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单词 passamaquoddy
释义

Passamaquoddyadj.n.

Brit. /ˌpasəməˈkwɒdi/, U.S. /ˌpæsəməˈkwɑdi/
Inflections: Plural unchanged, Passamaquoddies.
Forms: 1700s Papamaquody (transmission error), 1700s Pasamaquody, 1700s Passamaquadie, 1700s Passamaquoda, 1700s Passamaquody, 1700s Pesmaquady, 1800s– Passamaquoddy.
Origin: A borrowing from Maliseet-Passamaquoddy. Etymon: Maliseet-Passamaquoddy pestəmohkatíyək.
Etymology: < Maliseet-Passamaquoddy pestəmohkatíyək, plural of pestə́mohkat, literally ‘person from the place where pollack are plentiful’, with reference to the Passamaquoddy River and Bay between southern New Brunswick and eastern Maine. The first element matches Micmac pestəm pollack rather than Maliseet-Passamaquoddy peskətəm in the same sense, suggesting that the place name was originally Micmac. Compare French †Pesomcady (1692).The form Papamaquody in quot. 1776 at sense A. 1 is a misreading for Passamaquody, written with a long and short s.
A. adj.
1. Of, relating to, or designating a North American Indian people nearly identical in language and culture to the Maliseet and inhabiting parts of south-eastern Maine and (formerly) south-western New Brunswick. Cf. Maliseet adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of North-Eastern America > [adjective] > Algonquians of Eastern Seaboard
Massachusett1622
Pequot1634
Nipmuc1636
Mohican1637
Natick1677
Minisink1694
Algonquin1698
Passamaquoddy1726
Penobscot1727
Abenaki1746
Micmac1767
Maliseet1770
Munsee1779
Powhatan1785
Mashpee1809
Powhatanic1855
Virginia Algonquian1870
Wampanoag1948
Mashpee Wampanoag1977
1726 in Maine Hist. Soc. Coll. (1853) III. 357 Memorandom of ye No of Indians in each tribe from 16 years of age... Pesmaquady Indians 30.
1776 Jrnl. Hon. House of Representatives (Mass.) Nov. 276 It is of great Importance that the St. John's and Papamaquody Indians should be furnished by this Colony with..such articles as are necessary for them.
1842 Wasp (Nauvoo, Illinois) 3 Sept. 3/1 Our Passamaquoddy Indians are divided into two political parties, between which a good deal of acrimonious feeling exists.
1857 Porter's Spirit of Times 11 July 292/2 Much interest was felt in the birch canoe race, between some Indians of the Passamaquoddy, Penobscot and Micmac tribes.
1917 Internat. Jrnl. Amer. Linguistics 1 58/2 I intend to publish shortly a complete chrestomathy of Passamaquoddy tales.
2000 C. Thayer Certain Slant of Light iv. 31 Mitchell was Mi'kmaq, and Dora, Passamaquoddy, but neither wanted to live in the close confines of the reservation.
2. Of, relating to, or designating the Eastern Algonquian language of the Passamaquoddy Indians.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [adjective] > Algonquian languages
Shawnee1674
Cree1744
Potawatomi1789
Nipissing1793
Miami1804
Algic1827
Beothuk1842
Blackfoot1845
Yurok1851
Passamaquoddy1856
Plains Cree1860
Maliseet1863
Ojibwa1937
1856 E. Vetromile Indian Good Bk. 268 The Passamaquoddy tribe at present recite these prayers in Kannibas language, yet a great many of them say the same in pure Passamaquoddy language.
1890 Amer. Naturalist 24 496 These studies of the Passamaquoddy language were undertaken as a preliminary to a visit to the Zuni Indians.
1902 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 15 245 Killhog. This name..is probably a corruption of some Micmac or Passamaquoddy word.
1921 J. D. Prince (title) Passamaquoddy texts.
1972 Ethnohistory 19 114 With the Passamaquoddy text we come closest to the possibility of a sense of loss.
2003 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 15 Nov. a11 If I can teach a computer how to sound out a Passamaquoddy word..I certainly can teach native children.
B. n.
1. A Passamaquoddy Indian. Chiefly in unchanged plural. Cf. Maliseet n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of North-Eastern America > [noun] > Algonquians of Eastern Seaboard
Powhatan1608
Mohicanc1614
Massachusett1616
Penobscot1624
Pequot1631
Narragansett1637
Nipmuc1637
Algonquin1667
Wampanoag1676
Minisink1694
Abenaki1698
Lenape1728
Maliseet1749
Munsee1756
Passamaquoddy1759
Micmac1760
Podunk1797
Algic1839
Virginia Algonquian1903
1759 in Maine Hist. Soc. Coll. (1857) V. 371 Zacharie was asked what Tribe he was of, ansd Passamaquoda.
1910 F. W. Hodge Handbk. Amer. Indians II. 207/2 Passamaquoddy... A small tribe belonging to the Abnaki confederacy.
1917 Internat. Jrnl. Amer. Linguistics 1 58/1 The Passamaquoddies live about four hundred strong at Pleasant Point.
1935 Explor. & Field Work Smithsonian Inst. 1934 88 (caption) Alexander Spain, a Passamaquoddy.
1992 A. Fleras & J. L. Elliot Nations Within ii. x. 157 In Maine, for example, the Passamaquoddy..had been thought to have assimilated totally into the larger American society.
2. The Eastern Algonquian language of the Passamaquoddy. Cf. Maliseet n. 2.Also known as Passamaquoddy–Maliseet or Maliseet–Passamaquoddy.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Algonquian > Algonquian languages
Illinois1703
Ojibwa1743
Chippewa1791
Shawnee1792
Miami-Illinois1804
Natick1822
Delaware1826
Munsee1828
Nanticoke1845
Blackfoot1846
Pequot1848
Potawatomi1848
Wiyot1851
Montagnais1852
Passamaquoddy1856
Abenaki1858
Narragansett1866
Lenape1888
Penobscot1891
Powhatan1895
Menominee1896
Micmac1902
Meskwaki1907
Maliseet1912
Cheyenne1933
Kickapoo1933
Massachusett1933
Mohican1933
Sauk1933
Virginia Algonquian1971
Ottawa1982
1856 E. Vetromile Indian Good Bk. 270 The first of the following Catechisms is in Penobscot language; the second is in Passamaquoddy; the third in Micmac, and the fourth in Montagnais.
1873 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1872 119 (table) Abnaki, Passamaquoddy.
1912 28th Ann. Rep. Bureau Amer. Ethnol. 1906–7 259 The consonantic clusters of Passamaquoddy.
1917 Internat. Jrnl. Amer. Linguistics 1 58/1 It is safe to estimate that about a thousand persons still speak Passamaquoddy.
1935 Explor. & Field Work Smithsonian Inst. 1934 88 Passamaquoddy (as is the case with other Eastern Algonquian languages) has deviated from the normal type.
1998 A. Dalby Dict. Langs. 17/2 Further Algonquian languages, still spoken but by very small numbers, are Abenaki, Algonquian, Arapaho..Kickapoo, Maliseet and Passamaquoddy.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1726
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