paraffinn.

Brit.

/ˈparəfɪn/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrəfən/

Forms: 1800s– paraffin, 1800s– paraffine, 1900s– parafeen (South African).

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Paraffin.

Etymology: < German Paraffin (K. F. von Reichenbach 1830, in Jrnl. f. Chem. u. Physik 59 456) < classical Latin parum too little, barely, use as noun of expected neuter singular of parvus little (see parvi- comb. form) + affīnis closely related, akin (see affine n. and adj.), so named in reference to its neutral quality and low chemical reactivity. The form paraffine is perhaps due to association with -ine suffix⁵; compare French paraffine (1832).A supposed Middle French example of parafine ‘pitch, resin’ in Rabelais (1552) arises from a misreading of parasine.

1. A whitish, translucent, waxy, flammable solid consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbons, obtained as a residue from the distillation of petroleum and shale and used esp. in candles, cosmetics, and polishes, and for coating and sealing.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [noun] > paraffin wax

paraffin1835

paraffin wax1867

paraffin scale1880

paraffin butter1889

parowax1909

1835 Rec. Gen. Sci. 1 211 Paraffine (parum affinis)... In the receiver..an oily liquid appears, in which spangles of paraffine are observed... This process may be repeated until a snow white precipitate of paraffine is obtained.

1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 396 Paraffin was discovered about the same time [sc. 1830] by Dr. Christison and Dr. Reichenbach; the former..called it petrolin.

1854 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 374 The amount of paraffine, according to these experiments obtained from 1 ton of peat does not exceed 2½ lbs.

1868 Q. Rev. Apr. 345 It is not..from coal, but from certain shales, that the most abundant yield of paraffin is thus obtained.

1901 Daily News 10 Mar. 7/5 Until 1873 paraffin as a candle-making material had been produced almost wholly in Scotland and Germany.

1978 Sci. Amer. Apr. 154/3 If the paraffin has not already been mixed with stearin for strengthening, it will melt in the temperature range from 48 to 74 degrees Celsius.

1994 Canad. Workshop Aug. 30/4 Paste wax, soap or paraffin can be applied to the drawer guides and dados to help them slide smoothly.

2. In full paraffin oil. An oily, flammable liquid mixture of hydrocarbons similarly obtained by distillation and used as fuel; esp. = kerosene n. Also: (a) paraffin (sense 1) in liquid form; (b) liquid paraffin.liquid paraffin: see liquid adj. and n. Compounds 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > chemical fuel > [noun] > liquid

naphthec1384

naphtha1543

paraffin1851

kerosene1854

octylene1857

shale-oil1857

coal oil1859

gasoline1863

octane1867

octene1868

octyne1877

gas1878

liquid fuel1889

petrol1895

mazut1897

white fuel1901

diesel oil1905

autogas1908

juice1909

sauce1918

power kerosene1919

petroil1921

ethyl1923

lox1923

kero1930

isooctane1932

high-octane1933

hi-octane1933

Calor1936

pool petrol1939

super1939

pool1940

derv1948

platformate1949

mixture1952

diesel1953

Mapp gas1962

gasohol1971

super unleaded1975

synoil1976

synjet1979

biodiesel1986

Orimulsion1987

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > distilled or refined mineral oils > paraffin oils

petroleum1526

petroline1831

blue oil1835

paraffin1851

kerosene1854

photogen1856

1851 J. Young in Mechanics' Mag. 54 334 Treating bituminous coal..to obtain therefrom an oil containing paraffine which the patentee calls paraffine oil.

1861 Ann. Reg. 234 There has been lately introduced, for the purposes of light, an oil called ‘paraffin’.

1880 M. E. Braddon Just as I Am xii [He] set his face against paraffin and the whole family of oils.

a1930 N. Munro Prodigal Son in B. D. Osborne & R. Armstrong Erchie & Jimmy Swan (1993) i. v. 20 Lord! there's sae muckle to see—the cheeny-shops and the drapers, and the neighbours gaun for paraffin oil wi' a bottle.

1949 Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) IX. 389/2 The word ‘kerosene’..is an alternative name with paraffin oil (British) and coal oil (American).

1985 I. Murdoch Good Apprentice ii. 205 Thomas had poured some paraffin on to encourage the now too violent blaze.

2000 Business Day (S. Afr.) 28 Jan. 3/3 The price of illuminating paraffin would rise 5c/l.

3. Chemistry. Any of the series of saturated hydrocarbons having the general formula C_nH_{2n + 2}. Now usually called alkane.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > alkanes

paraffin1866

alkane1899

1866 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 344 (note) The word ‘paraffin’ might be conveniently used as a generic name for the hydrocarbons of this series, marsh-gas being called methylic paraffin.

1868 H. B. Jones & H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10) 548 Many of the paraffins occur ready-formed in American petroleum.

1924 J. B. Cohen Pract. Org. Chem. (ed. 3) 370 The monohalogen derivatives of the paraffins are mostly colourless liquids.

1964 N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. ii. 12 Building up the more complex paraffins from the parent methane.

1989 Hydrocarbon Processing Nov. 96/2 To continuously, catalytically dehydrogenate light paraffins, typically in the C₃ to C₅ range, to their respective mono-olefins using the Oleflex process.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

paraffin butter n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [noun] > paraffin wax

paraffin1835

paraffin wax1867

paraffin scale1880

paraffin butter1889

parowax1909

1889 Cent. Dict. 737/1 Paraffin-butter, a crude paraffin which is used for making candles.

paraffin candle n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > [noun] > made from paraffin wax

paraffin candle1860

paraffin taper1888

1860 G. W. Hawes Ohio State Gazetteer for 1860–61 913/1 New York Paraffine Candle Co., A. Meucci's Patent, 1859.

1996 R. Noguchi Ocean inside Kenji Takezo 19 Mother returned Holding paraffin candles, Flames igniting her smile.

paraffin heater n.

ΚΠ

1925 F. M. Ford No More Parades i. i. 7 The sackcloth hut..was suffocatingly hot with the paraffin heater going, and intolerably cold and damp without it.

1976 Sunday Mail (Glasgow) 21 Nov. It is a disgrace that people who have worked hard all their days should be forced to use paraffin heaters because they cannot afford their electricity bills.

paraffin lamp n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > [noun] > spirit or paraffin lamp

spirit lamp1803

naphtha lamp1832

paraffin lamp1865

kerosene lamp1869

Aladdin1909

1865 A. K. H. Boyd Autumn Holidays Country Parson xii. 231 Fling it [sc. the closet door] wide open; search with a paraffin lamp into every corner.

1974 N. Freeling Dressing of Diamond 66 Scribbling away by the light of a paraffin lamp.

paraffin ointment n.

ΚΠ

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 521 Sulphur..in paraffin ointment is useful.

1998 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 25 Apr. 16 Various doomed but sporting ploys to keep the midges away, from ultrasonic whistles to paraffin ointment via pipe-smoking and whisky.

paraffin stove n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun]

range1423

buccan1611

fire-range1668

stew-stove1727

screw-range1772

stew-hole1780

cooking stove1796

range stove1803

cooking range1805

cookstove1820

kitchener1829

gas range1853

cooker1860

gas cooker1873

Soyer's stove1878

hay-box1885

blazer1889

machine oven1890

paraffin stove1891

primus1893

electric cooker1894

electric range1894

Yukon stove1898

fireless cooker1904

picnic stove1910

pressure stove1914

Tommy cooker1915

rangette1922

Aga1931

barbecue1931

Rayburn1947

sigri1949

jiko1973

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > stove > types of stove

bath-stove1591

pech1591

stewpot1688

kitchen range1733

cockle1775

copper-hole1785

Franklin stove1787

kitchen stove1795

gas stove1818

calefactor1831

thermometer-stove1838

Vesta1843

airtight1844

ship-hearth1858

base-burner1861

wood-stove1875

box1878

tortoise1884

wood-burner1901

Quebec heater1903

pot belly1920

cosy stove1926–7

oil stove1934

paraffin stove1995

1891 Littell's Living Age 24 Oct. 228/2 If you go into that tiny tent you will find..a couple of cups, a plate, a spoon, a paraffin stove.

1995 M. Amis Information (1996) 276 The old bloodsucker sat upright in a functional armchair before a slitfaced paraffin stove.

paraffin taper n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > [noun] > made from paraffin wax

paraffin candle1860

paraffin taper1888

1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 29 Aug. 12/1 Dinner was finished by the light of paraffine tapers.

1962 M. H. Sanford At Hemingways iii. 64 Lily hurried to fit the long white paraffin taper into the handle of the dark metal lighter.

2001 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 26 May (Metropolitan section) 8 Here is a selection of standard paraffin tapers ($3.95 for a box of eight), plus plain beeswax (90c each).

paraffin-tin n.

ΚΠ

1924 Man 24 73 The butler..was pouring boiling water from kettles and old paraffin-tins.

1979 Jrnl. Southern Afr. Stud. 5 155 Using home-made paraffin-tin guitars for rhythm, the youngsters began to imitate bands like Knosi's City Jazz Nine.

C2.

† paraffin match n. Obsolete a match tipped with paraffin wax.

ΚΠ

1876 Internat. Exhib. Swedish Catal. ii. 26/2 Elephant Paraffine Matches (English shape) in cases à 20 gross 2s. 6d.

1889 J. Nicholson Folk-speech E. Yorks. 18 The present paraffin match has quite superseded the old brimstone match, made of a splinter of wood about six inches long, and dipped at both ends.

paraffin oil n. see sense 2.

paraffin paper n. paper that has been made airtight or waterproof by treatment with paraffin wax.

ΚΠ

1873 F. Hoffmann Man. Chem. Anal. 33 The paper obtained is..cut into strips..and preserved enclosed in paraffin-paper.

1928 G. D. Turnbow & L. A. Raffetto Ice Cream x. 267 Paraffin paper caps can be used if samples are to be tested within forty-eight hours.

1974 New Phytologist 73 342 The hand-emasculated spikes were enclosed in paraffin-paper bags.

paraffin scale n. a crude solid form of paraffin obtained from a distillation process; also in plural.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [noun] > paraffin wax

paraffin1835

paraffin wax1867

paraffin scale1880

paraffin butter1889

parowax1909

1880 Spons' Encycl. Manuf. I. 586 The crude solid product separated from the light and heavy oils by the mineral oil refiners, and known as ‘paraffin scales’.

1949 Our Industry (Anglo-Iranian Oil Co.) (ed. 2) 335 (Gloss.) Paraffin scale, similar to paraffin wax, but less highly refined and having a higher oil content. It may vary from white to light yellow in colour.

paraffin series n. Chemistry the series of paraffins (sense 3); the alkane series.

ΚΠ

1869 R. Bridges Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10) 477 More extensive..are the uses of liquid compounds of the paraffin series.

1911 L. W. Ellis & E. A. Rumely Power & Plow xii. 117 The bulk of the more complex compounds occur in a practically regular series known as the paraffin series.

1963 Science 13 Sept. 1046/3 Polymers in the higher paraffin series would be even less abundant.

paraffin test n. [probably after American Spanish; use of the test in Mexico City is reported from 1931] a forensic test to indicate whether a person has recently fired a gun, in which the person's hand is coated in hot paraffin wax which cools and sets and is peeled off and tested for the presence of residue from the gun.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > tests > [noun] > specific test

pneobiomantia1846

blood test1851

drug test1863

Romberg test1872

Rinne1881

Romberg's sign1884

tuberculin test1892

guaiac test1894

agglutination1896

percolation test1899

Pirquet test1908

skin test1908

Wassermann1909

Romberg1915

Pandy('s) test1916

glucose tolerance test1917

Kolmer1921

patch test1922

skin testing1923

provocation1924

Kolmer–Wassermann1925

Queckenstedt1928

Kline1929

Prausnitz–Küstner1929

cross-match1930

Mantoux test1931

paraffin test1935

Paul–Bunnell test1935

stress test1937

Burpee test1939

lepromin test1939

patch testing1941

pinprick1941

breath test1945

provocation test1948

protamine titration1949

Coombs test1950

smear test1950

Schilling test1955

tanned-(red-)cell1956

amniocentesis1958

Pap smear1963

Pap test1963

drugs test1967

Schultz–Charlton1974

amnio1984

cross-matching-

1935 Washington Post 24 June 3/1 A ‘paraffin test’ showed that a gun has been fired in Ayers' hand within the preceding 12 hours.

1972 Rep. Tribunal Events Londonderry in Bloody Sunday, 1972 (2001) 70 The only other relevant forensic test applied to the deceased was the so-called paraffin test.

1998 Washington Times 23 Nov. ‘The paraffin test can't even be reliably used to see if you've shot a gun,’ Miss Davis said. ‘It can indicate if you were present in the vicinity of shooting.’

paraffin wax n. paraffin (sense 1) in solid form, as distinguished from paraffin oil (sense 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [noun] > paraffin wax

paraffin1835

paraffin wax1867

paraffin scale1880

paraffin butter1889

parowax1909

1867 Sci. Amer. 13 Apr. 235/2 Refining Paraffine Wax.

1955 B. C. L. Kemp Elem. Org. Chem. (new ed.) ii. 35 Paraffin wax also occurs naturally in the form of earth-wax or ozokerite.

1995 K. McCloud Techniques of Decorating (1998) 42/2 The low-relief frieze..is made from lincrusta, a patented nineteenth-century type of cast plastic, which contains paraffin wax, whiting, rosin and linseed oil.

Derivatives

ˈparaffinized adj. treated with paraffin.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials having undergone process > [adjective] > treated with specific substance

lixiviated1646

salted1824

liquored1851

paraffined1869

paraffinized1888

fluorinated1892

vaselined1942

1888 Amer. Naturalist 22 859 The paraffinized preparation is placed on a layer of cotton to cool.

1946 Nature 17 Aug. 230/1 The inhibition of blood clotting by keeping the blood in paraffinized vessels was first observed by Freund.

1998 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 5786/2 Paraffinized brains were sectioned at 3μm.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	paraffin
释义	paraffinn. Brit. /ˈparəfɪn/, U.S. /ˈpɛrəfən/ Forms: 1800s– paraffin, 1800s– paraffine, 1900s– parafeen (South African). Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Paraffin. Etymology: < German Paraffin (K. F. von Reichenbach 1830, in Jrnl. f. Chem. u. Physik 59 456) < classical Latin parum too little, barely, use as noun of expected neuter singular of parvus little (see parvi- comb. form) + affīnis closely related, akin (see affine n. and adj.), so named in reference to its neutral quality and low chemical reactivity. The form paraffine is perhaps due to association with -ine suffix⁵; compare French paraffine (1832).A supposed Middle French example of parafine ‘pitch, resin’ in Rabelais (1552) arises from a misreading of parasine. 1. A whitish, translucent, waxy, flammable solid consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbons, obtained as a residue from the distillation of petroleum and shale and used esp. in candles, cosmetics, and polishes, and for coating and sealing. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [noun] > paraffin wax paraffin1835 paraffin wax1867 paraffin scale1880 paraffin butter1889 parowax1909 1835 Rec. Gen. Sci. 1 211 Paraffine (parum affinis)... In the receiver..an oily liquid appears, in which spangles of paraffine are observed... This process may be repeated until a snow white precipitate of paraffine is obtained. 1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 396 Paraffin was discovered about the same time [sc. 1830] by Dr. Christison and Dr. Reichenbach; the former..called it petrolin. 1854 E. Ronalds & T. Richardson Knapp's Chem. Technol. (ed. 2) I. 374 The amount of paraffine, according to these experiments obtained from 1 ton of peat does not exceed 2½ lbs. 1868 Q. Rev. Apr. 345 It is not..from coal, but from certain shales, that the most abundant yield of paraffin is thus obtained. 1901 Daily News 10 Mar. 7/5 Until 1873 paraffin as a candle-making material had been produced almost wholly in Scotland and Germany. 1978 Sci. Amer. Apr. 154/3 If the paraffin has not already been mixed with stearin for strengthening, it will melt in the temperature range from 48 to 74 degrees Celsius. 1994 Canad. Workshop Aug. 30/4 Paste wax, soap or paraffin can be applied to the drawer guides and dados to help them slide smoothly. 2. In full paraffin oil. An oily, flammable liquid mixture of hydrocarbons similarly obtained by distillation and used as fuel; esp. = kerosene n. Also: (a) paraffin (sense 1) in liquid form; (b) liquid paraffin.liquid paraffin: see liquid adj. and n. Compounds 1. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > chemical fuel > [noun] > liquid naphthec1384 naphtha1543 paraffin1851 kerosene1854 octylene1857 shale-oil1857 coal oil1859 gasoline1863 octane1867 octene1868 octyne1877 gas1878 liquid fuel1889 petrol1895 mazut1897 white fuel1901 diesel oil1905 autogas1908 juice1909 sauce1918 power kerosene1919 petroil1921 ethyl1923 lox1923 kero1930 isooctane1932 high-octane1933 hi-octane1933 Calor1936 pool petrol1939 super1939 pool1940 derv1948 platformate1949 mixture1952 diesel1953 Mapp gas1962 gasohol1971 super unleaded1975 synoil1976 synjet1979 biodiesel1986 Orimulsion1987 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > distilled or refined mineral oils > paraffin oils petroleum1526 petroline1831 blue oil1835 paraffin1851 kerosene1854 photogen1856 1851 J. Young in Mechanics' Mag. 54 334 Treating bituminous coal..to obtain therefrom an oil containing paraffine which the patentee calls paraffine oil. 1861 Ann. Reg. 234 There has been lately introduced, for the purposes of light, an oil called ‘paraffin’. 1880 M. E. Braddon Just as I Am xii [He] set his face against paraffin and the whole family of oils. a1930 N. Munro Prodigal Son in B. D. Osborne & R. Armstrong Erchie & Jimmy Swan (1993) i. v. 20 Lord! there's sae muckle to see—the cheeny-shops and the drapers, and the neighbours gaun for paraffin oil wi' a bottle. 1949 Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) IX. 389/2 The word ‘kerosene’..is an alternative name with paraffin oil (British) and coal oil (American). 1985 I. Murdoch Good Apprentice ii. 205 Thomas had poured some paraffin on to encourage the now too violent blaze. 2000 Business Day (S. Afr.) 28 Jan. 3/3 The price of illuminating paraffin would rise 5c/l. 3. Chemistry. Any of the series of saturated hydrocarbons having the general formula C_nH_{2n + 2}. Now usually called alkane. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > alkanes paraffin1866 alkane1899 1866 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 344 (note) The word ‘paraffin’ might be conveniently used as a generic name for the hydrocarbons of this series, marsh-gas being called methylic paraffin. 1868 H. B. Jones & H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10) 548 Many of the paraffins occur ready-formed in American petroleum. 1924 J. B. Cohen Pract. Org. Chem. (ed. 3) 370 The monohalogen derivatives of the paraffins are mostly colourless liquids. 1964 N. G. Clark Mod. Org. Chem. ii. 12 Building up the more complex paraffins from the parent methane. 1989 Hydrocarbon Processing Nov. 96/2 To continuously, catalytically dehydrogenate light paraffins, typically in the C₃ to C₅ range, to their respective mono-olefins using the Oleflex process. Compounds C1. General attributive. paraffin butter n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [noun] > paraffin wax paraffin1835 paraffin wax1867 paraffin scale1880 paraffin butter1889 parowax1909 1889 Cent. Dict. 737/1 Paraffin-butter, a crude paraffin which is used for making candles. paraffin candle n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > [noun] > made from paraffin wax paraffin candle1860 paraffin taper1888 1860 G. W. Hawes Ohio State Gazetteer for 1860–61 913/1 New York Paraffine Candle Co., A. Meucci's Patent, 1859. 1996 R. Noguchi Ocean inside Kenji Takezo 19 Mother returned Holding paraffin candles, Flames igniting her smile. paraffin heater n. ΚΠ 1925 F. M. Ford No More Parades i. i. 7 The sackcloth hut..was suffocatingly hot with the paraffin heater going, and intolerably cold and damp without it. 1976 Sunday Mail (Glasgow) 21 Nov. It is a disgrace that people who have worked hard all their days should be forced to use paraffin heaters because they cannot afford their electricity bills. paraffin lamp n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > [noun] > spirit or paraffin lamp spirit lamp1803 naphtha lamp1832 paraffin lamp1865 kerosene lamp1869 Aladdin1909 1865 A. K. H. Boyd Autumn Holidays Country Parson xii. 231 Fling it [sc. the closet door] wide open; search with a paraffin lamp into every corner. 1974 N. Freeling Dressing of Diamond 66 Scribbling away by the light of a paraffin lamp. paraffin ointment n. ΚΠ 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 521 Sulphur..in paraffin ointment is useful. 1998 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 25 Apr. 16 Various doomed but sporting ploys to keep the midges away, from ultrasonic whistles to paraffin ointment via pipe-smoking and whisky. paraffin stove n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] range1423 buccan1611 fire-range1668 stew-stove1727 screw-range1772 stew-hole1780 cooking stove1796 range stove1803 cooking range1805 cookstove1820 kitchener1829 gas range1853 cooker1860 gas cooker1873 Soyer's stove1878 hay-box1885 blazer1889 machine oven1890 paraffin stove1891 primus1893 electric cooker1894 electric range1894 Yukon stove1898 fireless cooker1904 picnic stove1910 pressure stove1914 Tommy cooker1915 rangette1922 Aga1931 barbecue1931 Rayburn1947 sigri1949 jiko1973 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > stove > types of stove bath-stove1591 pech1591 stewpot1688 kitchen range1733 cockle1775 copper-hole1785 Franklin stove1787 kitchen stove1795 gas stove1818 calefactor1831 thermometer-stove1838 Vesta1843 airtight1844 ship-hearth1858 base-burner1861 wood-stove1875 box1878 tortoise1884 wood-burner1901 Quebec heater1903 pot belly1920 cosy stove1926–7 oil stove1934 paraffin stove1995 1891 Littell's Living Age 24 Oct. 228/2 If you go into that tiny tent you will find..a couple of cups, a plate, a spoon, a paraffin stove. 1995 M. Amis Information (1996) 276 The old bloodsucker sat upright in a functional armchair before a slitfaced paraffin stove. paraffin taper n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > [noun] > made from paraffin wax paraffin candle1860 paraffin taper1888 1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 29 Aug. 12/1 Dinner was finished by the light of paraffine tapers. 1962 M. H. Sanford At Hemingways iii. 64 Lily hurried to fit the long white paraffin taper into the handle of the dark metal lighter. 2001 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 26 May (Metropolitan section) 8 Here is a selection of standard paraffin tapers ($3.95 for a box of eight), plus plain beeswax (90c each). paraffin-tin n. ΚΠ 1924 Man 24 73 The butler..was pouring boiling water from kettles and old paraffin-tins. 1979 Jrnl. Southern Afr. Stud. 5 155 Using home-made paraffin-tin guitars for rhythm, the youngsters began to imitate bands like Knosi's City Jazz Nine. C2. † paraffin match n. Obsolete a match tipped with paraffin wax. ΚΠ 1876 Internat. Exhib. Swedish Catal. ii. 26/2 Elephant Paraffine Matches (English shape) in cases à 20 gross 2s. 6d. 1889 J. Nicholson Folk-speech E. Yorks. 18 The present paraffin match has quite superseded the old brimstone match, made of a splinter of wood about six inches long, and dipped at both ends. paraffin oil n. see sense 2. paraffin paper n. paper that has been made airtight or waterproof by treatment with paraffin wax. ΚΠ 1873 F. Hoffmann Man. Chem. Anal. 33 The paper obtained is..cut into strips..and preserved enclosed in paraffin-paper. 1928 G. D. Turnbow & L. A. Raffetto Ice Cream x. 267 Paraffin paper caps can be used if samples are to be tested within forty-eight hours. 1974 New Phytologist 73 342 The hand-emasculated spikes were enclosed in paraffin-paper bags. paraffin scale n. a crude solid form of paraffin obtained from a distillation process; also in plural. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [noun] > paraffin wax paraffin1835 paraffin wax1867 paraffin scale1880 paraffin butter1889 parowax1909 1880 Spons' Encycl. Manuf. I. 586 The crude solid product separated from the light and heavy oils by the mineral oil refiners, and known as ‘paraffin scales’. 1949 Our Industry (Anglo-Iranian Oil Co.) (ed. 2) 335 (Gloss.) Paraffin scale, similar to paraffin wax, but less highly refined and having a higher oil content. It may vary from white to light yellow in colour. paraffin series n. Chemistry the series of paraffins (sense 3); the alkane series. ΚΠ 1869 R. Bridges Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 10) 477 More extensive..are the uses of liquid compounds of the paraffin series. 1911 L. W. Ellis & E. A. Rumely Power & Plow xii. 117 The bulk of the more complex compounds occur in a practically regular series known as the paraffin series. 1963 Science 13 Sept. 1046/3 Polymers in the higher paraffin series would be even less abundant. paraffin test n. [probably after American Spanish; use of the test in Mexico City is reported from 1931] a forensic test to indicate whether a person has recently fired a gun, in which the person's hand is coated in hot paraffin wax which cools and sets and is peeled off and tested for the presence of residue from the gun. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > tests > [noun] > specific test pneobiomantia1846 blood test1851 drug test1863 Romberg test1872 Rinne1881 Romberg's sign1884 tuberculin test1892 guaiac test1894 agglutination1896 percolation test1899 Pirquet test1908 skin test1908 Wassermann1909 Romberg1915 Pandy('s) test1916 glucose tolerance test1917 Kolmer1921 patch test1922 skin testing1923 provocation1924 Kolmer–Wassermann1925 Queckenstedt1928 Kline1929 Prausnitz–Küstner1929 cross-match1930 Mantoux test1931 paraffin test1935 Paul–Bunnell test1935 stress test1937 Burpee test1939 lepromin test1939 patch testing1941 pinprick1941 breath test1945 provocation test1948 protamine titration1949 Coombs test1950 smear test1950 Schilling test1955 tanned-(red-)cell1956 amniocentesis1958 Pap smear1963 Pap test1963 drugs test1967 Schultz–Charlton1974 amnio1984 cross-matching- 1935 Washington Post 24 June 3/1 A ‘paraffin test’ showed that a gun has been fired in Ayers' hand within the preceding 12 hours. 1972 Rep. Tribunal Events Londonderry in Bloody Sunday, 1972 (2001) 70 The only other relevant forensic test applied to the deceased was the so-called paraffin test. 1998 Washington Times 23 Nov. ‘The paraffin test can't even be reliably used to see if you've shot a gun,’ Miss Davis said. ‘It can indicate if you were present in the vicinity of shooting.’ paraffin wax n. paraffin (sense 1) in solid form, as distinguished from paraffin oil (sense 2). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > waxy materials > [noun] > paraffin wax paraffin1835 paraffin wax1867 paraffin scale1880 paraffin butter1889 parowax1909 1867 Sci. Amer. 13 Apr. 235/2 Refining Paraffine Wax. 1955 B. C. L. Kemp Elem. Org. Chem. (new ed.) ii. 35 Paraffin wax also occurs naturally in the form of earth-wax or ozokerite. 1995 K. McCloud Techniques of Decorating (1998) 42/2 The low-relief frieze..is made from lincrusta, a patented nineteenth-century type of cast plastic, which contains paraffin wax, whiting, rosin and linseed oil. Derivatives ˈparaffinized adj. treated with paraffin. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials having undergone process > [adjective] > treated with specific substance lixiviated1646 salted1824 liquored1851 paraffined1869 paraffinized1888 fluorinated1892 vaselined1942 1888 Amer. Naturalist 22 859 The paraffinized preparation is placed on a layer of cotton to cool. 1946 Nature 17 Aug. 230/1 The inhibition of blood clotting by keeping the blood in paraffinized vessels was first observed by Freund. 1998 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 5786/2 Paraffinized brains were sectioned at 3μm. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). paraffinv. Brit. /ˈparəfɪn/, U.S. /ˈpɛrəfən/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: paraffin n. Etymology: < paraffin n. Compare French paraffiner (1877; 1875 in past participle paraffiné (1867 in sense ‘which has the nature of paraffin’)). transitive. To cover, impregnate, or treat with paraffin. Usually in passive. ΚΠ 1868 M. C. Lea Man. Photogr. xii. 200 The negatives so obtained may be paraffined as follows. 1891 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 13 Dry them by pouring the white albumen upon a clean board which has been paraffined. 1919 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 41 588 The joint is closed and paraffined to prevent leakage. 2003 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 13 July viii. 3/3 A Roman-style spa lets Silverado's guests get pounded, paraffined, steamed or salted, as they desire. Derivatives ˈparaffined adj. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > materials having undergone process > [adjective] > treated with specific substance lixiviated1646 salted1824 liquored1851 paraffined1869 paraffinized1888 fluorinated1892 vaselined1942 1869 Sci. Amer. 24 Mar. 260/3 Paraffined casks..are in all respects of cleanliness and non-absorption, equal to glass. 1909 Daily Chron. 18 Nov. 7/2 Turn the machine upside down and wipe it dry, going over it again with a paraffined cloth. 1995 New Phytologist 131 150/2 The container surfaces were covered with paraffined cardboard discs to minimize soild evaporation. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1835v.1868
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paraffinn.

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paraffinv.

Derivatives