单词 | passionate |
释义 | passionateadj.n. A. adj. 1. Esp. of a person: susceptible to or readily swayed by passions or emotions; easily moved to strong feeling; of changeable mood, volatile. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > [adjective] > subject to passion or strong emotion passionate?a1425 passionablec1475 vehementa1492 affectionate1534 red-hot1593 salamandry1610 hot-bloodeda1616 salamandrous1711 warm-blooded1831 passionful1842 brimstony1885 ?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 85 (MED) Oþire þere weren whiche folowiden Cristis teching, passionat creatures as ȝe be, resonable and deedly, wiþ striif of þe flesch aȝeins þe spirit..and ful manye seyntis whiche weren trauelid wiþ dyuerse passyouns. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xii. 22 To make him [sc. God] ambitious of honour,..angrie, vindicatiue,..indigent of mans worships: finally so passionate as in effect he shold be altogether Anthropopathis. a1625 J. Fletcher Wit without Money (1639) ii. sig. D2 Thou art passionate, hast thou beene brought up with girles. a1639 T. Dekker et al. Witch of Edmonton (1658) ii. ii. 23 You..have the power To make me passionate as an April-day: now smile, then weep; now pale, then crimson red. 1692 R. South 12 Serm. I. 525 God will not..admit of the Passionate man's Apology, That he has so long given his Unruly Passions their Head, that he cannot now Govern or Controul them. 1733 A. Pope Ess. on Man in Wks. (1736) II. 41 Gods partial, changeful, passionate, unjust. 1853 C. Kingsley Hypatia I. Pref. p. xviii The passionate Eastern character, like all weak ones, found total abstinence easier than temperance. 1877 M. Oliphant Makers of Florence (ed. 2) iii. 78 Those hot and sudden friendships which men of passionate temper rush into. 1932 ‘B. Ross’ Trag. of X iii. x. 307 This man, choleric, strong-willed, of passionate temperament, his life probably a succession of juggernaut impulses. 1991 K. Jones Learning not to be First i. 5 Christina was the more fractious of the two, passionate and given to terrible tantrums. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > [adjective] irrec825 gramec893 wemodc897 wrothc950 bolghenc1000 gramelyc1000 hotOE on fireOE brathc1175 moodyc1175 to-bollenc1175 wrethfulc1175 wraw?c1225 agrameda1300 wrathfula1300 agremedc1300 hastivec1300 irousa1340 wretheda1340 aniredc1350 felonc1374 angryc1380 upreareda1382 jealous1382 crousea1400 grieveda1400 irefula1400 mada1400 teena1400 wraweda1400 wretthy14.. angryc1405 errevousa1420 wrothy1422 angereda1425 passionatec1425 fumous1430 tangylc1440 heavy1452 fire angry1490 wrothsomea1529 angerful?1533 wrothful?1534 wrath1535 provoked1538 warm1547 vibrant1575 chauffe1582 fuming1582 enfeloned1596 incensed1597 choleric1598 inflameda1600 raiseda1600 exasperate1601 angried1609 exasperated1611 dispassionate1635 bristlinga1639 peltish1648 sultry1671 on (also upon) the high ropes (also rope)1672 nangry1681 ugly1687 sorea1694 glimflashy1699 enraged1732 spunky1809 cholerous1822 kwaai1827 wrathy1828 angersome1834 outraged1836 irate1838 vex1843 raring1845 waxy1853 stiff1856 scotty1867 bristly1872 hot under the collar1879 black angry1894 spitfire1894 passionful1901 ignorant1913 hairy1914 snaky1919 steamed1923 uptight1934 broigus1937 lemony1941 ripped1941 pissed1943 crooked1945 teed off1955 ticked off1959 ripe1966 torqued1967 bummed1970 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 1654 (MED) Wood & wroþe was he..And inwardly of rancour passionat. 1568 (a1500) Colkelbie Sow iii. 84 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1930) IV. 306 Susan angrit heirat as oft woman is Quhile passionat that all consaitis kennis Tuk in disdane this gift. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie ii. iii. 249 Also, not to be passionate for small detriments or offences, nor to be a reuenger of them but in cases of great iniurie. 1629 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Eight Bks. Peloponnesian Warre i. 42 Men..are more passionate for injustice, then for violence. 1744 S. Fielding Adventures David Simple I. i. ii. 16 Daniel knew, that although his Brother was far from being passionate for Trifles, yet that his whole Frame would be so shaken by any ill Usage from him, he would not be able to command himself. c1817 J. Hogg Tales & Sketches I. 278 He was violently passionate when he conceived himself wronged. b. Esp. of a person: easily moved to, or prone to, anger; hot-tempered, irascible. Now archaic and rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > [adjective] > irascible (of person) hotOE wooda1250 hastivec1300 irous1303 hastya1350 angrya1387 melancholiousa1393 quicka1400 irefulc1400 melancholyc1450 turnec1480 iracundiousa1492 passionatea1500 fumish1523 irascible1530 wrothful1535 fierya1540 warm1547 choleric1556 hot at hand1558 waspish1566 incensive1570 bilious1571 splenative1593 hot-livered1599 short1599 spitfire1600 warm-tempered1605 temperless1614 sulphurous1616 angryable1662 huffy1680 hastish1749 peppery1778 quick-tempered1792 inflammable1800 hair-triggered1806 gingery1807 spunky1809 iracund1821 irascid1823 wrathy1828 frenzy1859 gunpowdery1868 gunpowderous1870 tempersome1875 exacerbescent1889 tempery1905 lightningy1906 temperish1925 short-fused1979 a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 43 A passionat [L. passionatus] man turniþ good into euel. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 320/1 Passyonate, inclyned sone to be in a passyon. 1613 G. Chapman Reuenge Bussy D'Ambois iii. sig. F2v Homer made Achilles passionate, Wrathfull, reuengefull, and insatiate In his affections. 1640 R. Brathwait Ar't Asleepe Husband? 111 Like a City without a Wall..: so is a Family, when guided by a passionate violent man. 1710 M. Chudleigh Ess. Several Subj. 116 Titles and Places of Trust..will not justify their being Proud, Imperious, Passionate, Cruel and Revengeful. 1781 W. Cowper Friendship 64 A temper passionate and fierce May suddenly your joys disperse At one immense explosion. 1841 T. B. Macaulay Leigh Hunt in Ess. (1887) 614 Though passionate and often wrong~headed, he [sc. Collier] was a singularly fair controversialist. 1989 Times Lit. Suppl. 19 May 538/2 He was passionate in the obsolete sense of the word, given to violent and apparently ungovernable fits of rage. c. Of an action, speech, etc.: marked by anger. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > manifestation of anger > [adjective] > of speech: angry choleric1567 passionatea1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream (1623) iii. ii. 221 I am amazed at your passionate words. 1693 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. I. vii. 240 This Passionate Expletive. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 107. ⁋1 To vent peevish Expressions, or give passionate or inconsistent Orders. 1754 Earl of Chatham Lett. to Nephew (1804) v. 39 Towards servants, never accustom yourself to rough and passionate language. 1863 F. Kemble tr. F. Schiller Mary Stuart v. i. 409 Tell her I do forgive her heartily, And for my passionate words of yesterday Heartily beg her pardon. 1879 J. McCarthy Hist. our Own Times II. xx. 93 The debates were long, fierce, and often passionate. 1990 Times (Nexis) 13 Oct. (Features section) Going into storms of passionate abuse whenever students said they liked anything. 2000 Africa News (Nexis) 18 Dec. (News section) Passionate quarrels suddenly start erupting..over seemingly insignificant issues. 3. a. Of a person: affected with passion or strong feeling; dominated by intense emotion; ardently enthusiastic. Also: zealously devoted, attached, or loyal. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > [adjective] > affected with passion or strong emotion passioned1525 passionatea1530 appassionatea1586 appassionateda1586 impassionate1590 impassionated1596 impassioned1605 stunned1870 the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > vehement or passionate desire > [adjective] > vehemently or passionately desirous wildc725 ardentc1374 fierce1377 flagrant?1521 zealous1526 passionatea1530 heady1543 concupiscentious1555 passionative1593 luxurious1614 mada1627 concupitive1651 sultry1671 hot-tempered1673 ardurousa1770 wild1811 nympholeptic1818 concupiscenta1834 a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. li To renne hedlynge without feare vpon all ieopardyes, as communly passionate persones doth. 1650 Bp. J. Taylor Rule of Holy Living (1727) ii. §2 65 That by enkindling thy desire to heavenly banquets, thou may'st be indifferent and less passionate for the earthly. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxiv. 127 Cicero, (a passionate defender of Liberty). 1671 tr. R. Fréjus Relation Voy. Mauritania 15 I am..Your Majesties most Humble, most Obedient, and Passionate Servant. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 21. ¶3 Lawyers..that are more or less passionate according as they are paid for it. 1789 W. Belsham Ess. II. xl. 519 Passionate dogmatists, the avowed enemies of discussion. 1805 R. Southey Madoc i. x. 100 He..swept, with passionate hand, the ringing harp. 1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany III. 573 Her husband's house and garden were daily thronged with her passionate admirers. 1879 J. A. Froude Cæsar xiv. 215 The army was now passionate for an engagement. 1902 A. Symons Poems I. 144 O white soul of youth, So passionate of truth, So amorous of duty. 1958 K. Amis I like it Here iv. 44 His wife..was frequently described as passionate without it being revealed what she was passionate about or at. 1988 Bella 4 Apr. 6/5 Since her daughter's abduction, Suzy's mother Diana has become a passionate campaigner for the safety of women at work. 2001 Observer 18 Mar. (Britain Uncovered Suppl.) 39/1 The children are..fiercely passionate about Islam. b. Of an emotion: vehement, heartfelt. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > [adjective] fieryc1325 sorec1449 vehementa1492 fired1561 passionate1567 vivid1853 1567 T. Drant in tr. Horace Arte of Poetrie To Rdr. sig. *vj The one thicke powdered wyth manly passionat pangs, the other watered wyth wominishe teares. 1589 R. Greene Menaphon To Ladie Hales sig. *2 By such passionate sorowes. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xvii. 245 So vnremoued stood these steeds; their heads to earth let fall, And warme teares gushing from their eyes, with passionate desire, Of their kind manager. 1649 Bp. J. Taylor Great Exemplar iii. §15. 160 Crucifixion was an excellent pain, sharp and passionate. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 243 They bear a passionate affection to their Princes. 1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 182 The Man fell into..Transports of a passionate Joy. 1814 M. Edgeworth Patronage I. vi. 206 His declaration of passionate attachment to Caroline. 1818 R. Southey Ode Death Queen Charlotte iii With a passionate sorrow we bewail'd Youth on the untimely bier. 1881 W. Robertson in Sunday Mag. Apr. 245 The passionate absorbedness with which again and again intellect has plumbed its way forward in search for God. 1930 D. L. Sayers Strong Poison ii. 34 Especially where the parties are husband and wife..there are likely to be passionate feelings which may tend to crimes of violence. 1960 J. F. Lehmann I am my Brother ii. vii. 108 The glimpses of passionate devotion to his art that came through his letters. 2000 J. Caughie Television Drama iii. 84 A passionate desire to cultivate and preserve the ‘life-enhancing’ in culture. c. Of action, speech, etc.: imbued with passion; marked or characterized by strong emotion; expressive of intense feeling. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > [adjective] > characterized by passion passionalc1443 passionatea1586 pathetical1596 compassionful1604 pathetic1648 fevered1744 inflammatory1874 full-hearted1876 Latin1914 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Apol. Poetrie (1595) sig. B3 Their passionate describing of passions. 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iv. 199 To these he made a passionate speech, to exhort them to unite. 1664 J. Playford Brief Introd. Skill Musick (ed. 4) i. 39 In some kind of Musicke less Passionate or Affectuous..Points of Division may be used. 1701 J. Swift Disc. Contests Nobles & Commons v. 53 I have been often amazed at the rude, passionate and mistaken Results, which have at certain Times fallen from great Assemblies. 1726 Duke of Wharton in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. IV. 339 Every virulent vote, every passionate reproach..are so many real commendations of my conduct. 1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. lviii. 261 Forgive this passionate language. 1845 J. Stoddart Gram. in Encycl. Metrop. (1847) I. 174/1 The interjection rises from a scarcely articulate sound to a passionate, and almost to an enunciative sentence. 1880 G. Grove Dict. Music I. 192 The beautiful and passionate Sonata in A which was inspired by and dedicated to his [sc. Beethoven's] friend Madame Ertmann. 1919 G. B. Shaw Heartbreak House Pref. in Heartbreak House, Great Catherine, & Playlets of War p. xvii The passionate penny-collecting of the Flag Days was brought under some sort of regulation. 1995 Time 27 Nov. 104/2 The passionate heart of the book remains the early Brooklyn years. 2002 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 17 Jan. a28/3 We have engaged in passionate discussions about how best to accomplish the goals. 4. Expressive of or characterized by intense love; dominated or moved by deep sexual love or desire; †affected with love, infatuated (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > amorous love > [adjective] amorousc1330 in love (with)a1398 in amours1523 passionate1534 browden1597 inamorate1606 enamoureda1631 épris1793 that way1865 kissy1873 pash1920 potty1923 keen1936 the mind > emotion > love > amorous love > [adjective] > (of love) ardent or passionate ardentc1374 rapta1500 passionate1534 feverous1576 on flame1656 ardurousa1770 1534 J. Heywood Play of Loue sig. Biv And so must I shewe for louers be in rate Somtymes mery but most tymes passyonate. 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 12 Such fyne dames as..make suche course accompt of theyr passionate louers. 1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. C3 Seeing by the shepheards passionate lookes, that the swaine was halfe in loue. 1632 J. Shirley Changes i. 6 My wife is passionate and affects this Knight. 1704 R. Steele Lying Lover i. 7 Judge..what the condition of a passionate Man must be, that can approach the Hand only of her he dies for. 1865 Reader 20 May 561/2 Claim passionate tenderness as especially feminine, and the inquiry is made whether all the best love-poetry in existence..has not been written by men. 1894 H. James Notebks. (1947) 170 The idea of the physical possession, the brief physical, passionate rapture. 1945 L. Glassop We were Rats xxxi. 178 His hungry kisses were returned with passionate abandon. 1982 F. Raphael Byron (1988) 56 Their romance dwindled into a matter more of ardent marivaudage than of passionate demonstration. 2001 Premiere Nov. 61/1 [She] is having a passionate affair with Tedrow. 5. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > compassion > quality of exciting pity > [adjective] armlyeOE unseelyOE rulyOE ruefulc1225 ruthfulc1225 sorryc1225 piteousc1300 poorc1300 ruthlyc1300 pietousa1393 pitifulc1450 lamentablec1460 miserable?a1475 pitiablec1475 execrable1490 plainful1555 tristsum1567 passionatea1586 touchinga1586 pathetic1591 melting1593 remorseful?1615 compassionate1630 compassionable1635 ruesome1833 po'1866 little-boy-lost1957 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xii. sig. Pp6v Melting with compassion at so passionate a sight. 1595 E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. C2 In Tragick plaints and passionate mischance. 1640 R. Brathwait Ar't Asleepe Husband? 145 A pilgrims passage is such a passionate progresse, as it cannot bee pursued without sobs. 1657 H. Hammond Some Profitable Direct. Priest & People 24 To act no passionate, lugubrious, tragical part. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [adjective] sorelyc888 gramec893 sorrowfuleOE unblithec897 sorryeOE carefulOE charyOE sickOE yomerOE sorry-moodOE sweerc1000 yomerlyOE sorrilyOE woea1200 balec1220 sorry?c1225 sorec1275 sorec1275 gremefula1300 sada1300 ruthlyc1300 thoughtfulc1300 woebegonea1325 heavyc1330 grievousc1374 woefula1375 sorrowya1382 dereful?a1400 sorousa1400 sytefula1400 teenfula1400 wrotha1400 balefulc1400 tristy?c1400 tristc1420 dolefulc1430 wapped in woec1440 yhevidc1440 dolenta1450 condolentc1460 discomforted1477 tristfula1492 sorrow1496 dram?a1513 dolorous1513 earnful?1527 troublous1535 amort1546 mournfula1558 passioned1560 sadded1566 tristive1578 distressed1586 passionate1586 sorrowed1596 distressful1601 passionful1605 sighful1606 contristed1625 anguishinga1642 sadful1658 saddened1665 tristitious1694 sick as a parrot1705 pangful1727 woesome1778 grieving1807 ruesome1833 yearned1838 doleant1861 mournsome1869 thoughted1869 tragical1887 grief-stricken1905 1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. O5v These things..permit you not For suche losse of riches, possessions, children or friendes to become passionate. 1594 Warres of Cyrus iv. His grace is alwayes passionate and sad, If she be mentioned. 1613 G. Chapman Reuenge Bussy D'Ambois iv. sig. H1v Be not so passionate: rise, cease your teares. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 545 She is sad and passionate at your highnes Tent. View more context for this quotation 1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 71 Ecbar (who loved him dearly) becomes so passionate, that for..some time [he] refused to be comforted. c. Inclined to pity, compassionate. Now English regional. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > compassion > [adjective] > inclined to nesheOE tender-hearted1539 feeling1583 effeminate1594 passionatea1616 bowellya1637 compassionative1643 caring1966 a1616 W. Shakespeare Richard III (1623) i. iv. 115 I hope this passionate [1597 holy] humor of mine, will change, It was wont to hold me but while one tels twenty. 1658 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 2nd Pt. 520 Them, that have had the longest and passionatest treaty of mercy. 1903 Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 432/2 [Dorset] Master's very good to his workpeople, he's so pash'nate. B. n. 1. A person who is affected with passion or strong emotion; (in early use) spec. a person who is in love. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > a lover > [noun] friendOE lovendOE lotebyc1330 lovera1382 honeyc1405 amorousa1492 belovera1492 amant1508 fantasera1547 mate1549 Romeo?1566 inamorato1592 amorite1597 amorettoc1600 inamorate1602 amorado1607 enamorate1607 amoroso1616 admirer1640 passionate1651 brother starling1675 sweethearter1854 lovebird1858 mateya1864 jelly roll1895 lovekin1896 main squeeze1896 lovekins1920 romancer1923 playmate1928 heartthrob1929 bae2006 1651 tr. F. de Quintana Hist. Don Fenise 78 It came into my fancie to give a serenade to my wife, counterfeiting the amorous passionate. 1751 S. Richardson Corr. (1804) III. 182 When the passionates (forgive the word) break fences, leap from windows, climb walls, swim rivers. 1819 J. Hodgson in J. Raine Mem. J. Hodgson (1857) I. 234 I could..have joined the passionates in clapping. 1840 W. G. Simms Border Beagles I. xv. 222 The fear of ridicule—an always prevalent fear with the tribe of passionates. 1950 A. Wilson Wrong Set 123 All those Bretonnes and Reds and passionates, and Trevor going off to demos. 1993 Evening Standards (Nexis) 25 May 46 2,150 well-dressed passionates sweating with intense excitement at every emotional surge. 2. With plural agreement. With the. Passionate or angry people as a class. rare. ΚΠ 1686 A. Woodhead Protestants Plea for Socinian i. 7 The non-consideration of which by the passionate or unlearned is the mother of all errors. 1710 M. Chudleigh Ess. Several Subj. 70 Virtue and Vice would not be join'd, the Meek would not then be constrain'd to sigh out their Hours with the Passionate. 1967 G. Vidal Holy Family in I. Hamilton Penguin Bk. 20th-cent. Ess. (1999) 401 [Politicians regard] public statements as necessary noises to soothe the electorate or deflect the wrath of the passionate. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † passionatev. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To excite or imbue with passion, or with a particular emotion, as love, fear, anger, etc.; = passion v. 1a. Occasionally intransitive. poetic in later use. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > affect with passion or strong emotion [verb (transitive)] passion1467 stir1490 passionate1566 appassionate1589 impassion1591 earnest1603 impassionatea1641 to move a person's blood1697 1566 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure I. xli. f. 118 This Traitour..passionated not with Loue, but rather with rage and furie. 1581 B. Rich Farewell Militarie Profession sig. d4 He fortuned to meete certaine labouryng menne..who perceiuyng by his geasture, that he was passionated in his thoughtes [etc.]. 1598 F. Meres Palladis Tamia in G. G. Smith Elizabethan Crit. Ess. (1904) II. 316 Every one passionateth when he readeth the afflicted death of Daniel's distressed Rosamund. 1612 J. Smith Map of Virginia 88 It shall not so much passionate me, but I will doe my best for my worst maligner. 1652 T. Pestill For Author in E. Benlowes Theophila Beaumont and Fletcher coyn'd a golden Way, T'expresse, suspend, and passionate a Play. 1690 tr. Moral Ess. Soul Man (new ed.) ii. x. 228 To be passionated with any desire. a1868 C. Harpur Bard of Paradise in Poet. Wks. (1984) 310 Her all-felt perfection gives the voice Of the regarded waters to rejoice Gladlier, and passionates each passing breeze! 1886 H. S. Sutton Poems 8 Her light, no longer friendly, when a flood of chill lone feeling passionates and thrills Our hearts. 2. transitive. To express or perform with passion. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > passion > affect with passion or strong emotion [verb (transitive)] > express passionately passionate1567 breathe1572 1567 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure II. xxix. f. 330 Nowe leaue we this amorous Hermite to passionate & plaine his misfortune. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 246 Play-houses, where the parts of women are acted by women, and too naturally passionated. a1616 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus (1623) iii. ii. 6 Thy Neece and I..want our hands And cannot passionate our tenfold griefe, Wi[t]h foulded Armes. 3. transitive. To regard or treat with compassion; to pity. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity for [verb (transitive)] bireusyc1000 ruea1200 aruec1220 meanc1225 birewea1300 pity?a1475 compassionate1598 passionate1638 1638 R. Baker tr. J. L. G. de Balzac New Epist. II. 48 I finde more contentment in your passionating me. 4. transitive. To desire passionately. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > wish or inclination > desire > vehement or passionate desire > desire vehemently or passionately [verb (transitive)] rage1509 passionate1652 1652 R. Loveday tr. G. de Costes de La Calprenède Cassandra i. 2 The Knight..whom powerfull Reasons obliged to passionate the others Ruin. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.?a1425v.1566 |
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