paradoxicaladj.

Brit.

/ˌparəˈdɒksᵻkl/, U.S.

/ˌpɛrəˈdɑksək(ə)l/

Forms: 1500s–1600s paradoxicall, 1600s– paradoxical.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: paradox n., -ical suffix.

Etymology: < paradox n. + -ical suffix; compare later paradoxic adj. With sense 3b compare German paradoxer Puls (A. Kussmaul 1873, in Berliner Klin. Wochenschr. 15 Sept. 433/2). In sense 3c after French phase paradoxale (M. Jouvet & F. Michel 1959, in Comptes Rendus Soc. de Biol. 153 422).

1. Of a doctrine, proposition, etc.: of the nature of a paradox, exhibiting or involving paradox.

†a. Contrary to common opinion. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Paradoxicall, contrarie to the common opinion.

1667 S. Pepys Diary 10 Apr. (1974) VIII. 162 Proposing many things paradoxicall to our common opinions.

1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 6 Many things may be paradoxical, (that is, contrary to the common notion) and nevertheless true: nay, because they are true.

b. Apparently inconsistent with itself or with reason, though in fact true or reasonable; strongly counter-intuitive. Also: really inconsistent with reason; absurd, irrational.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [adjective] > paradoxical

paradoxal1602

paradoxic1632

paradoxical1638

inconceivable1655

schizoid1955

schizophrenic1955

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [adjective]

paradoxal1602

paradox1624

paradoxial1624

paradoxic1632

paradoxical1638

paradoxographical1814

Irish1820

ironical1868

ironic1889

1638 F. Junius Painting of Ancients 353 Of this point, which perchance may seem somewhat paradoxicall, we have studied elsewhere to give sufficient proofe.

1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 71 I have but one paradoxical and extravagant Quaere to make.

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 43 This Philosophy of the Ancients, which seems to be so prodigiously paradoxical, in respect of that Pre-existence and Transmigration of Souls.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. v. 342 This, however paradoxical it may appear, is evident enough.

1825 C. Lamb in London Mag. Aug. 600 Comedians, paradoxical as it may seem, may be too natural.

1876 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest V. xxiii. 65 It would be true, though it might sound paradoxical, to say that the Norman Conquest made England Saxon.

1940 J. F. Kennedy Why Eng. Slept v. 115 The position of Labour in regard to rearmament has been subject to much criticism by the Conservatives, as it was felt by them that Labour's position was paradoxical.

1988 Oxf. Art Jrnl. 11 42 Paradoxical also is the presentation of the Triumph of American Painting both as an undeniable Zeitgeist, a teleological imperative, and yet also as a happy and unexpected result of the collision of circumstances.

2. Of a person, etc.: fond of or given to paradox; characterized by paradox.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [adjective] > fond of

paradoxical1599

paradoxion-babbling1631

1599 Master Broughtons Lett. Answered v. 17 A paradoxicall expositor,..a forlorne Pharisee, a running-headed fugitiue.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 41 Goropius after his wont paradoxicall, holdeth it to be the Hill Paropanisus, or Paropamisus, a part of the Hill Taurus.

1642 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (new ed.) 10 In Philosophy where truth seemes double forced, there is no man more paradoxicall than my selfe; but in Divinity I keep the road.

1711 J. Swift Argument abolishing Christianity in Misc. Prose & Verse 154 This perhaps may appear too great a Paradox even for our wise and paradoxical Age to endure.

1791 T. Paine Rights of Man i. 7 That men should take up arms, and spend their lives and fortunes, not to maintain their rights, but to maintain they have not rights, is an entirely new species of discovery, and suited to the paradoxical genius of Mr Burke.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 529 There is..a paradoxical element in the Statesman which delights in reversing the accustomed use of words.

1881 Sat. Rev. 23 July 101/1 Dean Stanley's paradoxical temper.

1971 Dict. National Biogr. 1951–60 660/2 Her character was paradoxical. A gay and spirited conversationalist, she was usually reticent about her inmost feelings and beliefs.

1991 Independent 5 Jan. 42/6 Penston was intelligent, of course, but he was also paradoxical and witty; and he had style.

a. Of a phenomenon, circumstance, etc.: exhibiting some contradiction with itself or with known laws, esp. laws of nature; hard to reconcile with known or accepted scientific theory; deviating from the normal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > unconformity > [adjective] > to nature, reason, or rule

improper1531

preposterous1533

paradoxical1646

inconceivable1754

paradoxal1888

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 107 Among those many paradoxicall and unheard of imitations.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Let. to Friend (1690) 9 His willingness to leave this World about that Age when most Men think they may best enjoy it, tho paradoxical unto worldly Ears, was not strange unto mine.

1812 J. Playfair Outl. Nat. Philos. I. 154 A phenomenon not a little paradoxical, and not yet sufficiently examined.

1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. i. 11 A most paradoxical mixture of sound and silence pervades the shady parts of the wood.

1891 Dict. National Biogr. LIV. 249/1 In the light of such public reputation as he [sc. R. L. Stevenson] yet possessed, the candidature [for the vacant chair of history and constitutional law at Edinburgh] must have seemed paradoxical.

1951 H. Arendt Burden of our Time ii. viii. 254 This strange combination of lofty philosophy and down-to-earth interests is paradoxical only at first glance.

1994 Harper's Mag. Apr. 12/1 By glorifying the acts of violence as expensive sumptuary objects (bigger explosions, uglier wounds, more generous flows of blood), they somehow achieve the paradoxical effect of making them trivial.

b. Medicine. Of a physical finding, pathological condition, etc.: contrary to what is expected or normal. Cf. slightly earlier paradoxal adj. 2.

ΚΠ

1886 W. R. Gowers Man. Dis. Nerv. Syst. I. 17 Paradoxical Muscular Contraction.—This name has been given by Westphal to a slow tonic contraction occurring in a muscle when suddenly relaxed, or rather when its course is suddenly shortened.

1892 W. Osler Princ. & Pract. Med. 650 The paradoxical pulse of Küssmaul, in which the beats during inspiration are more frequent but less full than during expiration.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 231 Zahn gave the name ‘paradoxical embolism’..to the transportation of emboli derived from veins into the systemic arteries without passing through the pulmonary circulation.

1920 L. W. Fox Pract. Treat. Ophthalmol. xxi. 589 The paradoxical pupilary reactions or a dilatation of the pupil when a bright light is thrown upon the eye is not uncommonly a manifestation of hysteria.

1961 Lancet 22 July 182/2 Radiologically the aneurysm shows either paradoxical or reduced pulsation, or no pulsation at all.

1984 J. R. Tighe & D. R. Davies Pathol. (ed. 4) xvii. 165 Liver damage is maximal in the centre of lobules, resulting in fibrosis in this area and link-up of one central area with another (paradoxical lobulation).

1989 Q. Jrnl. Med. 72 723 One scan was taken..approximately in the middle of the apnoea, during periods of paradoxical ribcage and abdominal movements.

c. Physiology. Designating the rapid eye movement phase of sleep.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > [adjective] > type of sleep > characterized by dreaming or REM

REM1957

paradoxical1962

1962 I. Oswald Sleeping & Waking i. 16 (heading) ‘Paradoxical phase’ of sleep in the cat.

1969 Sci. Jrnl. Dec. 78/3 The brainwaves of paradoxical sleep are more like those during normal wakefulness.

1970 New Scientist 23 Apr. 170/2 After about an hour of this orthodox sleep phase..paradoxical sleep begins and lasts about 10 minutes before orthodox sleep is resumed. The electrical brain waves and many other bodily functions during paradoxical sleep are different—..most muscles become quite flaccid and their reflexes are lost; the penis is erect; the heart, breathing and blood pressure are irregular; [etc.].

1977 D. Morris Manwatching 315 So it is safe to assume that the total of 1¹/ ₂ hours of Paradoxical Sleep we have each night really does represent 1¹/ ₂ hours of actual dreaming.

1989 Adverse Drug Reactions 8 24 Like other hypnotics, glutethimide suppresses paradoxical (REM) sleep, and its effects on the resting EEG are similar to those of barbiturates.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	paradoxical
释义	paradoxicaladj. Brit. /ˌparəˈdɒksᵻkl/, U.S. /ˌpɛrəˈdɑksək(ə)l/ Forms: 1500s–1600s paradoxicall, 1600s– paradoxical. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: paradox n., -ical suffix. Etymology: < paradox n. + -ical suffix; compare later paradoxic adj. With sense 3b compare German paradoxer Puls (A. Kussmaul 1873, in Berliner Klin. Wochenschr. 15 Sept. 433/2). In sense 3c after French phase paradoxale (M. Jouvet & F. Michel 1959, in Comptes Rendus Soc. de Biol. 153 422). 1. Of a doctrine, proposition, etc.: of the nature of a paradox, exhibiting or involving paradox. †a. Contrary to common opinion. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Paradoxicall, contrarie to the common opinion. 1667 S. Pepys Diary 10 Apr. (1974) VIII. 162 Proposing many things paradoxicall to our common opinions. 1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 6 Many things may be paradoxical, (that is, contrary to the common notion) and nevertheless true: nay, because they are true. b. Apparently inconsistent with itself or with reason, though in fact true or reasonable; strongly counter-intuitive. Also: really inconsistent with reason; absurd, irrational. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [adjective] > paradoxical paradoxal1602 paradoxic1632 paradoxical1638 inconceivable1655 schizoid1955 schizophrenic1955 the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [adjective] paradoxal1602 paradox1624 paradoxial1624 paradoxic1632 paradoxical1638 paradoxographical1814 Irish1820 ironical1868 ironic1889 1638 F. Junius Painting of Ancients 353 Of this point, which perchance may seem somewhat paradoxicall, we have studied elsewhere to give sufficient proofe. 1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 71 I have but one paradoxical and extravagant Quaere to make. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 43 This Philosophy of the Ancients, which seems to be so prodigiously paradoxical, in respect of that Pre-existence and Transmigration of Souls. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. v. 342 This, however paradoxical it may appear, is evident enough. 1825 C. Lamb in London Mag. Aug. 600 Comedians, paradoxical as it may seem, may be too natural. 1876 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest V. xxiii. 65 It would be true, though it might sound paradoxical, to say that the Norman Conquest made England Saxon. 1940 J. F. Kennedy Why Eng. Slept v. 115 The position of Labour in regard to rearmament has been subject to much criticism by the Conservatives, as it was felt by them that Labour's position was paradoxical. 1988 Oxf. Art Jrnl. 11 42 Paradoxical also is the presentation of the Triumph of American Painting both as an undeniable Zeitgeist, a teleological imperative, and yet also as a happy and unexpected result of the collision of circumstances. 2. Of a person, etc.: fond of or given to paradox; characterized by paradox. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [adjective] > fond of paradoxical1599 paradoxion-babbling1631 1599 Master Broughtons Lett. Answered v. 17 A paradoxicall expositor,..a forlorne Pharisee, a running-headed fugitiue. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 41 Goropius after his wont paradoxicall, holdeth it to be the Hill Paropanisus, or Paropamisus, a part of the Hill Taurus. 1642 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (new ed.) 10 In Philosophy where truth seemes double forced, there is no man more paradoxicall than my selfe; but in Divinity I keep the road. 1711 J. Swift Argument abolishing Christianity in Misc. Prose & Verse 154 This perhaps may appear too great a Paradox even for our wise and paradoxical Age to endure. 1791 T. Paine Rights of Man i. 7 That men should take up arms, and spend their lives and fortunes, not to maintain their rights, but to maintain they have not rights, is an entirely new species of discovery, and suited to the paradoxical genius of Mr Burke. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) IV. 529 There is..a paradoxical element in the Statesman which delights in reversing the accustomed use of words. 1881 Sat. Rev. 23 July 101/1 Dean Stanley's paradoxical temper. 1971 Dict. National Biogr. 1951–60 660/2 Her character was paradoxical. A gay and spirited conversationalist, she was usually reticent about her inmost feelings and beliefs. 1991 Independent 5 Jan. 42/6 Penston was intelligent, of course, but he was also paradoxical and witty; and he had style. 3. a. Of a phenomenon, circumstance, etc.: exhibiting some contradiction with itself or with known laws, esp. laws of nature; hard to reconcile with known or accepted scientific theory; deviating from the normal. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > unconformity > [adjective] > to nature, reason, or rule improper1531 preposterous1533 paradoxical1646 inconceivable1754 paradoxal1888 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 107 Among those many paradoxicall and unheard of imitations. View more context for this quotation a1682 Sir T. Browne Let. to Friend (1690) 9 His willingness to leave this World about that Age when most Men think they may best enjoy it, tho paradoxical unto worldly Ears, was not strange unto mine. 1812 J. Playfair Outl. Nat. Philos. I. 154 A phenomenon not a little paradoxical, and not yet sufficiently examined. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. i. 11 A most paradoxical mixture of sound and silence pervades the shady parts of the wood. 1891 Dict. National Biogr. LIV. 249/1 In the light of such public reputation as he [sc. R. L. Stevenson] yet possessed, the candidature [for the vacant chair of history and constitutional law at Edinburgh] must have seemed paradoxical. 1951 H. Arendt Burden of our Time ii. viii. 254 This strange combination of lofty philosophy and down-to-earth interests is paradoxical only at first glance. 1994 Harper's Mag. Apr. 12/1 By glorifying the acts of violence as expensive sumptuary objects (bigger explosions, uglier wounds, more generous flows of blood), they somehow achieve the paradoxical effect of making them trivial. b. Medicine. Of a physical finding, pathological condition, etc.: contrary to what is expected or normal. Cf. slightly earlier paradoxal adj. 2. ΚΠ 1886 W. R. Gowers Man. Dis. Nerv. Syst. I. 17 Paradoxical Muscular Contraction.—This name has been given by Westphal to a slow tonic contraction occurring in a muscle when suddenly relaxed, or rather when its course is suddenly shortened. 1892 W. Osler Princ. & Pract. Med. 650 The paradoxical pulse of Küssmaul, in which the beats during inspiration are more frequent but less full than during expiration. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 231 Zahn gave the name ‘paradoxical embolism’..to the transportation of emboli derived from veins into the systemic arteries without passing through the pulmonary circulation. 1920 L. W. Fox Pract. Treat. Ophthalmol. xxi. 589 The paradoxical pupilary reactions or a dilatation of the pupil when a bright light is thrown upon the eye is not uncommonly a manifestation of hysteria. 1961 Lancet 22 July 182/2 Radiologically the aneurysm shows either paradoxical or reduced pulsation, or no pulsation at all. 1984 J. R. Tighe & D. R. Davies Pathol. (ed. 4) xvii. 165 Liver damage is maximal in the centre of lobules, resulting in fibrosis in this area and link-up of one central area with another (paradoxical lobulation). 1989 Q. Jrnl. Med. 72 723 One scan was taken..approximately in the middle of the apnoea, during periods of paradoxical ribcage and abdominal movements. c. Physiology. Designating the rapid eye movement phase of sleep. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > [adjective] > type of sleep > characterized by dreaming or REM REM1957 paradoxical1962 1962 I. Oswald Sleeping & Waking i. 16 (heading) ‘Paradoxical phase’ of sleep in the cat. 1969 Sci. Jrnl. Dec. 78/3 The brainwaves of paradoxical sleep are more like those during normal wakefulness. 1970 New Scientist 23 Apr. 170/2 After about an hour of this orthodox sleep phase..paradoxical sleep begins and lasts about 10 minutes before orthodox sleep is resumed. The electrical brain waves and many other bodily functions during paradoxical sleep are different—..most muscles become quite flaccid and their reflexes are lost; the penis is erect; the heart, breathing and blood pressure are irregular; [etc.]. 1977 D. Morris Manwatching 315 So it is safe to assume that the total of 1¹/ ₂ hours of Paradoxical Sleep we have each night really does represent 1¹/ ₂ hours of actual dreaming. 1989 Adverse Drug Reactions 8 24 Like other hypnotics, glutethimide suppresses paradoxical (REM) sleep, and its effects on the resting EEG are similar to those of barbiturates. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.1598
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