paranymphn.

Brit.

/ˈparənɪmf/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrəˌnɪmf/

Forms: 1500s paranymphe, 1500s–1600s paranimph, 1500s– paranymph, 1600s paranimphe.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French paranymphe; Latin paranymphus, paranympha.

Etymology: < Middle French, French paranymphe (15th cent. in an isolated attestation as a feminine noun in sense 1, 1530 as a masculine noun in this sense, 1552 in sense ‘mediator’, 1580 in sense ‘university orator’) and its etymons post-classical Latin paranymphus male wedding attendant, best man (4th cent.) and paranympha bridesmaid (5th cent.) < ancient Greek παράνυμϕος (masculine noun) friend of the bridegroom, best man, in Byzantine Greek also (feminine noun) bridesmaid < παρα- para- prefix¹ + νύμϕη bride (see nympha n.).

Now rare.

1. At a wedding: a bridesmaid or best man. Also figurative.In quot. a1538, perhaps: a person who ‘gives away’ a bride.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > attendant

paranympha1538

waiter1830

a1538 A. Abell Roit or Quheill of Tyme f. 27^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) He institute that ane man mycht nocht haif ane wife lauchfullie bot gif sche wer..solempnitlie offerit be hir frendis & kepit be hir paranymph.

1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 204 Our blessed Ladies paranimphe Saint Gabriell.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1020 Thy Paranymph, worthless to thee compar'd.

1766 A. Nicol Poems Several Subj. 29 She needs no paranymphs to dress.

1771 E. Griffith Hist. Lady Barton II. 274 I hope she is by this time Lady Creswell, and that my sweet little Harriet had the pleasure and honour of being her paranymph.

1829 R. Southey All for Love iv. 42 The Bride and Bridegroom side by side, The Paranymphs in festal pride Arranged on either hand.

1863 Q. Rev. 114 530 The paranymphs of the bridal [of Mary Stuart] were to be the fiends of war.

1908 Daily Chron. 6 July 4/4 Joining hands with the officiating clergy and the paranymph, or best man, they parade round the table three times. The paranymph, a very important person in a Greek marriage, may be a woman.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 375 Juveniles amatory whom the odoriferous flambeaus of the paranymphs have escorted to the quadrupedal proscenium of connubial communion.

2. An advocate; a spokesperson or orator who speaks on behalf of someone else. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > one who speaks for or on behalf of another

whistlec1380

dictourc1440

orator1474

prolocutor?a1475

prelocutor1500

vauntparler1534

paranympha1538

mouth1563

speech1578

speaker1583

promotor1603

ambassador1611

suffragant1613

suffragator1618

mouthpiece1776

linguist1819

megaphone1909

porte-parole1911

spokesperson1972

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > intercession or influence on someone's behalf > [noun] > one who

forespeakerc1175

sequesterc1380

meanc1384

meanera1387

mediatorc1410

advocatec1450

intercessor1482

advowrer1508

attorney1537

paranympha1538

paraclete?1548

advocator1588

intercedera1656

intercedenta1661

supercargo1713

citizen advocate1958

a1538 W. Holme Fall & Euill Successe Rebellion (1572) sig. H.iiij They were paranymphes to Bygots insurrection.

1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation sig. ***2 I would..it had bene your fortune to haue encountred some other Paranymphes, then such, as you are now to discipline.

1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. xxiv. 35) 191 Ministers, Christs Paranymphs, must likewise wo for Christ.

1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. xli. 341 To supply the place of a Paranymph, Braul broker, Proxenete or Mediator.

1715 A. Pennecuik Curious Coll. Scotish Poems in Geogr., Hist. Descr. Tweeddale App. 60 Yet for all that Splendid show you be, But Paranymphs of Vice and Luxury.

1993 Stud. Eng. Lit. 1500–1900 33 61 The nobleman first uses his manservant ‘P.’ as a paranymph, and then eventually confronts Mercy in person.

Derivatives

† paranymphal adj. [compare post-classical Latin paranymphalis (13th cent. in a British source)] Obsolete (perhaps) nuptial.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [adjective] > attendant

paranymphal1639

1639 J. Ford Ladies Triall iii. sig. E4 Saying grace, As at Some paranymphall feast.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	paranymph
释义	paranymphn. Brit. /ˈparənɪmf/, U.S. /ˈpɛrəˌnɪmf/ Forms: 1500s paranymphe, 1500s–1600s paranimph, 1500s– paranymph, 1600s paranimphe. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French paranymphe; Latin paranymphus, paranympha. Etymology: < Middle French, French paranymphe (15th cent. in an isolated attestation as a feminine noun in sense 1, 1530 as a masculine noun in this sense, 1552 in sense ‘mediator’, 1580 in sense ‘university orator’) and its etymons post-classical Latin paranymphus male wedding attendant, best man (4th cent.) and paranympha bridesmaid (5th cent.) < ancient Greek παράνυμϕος (masculine noun) friend of the bridegroom, best man, in Byzantine Greek also (feminine noun) bridesmaid < παρα- para- prefix¹ + νύμϕη bride (see nympha n.). Now rare. 1. At a wedding: a bridesmaid or best man. Also figurative.In quot. a1538, perhaps: a person who ‘gives away’ a bride. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > attendant paranympha1538 waiter1830 a1538 A. Abell Roit or Quheill of Tyme f. 27^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) He institute that ane man mycht nocht haif ane wife lauchfullie bot gif sche wer..solempnitlie offerit be hir frendis & kepit be hir paranymph. 1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 204 Our blessed Ladies paranimphe Saint Gabriell. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 1020 Thy Paranymph, worthless to thee compar'd. View more context for this quotation 1766 A. Nicol Poems Several Subj. 29 She needs no paranymphs to dress. 1771 E. Griffith Hist. Lady Barton II. 274 I hope she is by this time Lady Creswell, and that my sweet little Harriet had the pleasure and honour of being her paranymph. 1829 R. Southey All for Love iv. 42 The Bride and Bridegroom side by side, The Paranymphs in festal pride Arranged on either hand. 1863 Q. Rev. 114 530 The paranymphs of the bridal [of Mary Stuart] were to be the fiends of war. 1908 Daily Chron. 6 July 4/4 Joining hands with the officiating clergy and the paranymph, or best man, they parade round the table three times. The paranymph, a very important person in a Greek marriage, may be a woman. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 375 Juveniles amatory whom the odoriferous flambeaus of the paranymphs have escorted to the quadrupedal proscenium of connubial communion. 2. An advocate; a spokesperson or orator who speaks on behalf of someone else. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > delegated authority > one having delegated or derived authority > [noun] > one who speaks for or on behalf of another whistlec1380 dictourc1440 orator1474 prolocutor?a1475 prelocutor1500 vauntparler1534 paranympha1538 mouth1563 speech1578 speaker1583 promotor1603 ambassador1611 suffragant1613 suffragator1618 mouthpiece1776 linguist1819 megaphone1909 porte-parole1911 spokesperson1972 the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > intercession or influence on someone's behalf > [noun] > one who forespeakerc1175 sequesterc1380 meanc1384 meanera1387 mediatorc1410 advocatec1450 intercessor1482 advowrer1508 attorney1537 paranympha1538 paraclete?1548 advocator1588 intercedera1656 intercedenta1661 supercargo1713 citizen advocate1958 a1538 W. Holme Fall & Euill Successe Rebellion (1572) sig. H.iiij They were paranymphes to Bygots insurrection. 1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation sig. **2 I would..it had bene your fortune to haue encountred some other Paranymphes, then such, as you are now to discipline. 1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible* (Gen. xxiv. 35) 191 Ministers, Christs Paranymphs, must likewise wo for Christ. 1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. xli. 341 To supply the place of a Paranymph, Braul broker, Proxenete or Mediator. 1715 A. Pennecuik Curious Coll. Scotish Poems in Geogr., Hist. Descr. Tweeddale App. 60 Yet for all that Splendid show you be, But Paranymphs of Vice and Luxury. 1993 Stud. Eng. Lit. 1500–1900 33 61 The nobleman first uses his manservant ‘P.’ as a paranymph, and then eventually confronts Mercy in person. Derivatives † paranymphal adj. [compare post-classical Latin paranymphalis (13th cent. in a British source)] Obsolete (perhaps) nuptial. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [adjective] > attendant paranymphal1639 1639 J. Ford Ladies Triall iii. sig. E4 Saying grace, As at Some paranymphall feast. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1538
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