paralogousadj.

Brit.

/pəˈraləɡəs/, U.S.

/pəˈræləɡəs/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: para- prefix¹, homologous adj.

Etymology: < para- prefix¹ + -logous (in homologous adj.).

1. Biology. That exhibits paralogy (paralogy n. 2); uncertain with respect to homology and homoplasy. rare.

ΚΠ

1966 W. G. Inglis in Systematic Zool. 15 224 (diagram) Paralogous (indefinite)... Agnostic opinion, validity of category uncertain, i.e., may be homologous or homoplasious.

2. Molecular Biology. Designating genes or nucleotide sequences within a single genome that arose from a single ancestral sequence by duplication and subsequently evolved independently; of, relating to, or encoded by such genes or nucleotide sequences. Cf. orthologous adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [adjective] > gene > types of gene

monofactorial1920

monogenic1921

polygenic1928

multigenic1933

additive1936

oligogenic1943

X-linked1949

Y-linked1949

multigene1954

structural gene1959

orthologous1970

paralogous1970

1970 W. M. Fitch in Systematic Zool. 19 113 Therefore, there should be two subclasses of homology. Where the homology is the result of gene duplication so that both copies have descended side by side during the history of an organism, (for example, alpha and beta hemoglobin) the genes should be called paralogous (para = in parallel).

1977 Nature 28 Apr. 804/1 He states that ‘the tRNAs are mostly paralogous’, which was news to me, because there are many examples of homologous tRNAs for the same amino acid occurring in related species of organisms.

1985 Chem. & Physics of Lipids 38 137 The results indicate that liver and intestinal FABP [= fatty acid binding proteins] are paralogous homologues.

1998 New Scientist 5 Dec. 90 (advt.) Chromosome evolution: study of paralogous regions in the human genome.

2002 S. J. Gould Struct. Evolutionary Theory x. 1102 Vertebrate Hox genes have undergone fourfold replication and exist as four paralogous sequences on four different chromosomes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	paralogous
释义	paralogousadj. Brit. /pəˈraləɡəs/, U.S. /pəˈræləɡəs/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: para- prefix¹, homologous adj. Etymology: < para- prefix¹ + -logous (in homologous adj.). 1. Biology. That exhibits paralogy (paralogy n. 2); uncertain with respect to homology and homoplasy. rare. ΚΠ 1966 W. G. Inglis in Systematic Zool. 15 224 (diagram) Paralogous (indefinite)... Agnostic opinion, validity of category uncertain, i.e., may be homologous or homoplasious. 2. Molecular Biology. Designating genes or nucleotide sequences within a single genome that arose from a single ancestral sequence by duplication and subsequently evolved independently; of, relating to, or encoded by such genes or nucleotide sequences. Cf. orthologous adj. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [adjective] > gene > types of gene monofactorial1920 monogenic1921 polygenic1928 multigenic1933 additive1936 oligogenic1943 X-linked1949 Y-linked1949 multigene1954 structural gene1959 orthologous1970 paralogous1970 1970 W. M. Fitch in Systematic Zool. 19 113 Therefore, there should be two subclasses of homology. Where the homology is the result of gene duplication so that both copies have descended side by side during the history of an organism, (for example, alpha and beta hemoglobin) the genes should be called paralogous (para = in parallel). 1977 Nature 28 Apr. 804/1 He states that ‘the tRNAs are mostly paralogous’, which was news to me, because there are many examples of homologous tRNAs for the same amino acid occurring in related species of organisms. 1985 Chem. & Physics of Lipids 38 137 The results indicate that liver and intestinal FABP [= fatty acid binding proteins] are paralogous homologues. 1998 New Scientist 5 Dec. 90 (advt.) Chromosome evolution: study of paralogous regions in the human genome. 2002 S. J. Gould Struct. Evolutionary Theory x. 1102 Vertebrate Hox genes have undergone fourfold replication and exist as four paralogous sequences on four different chromosomes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1966
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