paralysisn.

Brit.

/pəˈralᵻsɪs/, U.S.

/pəˈræləsəs/

Inflections: Plural paralyses.

Forms: Old English paralisin, Old English paralisyn, Old English 1500s paralisis, Old English 1600s– paralysis, early Middle English paralisim, 1500s paralices.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin paralysis.

Etymology: < classical Latin paralysis loss of the ability to move a part of the body, as a result of disease of, or injury to, a part of the nervous system < Hellenistic Greek παράλυσις < ancient Greek παραλύειν to loose, detach, disable, enfeeble, frequently in passive, to be paralysed ( < παρα- para- prefix¹ + λύειν to loose: see lysis n.) + -σις -sis suffix. With sense 1b, compare French paralysie générale des aliénés ( Encyclop. Méthod. Méd. 11 (1824)). Compare later palsy n.¹ and paralysie n.In forms paralisin, paralisyn, paralisim in Old English and early Middle English after the Latin accusative singular paralisim, paralisin (Hellenistic Greek παράλυσιν); compare Old French paralisin (c1190). The word apparently became obsolete in early Middle English and was reborrowed in the 16th cent.

1. Medicine.

a. Loss of the use of one or more muscles, or a part or parts of the body, esp. as a result of neurological injury or disease; an instance of this. Also: loss of any of various other types of physiological function, esp. that of a nerve (now rare). Cf. palsy n.¹ 1.creeping, infantile, spastic paralysis: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > palsy or paralysis

palsyc1250

palsy pinec1390

paralysiea1425

paralysis1525

palsy-evil1532

pairls1621

numb palsy1642

numbed palsy1655

shrew-running1704

paralysation1846

palsification1866

shrew-stroke1872

eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. 12 (table of contents) Læcedomas wið paralisin þæt is on englisc lyft adl & wiþ neurisne.

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxxvii. 316 Hire becom æt nextan seo coðu þe læcas hatað paralisin.

OE Ælfric Old Test. Summary: Maccabees (Julius) in W. W. Skeat Ælfric's Lives of Saints (1900) II. 114 Ac hine sloh god sona mid swyðlicum paralisyn, swa þæt he dumb wæs, and to deaðe gebroht.

OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) xxx. 76 Wið sidan sare þæt Grecas paralisis [?a1200 Harl. 6258B paralisim] nemnað.

c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 22 Min cnapæ lið æt ham al on paralisim, and he yfele þrowæð.

1525 tr. H. von Brunschwig Noble Experyence Vertuous Handy Warke Surg. lxii. sig. Oj^v/1 Paralisis of the handes.

1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. iv. ii. f. 76 Thys Oyle is moste precious in paralices.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Paralysis,..the Palsie.

1797 M. Baillie Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) xxiv. 456 A paralysis of a part of the body.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 129 When the impotency results from a paresis or paralysis of the local nerves..the case is nearly hopeless.

1870 Nature 9 Jan. 116/1 Robin presented a note..on the state of muscular contractility..in a certain number of paralyses.

1902 B. T. Washington Up from Slavery xvii. 293 Nearly a year after he had been stricken with paralysis, General Armstrong expressed a wish to visit Tuskegee again.

1951 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 11 Aug. 1401 (title) Periodic paralysis; a report of three cases.

1963 H. Burn Drugs, Med. & Man (ed. 2) ix. 99 As the poison is absorbed, the deer then suffers from a rapidly increasing paralysis.

1986 R. Coleman Wide Awake at 3:00 A.M. (1992) 125 Repeated attacks of sleep paralysis are very rare except in patients with narcolepsy.

1991 Lancet 5 Jan. 28/1 Clinical myotonia is a well-recognised feature of several diseases such as myotonia congenita..and sometimes the periodic paralyses.

2003 Immunol. Rev. 192 21 CD28 was thought to represent a prototypic membrane receptor responsible for delivering the classically defined ‘second signal’ needed to avoid T cell paralysis when recognizing antigen presented by appropriate antigen presenting cells.

b. general paralysis n. (in early use) paralysis involving the whole body; (later) spec. (more fully general paralysis of the insane) a late manifestation of syphilis in which there is inflammation and atrophy of brain tissue, esp. of the frontal and temporal lobes, resulting in a variety of psychiatric and neurological symptoms such as dementia, psychosis, seizures, and generalized muscle weakness; = paresis n. 1b. Abbreviated GPI.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > palsy or paralysis > types of

mollification?a1425

hemiplexy1576

paraplegia1583

dead palsy?1594

hemiplegia1600

sideration1612

astrobolism1651

paresis1668

hemiplegy1755

general paralysis1820

refixation1825

Pott's disease1827

pamplegia1842

pamplegy1857

crossed palsy1858

transverse palsy1858

neuroparalysis1859

general paresis1862

athetosis1871

monoplegia1876

spastic paralysis1877

Landry's paralysis1882

Little's disease1884

cerebral palsy1889

paraparesis1890

hemiparesis1893

Pott's paraplegia1895

sleep-palsy1896

quadriplegia1897

pressure paralysis1899

Bell's palsy1904

taboparesis1910

tetraplegia1911

tick paralysis1914

quadriparesis1948

Landry–Guillain–Barré syndrome1957

1820 Edinb. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 16 373 Dissection of a case of general paralysis... The disease of the brain seemed to have originated in indolence and chagrin from the sudden loss of fortune.

1834 J. Forbes et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. III. 245/2 When both sides of the body are paralysed, and when, in fact, the whole muscular system is deprived of the power of motion,..the condition is that of general paralysis.

1847 Haydock Lodge Lunatic Asylum: Copy Further Rep. 46 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 147) XLIX. 291 Forms of insanity,..occasioned by extreme indigence and privation,..and..many of them have invariably a fatal termination. [Note] This is particularly observable in..the general paralysis of the insane.

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 857 There are cases of general paralysis in which the bodily symptoms are present without any mental alteration.

1930 Daily Express 8 Sept. 1/1 Formerly every person developing general paralysis of the insane died after a period of distressing symptoms and agony.

1964 A. King & C. Nicol Venereal Dis. v. 62 In all cases of general paralysis, tests of the mental status should be carried out.

1982 R. Littlewood & M. Lipsedge Aliens & Alienists ii. 59 In the last century general paralysis of the insane (a late sequel to syphilis) was attributed to social stress.

2004 Times 28 July 5/4 If untreated it [sc. syphilis] passes through three stages, ending in GPI—general paralysis of the insane.

2. figurative and in figurative contexts. The state of being powerless; a condition of helplessness or inactivity; inability to act or function properly; an instance of this.In quot. 1809: †a thing that causes paralysis or helplessness (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > inability > [noun] > utter inability or powerlessness

unmightinessOE

non-powera1387

unpowerc1400

impotencea1420

palsya1450

impossibilityc1450

impotencyc1460

impuissance1483

impotentness1530

powerlessness1650

enervity1656

paralysis1809

nervelessness1857

1809 C. Dibdin Lion & Water-wagtail i. 4 Gold to the mind's a paralysis, That comfort from the mind dismisses.

1813 J. Randolph 30 Aug. in Life J. Quincy The whole country..is in a state of paralysis.

1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. ii. 4/2 Let him strive to keep a free, open sense; cleared from the mists of Prejudice, above all from the paralysis of Cant.

1882 Times 13 June 11 The deeds..by which the paralysis of law is accomplished.

1905 C. S. Terry Pentland Rising 84 The..controversies which cleft the Whigs in 1679, to the paralysis of serious military achievement, were absent in 1666.

1945 Downside Rev. 63 201 He exemplifies that paralysis from which post-Christian philosophy is suffering.

1993 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 17 June a 15/1 Facing accusations of political paralysis in dealing with the racist violence sweeping Germany, Chancellor Helmut Kohl delivered a keynote address on xenophobia.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	paralysis
释义	paralysisn. Brit. /pəˈralᵻsɪs/, U.S. /pəˈræləsəs/ Inflections: Plural paralyses. Forms: Old English paralisin, Old English paralisyn, Old English 1500s paralisis, Old English 1600s– paralysis, early Middle English paralisim, 1500s paralices. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin paralysis. Etymology: < classical Latin paralysis loss of the ability to move a part of the body, as a result of disease of, or injury to, a part of the nervous system < Hellenistic Greek παράλυσις < ancient Greek παραλύειν to loose, detach, disable, enfeeble, frequently in passive, to be paralysed ( < παρα- para- prefix¹ + λύειν to loose: see lysis n.) + -σις -sis suffix. With sense 1b, compare French paralysie générale des aliénés ( Encyclop. Méthod. Méd. 11 (1824)). Compare later palsy n.¹ and paralysie n.In forms paralisin, paralisyn, paralisim in Old English and early Middle English after the Latin accusative singular paralisim, paralisin (Hellenistic Greek παράλυσιν); compare Old French paralisin (c1190). The word apparently became obsolete in early Middle English and was reborrowed in the 16th cent. 1. Medicine. a. Loss of the use of one or more muscles, or a part or parts of the body, esp. as a result of neurological injury or disease; an instance of this. Also: loss of any of various other types of physiological function, esp. that of a nerve (now rare). Cf. palsy n.¹ 1.creeping, infantile, spastic paralysis: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > palsy or paralysis palsyc1250 palsy pinec1390 paralysiea1425 paralysis1525 palsy-evil1532 pairls1621 numb palsy1642 numbed palsy1655 shrew-running1704 paralysation1846 palsification1866 shrew-stroke1872 eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. 12 (table of contents) Læcedomas wið paralisin þæt is on englisc lyft adl & wiþ neurisne. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxxvii. 316 Hire becom æt nextan seo coðu þe læcas hatað paralisin. OE Ælfric Old Test. Summary: Maccabees (Julius) in W. W. Skeat Ælfric's Lives of Saints (1900) II. 114 Ac hine sloh god sona mid swyðlicum paralisyn, swa þæt he dumb wæs, and to deaðe gebroht. OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) xxx. 76 Wið sidan sare þæt Grecas paralisis [?a1200 Harl. 6258B paralisim] nemnað. c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 22 Min cnapæ lið æt ham al on paralisim, and he yfele þrowæð. 1525 tr. H. von Brunschwig Noble Experyence Vertuous Handy Warke Surg. lxii. sig. Oj^v/1 Paralisis of the handes. 1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. iv. ii. f. 76 Thys Oyle is moste precious in paralices. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Paralysis,..the Palsie. 1797 M. Baillie Morbid Anat. (ed. 2) xxiv. 456 A paralysis of a part of the body. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 129 When the impotency results from a paresis or paralysis of the local nerves..the case is nearly hopeless. 1870 Nature 9 Jan. 116/1 Robin presented a note..on the state of muscular contractility..in a certain number of paralyses. 1902 B. T. Washington Up from Slavery xvii. 293 Nearly a year after he had been stricken with paralysis, General Armstrong expressed a wish to visit Tuskegee again. 1951 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 11 Aug. 1401 (title) Periodic paralysis; a report of three cases. 1963 H. Burn Drugs, Med. & Man (ed. 2) ix. 99 As the poison is absorbed, the deer then suffers from a rapidly increasing paralysis. 1986 R. Coleman Wide Awake at 3:00 A.M. (1992) 125 Repeated attacks of sleep paralysis are very rare except in patients with narcolepsy. 1991 Lancet 5 Jan. 28/1 Clinical myotonia is a well-recognised feature of several diseases such as myotonia congenita..and sometimes the periodic paralyses. 2003 Immunol. Rev. 192 21 CD28 was thought to represent a prototypic membrane receptor responsible for delivering the classically defined ‘second signal’ needed to avoid T cell paralysis when recognizing antigen presented by appropriate antigen presenting cells. b. general paralysis n. (in early use) paralysis involving the whole body; (later) spec. (more fully general paralysis of the insane) a late manifestation of syphilis in which there is inflammation and atrophy of brain tissue, esp. of the frontal and temporal lobes, resulting in a variety of psychiatric and neurological symptoms such as dementia, psychosis, seizures, and generalized muscle weakness; = paresis n. 1b. Abbreviated GPI. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > palsy or paralysis > types of mollification?a1425 hemiplexy1576 paraplegia1583 dead palsy?1594 hemiplegia1600 sideration1612 astrobolism1651 paresis1668 hemiplegy1755 general paralysis1820 refixation1825 Pott's disease1827 pamplegia1842 pamplegy1857 crossed palsy1858 transverse palsy1858 neuroparalysis1859 general paresis1862 athetosis1871 monoplegia1876 spastic paralysis1877 Landry's paralysis1882 Little's disease1884 cerebral palsy1889 paraparesis1890 hemiparesis1893 Pott's paraplegia1895 sleep-palsy1896 quadriplegia1897 pressure paralysis1899 Bell's palsy1904 taboparesis1910 tetraplegia1911 tick paralysis1914 quadriparesis1948 Landry–Guillain–Barré syndrome1957 1820 Edinb. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 16 373 Dissection of a case of general paralysis... The disease of the brain seemed to have originated in indolence and chagrin from the sudden loss of fortune. 1834 J. Forbes et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. III. 245/2 When both sides of the body are paralysed, and when, in fact, the whole muscular system is deprived of the power of motion,..the condition is that of general paralysis. 1847 Haydock Lodge Lunatic Asylum: Copy Further Rep. 46 in Parl. Papers (H.C. 147) XLIX. 291 Forms of insanity,..occasioned by extreme indigence and privation,..and..many of them have invariably a fatal termination. [Note] This is particularly observable in..the general paralysis of the insane. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 857 There are cases of general paralysis in which the bodily symptoms are present without any mental alteration. 1930 Daily Express 8 Sept. 1/1 Formerly every person developing general paralysis of the insane died after a period of distressing symptoms and agony. 1964 A. King & C. Nicol Venereal Dis. v. 62 In all cases of general paralysis, tests of the mental status should be carried out. 1982 R. Littlewood & M. Lipsedge Aliens & Alienists ii. 59 In the last century general paralysis of the insane (a late sequel to syphilis) was attributed to social stress. 2004 Times 28 July 5/4 If untreated it [sc. syphilis] passes through three stages, ending in GPI—general paralysis of the insane. 2. figurative and in figurative contexts. The state of being powerless; a condition of helplessness or inactivity; inability to act or function properly; an instance of this.In quot. 1809: †a thing that causes paralysis or helplessness (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > inability > [noun] > utter inability or powerlessness unmightinessOE non-powera1387 unpowerc1400 impotencea1420 palsya1450 impossibilityc1450 impotencyc1460 impuissance1483 impotentness1530 powerlessness1650 enervity1656 paralysis1809 nervelessness1857 1809 C. Dibdin Lion & Water-wagtail i. 4 Gold to the mind's a paralysis, That comfort from the mind dismisses. 1813 J. Randolph 30 Aug. in Life J. Quincy The whole country..is in a state of paralysis. 1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. ii. 4/2 Let him strive to keep a free, open sense; cleared from the mists of Prejudice, above all from the paralysis of Cant. 1882 Times 13 June 11 The deeds..by which the paralysis of law is accomplished. 1905 C. S. Terry Pentland Rising 84 The..controversies which cleft the Whigs in 1679, to the paralysis of serious military achievement, were absent in 1666. 1945 Downside Rev. 63 201 He exemplifies that paralysis from which post-Christian philosophy is suffering. 1993 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 17 June a 15/1 Facing accusations of political paralysis in dealing with the racist violence sweeping Germany, Chancellor Helmut Kohl delivered a keynote address on xenophobia. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.eOE
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