† pareiladj.n.

Forms: late Middle English paraile, late Middle English parayl, late Middle English paraylle, late Middle English pareill, late Middle English parelle, late Middle English pareylle, late Middle English paroyalle, late Middle English–1500s pareile, 1500s pareyl, 1500s pareyll, 1600s pareil; Scottish pre-1700 pareil. N.E.D. (1904) also records forms Middle English parail, Middle English parayle, Middle English pareille.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pareil.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French parail, pareil (mid 12th cent. in Old French as parel ; also in Old French as paroil , and in Anglo-Norman as parel ; French pareil ) (adjective) equal, similar, (noun) person who is similar to another (mid 12th cent. in Old French), companion (second half of the 13th cent. or earlier) < post-classical Latin pariculus equal (6th cent.) < classical Latin pār equal (see par n.¹) + -i- -i- connective + -culus -cule suffix. Compare Occitan parelh (a1150 in Old Occitan; also as †pareil , †pareilh , †pareill ), Spanish parejo (1228–46), Italian parecchio (13th cent. in sense ‘equal, similar’; now usually in plural in sense ‘much, several, a lot of’), Catalan parell (13th cent.). Compare nonpareil adj., nonpareil n.

Obsolete.

A. adj.

Equal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [adjective]

evenlyeOE

evenOE

egallc1374

equalc1400

pareilc1450

just1551

matchable1558

parile1606

equivalenta1626

c1450 (?c1425) E. Hull tr. Seven Psalms (1995) 40 ‘Þer ys noon’, he seythe, ‘pareyl to Cryste and noon grettyr þen Powle.’

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. ccviij/2 Who is he that is founde paraylle or lyke to thys sacrefyse.

1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) v. ii. sig. hviii Vnto yow is none lyke ne pareylle in Crystendome.

1494 Loutfut MS f. 12^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) And gif ȝe will knaw quhat is losenge voide vydee it is pareil till ane macle.

1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 23 Was neuer sight of pareil fame.

B. n.

1. An equal, a match. Also: a mate, a fellow, a companion. Cf. nonpareil n. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [noun] > equal, counterpart, or equivalent

ylikeeOE

likea1200

make?c1225

fellow?a1425

proportion?a1425

countervailc1430

matcha1450

meetc1450

pareil?c1450

resemblant1484

equivalent1502

countermatch1587

second1599

parallel1600

equipollent1611

balancea1616

tantamount1637

analogy1646

analogate1652

form-fellow1659

equivalency1698

par1711

homologizer1716

peel1722

analogon1797

quits1806

correlate1821

analogue1837

representant1847

homologue1848

countertype1855

homologon1871

correlative1875

vis-à-vis1900

counterpart1903

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > [noun]

yferec870

brothereOE

ymonec950

headlingOE

ferec975

fellowOE

friendOE

eveningOE

evenlinglOE

even-nexta1225

compeerc1275

monec1300

companiona1325

partnerc1330

peerc1330

neighbour?c1335

falec1380

matec1380

makec1385

companya1425

sociatec1430

marrow1440

partyc1443

customera1450

conferec1450

pareil?c1450

comparcionerc1475

resortc1475

socius1480

copartner?1504

billy?a1513

accomplice1550

panion1553

consorterc1556

compartner1564

co-mate1576

copemate1577

competitor1579

consociate1579

coach-companion1589

comrade1591

consort1592

callant1597

comrado1598

associate1601

coach-fellow1602

rival1604

social1604

concomitanta1639

concerner1639

consociator1646

compane1647

societary1652

bor1677

socius1678

interessora1687

companioness1691

rendezvouser1742

connection1780

frater1786

matey1794

pardner1795

left bower1829

running mate1867

stable companion1868

pard1872

buddy1895

maat1900

bro1922

stable-mate1941

bredda1969

Ndugu1973

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 146 (MED) Now y shall..speke vnto you of a lady that hathe no paraile.

a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 139 Kutt þe vpper crust, for youre souerayne..Suffere youre parelle to stond stille to þe botom, & so nyȝe y-spend owt.

1496 Epit. Iaspar Late Duke of Beddeforde (Pynson) sig. aiv^v Whos parayle alyue thou can not fynde.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 638 (MED) The damesell is full of grete bewte, that in foure remes sholde not be founden hir pareile.

1512 R. Copland tr. Knyght of Swanne xv. sig. D.iiii^v He ne knewe his pareyll in prudence of vnderstandynge.

1638 Bp. J. Taylor Serm. Gunpowder Treason 7 We shall quickly finde out more then a pareil for S. Iames and S. Iohn the Boanerges of my Text.

2. Equality. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [noun]

comparison1340

evennessa1398

evenhead?a1400

equipollencec1430

pareil?c1450

equalityc1460

comparation1483

egalness1526

equalness1530

equivalency1535

eveningc1540

equivalencea1542

indifferency1569

owelty1579

coequality1583

mateship1593

equal1596

adequation1605

parity1609

parility1610

matchableness1611

equipollency1623

equiparance1624

egality1628

equipage1633

comparitya1635

omniparity1635

peership1641

exequation1656

equipoise1658

equipotency1658

countervalue1660

adequateness1664

commensurablenessa1676

peerage1681

égalité1794

peerdom1891

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 61 (MED) Eue..beleuid for to haue pareill to God [Fr. vouloit estre pareille a Dieu].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pareil
释义	† pareiladj.n. Forms: late Middle English paraile, late Middle English parayl, late Middle English paraylle, late Middle English pareill, late Middle English parelle, late Middle English pareylle, late Middle English paroyalle, late Middle English–1500s pareile, 1500s pareyl, 1500s pareyll, 1600s pareil; Scottish pre-1700 pareil. N.E.D. (1904) also records forms Middle English parail, Middle English parayle, Middle English pareille. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pareil. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French parail, pareil (mid 12th cent. in Old French as parel ; also in Old French as paroil , and in Anglo-Norman as parel ; French pareil ) (adjective) equal, similar, (noun) person who is similar to another (mid 12th cent. in Old French), companion (second half of the 13th cent. or earlier) < post-classical Latin pariculus equal (6th cent.) < classical Latin pār equal (see par n.¹) + -i- -i- connective + -culus -cule suffix. Compare Occitan parelh (a1150 in Old Occitan; also as †pareil , †pareilh , †pareill ), Spanish parejo (1228–46), Italian parecchio (13th cent. in sense ‘equal, similar’; now usually in plural in sense ‘much, several, a lot of’), Catalan parell (13th cent.). Compare nonpareil adj., nonpareil n. Obsolete. A. adj. Equal. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [adjective] evenlyeOE evenOE egallc1374 equalc1400 pareilc1450 just1551 matchable1558 parile1606 equivalenta1626 c1450 (?c1425) E. Hull tr. Seven Psalms (1995) 40 ‘Þer ys noon’, he seythe, ‘pareyl to Cryste and noon grettyr þen Powle.’ 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. ccviij/2 Who is he that is founde paraylle or lyke to thys sacrefyse. 1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) v. ii. sig. hviii Vnto yow is none lyke ne pareylle in Crystendome. 1494 Loutfut MS f. 12^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) And gif ȝe will knaw quhat is losenge voide vydee it is pareil till ane macle. 1610 G. Fletcher Christs Victorie 23 Was neuer sight of pareil fame. B. n. 1. An equal, a match. Also: a mate, a fellow, a companion. Cf. nonpareil n. 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [noun] > equal, counterpart, or equivalent ylikeeOE likea1200 make?c1225 fellow?a1425 proportion?a1425 countervailc1430 matcha1450 meetc1450 pareil?c1450 resemblant1484 equivalent1502 countermatch1587 second1599 parallel1600 equipollent1611 balancea1616 tantamount1637 analogy1646 analogate1652 form-fellow1659 equivalency1698 par1711 homologizer1716 peel1722 analogon1797 quits1806 correlate1821 analogue1837 representant1847 homologue1848 countertype1855 homologon1871 correlative1875 vis-à-vis1900 counterpart1903 society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > [noun] yferec870 brothereOE ymonec950 headlingOE ferec975 fellowOE friendOE eveningOE evenlinglOE even-nexta1225 compeerc1275 monec1300 companiona1325 partnerc1330 peerc1330 neighbour?c1335 falec1380 matec1380 makec1385 companya1425 sociatec1430 marrow1440 partyc1443 customera1450 conferec1450 pareil?c1450 comparcionerc1475 resortc1475 socius1480 copartner?1504 billy?a1513 accomplice1550 panion1553 consorterc1556 compartner1564 co-mate1576 copemate1577 competitor1579 consociate1579 coach-companion1589 comrade1591 consort1592 callant1597 comrado1598 associate1601 coach-fellow1602 rival1604 social1604 concomitanta1639 concerner1639 consociator1646 compane1647 societary1652 bor1677 socius1678 interessora1687 companioness1691 rendezvouser1742 connection1780 frater1786 matey1794 pardner1795 left bower1829 running mate1867 stable companion1868 pard1872 buddy1895 maat1900 bro1922 stable-mate1941 bredda1969 Ndugu1973 ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 146 (MED) Now y shall..speke vnto you of a lady that hathe no paraile. a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 139 Kutt þe vpper crust, for youre souerayne..Suffere youre parelle to stond stille to þe botom, & so nyȝe y-spend owt. 1496 Epit. Iaspar Late Duke of Beddeforde (Pynson) sig. aiv^v Whos parayle alyue thou can not fynde. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 638 (MED) The damesell is full of grete bewte, that in foure remes sholde not be founden hir pareile. 1512 R. Copland tr. Knyght of Swanne xv. sig. D.iiii^v He ne knewe his pareyll in prudence of vnderstandynge. 1638 Bp. J. Taylor Serm. Gunpowder Treason 7 We shall quickly finde out more then a pareil for S. Iames and S. Iohn the Boanerges of my Text. 2. Equality. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [noun] comparison1340 evennessa1398 evenhead?a1400 equipollencec1430 pareil?c1450 equalityc1460 comparation1483 egalness1526 equalness1530 equivalency1535 eveningc1540 equivalencea1542 indifferency1569 owelty1579 coequality1583 mateship1593 equal1596 adequation1605 parity1609 parility1610 matchableness1611 equipollency1623 equiparance1624 egality1628 equipage1633 comparitya1635 omniparity1635 peership1641 exequation1656 equipoise1658 equipotency1658 countervalue1660 adequateness1664 commensurablenessa1676 peerage1681 égalité1794 peerdom1891 ?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 61 (MED) Eue..beleuid for to haue pareill to God [Fr. vouloit estre pareille a Dieu]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.c1450
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