mr. Dobson to see the Auriga and see how she could be employed for a passage ship from here to Copiapo Conception.

† passage wagon n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > public service vehicle > [noun] > wagon to carry many passengers

passage wagon1774

1774 J. Adams Diary 29 Aug. (1961) II. 114 Here We saw two or 3 Passage Waggons—a Vehicle with four Wheels contrived to carry many Passengers and much Baggage.

b. Transitional.

passage-time n.

ΚΠ

1873 M. Arnold Lit. & Dogma xi. 338 There will be a passage-time of confusion first.

C2.

passage bed n. Geology a stratum exhibiting a transition from one formation or rock type to another.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > transitional stratum

passage bed1846

1846 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 2 129 (note) By ‘passage beds’ are meant the highest beds of the Caradoc sandstone.

1955 Jrnl. Ecol. 43 74 This material occurs as a passage-bed varying in thickness.., overlying the Northampton Sand.

1992 Proc. Yorks. Geol. Soc. 49 155/1 The Passage Beds form the lowest member of the Coralline Oolite Formation (Corallian Group) in North Yorkshire.

† passage-bell n. Obsolete rare a bell in a passage of a building (for signalling the arrival of a visitor).

ΚΠ

1825 Eng. Life II. 231 The passage-bell rung loudly.

passage bird n. (a) = bird of passage n. at sense 1e(a); †(b) = passage hawk n. (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > [noun] > family Falconidae > genus Falco (falcon) > caught during migration

passage birda1762

passage hawk1828

the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > migration > migratory bird

summer bird1575

passenger1579

bird of passage1717

refugee1764

migrant1768

migrater1770

migrator1836

wanderer1837

traveller1874

passage bird1878

passage migrant1932

a1762 Lady M. W. Montagu Bird of Passage in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (1763) V. 278 Scarce his passion known, This Passage-Bird is flown To warmer air, and brighter climes.

1852 R. F. Burton Falconry in Valley of Indus iv. 41 Hawks..are of two kinds, the ‘eyess’ (or nyess), and the ‘passage-bird’.

1878 C. Stanford Symbols Christ (new ed.) v. 139 The passage bird is never lost. High over the waves of the Atlantic it strikes a right path to its home a thousand leagues away.

1992 Bird Watching Jan. 30/1 November was relatively quiet, with the best records involving passage birds, rather than long stayers.

passage-board n. a board placed between the parts of an organ to make them accessible for tuning or repairs.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > other parts

super-octave1853

sub-octave1855

passage-board1880

1880 C. A. Edwards Organs ii. iv. 59 A passage-board for the use of the tuner.

1988 Organbuilder May 11/1 The pedal Subbass..stands behind a passageboard with the two wedge bellows below.

† passage-book n. Obsolete rare a book containing details of a person's bank account; = passbook n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > account or statement of > [noun] > bank book or savings book

bankbook1714

passage-book1816

savings book1826

passbook1828

post-office savings bank book1936

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > banking > [noun] > bank-account > passbook or savings book

bankbook1714

bankers' book1764

passage-book1816

savings book1826

passbook1828

post-office savings bank book1936

1816 in J. H. Merivale Rep. Cases Chancery I. 535 A book, called a passage-book, is opened by the bankers, and delivered by them to the customer.

passage form n. Biology a form that is intermediate or transitional between two species.

ΚΠ

1865 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 155 343 This may be looked at as a passage-form from a simple Vaginulina..or it may be regarded as a medium between Cristellaria and Marginulina; and so leading to Nodosaria.

1901 Nature 3 Jan. 234/2 He finds that..passage-forms prove to be the rule, while sharply-defined and typical species are the exception.

1940 F. F. Grout Kemp's Handbk. Rocks (ed. 6) iii. 66 The mineral sodalite may develop and yields sodalite syenites which are passage forms to nepheline syenites.

passage-free adv. free of charge (with reference to conveyance on a means of transport).

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [adverb] > without charge for postage or travel

post-free1670

postage-free1692

carriage-paid1700

passage-free1719

carriage-free1724

society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > public passenger transport > [adverb] > without paying fare

passage-free1719

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 303 You will carry me..to England Passage free.

1768 J. Cremer Jrnl. 27 Jan. in R. R. Bellamy Ramblin' Jack (1936) 113 He..got..three pound Starling when Loaded and ready to Saile, his Wife to be passage free to London.

1928 Daily Express 28 Aug. 3/7 She..brings to Canada almost passage-free any man of good health and physique who is an experienced agriculturist.

passage-gallery n. rare a gallery that serves as a passage between different parts of a building.

ΚΠ

c1615 S. D'Ewes Secret Hist. James I (Harl. MS) in Autobiogr. & Corr. (1845) II. 334 (modernized text) My Lord..laid it in a passage gallery in several papers.

1956 G. F. Webb Archit. in Brit. v. 84 The walls of this nave are designed in three zones: the lowest is plain ashlar, the middle zone contains an arcaded passage gallery, and there is a second gallery at the top.

† passage-gelt n. (also passage-gilt) Obsolete money paid as a fare; = passage money n.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > toll for passing through > [noun]

through-toll1228

passagea1325

pedagea1382

peage1448

podagea1450

passage money1474

thorough toll1567

toll traverse1567

rahdar1623

rahdari1627

gate-penny1693

rahdarage1698

passage-gelt1712

traverse1754

likin1862

1712 R. Thoresby Diary (1830) II. 164 Baldock-lanes, notorious for their badness, as the neighbourhood for exaction of passage-gelt through the enclosures.

1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies I. xxxii. 388 In the whole, it cost me about 1£. Sterl. for Passage-gilt.

1745 London Mag. 402 Both Natives and Foreigners are forced to pay passage Gelt.

passage hawk n. Falconry a hawk that has been caught for training as an immature adult, esp. on its first autumn migration; also called passager; cf. eyas n., haggard n.² 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > [noun] > family Falconidae > genus Falco (falcon) > caught during migration

passage birda1762

passage hawk1828

1828 J. S. Sebright Observ. Hawking (new ed.) 30 The falconers are obliged to keep the passage-hawks somewhat low, from the fear of losing them.

1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports iv. §3. 223/1 Passage-hawks..are caught on the continent of Europe.., in the autumn, as they pass southwards and to the east.

1901 R. Kipling Kim x. 239 He's no eyass But a passage-hawk that footed ere we caught him.

1991 R. Upton Falconry iii. 93 Passage hawks and haggards which are late caught are..much more experienced in the ways of the wild.

passage-house n. rare †(a) a privy (obsolete); (b) (perhaps) a building on a shore from which a ferry departs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > sanitation > privy or latrine > [noun]

gongOE

privy?c1225

room-housec1275

chamber foreignc1300

wardrobea1325

privy chamberc1325

foreignc1390

siegec1400

stool1410

jakes1432

house of easementa1438

kocayc1440

siege-hole1440

siege-house1440

privy house1463

withdraught1493

draught1530

shield1535

bench-hole1542

common house1542

stool1542

jakes house1547

boggard1552

house of office?1560

purging place1577

little house1579

issue1588

Ajax1596

draught-house1597

private1600

necessary house1612

vault1617

longhouse1622

latrine1623

necessary1633

commonsa1641

gingerbread officea1643

boghouse1644

cloaca1645

passage-house1646

retreat1653

shithouse1659

closet of ease1662

garderobe1680

backside1704

office1727

bog?1731

house of ease1734

cuz-john1735

easing-chair1771

backhouse1800

outhouse1819

netty1825

petty1848

seat of ease1850

closet1869

bathroom1883

crapper1927

lat1927

shouse1941

biffy1942

shitholec1947

toot1965

shitter1967

woodshed1974

1646 Perfect Occurr. Parl. No. 12 sig. M3 A party of horse and foot..burnt down the Stables, and went on to the Passage-house, where they took most of their Officers and souldiers, and have now laid close siege to it.

1716 A. Pope Further Acct. E. Curll 21 And thence be drawn..bit by bit, to the Passage-House.

1795 Duke of Rutland Jrnl. 24 Aug. in Tour S. Coasts Eng. (1805) 199 About nine o'clock, we found ourselves at the passage house, and as soon as we had got our horses into the ferry-boat, we put off from the shore.

a1923 H. Trench Poems (1924) 18 The shag-hair'd guard, with a mock, laid spears in their passage house Athwart.

passage migrant n. a bird that stays for a short time in an area during the course of its seasonal migration; also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > traveller > [noun] > stopping only for a short time

bird of passage1717

transient1740

passage migrant1932

the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > migration > migratory bird

summer bird1575

passenger1579

bird of passage1717

refugee1764

migrant1768

migrater1770

migrator1836

wanderer1837

traveller1874

passage bird1878

passage migrant1932

1932 Jrnl. Ecol. 20 375 The outstanding difficulty with which we had to contend was the presence of passage migrants.

1976 N. Roberts Face of France iv. 47 In the past they [sc. the French] did indeed accept Black immigrants, and particularly passage migrants, happily enough.

1991 Bird Watching June 56/4 Passage migrants included..a flock of seven common sandpipers feeding on the dam spillway.

† passage-penny n. Obsolete rare a penny charged for passage on a form of transport.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > fare

farec1425

ferelay1547

naulum1596

passage-penny1596

naul1724

passage money1833

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. ii. sig. N3 But he him makes his passage-penny pay.

passage room n. a room that also serves as a means of access to another.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room by situation > [noun] > anteroom

outchamberc1475

antechamber1587

anticamera1625

outer rooma1637

passage room1666

anteroom1668

entre salle1841

1666 S. Pepys Diary 25 Feb. (1972) VII. 56 I and my wife in a passage-room to bed, and slept not very well, because of noise.

1797 J. Farington Diary 21 Nov. (1923) I. lviii. 203 He had no passage from his Bedchambers.., unless his drawing room must be made a passage room.

1838 Gentleman's Mag. 9 255/2 A passage-room and staircase.

1940 C. Beaton Diary Sept. in Self Portrait with Friends (1979) x. 75 The three reception-rooms give on to a small passage room.

passage thermometer n. now historical an instrument for measuring the passage of heat through a substance.

ΚΠ

1792 B. Thompson in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 82 51 As this instrument is calculated merely for measuring the passage of heat in the substance whose conducting power is examined, I shall give it the name of passage-thermometer.

1962 S. C. Brown Count Rumford vii. 50 [Rumford] designed what he called his passage thermometer... The instrument consisted of a thermometer mounted in a tube like a modern test tube.

passage work n. Music a section of a work which calls for virtuosic display; the execution of such a section.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > passage executed in specific way

concerto grosso1724

legatoa1757

ad libitum1759

larghetto1760

moderato1762

bravura1787

pomposo1807

tutti1816

spiritoso1829

alla capella1859

alla marcia1860

passage work1865

retrogression1869

largamente1878

religioso1888

grandioso1914

animato1924

pesante1932

precipitato1955

1865 Athenæum No. 1968. 89/2 The passage-work in Astrofiammante's two airs.

1920 Musical Times 61 159 The Fantasia is mere passage-work of the most desolating description.

1959 Times 13 Nov. 15/4 Some of his faster passage-work (notably in Beethoven's semi-quavers) tended to sound scratchy.

2000 N.Y. Times 9 May e5/4 The dizzying, slightly crazed passage work, played here with crisp rhythmic clarity.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	passage
释义	passagen. Brit. /ˈpasɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ (in sense 10b)Brit. /paˈsɑːʒ/, /pəˈsɑːʒ/, U.S. /pəˈsɑʒ/ Forms: Middle English pasage, Middle English passagche, Middle English– passage, 1500s passag, 1500s–1600s passadge; Scottish pre-1700 pasage, pre-1700 pasis (rare), pre-1700 passadge, pre-1700 passag, pre-1700 passaig, pre-1700 passaige, pre-1700 passeg, pre-1700 1700s– passage; also Irish English 1500s passade (perhaps transmission error), 1500s passadge. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French passage. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French passage place where there is a way through, mountain pass (c1100), action of passing (c1165), part of a text (c1176), ferry-toll (c1176), crossing, ford, ferry, expedition overseas (first half of the 13th cent.), path, way (1295 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), word, speech (a1504), sexual intercourse (1561), movement in manège (1611, after Italian passaggio : see below) and its apparent etymon post-classical Latin passaticum , passatgium , passagium , passuagium ferry-toll (10th cent.; frequently 1111–16th cent. in British sources), ferry, means of transport over water (frequently 1086–1499 in British sources), crossing, expedition overseas (frequently from early 12th cent. in British sources), duty to cross sea in king's service (1203 in a British source), passage-way, path (c1260, 1502, 1558 in British sources), passing of time (13th cent. in a British source), transport of goods (1338, 1346 in British sources), right to pass through or across (from 1428 in British sources), apparently partly < passare pass v. + -aticum -age suffix, and partly < passus (see pace n.¹) + -aticum -age suffix. Compare Old Occitan, Occitan passatge (a1195), Catalan passatge (a1300), Spanish pasaje (1247 as passage), Portuguese passagem (13th cent.), Italian passaggio (a1257; 1562 in manège sense).With of passage (see sense 1e) compare French de passage (1549 in Middle French in oiseau de passage). I. The action of passing, and related senses. 1. a. The action of going or moving onward, across, or past; movement from one place or point to another, or over or through a space or medium; transit.With of or with possessive, indicating the person or thing that passes; more rarely indicating the medium or space which is crossed (see quot. a1393). †of passage: (of a person) itinerant, passing through a place without staying in it (see quot. 1680 and cf. sense 1e) (obsolete rare). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [noun] leadinga1300 passagec1300 overstyinga1382 overpassingc1384 transita1500 pass1602 transitation1605 transcursion1624 transcent1626 transmeation1630 pertransition1653 tranation1654 transcurrence1656 coming1726 traversion1838 the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > swift movement of time > [adjective] slidinga900 scrithingOE henwardOE swifta1225 short livya1325 passing1340 flittingc1374 shadowy1374 temporalc1384 speedfula1400 transitory?c1400 brittlea1425 unabidingc1430 frail?c1450 indurablec1450 scrithel?c1475 caduke1483 transitorious1492 passanta1500 perishinga1500 caducea1513 fugitive?1518 caducal?1548 quick1548 delible1549 flittering1549 undurable?1555 shadowish1561 fleeting1563 vading1566 flightful1571 wanzing1571 transitive1575 slipping1581 diary1583 unlasting1585 never-lasting1588 flit1590 post-like1594 running1598 short-lived1598 short-winded1598 transient1599 unpermanent1607 flashy1609 of a day1612 passable1613 dureless1614 urgenta1616 waxena1616 decayable1617 horary1620 evanid1626 fugitable1628 short-dated1632 fugacious1635 ephemerala1639 impermanent1653 fungous1655 volatile1655 ephemerousa1660 unimmortal1667 timesome1674 while-being1674 of passage1680 journal1685 ephemeron1714 admovent1727 evanescent1728 meteorous1750 deciduous1763 preterient1786 ephemeridal1795 meteorica1802 meteor1803 ephemerean1804 ephemerid1804 evanescing1805 fleeted1810 fleet1812 unenduring1814 unremaining1817 unimmortalized1839 impersistent1849 flighty1850 uneternal1862 caducous1863 diurnal1866 horarious1866 brisk1879 evasive1881 picaresque1959 c1300 Vision St. Paul (Laud) in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1874) 52 35 (MED) A ful heiȝh brugge and vnguod Was maked ouer þat foule flod To habbe redie passage. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) ii. 2209 (MED) He wolde..The passage of the water take, And..this ladi..bere unto that other stronde. a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 1675 (MED) The newe fame ran..with ful swift passage Vnto Thebes of this mariage. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 90 Þou schalt..constreyne þat veyne or arterie þat þe blood mowe haue no passage ne out goynge bi þat plaace. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Ai The passage of the children of Israel from Egipt. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 3 Yeeld to the wynds passadge, duck downe theire fleete wyth a tempest. 1670 G. Havers tr. G. Leti Il Cardinalismo di Santa Chiesa iii. iii. 296 They found..two Callous Glandules..obstructing the passage of his Urine. 1680 W. Temple Ess. Advancem. Trade Ireland in Wks. (1720) I. 120 The poorer Traders, or the young Beginners, or those of Passage. 1702 N. Rowe Tamerlane ii. i 546 Not far from hence The Captives were to wait the Emperor's Passage. 1769 Ann. Reg. 1768 67 To observe..the passage of Venus over the sun's disk on the 3d of June 1769. 1831 W. Youatt Horse viii. 152 The voice of animals is produced by the passage of air through this aperture. 1885 H. W. Watson & S. H. Burbury Math. Theory Electr. & Magn. I. 236 A cell in which no chemical actions can take place on the passage of the current. 1923 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 104 197 The cloud track..has been formed by the passage of a β-particle. 2001 Cats June 38/2 Fipronil blocks the passage of chloride through cells in the nervous system. b. to give passage: to allow to pass; to allow access. With to indicating either something that passes or the place something passes to. ΚΠ 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 75^v The extreme endes of the vretarie vessels: which both giue passage to the vrine discendyng into the bleddar. 1662 C. Merrett tr. A. Neri Art of Glass 364 Great Iron bars..hinder the passing of the coals, but give passage to the descent of the ashes. 1753 E. F. Haywood Hist. Jemmy & Jenny Jessamy III. xiv. 135 She stopp'd to give passage to some sighs which had been labouring in her bosom. 1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 96 All the holes which commonly give passage to nerves were obliterated. 1876 H. James Roderick Hudson i. 35 The door opened and gave passage to a young girl. 1982 W. L. Heat Moon Blue Highways vi. v. 225 Spaniards coming in search of the mythical Straits of Anian that would give passage to the east. †c. The extension of a line, string, etc., from one point to another; an extent. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > longitudinal extent > [noun] > that which has length > extending in length passage1615 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 485 They are like to nerues in their passage, colour and vse. 1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 247 It divides, after a short passage, into four very distinct bundles. †d. The passing by of people; passers-by collectively. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > traveller > [noun] > one who passes > collectively passagea1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) v. i. 38 What ho, no watch, no passage, murder, murder. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. i. 100 If by strong hand you offer to breake in Now in the stirring passage of the day. View more context for this quotation 1886 R. L. Stevenson Strange Case Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde 4 Even on Sunday, when it [sc. the street] lay comparatively empty of passage. e. (a) bird of passage n. [compare French oiseau de passage (1549 in Middle French)] a migratory bird; (in later use) spec. a passage migrant; (figurative) a person who passes through or visits a place without staying long; (also) an itinerant, a tramp. †(b) fish of passage n. a migratory fish (obsolete). ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > traveller > [noun] > stopping only for a short time bird of passage1717 transient1740 passage migrant1932 the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > migration > migratory bird summer bird1575 passenger1579 bird of passage1717 refugee1764 migrant1768 migrater1770 migrator1836 wanderer1837 traveller1874 passage bird1878 passage migrant1932 society > travel > aspects of travel > travel from place to place > [noun] > without fixed aim or wandering > vagrancy or vagabondage > vagabond or tramp harlot?c1225 raikera1400 vacabond1404 vagrant1444 gangrela1450 briber?c1475 palliard1484 vagabondc1485 rogue1489 wavenger1493 hermit1495 gaberlunzie1508 knight of the field1508 loiterer1530 straggler1530 runagate1534 ruffler1535 hedge-creeper1548 Abraham man1567 cursitor1567 runner1567 walker1567 tinker1575 traveller1598 Tartar1602 stravagant1606 wagand1614 Circumcellion1623 meechera1625 hedge-bird1631 gaberlunzie man1649 tramp1664 stroller1681 jockey1685 bird of passage1717 randy1724 tramper1760 stalko1804 vagabondager1813 rintherout1814 piker1838 pikey1838 beachcomber1840 roadster1851 vagabondizer1860 roustabout1862 bum1864 migratory1866 potter1867 sundowner1868 vag1868 walkabout1872 transient1877 Murrumbidgee whaler1878 rouster1882 run-the-hedge1882 whaler1883 shaughraun1884 heather-cat1886 hobo1889 tussocker1889 gay cat1893 overlander1898 stake-man1899 stiff1899 bindle-stiff1900 dingbat1902 stew-bum1902 tired Tim (also Timothy)1906 skipper1925 Strandlooper1927 knight of the road1928 hobohemian1936 plain turkey1955 scrub turkey1955 derro1963 jakey1988 crusty1990 the world > animals > fish > [noun] > migratory fish runner1700 fish of passage1728 1633 A. B. tr. J.-P. Camus Sprituall Director Disinteressed ii. vi. 143 I haue herto fore discouered certaine Tiercelets as birds of passage comming from a farr, makeing their roundes and visits, exerciseing in laye families and purely secular, vnder the cloake of these filiations. 1717 Philos. Trans. 1714–16 (Royal Soc.) 29 526 They [sc. flamingos] sometimes visit us here in Europe, and so may be accounted amongst the Migratory Kind, or Birds of Passage. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) There are also Fishes of Passage, as Herrings, Mackerel, &c. 1771 T. Smollett Humphry Clinker I. 150 The..entertainments of Bath are over for this season; and all our gay birds of passage have taken their flight to Bristol-well, Tunbridge..&c. 1797 T. Holcroft tr. F. L. Stolberg Trav. (ed. 2) III. lxxxiv. 348 The sword fish is a fish of passage. 1808 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. V. 384 Herrings..mackerel, cod-fish, whitings, haddocks, and some others, may with propriety be called fish of passage. 1879 M. E. Braddon Cloven Foot xxviii I am only in town as a bird of passage. a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xx. 589 The birds of passage in the strict sense..usually rest for a short time only in a country like Britain. 1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. 103 Bird of passage, wallaby tracker, tourist, footman and professional pedestrian, are often applied to itinerants. 1988 G. Greene Captain & Enemy iv. 54 No, no. I won't stay long. I'm only a bird of passage. 2003 Western Morning News (Plymouth) (Nexis) 17 Feb. 2 The island..is a convenient stopping off point for many birds of passage. f. The migration or migratory flight of a bird; (in later use) esp. the action of passing over or through a place in the course of migration (often in on passage); an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > migration migrationa1633 passage1747 migrating1815 bird migration1908 abmigration1923 1747 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 44 438 There seems no Necessity for a precipitate Passage, because every Day's Passage affords them Increase of Warmth. 1772 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 62 265 I mean by the word Migration, a periodical passage by a whole species of birds across a considerable extent of sea. 1884 Science 8 Feb. 158/2 There was, night and day, an enormous rush, under circumstances of wind and weather, which..are most unfavorable to a good passage. 1932 Jrnl. Ecol. 20 375 Some individuals..were probably on passage, both of the species mentioned and of the wheatears. 1951 Jrnl. Animal Ecol. 20 64/2 Clay & Meinertzhagen..saw a passage of redstarts, flycatchers, shrikes and hirundines through the Port de Gavarnie on 21 April. 1994 Ringing & Migration 15 119 These are real microhabitat choices, which have rarely been demonstrated for passerines on passage. 2. †a. A boat or ship as a means of conveyance over water. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > [noun] goinga1250 passagec1300 passingc1350 progressiona1460 local motion1551 progress1564 pass1602 traverse1663 locomoving1704 roll1827 onwards1943 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > [noun] passagec1300 carriagea1398 port1598 conveyancea1616 vehicle1641 conveniency1660 convenience1671 machine1687 voiture1698 transportation1853 c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 56 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 108 (MED) Heo cam to þe se and redi fond hire passage. c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 97 (MED) He passes to þat port his passage to seche; Fyndes he a fayr schyp to þe fare redy. 1473 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 465 I praye yow wryght ageyn, and sende it by the next passage. b. A journey by water or (formerly) land; a voyage, a sea crossing; (formerly also) †an expedition (obsolete); on passage: travelling by sea, sailing. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] > journey across or through overpassingc1384 passagea1393 transpassage1603 transcursion1624 trajet1741 traject1774 percurration1785 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. 3291 (MED) He..schop anon for his passage, And..othre knihtes..With him he tok. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 19990 (MED) It was þe first passage þat þe apostels in parti Mad. c1450 Mandeville's Trav. (Coventry) (1973) 846 (MED) Shippis..for hir passage Takith of that sande for thaire lastage. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 59 Foorth we take oure passadge, oure sayles ful winged vp hoysting. 1602 J. Brereton Briefe Relation Discouerie Virginia 3 We made our Iourney shorter.., yet were wee longer in our passage than we expected. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World vii. 161 With an incidental Account of the first Inducements that made the Privateers undertake the passage. 1798 S. Lee Young Lady's Tale in H. Lee Canterbury Tales II. 434 He..resolved rather to endure the tediousness of a passage by sea. 1836 F. Marryat Mr. Midshipman Easy I. xi. 159 He had suffered all the horrors of a passage in a slave ship. 1892 Daily News 11 May 3/5 Wheat..further sagged down owing to the increase in amount on passage. 1990 Lifeboat (RNLI) Spring 225/3 The helmsman made a very difficult but skilled transfer to a pilot launch which was on passage nearby. c. The right or permission to travel as a passenger, esp. by sea; accommodation as a passenger.to work one's passage: see work v. Phrases 7. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > authorization to travel to, from, or in a country > [noun] passport1521 passport letter1585 passage1589 waygate?c1690 society > travel > travel by water > transportation by water > [noun] > right or accommodation as passenger passage1589 society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > public passenger transport > [noun] > (right of) conveyance as a passenger passage1589 1589 R. Lane in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 737 The second part, shall set downe the reasons generally mouing vs to resolue on our departure at the instant with the General Sir Frauncis Drake, and our common request for passage with him. 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 6 Carasio..having agreed with the mariners for their passage, acquainted therewith Polemiro. 1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 305 We gave him his Passage, that is to say, bore his Charges. 1743 J. Bulkeley & J. Cummins Voy. to South-seas 199 That the Governor would give us a Pass, and that we would work for our Passage. 1824 R. Southey Bk. of Church I. 311 They might purchase a free passage through Purgatory, or at least, an abbreviation of the term. 1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 36 And clothes they gave him and free passage home. 1929 H. L. Foster Combing Caribbees v. 50 Several Dominicans had booked passage with us to Fort de France. 2002 C. Slaughter Before Knife i. 10 He'd booked passage on a ship to Africa. †3. A charge or duty levied on a passenger or on goods being transported: a toll. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > toll for passing through > [noun] through-toll1228 passagea1325 pedagea1382 peage1448 podagea1450 passage money1474 thorough toll1567 toll traverse1567 rahdar1623 rahdari1627 gate-penny1693 rahdarage1698 passage-gelt1712 traverse1754 likin1862 a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) vii. 46 Þe lord king grauntez, þat..of..tollage, tronage, passage, pontage..lith fram nou forthward assise of nouele disseisine. a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1906) ii. 670 (MED) Fre tenauntis ought..to be quyte..of tol and passage, of pountage and tallage and lestage, and of all other customs. ?c1525 Robyn Hode in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1889) III. vi. 425 Yet was he never so curteyse a potter, As one peny passage to paye. 1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia iii. iv. 70 Immunities and Exemptions from Theolonie, Pontage,..Passage, Tranage,..Cariage, &c. a1797 E. Burke Ess. Abridgm. Eng. Hist. (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1812) V. 609 The payment of tolls, passages, paages, pontages and innumerable other vexatious imposts. 1812 S. Seyer Bristol Charters Eng. 1 My burgesses of Bristol..shall be quit both of toll and passage, and all custom, throughout my whole land. 1883 J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. I. 6 They claim to be quit of..passage, pontage and lastage. 4. figurative. a. A transition from one state or condition to another, spec. through death; a transition or progress through a period, stage, etc.; a transition in thought or speech from one point, idea, or subject to another. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > [noun] > continuous progress or advance of anything tenor1398 coursec1460 passage1579 current1587 racec1590 profluencea1639 runlong1674 development1756 fore-march1822 upbuilding1876 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) ii. 3036 (MED) Ate laste of thi passage, Thi deth was to the houndes like. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 128^v Þey þat beþ I-chose makeþ passage fro fleisch to spirit. a1450 St. Katherine (Richardson 44) (1884) 67 (MED) Graunt that we mot deserue..good passage out of thys lyf. 1516 St. Bridget (Pynson) in J. H. Blunt Mirror our Lady (1873) p. lii A lytel before hir blessyd passage out of this world. 1579 W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue f. 52 The bookes of H. N. do make a more easie passage..to the vnderstandyng thereof. 1619 A. Gorges tr. F. Bacon Wisedome Ancients vi. 26 There is a ready and shorte passage from Metaphysicke to naturàll Theologie. 1740 D. Hume Treat. Human Nature App. 288 The passage from doubt and agitation to tranquility and repose. 1769 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad. (1876) ii. 317 Students..this day rewarded for their happy passage through the first period. 1839 R. I. Murchison Silurian Syst. i. xxxiv. 450 The passage of the red marl into the lias is here well exposed. 1871 B. Stewart Heat (ed. 2) §85 The passage of bodies from the solid to the liquid state. 1926 J. S. Huxley Ess. Pop. Sci. 259 This passage from a regulating to a non-regulating condition takes place during gastrulation. 1990 Bull. Hispanic Stud. 67 412/2 An abrupt passage from the darkness of the Middle Ages to the light of the Renaissance. 2001 Veranda July–Aug. 172/1 The ritualistic burning and breaking was an effort to ‘kill’ the objects so they could make the passage from this world to the next. b. Death. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > [noun] hensithOE qualmOE bale-sithea1000 endingc1000 fallOE forthsitheOE soulingOE life's endOE deathOE hethensithc1200 last end?c1225 forthfarec1275 dying1297 finec1300 partingc1300 endc1305 deceasec1330 departc1330 starving1340 passingc1350 latter enda1382 obita1382 perishingc1384 carrion1387 departing1388 finishmentc1400 trespassement14.. passing forthc1410 sesse1417 cess1419 fininga1425 resolutiona1425 departisona1450 passagea1450 departmentc1450 consummation?a1475 dormition1483 debt to (also of) naturea1513 dissolutionc1522 expirationa1530 funeral?a1534 change1543 departure1558 last change1574 transmigration1576 dissolving1577 shaking of the sheets?1577 departance1579 deceasure1580 mortality1582 deceasing1591 waftage1592 launching1599 quietus1603 doom1609 expire1612 expiring1612 period1613 defunctiona1616 Lethea1616 fail1623 dismissiona1631 set1635 passa1645 disanimation1646 suffering1651 abition1656 Passovera1662 latter (last) end1670 finis1682 exitus1706 perch1722 demission1735 demise1753 translation1760 transit1764 dropping1768 expiry1790 departal1823 finish1826 homegoing1866 the last (also final, great) round-up1879 snuffing1922 fade-out1924 thirty1929 appointment in Samarra1934 dirt nap1981 big chill1987 a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 3437 (MED) Who in ȝouth passeth þis passage, he is eskaped..al sorowe and trouble of this present lyff. a1500 tr. A. Chartier Traité de l'Esperance (Rawl.) (1974) 41 (MED) Aftir your passage ye must make acompte. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iii. 86 When he is fit and seasond for his passage . View more context for this quotation 1693 Humours & Conversat. Town 13 A perpetual Requiem for your Soul before its Passage. 1737 R. Challoner Catholick Christian Instructed xii. 140 To admonish the Faithful to pray for him that God may grant him a happy Passage. 1837 K. H. Digby Mores Catholici VIII. viii. vi. 593/2 He therefore renounced all relation with the world, and prepared for his holy passage. 1978 K. Gordon Emerald Peacock xv. 184 They died quickly, knowing nothing—when our time comes, may we have as easy a passage. †c. Music. A progression from one note to another by intermediate notes; a temporary alteration of rhythm. Also: a short series of notes forming such a progression; a brief flourish or phrase. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > phrase passagec1570 phrase1770 phraselet1925 society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > ornament > [noun] > flourish passagec1570 division1590 flourish1646 variation1730 fioritura1841 floriation1895 c1570 Art of Music (BL Add. 4911) f. 23^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Passagle Sincopa..is ane passaig of ane semebrewe or ane mynnym be the middis of tua thrie four fyve or sax mair noittis. 1610 T. Campion New Way Counter-point sig. C5^v This passage from the flat to the sharpe would be vnformall. 1664 J. Playford Brief Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 4) i. 59 Observing the same Rule in making the passages of Division by some few Quavers to Notes and to Cadences, not exceeding the Value of a quarter or half a Semibrief at most. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Passage, in Music, a Portion of an Air, or Tune, consisting of several little Notes, as Quavers, Demi-quavers, &c. lasting one, two, or at most, three Measures. 1767 Ess. in Ann. Reg. 199/2 The Italians solfa'd our most pathetic airs, without discovering either passage or tune. d. The passing of time or a period of time. ΘΚΠ the world > time > [noun] > course or passage of time process1357 concoursec1400 coursec1460 successionc1485 passing-by1523 by-passing1526 slacka1533 continuancea1552 race1565 prolapse1585 current1587 decurse1593 passage1596 drifting1610 flux1612 effluxion1621 transcursion1622 decursion1629 devolution1629 progression1646 efflux1647 preterition1647 processus1648 decurrence1659 progress1664 fluxation1710 elapsing1720 currency1726 lapse1758 elapse1793 time-lapse1864 wearing1876 1596 R. Linche Certaine Sonnets in Diella sig. D^v Griefe, though drowsie euer, yet neuer sleepes,..Duly the passage of each houre he keepes. 1640 R. Brathwait Two Lancs. Lovers xxiv. 203 And tedious had the passage of those houres been had not some merriment allaid it. 1678 R. L'Estrange tr. Of Happy Life xix. 249 in Seneca's Morals Abstracted (1679) The Passage of Time is wonderfully quick, and a Man must look Backward to see it. 1796 F. Burney Camilla III. v. vi. 78 She was thus employed, unnoticing the passage of time, when Mrs. Arlbery tapped at her door. 1835 M. W. Shelley Lodore III. vi. 67 To quicken the passage of time, Ethel employed herself in netting a purse. 1847 W. E. Channing Poems 155 Those solitudes can fairly sate The passage of my loneliest day. 1908 Westm. Gaz. 15 Apr. 1/3 The inexorable and hardening passage of twenty years. 1956 S. Wilson Man in Gray Flannel Suit xviii. 140 The old grandfather's clock which had marked the passage of Tom's boyhood continued to mourn the loss of each hour. 1991 C. A. Ronan Nat. Hist. Universe 63/1 As a body approaches a black hole the immense gravitational field causes the passage of time for that body to slow down. e. in passage: in passing, by the way. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > perception or cognition > faculty of ideation > topic, subject-matter > [adverb] > in passing by the way?1520 in passing by1598 passant1602 passantly1602 in passage1605 in the bygoing1637 obviously1658 by the by?1710 passingly1836 in passing1849 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Aa3 These Fundamental knowledges haue bene studied but in passage . View more context for this quotation 1950 Penguin New Writing 40 18 My father, whom I should say, in passage, was a devilish man. f. rite of passage: see as main entry. 5. a. An opportunity to pass; the power, permission, or right to pass. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [noun] > permission for other specific actions passage1417 wayleave1427 repassage1429 wood-leave1503 goodwill1553 exclaustration1945 1417 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. I. 63 (MED) Ye oure Chanceller doo make unto thaim soufficeant Writtes of passage, in suche wyse as thai may have redy passage owt of oure land. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) 2987 He me grauntide full gladly The passage of the outter hay. 1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. H2 She made passage to her choller in these termes of contempt. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 122 All approach farr off to fright, And guard all passage to the Tree of Life. View more context for this quotation 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc v The shatter'd roofs Allow'd the dews of night free passage. 1846 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 II. ii. 79 The refusal to give a passage through Nepal to a British force intended to take possession of Lassa. 1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 454/1 The headwaters of the streams which gave them passage to the heart of the country. 1951 Progressive Archit. Jan. 49 The pair of two-level ‘finger’ concourses allows passage to plane-loading points. †b. Toleration, permission. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > permission > [noun] leaveeOE yleaveOE willOE grant?c1225 thaving?c1225 grantisea1300 licence1362 grace1389 pardona1425 libertyc1425 patiencec1425 permission1425 sufferingc1460 congee1477 legencea1500 withganga1500 favour1574 beleve1575 permittance1580 withgate1599 passage1622 sufferage1622 attolerance1676 sanction1738 permiss- 1622 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. VI. O.T. xvii. 271 He [sc. Solomon] gaue not passage only to the Idolatrie of his heathenish wiues, but furtherance. †6. Originally Scottish. General currency or acceptance, spec. of coinage. Chiefly in to have passage: to be generally acceptable. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > quality of being approvable or acceptable > [noun] passage1488 admittance1534 acceptableness1565 avowablenessa1631 acceptability1647 approvableness1820 OK-ness1935 1488 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) II. 208/2 And a penny of gold to haue passage for xx of the saidis groitis. 1545 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 10 Double dukatis..quhilkis commonly hes course in France for lxxx and xvis. and ar worth samekle to have passage in this realm. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. G1^v As if the multitude..were not readie to giue passage, rather to that which is popular and superficiall. View more context for this quotation 1644 K. Digby Two Treat. i. viii. 53 I..render this treatise intelligible to euery rationall man..(among whom I expect it will haue a fairer passage, then among those that are already deepely imbued with other principles). 1668 Irvine Deeds (MS) in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (1983) V. 346/2 Having uswall course & passage within the said kingdome. 7. The passing of a bill so that it becomes law. ΘΚΠ society > law > legislation > [noun] > passing into law passing1496 passage1587 enacting1631 enaction1796 enactment1817 inuring1885 1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) ii. viii. 174/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I This is the order of the passage of our lawes. 1668 A. Marvell Let. 11 Apr. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 72 It is a businesse of that weight that I scarse belieue it can haue a passage this session. 1805 J. Marshall Life of Washington V. 344 The opinion..derived additional support from the passage of an act by the present Congress. 1893 Times 2 May 10/1 The passage of any measure resembling this would be a deadly blow at landed property in Ireland. 1931 J. T. Adams Epic of Amer. ix. 240 The passage of a more stringent fugitive-slave law. 2002 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 21 Nov. 16/3 Johnson, through a series of sleights of hand, trade-offs, and cross-calculations..engineered the bill through to passage. †8. The action or an act of defecation (or urination). In plural: †faeces (obsolete). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > defecation or urination > defecation > [noun] purgationa1387 shitting1386 officec1395 outpassinga1398 subduction?a1425 easementa1438 cuckingc1440 siegea1475 evacuation?1533 stool1541 egestion1547 dunging1558 purging1579 stooling1599 cackc1600 motion1602 dejection1605 excretion1640 exclusion1646 purgament1650 exoneration1651 disenteration1654 orduring1654 crapping1673 passage1681 seat1697 opening1797 defecation1825 excreting1849 poopc1890 movement1891 job1899 shit?1927 crap1937 dump1942 soiling1943 gick1959 jobbie1981 pooh1981 1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem ii. 8 There turpentine..His medicine for passage sweer That for the van these for the reer. 1778 Prince of Wales in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 416 He took medicine three or four times during the day in order to procure a passage. 1809 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 21 480 He..has been repeatedly from eighteen to twenty-five days without a passage. 1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 106 Late in the attack the passages are in most cases very light clay-colored, or even whitish. 9. Dressage. A slow, elevated trot, in which the legs are raised and lowered in diagonal pairs with a graceful and prolonged suspension. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > special movements performed by trained horse > [noun] > types of trot passage1728 piaffer1754 Spanish march1884 Spanish trot1884 piaffe1899 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. Passage, or Passege, in the Manage, an Action wherein the Horse raises two Legs together, a hind and a fore Leg, in Form of St. Andrew's Cross. 1884 E. L. Anderson Mod. Horsemanship ii. xvii. 146 The Passage..is a slow brilliant trot, in which the horse brings each pair of diagonal legs to the ground at exactly the same moment. 1992 Morgan Horse Nov. 53/1 Everyone knows what a great talent the Lippizans have for piaffe and passage. 10. a. The action of causing something to go past, across, or through; transmission, transference. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > transference > [noun] > transmission or passing on communicationc1384 delation1578 transfusion1578 transmission1611 conveyance1646 transmitting1671 transmit1672 transmittal1735 transmittance1855 passage1860 transjection?1867 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. ii. 20 As fine as if produced by the passage of a rake. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 73 The unskilful passage of an œsophageal bougie. 1935 C. J. Smith Intermediate Physics (ed. 2) v. xliii. 701 Acidulated water..may be decomposed by the passage of the discharge from a Wimshurst machine. 1991 Soldier 28 Oct. 19/3 Of key importance to the rapid passage of battle information during the exercise was the Divisional Computer System. 2001 Daily Tel. 31 Aug. 22/7 The latest form of treatment uses anti-convulsant drugs..to prevent the passage of pain along the nerve. b. Medicine and Biology. The process of passing microorganisms, cells, or parasites through a succession of living hosts or cultures so as to maintain them or modify their virulence; (also) the period (from inoculation to extraction) spent by such microorganisms, etc., in each host or culture. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [noun] > passage passage1896 syringe passage1946 1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 531 The virulence of many organisms may..be permanently or temporarily increased..by passing the organisms through a series of animals (a process which is called ‘passage’). 1926 G. H. Smith tr. F. d'Herelle Bacteriophage iv. 160 The virulence of a bacteriophage may be exalted by successive passages in suspensions of a susceptible bacterium. 1945 Jrnl. Immunol. 51 390 A chorio-allantoic suspension of the 259th chick embryo passage. 1973 Nature 18 May 163/1 These tumours are transplantable and have been transplanted for up to six consecutive passages. 2003 Jrnl. Clin. Microbiol. 41 5 Strains from seven countries were subjected to serial daily passage in drug-free medium. II. A place where there is a way through. 11. a. A route by which a person or thing may pass; a road, a path, a passageway; a narrow lane between buildings; a mountain pass; a duct or channel, esp. in the body.north-east, north-west passage: see under the first element. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [noun] > travelling across or through passagec1300 transita1500 traversing1524 traverse1563 thorough-faring?1575 pass1602 peragration1611 traject1852 society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, passage, or means of access to a place > [noun] patheOE gangOE gangwayOE passagec1300 wenta1325 goingc1350 transit1440 way-wenta1450 accessa1460 traduct1535 conveyance1542 ancoming1589 passado1599 avenue1600 passageway?1606 pass1608 way-ganga1628 approach1633 duct1670 waygate?c1690 way-goa1694 vent1715 archway1802 passway1825 approach road1833 fairway1903 c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 1323 (MED) Hi makede me reue, To kepe þis passage Fram horn. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 2139 (MED) Loke þat hirde-men wel kepe þe komune passage. a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 1394 (MED) Þis world es þe way and passage, Þurgh whilk lyes our pilgrimage. 1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII c. 41 In any towne or village being a thoroughfare or common passag within this realme. 1553 R. Eden in tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India Pref. sig. aaviij^v Into the frosen sea..& so forth to Cathay (yf any suche passage may be found). 1588 T. Hariot Briefe Rep. Virginia c3/2 It..openeth all the pores & passages of the body. 1627–8 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 187 The open passadge in the middell of the Churche. 1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 62 They are surrounded with high Mountains; so that one cannot enter, or go out, but thro' a Defilé or narrow Passage. 1768 L. Sterne Serm. iv. 67 The single hint of the Camel and what a very narrow passage he has to go, has more coercion in it, than all the seesaws of philosophy. 1801 R. Southey Thalaba II. vi. 18 Was it the toil of human hands That hewed a passage in the rock? 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth vii, in Chron. Canongate 2nd ser. II. 197 She avoided the High Street..and reached the wynd by the narrow lanes... But even these comparatively lonely passages were now astir with passengers. 1943 K. L. Pike Phonetics iv. 58 The closure of the nasal passage is therefore a velic closure. 1989 G. Daly Pre-Raphaelites in Love ii. 32 A narrow little passage, not even really a street. b. A place at which a river may be crossed; a ford, ferry, or bridge. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > other means of passage or access > [noun] > place where something may be crossed ferry1286 passage?a1400 trajecta1552 crossing1632 trajection1637 pass1649 rack1659 crossing-place1763 river crossing1839 transit1852 ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 13454 Þei biried him at an heremitage bisid Chinnun, at a passage. ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 177 (MED) Þat streyt passage men clepen in þat contree Clyron, And þat is the passage þat þe queen of Amazoine maketh to ben kept. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 301 There was a grete ryver and but one passage. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lii. 176 When I cam to ony passage of water he wolde caste me in his necke..& bere me ouer. 1611 Bible (King James) Judges xii. 6 Then they tooke him, and slewe him at the passages of Iordan. View more context for this quotation 1650 E. Bland in C. W. Alvord & L. Bidgood First Explor. of Trans-Allegheny Region (1912) 118 From this Creeke is another..and the passage lies some two hundred paces from the Path. 1779 S. Rudder New Hist. Gloucestershire 492 In this parish are two ferries over the Severn. The uppermost, or Old Passage, is in the Tything of Aust. 1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. vii. 50 Its several ‘crossings’ have been divided into the South, the Middle, and the Northern passages. 1993 W. Baldwin Hard to catch Mercy xiii. 398 An ox cart that forded the passage from Brittle Branch, Ajax. c. A corridor giving access to the various rooms or divisions of a building, ship, etc., or running between two rooms; a gallery, lobby, or hall. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > passage or corridor > [noun] alley1363 tresance1428 passagea1525 gallery1541 trance1545 through-passage1575 lobby1596 passageway?1606 conduit1624 gangway1702 vista1708 glidec1710 aisle1734 gallery1756 corridor1814 traverse1822 heck1825 rotunda1847 scutchell1847 zaguan1851 aisleway1868 pend1893 dogtrot1901 fairway1903 dog run1904 dog walk1938 walkout1947 coulisse1949 a1525 Bk. Sevyne Sagis 2344, in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 75 Ane preve passage for to mak. 1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Q6^v At the West end of this glorious Councell hall.., there is a passage into another most stately roome. 1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 245 I was in the Passage, or Entry of the House. 1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island i. vi. 45 The servant led us down a matted passage, and showed us at the end into a great library. 1929 M. de la Roche Whiteoaks i. 1 A passage covered by striped red and white awning led to the hall of the Coliseum. 1995 E. Toman Dancing in Limbo i. 23 The young pup left his bicycle in the passage. I'm never done tripping over it. III. Dice. 12. A gambling game for two people played with three dice, in which the aim is to throw a double over ten. Cf. pass-dice n. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > other dice games rafflec1405 passagec1425 treygobet1426 mumchance1528 trey-trip1564 lots?1577 novum?1577 fox-mine-host1622 in and in1630 merry main1664 snake1688 pass-dice1753 chicken hazard1781 Shaking in the Shallow1795 sequin hazard1825 chuck-a-luck1836 Newmarket1837 chicken1849 poker dice1870 under and over1890 sweat1894 crown and anchor1902 Murrumbidgee1917 beetle1936 liar dice1946 Yahtzee1957 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 836 Adevaunte, hasard, and passage; Ȝif on haue Ioye, Anoþer suffereþ wo, Liche as þe bonys renne to and fro. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 11194 I will..pleyn..at the dees..Bothe at hassard & passage. 1522 Worlde & Chylde (de Worde) (1909) sig. C.iii And than we wyll with lombardes at passage playe. 1602 2nd Pt. Returne fr. Parnassus Prol. 12 You that knowe what it is to play at primero, or passage. 1680 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester (ed. 2) 119 Passage is a Game at dice to be played at but by two, and it is performed with three Dice. The Caster throws continually till he hath thrown Dubblets under ten, and then he is out and loseth; or Dubblets above ten, and then he passeth and wins. 1739–40 Act 13 Geo. II c. 19 §9 A certain game called Passage is now daily practiced and carried on, to the ruin and impoverishment of many of his Majesty's subjects. a1753 P. Drake Memoirs (1755) II. xvi. 262 The Games of Rowly Powly and Passage..all these Games were suppressed by Parliament. 1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel I. xi. 308 He is the well-known and general referee in all matters affecting the mysteries of Passage, Hazard, In and In, Penneeck and Verquire. 1932 E. Sitwell Bath 109 They [sc. gamblers] invented, therefore, Passage, Roly-Poly, [etc.]. IV. An episode or section. 13. a. A section of a speech, text, play, etc., considered by itself, and usually of small extent; an extract relating to a particular subject. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > [noun] > piece or quantity of i-writeOE writlOE hand-writc1175 scritec1325 scripta1350 writingc1384 letterc1390 write1428 briefa1450 titlec1450 scroll1534 escript1550 passagec1550 hand write1567 side1579 scrieve1581 manuscript1600 sheetful1711 page1743 slateful1836 chirograph1844 pageful1859 M1899 society > communication > book > matter of book > [noun] > small division parcela1398 passagec1550 fraction1625 pericopea1657 sectiuncle1838 the mind > language > speech > speech-making > [noun] > a discourse or lecture > passage of sentencec1400 processa1425 passagec1550 society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > parts of a written composition > [noun] > passage sentencec1400 comma1649 passage1711 c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) iv. 23 That passage of the text nedis nocht ane alligoric expositione. ?1611 G. Chapman in tr. Homer Iliads ii. Comm. 34 His interpreters must needs come [short] of him, in his streight and deepe places; when in his open and faire passages, they halt and hang backe so. 1694 R. South 12 Serm. II. 440 I shall give you the whole Passage in his own Words. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 2. ⁋1 He..gained universal Applause by explaining a Passage in the Game-Act. 1759 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful (ed. 2) v. §5. 328 There is not perhaps in the whole Eneid a more grand and laboured passage, than the description of Vulcan's cavern in Etna. 1801 M. Edgeworth Forester in Moral Tales I. 160 To look for the passage in the original author. 1891 Speaker 2 May 533/1 The paper contains brilliant passages, notably an admirable estimate of Gautier. 1930 D. L. Sayers Strong Poison i. 14 Passages were read out to you, showing that the subject of the book was murder by arsenic. 2001 A. Gurnah By the Sea iii. 78 He loved for his students to learn passages from great works by heart. †b. A remark or observation made in speaking or writing. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > [noun] speechc725 spellc888 tonguec897 spellingc1000 wordOE mathelingOE redec1275 sermonc1275 leeda1300 gale13.. speakc1300 speaking1303 ledenc1320 talea1325 parliamentc1325 winda1330 sermoningc1330 saying1340 melinga1375 talkingc1386 wordc1390 prolationa1393 carpinga1400 eloquencec1400 utteringc1400 language?c1450 reporturec1475 parleyc1490 locutionc1500 talk1539 discourse1545 report1548 tonguec1550 deliverance1553 oration1555 delivery1577 parling1582 parle1584 conveying1586 passage1598 perlocution1599 wording1604 bursta1616 ventilation1615 loquency1623 voicinga1626 verbocination1653 loquence1677 pronunciation1686 loquel1694 jawinga1731 talkee-talkee?1740 vocification1743 talkation1781 voicing1822 utterancy1827 voicing1831 the spoken word1832 outness1851 verbalization1851 voice1855 outgiving1865 stringing1886 praxis1950 1598 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia ii. 183 [He replied] with such iestes, and disdainfull passages, that if the iniurie coulde not bee made greater, yet were our conceites made the apter to apprehend it. a1649 J. Winthrop Hist. New Eng. (1853) I. 247 One of the assistants using some pathetical passages of the loss of such a governour in a time of such danger. a1657 W. Bradford Hist. Plymouth Plantation in Coll. Mass. Hist. Soc. (1856) 4th Ser. III. 307 I would..deliver y^e truth..as nere as I can, in their owne words and passages. 1660 Exact Accompt Trial Regicides 44 Being there, I did observe some Passages fall from the Prisoner at the Bar; the words were to this purpose. †c. A part of a speech or text which digresses from the main subject. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > [noun] > discursiveness or digression > a digression sojournc1330 digressionc1374 adigression1483 start1534 interposition1553 vagary1572 excursion1574 excourse1579 parecbasis1584 parenthesis1594 transversal1612 evagation1618 passage1625 far-about1639 excurrency1650 deviation1665 parathesis1668 alieniloquy1727 side-slip1843 excursus1845 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 144 Prefaces, and Passages,..and other Speeches of Reference to the Person, are great wasts of Time. 1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 102 The first discourse, was..intermixt with recreative passages. d. Music. A distinctive section of a work having no structural significance. Also: a short, difficult section of a work which serves to demonstrate a performer's skill (cf. passage work n. at Compounds 2). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] gammec1425 strain1575 passage1776 figure1884 paragraph1959 1776 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music I. 70 In no one of the seven treatises upon ancient music..is a single air, or passage of Greek melody, come down to us. 1786 T. Busby Compl. Dict. Music at Medley A medley is a humorous hotch-potch assemblage of the detached parts or passages of different well-known songs. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Lancelot & Elaine 891–2 in Idylls of King As a little helpless innocent bird, That has but one plain passage of few notes, Will sing the simple passage o'er and o'er For all an April morning. 1880 G. Grove Dict. Music II. 661/2 The word ‘passage’..is sometimes used in a special though not very honourable sense, of runs and such portions of music as are meaningless except as opportunities for display of dexterity. 1955 L. Feather Encycl. Jazz 289 His lacy, charming melodies sometimes contrast with ‘stride’ passages of great intensity. 1990 Strad June 500/3 The orchestra manages remarkable feats of unanimity in passages of very pianistic rubato. e. Art. A particular part or detail in a painting, spec. an area where one tone merges into another. Also: the technique of achieving this effect. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > [noun] > a painting > part of passage1861 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > art of colouring > [noun] > gradual passing from one to another gradation1728 passage1861 1861 G. W. Thornbury Life J. M. W. Turner I. 142 In the earliest Saxon and Old English MSS. are to be found passages of transparent colour. 1897 Mag. of Art Nov. 39 There are passages which represent the original with curious felicity. 1962 Listener 15 Feb. 304/1 They [sc. the Cubists] exaggerated his use of his device known as passage by which the near end of a plane is clearly defined while the far end dissolves into space. 1967 J. N. Barron Lang. of Painting 143 These passages are used to relate volumes or three-dimensional forms to the two-dimensional picture frame. 2002 Sarasota (Florida) Herald-Tribune (Nexis) 8 Dec. (Arts & Travel) g1 The contrast between tight and loose passages of paint are reminiscent of the English 19th-century romantics. 14. An occurrence, incident, or event; an episode in a person's life. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > a proceeding > [noun] thingOE processa1325 fare1340 dancea1352 passage1569 play1581 procedure1590 carriage1609 conduct1706 démarche1721 affair1797 proceeding1801 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 731 Surely it was a daungerous passage to conuey a prince in a straunge realme, by such a strayte. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. ii. 68 There is no christian..can euer beleeue such impossible passages of grossenesse. View more context for this quotation 1624 Duke of Buckingham Let. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 180 [It] will facilitate..those passages of favors, grace, and goodnes which his Majesty hath promised for the ease of the Romaine Catholickes. 1671–2 Sir C. Lyttelton in E. M. Thompson Corr. Family of Hatton (1878) I. 76 There has lately happened a very strange passage upon occasion of [etc.]. 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 198. ⁋1 Her Life has lately met with Passages very uncommon. a1741 T. Chalkley Jrnl. an. 1734 in Wks. (1751) 265 A remarkable and dismal Passage he related to me. 1821 C. Lamb in London Mag. Sept. 283/2 I remember a pleasant passage, of the cook applying to him..for instructions how to write down edge bone of beef. 1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. xvi. 300 The magnificent young Scot sprang to him,..talked over old passages. 1897 H. Tennyson Alfred Lord Tennyson I. ii. 40 Despite such passages of gloom he worked on. 1941 J. Agee & W. Evans Let us now praise Famous Men 231 How many..of the casual passages in our experience, carry a value, joy, strength, validity. 1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 19 Oct. 54/2 His lie about the humdrum passages of life. V. An exchange. 15. In later use more fully passage of (also at) arms. An exchange of blows between two combatants; a duel, a fight. Also figurative: a verbal altercation or dispute. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > [noun] > an act or instance of > a hostile encounter encounter1297 counterc1330 brusha1400 recountering1410 recountera1470 encountering1482 re-encounter1525 re-encountry1569 passage1608 congression?1611 confronta1626 traverse1640 clash1646 congress1646 conjunction1648 head-to-head1899 go-around1912 mano a mano1950 face-off1956 bitchfest1985 1608 G. Chapman Byrons Conspiracie i. i We should not set these passages of Splene Twixt Spaine and Sauoy; to the weaker part, More good by suffrance growes, than deedes of heart. 1616 B. Jonson Cynthias Revels (rev. ed.) v. ii, in Wks. I. 237 You haue your passages, and imbroccata's in courtship. ?c1663 B. Whitelocke Diary (1990) 145 Wh[itelocke]..acquainted him with all the passages, & he..laying his hand uppon his sword, [etc.]. 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. xiv. 287 We drink this beaker..to the health of Wilfred of Ivanhoe, champion of this passage of arms. 1885 Manch. Examiner 21 Mar. 6/2 The most interesting part of the debate was a smart passage at arms between his Grace and Lord Bramwell. 1908 E. F. Benson Climber 160 There had been that little passage before dinner; there had been just a shade of friction about her smoking. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses iii. xvi. [Eumaeus] 596 The listeners..followed the passage of arms with interest so long as they didn't indulge in recriminations and come to blows. 1988 M. Ivins in Ms. Nov. 19/3 There was an interesting passage-at-arms involving George Bush's sister. 16. An interchange of communications or negotiations; an exchange of confidences or amorous relations between two people; a flirtatious conversation. ΘΚΠ society > communication > [noun] > interchange of communications, confidences, etc. passado1606 passage1609 the mind > emotion > love > amorous love > [noun] > interchange of confidences or amorous relations passado1606 passage1609 society > society and the community > social relations > [noun] > instance of > between two persons mutually passado1606 passage1609 1609 T. Heywood Troia Britanica xiii. 333 These passages of friendship giuen and tooke, Behold a Herald from the Towne appeares, Who greets the proud Greekes with a friendly looke. 1612 N. Field Woman a Weather-cocke ii. sig. D2 And such strange passages and mutuall Vowes. 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης viii. 68 The King..gives..order to stop all passages between him [sc. the Governor of Hull] and the Parlament. 1845 R. W. Hamilton Inst. Pop. Educ. vi. 138 Would not both parties profit in these passages of confidence? a1901 W. Besant Five Years' Tryst (1902) 108 She was by no means ignorant of certain passages and rumours of passages between Will Stephen and this simple country maid. 1940 M. de la Roche Whiteoak Chron. iii. vii. 461 He was no longer quite so happy at the Leighs'. Not that his passage with Ada had made any palpable difference. Compounds C1. a. Used as or providing a means of conveyance for passengers, esp. across water. † passage-barge n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel for transporting people or goods > passenger vessel > [noun] > on rivers or canals riverboat1565 budgerow1727 passage-barge1804 fly-boat1841 bateau-mouche1903 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel of specific construction or shape > flat-bottomed boat > [noun] > barge > other types of barge coal barge1720 budgerow1727 water1727 brick barge1738 tent-barge1796 water barge1798 passage-barge1804 steam barge1812 schooner barge1819 tongkang1834 bumbarge1839 Tom Pudding1880 grain-barge1902 butty1923 support barge1967 reel barge1972 1804 European Mag. 45 443/1 Going from Fontainbleau to Dijon, in the passage barge. passage-bark n. ΚΠ 1904 N.E.D. at Passage sb. Passage-bark. † passage-canoe n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1851 Househ. Words 1 Mar. 546/2 A passage canoe is as light as the trunk of a mango-tree can be made by adzing out the interior. † passage-hoy n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1705 London Gaz. No. 4141/4 Employed in the Passage-Hoys between London and the Nore. † passage ship n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel for transporting people or goods > passenger vessel > [noun] passenger1443 passage boat1567 foot boat1579 passenger ship1602 passage ship1644 passenger boat1837 passenger steamer1851 1644 J. Forbes Diary 15 June in J. Spalding Mem. Trubles (1851) II. 501 Toward the passadge ship for Swartsluyse, from Amsterdame. 1734 G. Berkeley Let. 30 Apr. in Wks. (1871) IV. 227 You can tell what passage-ships are on this side of the water. 1826 C. Lambert Jrnl. 9 Apr. (1998) 105 Went to the port with Mr. Dobson to see the Auriga and see how she could be employed for a passage ship from here to Copiapo Conception. † passage wagon n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > public service vehicle > [noun] > wagon to carry many passengers passage wagon1774 1774 J. Adams Diary 29 Aug. (1961) II. 114 Here We saw two or 3 Passage Waggons—a Vehicle with four Wheels contrived to carry many Passengers and much Baggage. b. Transitional. passage-time n. ΚΠ 1873 M. Arnold Lit. & Dogma xi. 338 There will be a passage-time of confusion first. C2. passage bed n. Geology a stratum exhibiting a transition from one formation or rock type to another. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > transitional stratum passage bed1846 1846 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 2 129 (note) By ‘passage beds’ are meant the highest beds of the Caradoc sandstone. 1955 Jrnl. Ecol. 43 74 This material occurs as a passage-bed varying in thickness.., overlying the Northampton Sand. 1992 Proc. Yorks. Geol. Soc. 49 155/1 The Passage Beds form the lowest member of the Coralline Oolite Formation (Corallian Group) in North Yorkshire. † passage-bell n. Obsolete rare a bell in a passage of a building (for signalling the arrival of a visitor). ΚΠ 1825 Eng. Life II. 231 The passage-bell rung loudly. passage bird n. (a) = bird of passage n. at sense 1e(a); †(b) = passage hawk n. (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > [noun] > family Falconidae > genus Falco (falcon) > caught during migration passage birda1762 passage hawk1828 the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > migration > migratory bird summer bird1575 passenger1579 bird of passage1717 refugee1764 migrant1768 migrater1770 migrator1836 wanderer1837 traveller1874 passage bird1878 passage migrant1932 a1762 Lady M. W. Montagu Bird of Passage in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (1763) V. 278 Scarce his passion known, This Passage-Bird is flown To warmer air, and brighter climes. 1852 R. F. Burton Falconry in Valley of Indus iv. 41 Hawks..are of two kinds, the ‘eyess’ (or nyess), and the ‘passage-bird’. 1878 C. Stanford Symbols Christ (new ed.) v. 139 The passage bird is never lost. High over the waves of the Atlantic it strikes a right path to its home a thousand leagues away. 1992 Bird Watching Jan. 30/1 November was relatively quiet, with the best records involving passage birds, rather than long stayers. passage-board n. a board placed between the parts of an organ to make them accessible for tuning or repairs. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > other parts super-octave1853 sub-octave1855 passage-board1880 1880 C. A. Edwards Organs ii. iv. 59 A passage-board for the use of the tuner. 1988 Organbuilder May 11/1 The pedal Subbass..stands behind a passageboard with the two wedge bellows below. † passage-book n. Obsolete rare a book containing details of a person's bank account; = passbook n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > keeping accounts > account or statement of > [noun] > bank book or savings book bankbook1714 passage-book1816 savings book1826 passbook1828 post-office savings bank book1936 society > trade and finance > financial dealings > banking > [noun] > bank-account > passbook or savings book bankbook1714 bankers' book1764 passage-book1816 savings book1826 passbook1828 post-office savings bank book1936 1816 in J. H. Merivale Rep. Cases Chancery I. 535 A book, called a passage-book, is opened by the bankers, and delivered by them to the customer. passage form n. Biology a form that is intermediate or transitional between two species. ΚΠ 1865 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 155 343 This may be looked at as a passage-form from a simple Vaginulina..or it may be regarded as a medium between Cristellaria and Marginulina; and so leading to Nodosaria. 1901 Nature 3 Jan. 234/2 He finds that..passage-forms prove to be the rule, while sharply-defined and typical species are the exception. 1940 F. F. Grout Kemp's Handbk. Rocks (ed. 6) iii. 66 The mineral sodalite may develop and yields sodalite syenites which are passage forms to nepheline syenites. passage-free adv. free of charge (with reference to conveyance on a means of transport). ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [adverb] > without charge for postage or travel post-free1670 postage-free1692 carriage-paid1700 passage-free1719 carriage-free1724 society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > public passenger transport > [adverb] > without paying fare passage-free1719 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 303 You will carry me..to England Passage free. 1768 J. Cremer Jrnl. 27 Jan. in R. R. Bellamy Ramblin' Jack (1936) 113 He..got..three pound Starling when Loaded and ready to Saile, his Wife to be passage free to London. 1928 Daily Express 28 Aug. 3/7 She..brings to Canada almost passage-free any man of good health and physique who is an experienced agriculturist. passage-gallery n. rare a gallery that serves as a passage between different parts of a building. ΚΠ c1615 S. D'Ewes Secret Hist. James I (Harl. MS) in Autobiogr. & Corr. (1845) II. 334 (modernized text) My Lord..laid it in a passage gallery in several papers. 1956 G. F. Webb Archit. in Brit. v. 84 The walls of this nave are designed in three zones: the lowest is plain ashlar, the middle zone contains an arcaded passage gallery, and there is a second gallery at the top. † passage-gelt n. (also passage-gilt) Obsolete money paid as a fare; = passage money n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > toll for passing through > [noun] through-toll1228 passagea1325 pedagea1382 peage1448 podagea1450 passage money1474 thorough toll1567 toll traverse1567 rahdar1623 rahdari1627 gate-penny1693 rahdarage1698 passage-gelt1712 traverse1754 likin1862 1712 R. Thoresby Diary (1830) II. 164 Baldock-lanes, notorious for their badness, as the neighbourhood for exaction of passage-gelt through the enclosures. 1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies I. xxxii. 388 In the whole, it cost me about 1£. Sterl. for Passage-gilt. 1745 London Mag. 402 Both Natives and Foreigners are forced to pay passage Gelt. passage hawk n. Falconry a hawk that has been caught for training as an immature adult, esp. on its first autumn migration; also called passager; cf. eyas n., haggard n.² 1. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > [noun] > family Falconidae > genus Falco (falcon) > caught during migration passage birda1762 passage hawk1828 1828 J. S. Sebright Observ. Hawking (new ed.) 30 The falconers are obliged to keep the passage-hawks somewhat low, from the fear of losing them. 1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports iv. §3. 223/1 Passage-hawks..are caught on the continent of Europe.., in the autumn, as they pass southwards and to the east. 1901 R. Kipling Kim x. 239 He's no eyass But a passage-hawk that footed ere we caught him. 1991 R. Upton Falconry iii. 93 Passage hawks and haggards which are late caught are..much more experienced in the ways of the wild. passage-house n. rare †(a) a privy (obsolete); (b) (perhaps) a building on a shore from which a ferry departs. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > sanitation > privy or latrine > [noun] gongOE privy?c1225 room-housec1275 chamber foreignc1300 wardrobea1325 privy chamberc1325 foreignc1390 siegec1400 stool1410 jakes1432 house of easementa1438 kocayc1440 siege-hole1440 siege-house1440 privy house1463 withdraught1493 draught1530 shield1535 bench-hole1542 common house1542 stool1542 jakes house1547 boggard1552 house of office?1560 purging place1577 little house1579 issue1588 Ajax1596 draught-house1597 private1600 necessary house1612 vault1617 longhouse1622 latrine1623 necessary1633 commonsa1641 gingerbread officea1643 boghouse1644 cloaca1645 passage-house1646 retreat1653 shithouse1659 closet of ease1662 garderobe1680 backside1704 office1727 bog?1731 house of ease1734 cuz-john1735 easing-chair1771 backhouse1800 outhouse1819 netty1825 petty1848 seat of ease1850 closet1869 bathroom1883 crapper1927 lat1927 shouse1941 biffy1942 shitholec1947 toot1965 shitter1967 woodshed1974 1646 Perfect Occurr. Parl. No. 12 sig. M3 A party of horse and foot..burnt down the Stables, and went on to the Passage-house, where they took most of their Officers and souldiers, and have now laid close siege to it. 1716 A. Pope Further Acct. E. Curll 21 And thence be drawn..bit by bit, to the Passage-House. 1795 Duke of Rutland Jrnl. 24 Aug. in Tour S. Coasts Eng. (1805) 199 About nine o'clock, we found ourselves at the passage house, and as soon as we had got our horses into the ferry-boat, we put off from the shore. a1923 H. Trench Poems (1924) 18 The shag-hair'd guard, with a mock, laid spears in their passage house Athwart. passage migrant n. a bird that stays for a short time in an area during the course of its seasonal migration; also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > traveller > [noun] > stopping only for a short time bird of passage1717 transient1740 passage migrant1932 the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > migration > migratory bird summer bird1575 passenger1579 bird of passage1717 refugee1764 migrant1768 migrater1770 migrator1836 wanderer1837 traveller1874 passage bird1878 passage migrant1932 1932 Jrnl. Ecol. 20 375 The outstanding difficulty with which we had to contend was the presence of passage migrants. 1976 N. Roberts Face of France iv. 47 In the past they [sc. the French] did indeed accept Black immigrants, and particularly passage migrants, happily enough. 1991 Bird Watching June 56/4 Passage migrants included..a flock of seven common sandpipers feeding on the dam spillway. † passage-penny n. Obsolete rare a penny charged for passage on a form of transport. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > fare farec1425 ferelay1547 naulum1596 passage-penny1596 naul1724 passage money1833 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v. ii. sig. N3 But he him makes his passage-penny pay. View more context for this quotation passage room n. a room that also serves as a means of access to another. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room by situation > [noun] > anteroom outchamberc1475 antechamber1587 anticamera1625 outer rooma1637 passage room1666 anteroom1668 entre salle1841 1666 S. Pepys Diary 25 Feb. (1972) VII. 56 I and my wife in a passage-room to bed, and slept not very well, because of noise. 1797 J. Farington Diary 21 Nov. (1923) I. lviii. 203 He had no passage from his Bedchambers.., unless his drawing room must be made a passage room. 1838 Gentleman's Mag. 9 255/2 A passage-room and staircase. 1940 C. Beaton Diary Sept. in Self Portrait with Friends (1979) x. 75 The three reception-rooms give on to a small passage room. passage thermometer n. now historical an instrument for measuring the passage of heat through a substance. ΚΠ 1792 B. Thompson in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 82 51 As this instrument is calculated merely for measuring the passage of heat in the substance whose conducting power is examined, I shall give it the name of passage-thermometer. 1962 S. C. Brown Count Rumford vii. 50 [Rumford] designed what he called his passage thermometer... The instrument consisted of a thermometer mounted in a tube like a modern test tube. passage work n. Music a section of a work which calls for virtuosic display; the execution of such a section. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > passage executed in specific way concerto grosso1724 legatoa1757 ad libitum1759 larghetto1760 moderato1762 bravura1787 pomposo1807 tutti1816 spiritoso1829 alla capella1859 alla marcia1860 passage work1865 retrogression1869 largamente1878 religioso1888 grandioso1914 animato1924 pesante1932 precipitato1955 1865 Athenæum No. 1968. 89/2 The passage-work in Astrofiammante's two airs. 1920 Musical Times 61 159 The Fantasia is mere passage-work of the most desolating description. 1959 Times 13 Nov. 15/4 Some of his faster passage-work (notably in Beethoven's semi-quavers) tended to sound scratchy. 2000 N.Y. Times 9 May e5/4 The dizzying, slightly crazed passage work, played here with crisp rhythmic clarity. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). passagev.¹ Brit. /ˈpasɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French passager. Etymology: < French passager (1678, after Italian passeggiare (see below); a1560 in sense ‘to go, walk’) < passage passage n. Compare French passéger , in the same sense (1678; now archaic), directly < Italian passeggiare (16th cent.; a1321 in sense ‘to walk, stroll’), frequentative of passare pass v. Horse Riding. intransitive. To move sideways in riding, the horse making controlled and exaggerated stepping movements. Also in extended use: to move from side to side or to and fro. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride a horse (or other animal) [verb (intransitive)] > move sideways passage1753 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > special movements performed by trained horse > perform special movements [verb (intransitive)] > move sideways traverse1539 passage1753 side-slip1870 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Piaffeur Horses..bred to passage upon a straight line, are much admired in carousals and magnificent festivals. 1832 Proposed Regulations Cavalry ii. 18 The..men passaging right, or left, as may be necessary. 1859 C. J. Lever Martins of Cro' Martin (new ed.) II. xxxvi. 363 The sound of troop-horses passaging to and fro..now interrupted the colloquy. 1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona xxii. 263 The ship..plunging and passaging upon the anchor cable. 1922 H. L. Stuart in H. E. Stearns Civilization in U.S. 470 A bright coated horse..pranced, curvetted, ‘passaged’ from side to side under a practised hand. 1998 Times 27 June (Sports section) 47/7 For a few scattered moments, as we passaged, as we piaffed, as we danced, I was one of them [sc. the best riders in the world]. 2000 Austral. Jrnl. Anthropol. 11 1 Once on the floor-space a dancer never stops moving, passaging back and forth to the altar. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). passagev.² Brit. /ˈpasɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ (in sense 3)Brit. /paˈsɑːʒ/, /pəˈsɑːʒ/, U.S. /pəˈsɑʒ/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: passage n. Etymology: < passage n. 1. a. intransitive. To travel, esp. in a boat or ship; to go or move onward, across, or past. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > [verb (intransitive)] sailc893 lithec900 fleetc1275 ship13.. assailc1450 waft?a1562 sneir1568 sulk1579 single1587 navigate1588 waff1611 passage1791 1791 J. Ingraham Jrnl. 24 May in Jrnl. Brigantine Hope (1971) 77 Seeing a fresh breeze coming, he took his leave saying he should look out for us when we passaged again to China. c1814 S. T. Coleridge Notebks. (1973) III. §4194 The sea-mew..now passaging Edges the stiffer Breeze, now yielding drifts. 1840 J. H. Newman Church of Fathers vi. 79 I earnestly desired to find some brother..who might passage with me over the brief wave of this life. 1924 J. Galsworthy Mod. Comedy (1929) 507 A streak of sunlight passaging through the cypresses. 1963 B. Fuller Ideas & Integrities vi. 127 Many tribes penetrated the Mongolian hinterland, passaging westward to the north side of the enormous Himalayan ranges. b. transitive. To travel across or by way of (a body of water). ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > [verb (transitive)] > sail across oversail?a1400 to put over1569 transfrete1595 transfretate1653 ply1700 passage1987 1987 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 18 Oct. (Mag.) ii. 10 Others [sc. other Tall Ships] passaging the Indian Ocean will reach Fremantle, Albany, Port Lincoln, Adeleide and Melbourne. 1996 FT Energy Newslett. (North Sea Lett.) (Nexis) 18 Dec. 14 The Lancia is currently passaging the Suez Canal. †2. intransitive. To dispute, contend. Cf. passage n. 15, passaging n.² 1. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > contention or strife > contend [verb (intransitive)] winc888 fightc900 flitec900 wraxlec1000 wrestlea1200 cockc1225 conteckc1290 strivec1290 struta1300 topc1305 to have, hold, make, take strifec1374 stightlea1375 debatec1386 batea1400 strugglec1412 hurlc1440 ruffle1440 warc1460 warslea1500 pingle?a1513 contend1529 repugn1529 scruggle1530 sturtc1535 tuga1550 broilc1567 threap1572 yoke1581 bustle1585 bandy1594 tilt1595 combat1597 to go (also shake, try, wrestle) a fall1597 mutiny1597 militate1598 combatizec1600 scuffle1601 to run (or ride) a-tilt1608 wage1608 contesta1618 stickle1625 conflict1628 stickle1647 dispute1656 fence1665 contrast1672 scramble1696 to battle it1715 rug1832 grabble1835 buffet1839 tussle1862 pickeer1892 passage1895 tangle1928 1895 S. R. Crockett Men of Moss-hags 45 It was a curious sight to see them passaging with little airs and graces, like fighting cocks matched in a pit. 3. transitive. Medicine and Biology. To subject (microorganisms, cells, or parasites) to passage (passage n. 10b). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > processes > [verb (transitive)] > passage subpassage1926 passage1927 syringe passage1946 1927 Brit. Jrnl. Dermatol. 39 7 Although the herpetic strain has been submitted to intracerebral passages for 4 years, it is still far from being as virulent or ‘neurotropic’ as the lethargica strain which has been passaged for 18 months only. 1952 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 95 260 All [influenza strains] were prepared from allantoic fluid passaged in 10 to 11 day old embryos. 2003 Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy 47 1658 Tropheryma whipplei..grows fastidiously only in cell cultures without plaque production, and only three strains have been passaged. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1300v.¹1753v.²1791
随便看	glycins glyco glyco- glyco-benzoic glyco-cyamidine glyco-cyamine glyco-gelatin glyco-proteid glycobenzoic glycobiology glycocholate glycocholic glycocholic acid glycocin glycocoll glycocyamidine glycocyamine glycoformal glycogelatin glycogen glycogeneses glycogenesis glycogenetic glycogenic glycogenic acid

passagen.

Compounds

passagev.1

passagev.2

passagev.¹

passagev.²